CN116258408A - Index decomposition method, system, equipment and terminal for power grid transmission carbon emission flow - Google Patents
Index decomposition method, system, equipment and terminal for power grid transmission carbon emission flow Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of energy conservation and environmental protection, and discloses an index decomposition method, system, equipment and terminal for transmitting carbon emission flows of a power grid, wherein node carbon emission factors of all nodes are determined according to a node average carbon flow mixing principle; calculating an overall carbon flow rate of the electric power system from the carbon emissions generated by each node consuming the unit amount of electricity; determining whether the total carbon flow rate is greater than a carbon emission response threshold; if the total carbon flow rate is greater than the carbon emission response threshold, calculating a target carbon emission reduction amount for one or more carbon meter users within the carbon emission response period according to the target carbon emission response demand, and initiating a carbon emission response according to the target carbon emission reduction amount. According to the invention, the actual carbon flow of the system is decomposed into the basic carbon flow and the carbon flow correction amount by adopting a network decomposition method, and the two parts of the basic carbon flow and the carbon flow correction amount are respectively calculated, so that the overall carbon flow of the system is ensured to be balanced, the influence of power deviation and fluctuation on the carbon flow distribution is reflected, the principle of fair distribution is embodied, and the method has application value in formulating carbon emission reduction measures and promoting the low-carbon development of electric power.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of energy conservation and environmental protection, and particularly relates to an index decomposition method, system, equipment and terminal for a power grid transmission carbon emission stream.
Background
Currently, carbon emission calculations for electrical power systems mainly include macroscopic statistics and carbon flow analysis. The macro statistics method starts from macro data and performs statistics according to the total energy consumption in a period of time (usually in units of years), and has the advantages of simplicity in calculation, convenience in use, accuracy in results and the like, so that the method is widely applied to carbon emission calculation in a longer time span. However, the method has obvious defects, and is mainly characterized in that the calculation result provided by the macroscopic statistics method has certain hysteresis and is too extensive, microscopic change processes of various carbon indexes cannot be described in detail, and 3 aspects of specific flow direction of carbon emission are difficult to accurately track. The carbon flow analysis method is a carbon flow tracking method based on power distribution, and the basic idea is that on the basis of a tide result, the power distribution in a power grid is determined by utilizing a forward flow or reverse flow tracking algorithm, and then the carbon emission intensity of a unit is combined, so that the carbon emission of a power generation side is fairly distributed to loads of all nodes, power of all branches and network loss, and the accurate tracking and tracing of the specific flow direction of the carbon emission are realized. Compared with a macroscopic statistical method, the carbon flow analysis method clearly reveals the distribution characteristics and the transmission consumption mechanism of carbon flow in the power network while calculating the total carbon emission, thereby greatly promoting the development of various carbon emission analysis and statistical work of the power system.
In carbon flow analysis theory, the low carbon attribute of clean energy is generally represented by a carbon emission intensity index having a value of 0. The index only reflects the physical carbon emission value of clean energy, but cannot reflect the carbon saving effect. Therefore, improvements to the original analysis methods are needed to accurately evaluate the carbon reduction contribution of clean energy.
Network loss is an important factor affecting carbon emissions. The dc-current-based carbon flow calculation method generates a large calculation error in the face of an actual lossy network. For this purpose, a method for calculating a lossy network is proposed, whereby the total network-lossy carbon emissions are distributed to the power plants or to the users. In fact, the power plant is powered by the grid through which the load is powered. If only one party bears the carbon dioxide, the carbon dioxide is unevenly distributed in the network.
The theoretical basis of carbon flow analysis, namely the precondition that the carbon emission flow depends on the power exists, makes the existing carbon flow calculation method unable to distribute other forms of carbon emission, for example, the carbon emission of the thermal power generating unit in the cold and hot starting process cannot be counted into the load side because of 0 power output.
