CN116261146B - Global electromagnetic cooperative sensing constellation system - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W16/00—Network planning, e.g. coverage or traffic planning tools; Network deployment, e.g. resource partitioning or cells structures
- H04W16/14—Spectrum sharing arrangements between different networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
- H04B7/1851—Systems using a satellite or space-based relay
- H04B7/18513—Transmission in a satellite or space-based system
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/14—Relay systems
- H04B7/15—Active relay systems
- H04B7/185—Space-based or airborne stations; Stations for satellite systems
- H04B7/18521—Systems of inter linked satellites, i.e. inter satellite service
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W84/00—Network topologies
- H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
- H04W84/04—Large scale networks; Deep hierarchical networks
- H04W84/06—Airborne or Satellite Networks
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of space information, and particularly relates to a satellite electromagnetic sensing and communication system. A global electromagnetic co-perception constellation system comprising: a constellation subsystem, a short wave subsystem, an electromagnetic spectrum data center subsystem and an operation and maintenance management subsystem; the constellation subsystem comprises: a plurality of satellites and a plurality of ground stations; the satellite collects electromagnetic signals radiated by users and marks relevant space-time information for returning; the electromagnetic spectrum data center subsystem fuses and processes the mass electromagnetic data sent by the constellation subsystem; the short-wave subsystem comprises: the plurality of short wave towers provide forward information transmission and distribution services for users, so that the users can acquire information and instructions; the operation and maintenance management subsystem controls and manages the operation of the constellation subsystem, the short-wave subsystem and the electromagnetic spectrum data center subsystem. The invention has the capability of supporting core applications such as wide-area real-time electromagnetic sensing, multi-class user state acquisition, real-time monitoring and the like through the functional design of each subsystem.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of space information, and particularly relates to a satellite electromagnetic sensing and communication system.
Background
Satellite communication systems have been the focus of competition in military countries of the world because of their inherent geographic location advantages, which are important means for achieving wide-area acquisition of information and accessibility to remote areas.
Since the last eighties of the century, low-orbit constellation schemes typified by Iridium (Iridium), globalStar (GlobalStar), orbital communication (Orbcomm), etc. have been continuously developed worldwide, but these projects have been developed difficultly due to various limitations of cost, technology, etc., especially from the rise of terrestrial cellular mobile communication. However, with the information age, the technology of accessing the internet by the whole human being, the multi-beam phased array antenna, the on-board processing exchange and the wireless laser link, especially the technology of one-rocket multi-satellite, rocket recovery, low-cost small satellite manufacturing and the like, has been developed in the beginning of a new development surge represented by low-orbit giant constellation.
The development of low-orbit constellations first solves the problem of demand traction. Human society has entered the information age, where almost all human activities are accompanied by the generation of electromagnetic signals, and electromagnetic space has grown into a fifth-dimensional space after "land, sea, air, and sky". With the increase of global informatization, electromagnetic spectrum is increasingly competing as a core resource for constructing a wireless communication network, and real-time sensing and effective control of electromagnetic space have become a high point of worldwide competition. Therefore, the global broadband high-dynamic electromagnetic spectrum sensing is developed, the distribution and the characteristics of spectrum resources in a space domain and a frequency domain are obtained continuously in real time, the electromagnetic space control capability is enhanced, and the method has great significance for economic construction and national security of China.
Considering that the coverage capability of ground monitoring equipment is limited, a space system is a necessary choice for realizing wide-area real-time electromagnetic situation acquisition based on a satellite platform due to the unique 'high-limit-area' advantage. Currently, most electromagnetic spectrum sensing uses a synchronous orbit large satellite as a platform, a receiving antenna is huge, for example, the diameter of the receiving antenna of the U.S. short number and the large wine bottle is more than 100 meters, high cost is exchanged for higher electromagnetic spectrum sensing capability, and the wide area real-time electromagnetic signal acquisition cost is huge and almost impossible due to extremely narrow antenna beam. In contrast, the low orbit satellite constellation not only can realize wide area real-time coverage, but also has short signal transmission distance, low requirements on the capacity of an antenna and a receiver, and is very beneficial to the improvement of cost control and cost efficiency ratio.
In order to effectively control the cost of a low-orbit constellation and ensure the service capability of the low-orbit constellation, the latest technical development of artificial intelligence, big data, cloud computing and the like are fully utilized, a new thought of low cost of electromagnetic sensors is replaced by distributed on-satellite acquisition and big data ground processing, and the analysis and identification capability of all electromagnetic signals on the ground is realized while wide-band wide-area real-time coverage acquisition is realized. Specifically, the capacity of the sensor is improved without limitation for electromagnetic sensing, and the breakthrough direction is changed into the development of a miniaturized novel wide-band antenna, knowledge-assisted efficient spectrum sensing, signal identification, adaptive data compression and other advanced electromagnetic detection technologies; the data processing is realized by mining and analyzing massive historical data, a rich knowledge base is continuously accumulated and formed, and the frequency spectrum is dynamically monitored and updated with strong computing and analyzing capability. The novel functional design brings a novel system architecture and a novel key technology, and the novel development mode not only can realize the efficient acquisition of the global electromagnetic spectrum information, but also can possibly cause the industrial transformation of the electromagnetic information field.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is that: the global electromagnetic collaborative sensing constellation system is provided for realizing the support of core applications such as global real-time electromagnetic sensing, state acquisition of multiple types of users, real-time monitoring, sparse user communication and the like.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a global electromagnetic cooperative sensing constellation system is used for collecting electromagnetic signals sent by various users in VHF-Ka frequency bands, and comprises: constellation subsystem, short wave subsystem, electromagnetic spectrum data center subsystem and operation and maintenance management subsystem.
The constellation subsystem comprises: a plurality of satellites and a plurality of ground stations; the satellite is used for collecting electromagnetic signals radiated by a user and marking relevant space-time information for returning; the ground station is an information relay node of the satellite on the ground and is used for receiving electromagnetic data collected and returned by the satellite and forwarding the data to the electromagnetic spectrum data center subsystem.
And the electromagnetic spectrum data center subsystem performs fusion processing on massive electromagnetic data sent by the constellation subsystem, so as to realize global electromagnetic spectrum situation awareness, and state acquisition and real-time monitoring functions of multiple types of users.
The short-wave subsystem comprises: a plurality of short wave towers; the short wave tower is connected with an electromagnetic spectrum data center subsystem through a ground network; the short wave tower is an information front end and a relay node from the electromagnetic spectrum data center subsystem to the user and is used for providing forward information transmission and distribution service for the user so as to enable the user to acquire information and instructions.
The operation and maintenance management subsystem is used for controlling and managing the operation of the constellation subsystem, the short-wave subsystem and the electromagnetic spectrum data center subsystem.
On the basis of the scheme, the satellites in the constellation subsystem are low-orbit satellites provided with spectrum monitoring load and laser load, and form a walker-delta constellation, the orbit height is distributed between 600km and 800km, the orbit inclination angle is 86 degrees, the beam angle of an antenna is 60-65 degrees, the orbit number is 15, the number of monorail satellites is 9, and the adjacent satellites are connected by adopting a laser link.
Based on the above scheme, the electromagnetic spectrum data center subsystem further comprises: the device comprises a feature extraction unit, a data matching unit, a signal synchronization and separation unit and a fusion processing unit;
the characteristic extraction unit acquires characteristic parameters of a plurality of aliasing signals in each electromagnetic segment by adopting a time-frequency analysis means and a wavelet transformation method aiming at each electromagnetic segment returned by the electromagnetic segment;
the data matching unit traverses each geographic grid in a determined time period, determines satellites of the geographic grids covered by the time period, and acquires data acquired by the satellites of the time period as a candidate data set to be analyzed in the region; matching the candidate data sets in each region, and matching the associated data;
the signal synchronization and separation unit aligns the matched data acquired by the data matching unit, and separates the aliased information by using a blind source separation technology to acquire the associated signal components;
and the fusion processing unit performs passive positioning and fusion enhancement on the correlated signal components in the signal synchronization and separation unit.