The static carbon flow analysis method fails to take into account additional carbon emission calculations resulting from load, new energy output fluctuations, and predicted deviations. For example, when the partial load demand is greatly increased or the new energy output is drastically reduced relative to the day-ahead plan, so that the unit output with high carbon emission intensity is increased, depending on the original static carbon flow analysis method, the load with unchanged power or small power fluctuation is most likely to be distributed to more carbon emission, so that the fairness principle of 'who pollutes, who administers and who pays' is violated.
Through the above analysis, the problems and defects existing in the prior art are as follows:
(1) The calculation result provided by the macroscopic statistics method has certain hysteresis and is too extensive, so that microscopic change processes of various carbon indexes cannot be described in detail, and the concrete flow direction of carbon emission cannot be accurately tracked.
(2) In the carbon flow analysis theory, the low carbon property of the clean energy is generally represented by a carbon emission intensity index with a value of 0, but only reflects the physical carbon emission value of the clean energy, and cannot reflect the size of the carbon saving effect.
(3) The theoretical basis of the existing carbon flow analysis, namely the precondition that the carbon emission flow exists depending on the power, makes the existing carbon flow calculation method unable to apportion other forms of carbon emission.
(4) The existing static carbon flow analysis method cannot consider the additional carbon emission calculation generated by load, new energy output fluctuation and prediction deviation, so that the fairness principle is violated.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides an index decomposition method, system, equipment and terminal for a power grid transmission carbon emission stream.
The invention is realized in such a way that an index decomposition method of the carbon emission flow transmitted by a power grid comprises the following steps: determining node carbon emission factors of all nodes according to a node average carbon flow mixing principle; calculating an overall carbon flow rate of the electric power system from the carbon emissions generated by each node consuming the unit amount of electricity; determining whether the total carbon flow rate is greater than a carbon emission response threshold; if the total carbon flow rate is greater than the carbon emission response threshold, calculating a target carbon emission reduction amount for one or more carbon meter users within the carbon emission response period based on the target carbon emission response demand, and initiating a carbon emission response based on the target carbon emission reduction amount.
Further, the node carbon emission factor is an indirect carbon emission corresponding to the node electricity consumption unit.
Further, the carbon flow rate is derived from the carbon emission flow of each node.
Further, the calculation formula of the carbon flow rate is:
wherein i is a node; e, e i The carbon potential of the ith system node, i=1, 2, …, N; n is the total carbon table user number; r is R i The carbon flow rate for carbon meter user i is defined as the amount of carbon emissions consumed by the carbon meter user as energy is consumed per unit time in kgCO 2 /h。
Further, the index decomposition method of the power grid transmission carbon emission flow comprises the following steps:
step one, calculating alternating current power flow and determining a power network;
step two, respectively carrying out forward flow power flow tracking and backward flow power flow tracking according to the power network; determining load bearing network loss according to forward flow load flow tracking, and determining power supply bearing network loss according to reverse flow load flow tracking;
and thirdly, calculating direct current power flow, carrying out countercurrent power flow tracking, and finally calculating the carbon flow rate.
Further, the calculating of the alternating current power flow specifically includes adopting a branch-and-bound algorithm to solve the main problem to obtain an optimal solution of the main problem; solving the sub-problem based on an interior point method; if the sub-problem is feasible, obtaining an optimal solution of the alternating current tide unit combination; if the sub-problem is not feasible, establishing a relaxation sub-problem of the alternating current power flow unit combination based on the fixed integer variable; constructing a Benders cut constraint from the relaxer problem; the Benders cut constraint is added to the master problem and solved iteratively again.
And further, the counter-current power flow tracking obtains the network loss for tracking and determining load bearing through statistics of regional information, line conversion and direct current line processing, regional megawatt kilometers calculation and regional network fee calculation.