On the basis of the scheme, the operation and maintenance management subsystem further makes a high-speed transmission and routing scheme for the constellation subsystem, and the scheme comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring a topological and link state relation between a satellite and a ground station node in a constellation subsystem, and constructing a time expansion diagram;
performing characterization modeling on the time expansion graph to obtain six-tuple G= { V, E, M, T, W, gamma }; wherein: v represents a set of all nodes of the satellite and ground station; e represents a set of data transmission relations among nodes, and is represented by a solid line link; m represents a set of storage relationships among nodes, and is represented by a broken line link; t represents the lifetime of the network; w is a link QoS state parameter time sequence, and represents QoS measurement parameter vectors of links in different subintervals; gamma represents the load condition of the link;
s2, acquiring service parameters and QoS constraint conditions, and sequencing the services according to priority;
s3, sequentially matching network states and service transmission constraints according to service types to obtain transmission paths;
s4, judging whether transmission paths meeting all QoS constraint conditions exist in the network, if so, selecting paths meeting the QoS constraint conditions of the user service to generate a service routing table and forwarding data; otherwise, judging whether the re-planning is needed according to the service type and the priority, if so, re-executing the step 2, adjusting the service sequencing, and if not, removing the service with low priority, generating a routing table of the corresponding service and forwarding data.
On the basis of the scheme, the operation and maintenance management subsystem further formulates a forward information distribution scheme of the short-wave tower for users to the short-wave subsystem, and the scheme comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring a user state and a current working state of a short wave tower in a short wave subsystem, and constructing a bipartite graph matching model D= { I, J, E }; wherein I represents a set of short wave tower, J represents a set of users to be communicated, and E represents a set of relationships between the two;
s2, calculating a relation matrix E between nodes in the short wave tower set I and nodes in the user set J to be communicated;
wherein e i,j Representing the association relation between the ith tower and the jth user, wherein the initial value is defined as 0, the relation is defined by adopting the user satisfaction degree, and the communication distance, the time delay jitter, the idle transmission resource of the tower and the like are taken as indexes for measuring the user satisfaction degree, and each satisfying one e i,j +1；
S3, matching the bipartite graph by adopting a Hungary algorithm to obtain an optimal matching result, and sending information to a user by the short-wave tower according to a matching relationship.
The beneficial effects are that: (1) The invention has the capability of supporting core applications such as wide-area real-time electromagnetic sensing, multi-class user state acquisition, real-time monitoring and the like through the functional design of each subsystem.
(2) The invention can support the information transmission of the electromagnetic spectrum data center subsystem to the user by adding the short wave subsystem at the user side, converts the traditional unidirectional information transmission mode from the user-satellite-ground station-data center into the information closed loop of the user-satellite-ground station-data center-short wave tower-user, opens the information loop of the constellation system, sparsely communicates the user, avoids the difficult problem of frequency application, and effectively improves the efficiency of data acquisition, spectrum management and diversified application.
(3) The invention realizes the perception and multiple coverage of electromagnetic users in the global scope through constellation configuration design.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the system components of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of a process for fusion processing of mass multisource data of an electromagnetic spectrum data center subsystem in the invention;
fig. 3 is an exemplary diagram in embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1: referring to fig. 1, a global electromagnetic cooperative sensing constellation system is used for collecting electromagnetic signals sent by various users in VHF-Ka frequency bands, and includes: constellation subsystem, short wave subsystem, electromagnetic spectrum data center subsystem and operation and maintenance management subsystem.
The constellation subsystem comprises: a plurality of satellites and a plurality of ground stations; the satellite is used for collecting electromagnetic signals radiated by a user and marking relevant space-time information for returning; the ground station is an information relay node of the satellite on the ground and is used for receiving electromagnetic data collected and returned by the satellite and forwarding the data to the electromagnetic spectrum data center subsystem.
And the electromagnetic spectrum data center subsystem performs fusion processing on massive electromagnetic data sent by the constellation subsystem, so as to realize global electromagnetic spectrum situation awareness, and state acquisition and real-time monitoring functions of multiple types of users.
The short-wave subsystem comprises: a plurality of short wave towers; the short wave tower is connected with an electromagnetic spectrum data center subsystem through a ground network; the short wave tower is an information front end and a relay node from the electromagnetic spectrum data center subsystem to the user and is used for providing forward information transmission and distribution service for the user so as to enable the user to acquire information and instructions.
The operation and maintenance management subsystem is used for controlling and managing the operation of the constellation subsystem, the short-wave subsystem and the electromagnetic spectrum data center subsystem.
Example 2: on the basis of embodiment 1, a user segment, a constellation subsystem, a shortwave subsystem, an electromagnetic spectrum data center subsystem and an operation and maintenance management subsystem are further described.
User section: the electromagnetic signals that can be collected by the global electromagnetic cooperative sensing constellation system according to embodiment 1 are mainly multi-type users with the frequency range between VHF and Ka, and cover the electromagnetic signals that can be sent by various users in the frequency range between VHF and Ka and can be collected by the system, such as internet of things, communication terminals, large aircraft ships and the like. Meanwhile, for a small number of users needing information interaction, a miniaturized short wave receiving module is loaded, and short wave signals emitted by a short wave tower can be received. Therefore, the system can realize the information closed loop of the whole system through receiving the information of the user side.
Constellation subsystem: the satellite in the constellation subsystem adopts a light and small-sized design, the main load on the satellite comprises a broadband frequency spectrum receiver and a special signal load, the frequency band is covered with VHF, UHF, L, S, C/X, ku/Ka, the load is processed by software radio, and the integrated radio frequency front end and the integrated processing terminal reconstruct on the orbit. The satellite is also loaded with a laser terminal, a measurement and control load, a navigation load and the like. The satellite platform is based on the integrated design of the existing microminiature satellite component product and comprises an integrated functional unit measurement and control feed (comprising a spread spectrum transponder, a feed communication machine and a navigation receiver), a control management unit (comprising a satellite, an attitude control computer and a related interface and a driving circuit) and a power supply and distribution management unit (comprising shunt control, storage battery management and distribution control) based on a standardized board card. In the working process of the satellite, electromagnetic signals radiated by a user are collected, and relevant space-time information is marked for returning. In addition, because the information frequency band that needs to gather is wide, cover extensively, and information acquisition and transmission pressure are great, in order to solve above-mentioned problem, utilize sparseness and the compressed sensing theory of broadband electromagnetic spectrum on the star, through adopting owe Nyquist sampling system, realize the low-speed sampling of broadband electromagnetic signal, reduce the pressure of on-board acquisition, transmission, processing.
In the global scope, population activity areas are mainly concentrated between 20-60 degrees of northern latitude of the northern hemisphere and 0-55 degrees of southern latitude of the southern hemisphere, and about 89% and 11% of population are respectively occupied in the world. Global maritime distribution is between 55S and 77N, with 34S to 71N being the most active marine route. The global airline distribution ranges from 55 ° S to 90 ° N, with 18 ° N to 90 ° N being the most active airline. In recent years, arctic regions have become areas where humans frequently move in recent years. In order to meet the above requirements, the following constellation subsystem design scheme is given:
the constellation subsystem is composed of a plurality of low orbit satellites provided with frequency spectrum monitoring load and laser load, the constellation configuration adopts a walker-delta constellation, the orbit height is distributed between 600km and 800km, the orbit inclination angle is 86 degrees, the antenna beam angle is 60-65 degrees, the orbit number is 15, the number of monorail satellites is 9, and the adjacent satellites are connected by adopting laser links in order to ensure the cooperative sensing capability of the constellation and take account of the global coverage capability. The constellation configuration can ensure 100% coverage in the range of 0 to +/-90 degrees, at least three stars at the same place can be ensured to be covered, and meanwhile, the service life of the low-orbit satellite is effectively ensured while the coverage capability and the electromagnetic sensing capability are considered.