Further, the renewable energy source in the third step is processed according to the load, and the renewable energy source is specifically provided with a data acquisition module, which is configured to acquire time series historical data of the energy source load, and according to the content and the requirement of the load, the relevant historical data needs to be collected widely, wherein the renewable energy source also comprises main historical data of air temperature, precipitation and the like which influence the load, and the data is arranged and analyzed; and the preprocessing module is configured to preprocess the time series historical data to obtain a training data set and a test data set.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an index decomposition system for a power grid transmission carbon emission stream, applying the index decomposition method for a power grid transmission carbon emission stream, the index decomposition system for a power grid transmission carbon emission stream comprising:
the node carbon emission factor determining module is used for determining the node carbon emission factors of all the nodes according to the node average carbon flow mixing principle;
a power system total carbon flow rate calculation module for calculating a total carbon flow rate of the power system from carbon emissions generated by each node consuming a unit amount of electricity;
the target carbon emission reduction calculation module is used for judging whether the total carbon flow rate is greater than a carbon emission response threshold; if the total carbon flow rate is greater than the carbon emission response threshold, calculating a target carbon reduction amount for one or more carbon meter users within the carbon emission response period based on the target carbon emission response demand and initiating a carbon emission response.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a computer device, which includes a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the computer program when executed by the processor causes the processor to execute the steps of the method for decomposing the index of the grid-transmitted carbon emission stream.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a computer readable storage medium storing a computer program which, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to perform the steps of the method for decomposing an index of a grid-transmitted carbon emission stream.
The invention further aims to provide an information data processing terminal which is used for realizing the index decomposition system of the power grid transmission carbon emission flow.
In combination with the technical scheme and the technical problems to be solved, the technical scheme to be protected has the following advantages and positive effects:
first, aiming at the technical problems in the prior art and the difficulty of solving the problems, the technical problems solved by the technical proposal of the invention are analyzed in detail and deeply by tightly combining the technical proposal to be protected, the results and data in the research and development process, and the like, and some technical effects brought after the problems are solved have creative technical effects. The specific description is as follows:
in the field of low-carbon technology, the related technology needs to be improved on the basis of the existing demand-side response technology. The invention provides a carbon emission system based on carbon emission flow, which is based on the existing demand side response technology, combines the carbon emission flow technology, provides a carbon emission response technology, calculates the carbon dioxide emission reduction amount after the demand side response, and provides a set of response flow and system in the carbon emission response.
According to the index decomposition method for the power grid transmission carbon emission flow, which is provided by the invention, the index decomposition method for the power grid transmission carbon emission flow which considers the bidirectional allocation of the grid loss can also allocate the grid loss carbon emission to the power generation side and the user side in proportion while improving the accuracy of carbon flow analysis, so that the flexibility and the adaptability of carbon flow allocation are obviously enhanced. Meanwhile, the invention adopts a network decomposition method to decompose the actual carbon flow of the system into two parts of basic carbon flow and carbon flow correction quantity for calculation respectively, thereby ensuring the overall carbon flow balance of the system on one hand and reflecting the influence of power deviation and fluctuation on the carbon flow distribution on the other hand, so as to embody the principle of fair distribution.
Secondly, the technical scheme is regarded as a whole or from the perspective of products, and the technical scheme to be protected has the following technical effects and advantages:
the invention can accurately evaluate the carbon reduction contribution of the new energy unit to the system, reasonably divide the carbon emission responsibilities of different subjects, and has certain application value for formulating carbon emission reduction measures and promoting the low-carbon development of electric power.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flowchart of an index decomposition method for a power grid transmission carbon emission flow provided by an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a carbon emission flow of an electrical power system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of carbon flow calculation provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides an index decomposition method, an index decomposition system, index decomposition equipment and an index decomposition terminal for a power grid transmission carbon emission stream, and the invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
1. The embodiments are explained. In order to fully understand how the invention may be embodied by those skilled in the art, this section is an illustrative embodiment in which the claims are presented for purposes of illustration.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for decomposing the index of the power grid transmission carbon emission stream provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
s101, determining node carbon emission factors of all nodes according to a node average carbon flow mixing principle;
s102, calculating the total carbon flow rate of the electric power system by the carbon emission amount generated by the consumption unit electric quantity of each node;
s103, judging whether the total carbon flow rate is larger than a carbon emission response threshold, if so, calculating a target carbon emission reduction amount and starting a carbon emission response.
The carbon emission flow schematic diagram of the power system provided by the embodiment of the invention is shown in fig. 2.