Short wavelength division system: the short wave subsystem uses the short wave tower as the information front end and the relay node from the electromagnetic spectrum data center subsystem to the user, and can provide forward information transmission and distribution service for the user, so that the user can acquire information and instructions. Short waves are not constrained by active relays, can provide ultra-long range communications through ionospheric reflection, and possess a large number of publicly available frequency bands that can be used to efficiently transmit forward information to users.
Electromagnetic spectrum data center subsystem: the core function of the electromagnetic spectrum data center subsystem is to realize the functions of global electromagnetic spectrum situation awareness, state acquisition and real-time monitoring of multiple types of users through massive electromagnetic data fusion processing.
An electromagnetic spectrum data center subsystem comprising: the device comprises a feature extraction unit, a data matching unit, a signal synchronization and separation unit and a fusion processing unit. Wherein:
the characteristic extraction unit acquires characteristic parameters of a plurality of aliasing signals in each electromagnetic segment by adopting a time-frequency analysis means and a wavelet transformation method aiming at each electromagnetic segment of returned electromagnetic data.
The data matching unit traverses each geographic grid in a determined time period, determines satellites of the geographic grids covered by the time period, and acquires data acquired by the satellites of the time period as a candidate data set to be analyzed in the region; and carrying out matching processing on the candidate data set in each region, and matching out the associated data.
The signal synchronization and separation unit aligns the matched data acquired by the data matching unit, and separates the aliased information by using a blind source separation technology to acquire the associated signal components.
And the fusion processing unit performs passive positioning and fusion enhancement on the correlated signal components in the signal synchronization and separation unit.
Referring to fig. 2, the mass electromagnetic data fusion processing method specifically comprises the following steps:
step 1: and extracting electromagnetic data characteristic parameters. The electromagnetic data is analyzed, firstly, the characteristic parameters carried in the electromagnetic data are required to be obtained through preprocessing, and the characteristic parameters generally mainly comprise the frequency, the bandwidth, the intensity and the like of signals. And aiming at each electromagnetic data transmitted back, acquiring signal parameters such as frequency, bandwidth, field intensity and the like of a plurality of aliasing signals in each electromagnetic segment by adopting a time-frequency analysis means and a wavelet transformation method.
Step 2: target electromagnetic data matching for multi-star co-vision. And screening out the multi-star co-view data to develop subsequent signal analysis processing and collaborative perception work. Firstly, dividing a global or appointed area into a plurality of rectangular geographic grids according to longitude and latitude, wherein the side length is generally taken according to 40-50 km, and the actual value can be adjusted according to the computing capability; secondly, dividing according to time periods, namely traversing each geographic grid according to a second level, a minute level or an hour level, determining satellites which can cover the geographic grids in the time periods, and acquiring data acquired by the satellites in the time periods as a candidate data set to be analyzed in the area; and then, carrying out matching processing on the candidate data set in each region, further screening the data in the candidate data set according to parameters such as time, frequency, bandwidth, field intensity and the like, and matching out the associated data.
Step 3: and synchronizing and separating signals aliased in the electromagnetic data. Because the signals acquired by satellite wide area coverage are aliased signals, firstly, the matching data acquired in the step 2 are aligned according to space-time identification, and secondly, the information of each aliasing is separated by using a blind source separation technology, so that the acquisition of associated signal components is realized, and a foundation is provided for fusion processing.
Step 4: and (5) fusion processing and analysis of signals. And (3) carrying out passive positioning and fusion enhancement based on the correlated signal components in the step (3), wherein the positioning can adopt a time-frequency difference positioning technology to acquire target position information of the signal, and simultaneously, the position information can be used for further calibrating characteristic parameters of related data to form global spectrum situation information, wherein the global spectrum situation information mainly comprises characteristic parameters such as signal frequency, bandwidth, field intensity, position and the like. In addition, a target recognition function can be added on the basis, important parameters such as signal type, modulation type, symbol rate and the like are obtained, and the processing capacity of the electromagnetic spectrum data center is further improved.
And the operation and maintenance management subsystem: the operation and maintenance management subsystem is mainly used for realizing the operation, control and management of all nodes, subsystems and other components of the global electromagnetic perception low-orbit constellation system, including the tracking measurement and monitoring control of satellites, the resource scheduling and operation management and control of satellites, short-wave towers and ground stations, the management control of electromagnetic spectrum data centers, various service centers, application nodes and the like, access control, data encryption, identity authentication and the like. In the global electromagnetic sensing low-orbit constellation system for information acquisition and transmission, the core functions of the operation and maintenance management subsystem are embodied in two aspects of data high-speed transmission and routing and forward information distribution of a short-wave tower to a user.
(1) High-speed transmission and routing scheme
The satellite and the ground station are used as important nodes of the network, and the satellite and the ground station are used for networking to design a high-speed transmission and routing scheme supporting QoS of users, so that data is efficiently transmitted back to the electromagnetic spectrum data center. The method comprises the following specific steps:
step 1: and acquiring the topological and link state relations of the nodes such as the satellite and the ground station, and constructing a time expansion diagram. Because the topology of the satellite nodes has periodicity and predictability, a network formed by the satellites and the ground station nodes is constructed into a plurality of static subgraphs in time intervals, and then the static subgraphs in each time interval are associated through the storage resources of the nodes. Performing characterization modeling on the time expansion graph to obtain the following six-tuple G= { V, E, M, T, W, gamma }, wherein V represents a set of all nodes of the satellite and the ground station; e represents a set of data transmission relations among nodes, and is represented by a solid line link; m represents a set of storage relationships among nodes, and is represented by a broken line link; t represents the lifetime of the network, i.e. the duration of the static sub-graph state, which can be further broken down into a plurality of sub-periods; w is a link QoS state parameter time sequence, and represents QoS measurement parameter vectors of links in different subintervals; gamma denotes the load situation of the link.
Step 2: and acquiring service parameters and QoS constraint conditions, and sequencing the services according to priority. In the acquired service data, the transmission requirements of different services are different, the service requirements are analyzed to be expressed as specific constraint conditions, the aspects of data volume, bandwidth, time delay, priority and the like are covered, the service parameters are divided into time delay tolerant services and time delay sensitive services, and the services are judged according to the priority sequence.
Step 3: and sequentially matching the network state and the service transmission constraint according to the service type to obtain a transmission path. If the delay tolerant service is a delay tolerant service, firstly, removing unsatisfied paths according to the link load condition and bandwidth constraint, and then selecting a transmission path with short storage time and small network hops as a path to be transmitted by the current service; if the service is a time delay sensitive service, firstly, unsatisfied paths are removed according to the link load condition, bandwidth constraint and time delay constraint, and then, the shortest transmission path is selected according to the time delay constraint.
Step 4: judging whether transmission paths meeting all QoS constraint conditions exist in the network, if so, selecting paths meeting the QoS constraint conditions of the user service to generate a service routing table and forwarding data; otherwise, judging whether the re-planning is needed according to the service type and the priority, if so, re-executing the step 2, adjusting the service sequencing, and if not, removing the service with low priority, generating a routing table of the corresponding service and forwarding data.
(2) Forward information distribution for short wave towers
The forward information distribution of the short wave tower is only oriented to users carrying short wave modules, and the number of supported users is limited. The operation and maintenance management subsystem can grasp the current states of various users in real time, including standby states, specific positions, service transmission requirements and communication resources to be occupied by the users through the information collected and returned by the satellites. And the operation and maintenance management subsystem matches the short wave tower with the user to be communicated by acquiring the state information of the user, and finally completes information transmission. The matching process is as follows:
step 1: and acquiring the state of the user and the current working state of the short-wave tower, so as to construct a bipartite graph matching model. The bipartite graph matching model can be expressed as D= { I, J, E }, I represents a set of short wave towers, J represents a set of users to be communicated, and E represents a set of relationships between the two
Step 2: and calculating a relation matrix between the nodes in the short wave tower set I and the nodes in the user set J to be communicated. The method comprises the following steps:
wherein e i,j Representing the association relation between the ith tower and the jth user, wherein the initial value is defined as 0, and the relation adopts the user satisfaction definition to define the communication distance, time delay and time delayJitter, idle tower transmission resources and the like are taken as indexes for measuring the satisfaction degree of users, and each satisfying one item e i,j +1. The index here can be extended around the QoS transmission requirement of the user, and further defined in a fine manner according to the actual requirement.
Step 3: and matching the bipartite graph by adopting a Hungary algorithm to obtain an optimal matching result, and sending information to a user by the short-wave tower according to a matching relationship.
In summary, the system has the following three functions:
(1) Global electromagnetic spectrum situational awareness. A large amount of information is hidden in electromagnetic spectrum data, so that the characteristic rule of human activities can be effectively reflected. The system can acquire electromagnetic real-time data and historical data of a wide area target for processing, and lays a foundation for spectrum management, interference detection and ionosphere/stratosphere detection and efficient utilization of spectrum resources.
(2) And acquiring and monitoring states of multiple types of users in real time. The wide area coverage characteristics are utilized, information such as flight, ship type, position, navigational speed, heading and the like can be received, wide area internet of things data acquisition can be supported, powerful support can be provided for monitoring and capacity planning of important targets, and meanwhile, a global maritime, air and emergency search and rescue service center can be established by means of the constellation, a foundation is provided for optimizing a maritime air route and guaranteeing navigation and aviation safety, and processing capacity under emergency conditions is improved.
(3) Sparse user communication services. The constellation can fully utilize the coverage capability and characteristics of the constellation, provides nearby access communication services for a minority of high-end users, comprises specific platforms such as a long-endurance unmanned plane, a stratospheric airship, a civil aircraft and the like, and becomes an infrastructure for expanding the communication capability of the country.
Example 3: referring to fig. 3, a flight or ship is disconnected and rescue is performed by means of the system as described in example 1 or 2.
Step 1: the constellation subsystem collects related DCS, ADS-B, AIS signals, search and rescue signals and the like through an uplink and marks time information;
step 2: the satellite in the constellation subsystem transmits the acquired signals back to the ground electromagnetic spectrum data center subsystem through the constellation subsystem networking and the high-speed transmission and routing scheme;
step 3: the electromagnetic spectrum data center subsystem adopts a massive electromagnetic data fusion processing method according to electromagnetic signals and space-time identification to discover the position and state information of the targets of the unconnected flights and ships;
step 4: the short wave subsystem establishes a communication link with the offline airlines and the ships through a forward information distribution method of a short wave tower, and synchronously expands search and rescue.
While the invention has been described in detail in the foregoing general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and improvements can be made thereto. Accordingly, such modifications or improvements may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention and are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (4)
1. The global electromagnetic cooperative sensing constellation system is used for collecting electromagnetic signals sent by various users in VHF-Ka frequency bands, and is characterized by comprising the following components: a constellation subsystem, a short wave subsystem, an electromagnetic spectrum data center subsystem and an operation and maintenance management subsystem;
the constellation subsystem comprises: a plurality of satellites and a plurality of ground stations; the satellite is used for collecting electromagnetic signals radiated by a user and marking relevant space-time information for returning; the ground station is an information relay node of the satellite on the ground and is used for receiving electromagnetic data collected and returned by the satellite and forwarding the data to the electromagnetic spectrum data center subsystem;
the electromagnetic spectrum data center subsystem performs fusion processing on massive electromagnetic data sent by the constellation subsystem, so as to realize global electromagnetic spectrum situation awareness, state acquisition and real-time monitoring functions of multiple types of users; the electromagnetic spectrum data center subsystem comprises: the device comprises a feature extraction unit, a data matching unit, a signal synchronization and separation unit and a fusion processing unit; the characteristic extraction unit acquires characteristic parameters of a plurality of aliasing signals in each electromagnetic segment by adopting a time-frequency analysis means and a wavelet transformation method aiming at each electromagnetic segment of returned electromagnetic data; the data matching unit traverses each geographic grid in a determined time period, determines satellites of the geographic grids covered by the time period, and acquires data acquired by the satellites of the time period as a candidate data set to be analyzed of the satellite coverage area; matching the candidate data sets in each region, and matching the associated data; the signal synchronization and separation unit aligns the matched data acquired by the data matching unit, and separates the aliased information by using a blind source separation technology to acquire the associated signal components; the fusion processing unit performs passive positioning and fusion enhancement on the correlated signal components in the signal synchronization and separation unit;
the short wavelength division system comprises: a plurality of short wave towers; the short wave tower is connected with the electromagnetic spectrum data center subsystem through a ground network; the short wave tower is an information front end and a relay node from the electromagnetic spectrum data center subsystem to a user and is used for providing forward information transmission and distribution service for the user so as to enable the user to acquire information and instructions;
the operation and maintenance management subsystem is used for controlling and managing the operation of the constellation subsystem, the short wave subsystem and the electromagnetic spectrum data center subsystem.
2. The global electromagnetic cooperative sensing constellation system as defined in claim 1, wherein the plurality of satellites in the constellation subsystem are low-orbit satellites equipped with spectrum monitoring load and laser load, and form a walker-delta constellation, the orbit height is distributed between 600km and 800km, the orbit inclination angle is 86 degrees, the antenna beam angle is 60 degrees to 65 degrees, the orbit number is 15, the number of monorail satellites is 9, and the adjacent satellites are connected by adopting laser links.
3. A global electromagnetic co-perception constellation according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the operation and maintenance management subsystem establishes a high speed transmission and routing scheme for the constellation subsystem, the scheme comprising:
s1, acquiring a topological and link state relation between a satellite and a ground station node in the constellation subsystem, and constructing a time expansion diagram;
performing characterization modeling on the time expansion graph to obtain six-tuple G= { V, E, M, T, W, gamma }; wherein: v represents a set of all nodes of the satellite and ground station; e represents a set of data transmission relations among nodes, and is represented by a solid line link; m represents a set of storage relationships among nodes, and is represented by a broken line link; t represents the lifetime of the network; w is a link QoS state parameter time sequence, and represents QoS measurement parameter vectors of links in different subintervals; gamma represents the load condition of the link;
s2, acquiring service parameters and QoS constraint conditions, and sequencing the services according to priority;
s3, sequentially matching network states and service transmission constraints according to service types to obtain transmission paths;
s4, judging whether transmission paths meeting all QoS constraint conditions exist in the network, if so, selecting paths meeting the QoS constraint conditions of the user service to generate a service routing table and forwarding data; otherwise, judging whether the re-planning is needed according to the service type and the priority, if so, re-executing the step 2, adjusting the service sequencing, and if not, removing the service with low priority, generating a routing table of the corresponding service and forwarding data.
4. A global electromagnetic co-perception constellation according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the operation and maintenance management subsystem formulates a forward information distribution scheme of a short wave tower for a user to the short wave subsystem, the scheme comprising:
s1, acquiring a user state and a current working state of a short wave tower in the short wave subsystem, and constructing a bipartite graph matching model D= { I, J, E }; wherein I represents a set of short wave tower, J represents a set of users to be communicated, and E represents a set of relationships between the two;
s2, calculating a relation matrix E between nodes in the short wave tower set I and nodes in the user set J to be communicated;
wherein e i,j Representing the association relation between the ith tower and the jth user, wherein the initial value is defined as 0, the relation is defined by adopting the user satisfaction degree, and the communication distance, the time delay jitter and the idle transmission resource of the tower are taken as indexes for measuring the user satisfaction degree, and each time a term is satisfied, e i,j +1；
S3, matching the bipartite graph by adopting a Hungary algorithm to obtain an optimal matching result, and sending information to a user by the short-wave tower according to a matching relationship.
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| CN113472429A (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2021-10-01 | 中国人民解放军军事科学院国防科技创新研究院 | Distributed satellite system cooperative inter-satellite link spectrum sensing method |
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| CN112532298A (en) * | 2020-11-17 | 2021-03-19 | 南京融星智联信息技术有限公司 | Wireless resource scheduling method and architecture system based on low-earth-orbit constellation satellite communication |
| CN113472429A (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2021-10-01 | 中国人民解放军军事科学院国防科技创新研究院 | Distributed satellite system cooperative inter-satellite link spectrum sensing method |
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