As a preferred embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the method for decomposing the index of the power grid transmission carbon emission stream provided by the embodiment of the invention specifically includes the following steps: determining node carbon emission factors of all nodes according to a node average carbon flow mixing principle; calculating an overall carbon flow rate of the electric power system from the carbon emissions generated by each node consuming the unit amount of electricity; determining whether the total carbon flow rate is greater than a carbon emission response threshold; if the total carbon flow rate is greater than the carbon emission response threshold, calculating a target carbon emission reduction amount for one or more carbon meter users within the carbon emission response period based on the target carbon emission response demand, and initiating a carbon emission response based on the target carbon emission reduction amount.
The node carbon emission factor provided by the embodiment of the invention is the indirect carbon emission corresponding to the node consumption unit electric quantity; the carbon flow rate is obtained from the carbon emission flow of each node, and the calculation formula of the carbon flow rate is:
wherein i is a node; e, e i The carbon potential of the ith system node, i=1, 2, …, N; n is the total carbon table user number; r is R i The carbon flow rate for carbon meter user i is defined as the amount of carbon emissions consumed by the carbon meter user as energy is consumed per unit time in kgCO 2 /h。
The index decomposition system for the power grid transmission carbon emission flow provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following components:
the node carbon emission factor determining module is used for determining the node carbon emission factors of all the nodes according to the node average carbon flow mixing principle;
a power system total carbon flow rate calculation module for calculating a total carbon flow rate of the power system from carbon emissions generated by each node consuming a unit amount of electricity;
the target carbon emission reduction calculation module is used for judging whether the total carbon flow rate is greater than a carbon emission response threshold; if the total carbon flow rate is greater than the carbon emission response threshold, calculating a target carbon reduction amount for one or more carbon meter users within the carbon emission response period based on the target carbon emission response demand and initiating a carbon emission response.
Calculating alternating current power flow specifically, solving the main problem by adopting a branch-and-bound algorithm to obtain an optimal solution of the main problem; solving the sub-problem based on an interior point method; if the sub-problem is feasible, obtaining an optimal solution of the alternating current tide unit combination; if the sub-problem is not feasible, establishing a relaxation sub-problem of the alternating current power flow unit combination based on the fixed integer variable; constructing a Benders cut constraint from the relaxer problem; the Benders cut constraint is added to the master problem and solved iteratively again.
The counter-current power flow tracking obtains the network loss for tracking and determining load bearing through statistics of regional information, line conversion and direct current line processing, regional megawatt kilometers calculation and regional network fee calculation.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a computer device, which includes a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and the computer program when executed by the processor causes the processor to execute the steps of the method for decomposing the index of the grid-transmitted carbon emission stream.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a computer readable storage medium storing a computer program which, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to perform the steps of the method for decomposing an index of a grid-transmitted carbon emission stream.
The invention further aims to provide an information data processing terminal which is used for realizing the index decomposition system of the power grid transmission carbon emission flow.
2. Application example. In order to prove the inventive and technical value of the technical solution of the present invention, this section is an application example on specific products or related technologies of the claim technical solution.
The index decomposition method, system, equipment and terminal for the power grid transmission carbon emission flow are applied to the power grid transmission carbon emission flow or the index decomposition system of the power grid transmission carbon emission flow in a cross-provincial area.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of specific embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the invention is not limited thereto, but any modifications, equivalents, improvements and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An index decomposition method of a power grid transmission carbon emission stream is characterized by comprising the following steps of: determining node carbon emission factors of all nodes according to a node average carbon flow mixing principle; calculating an overall carbon flow rate of the electric power system from the carbon emissions generated by each node consuming the unit amount of electricity; determining whether the total carbon flow rate is greater than a carbon emission response threshold; if the total carbon flow rate is greater than the carbon emission response threshold, calculating a target carbon emission reduction amount for one or more carbon meter users within the carbon emission response period based on the target carbon emission response demand, and initiating a carbon emission response based on the target carbon emission reduction amount.
2. The method for decomposing an index of a power grid transmission carbon emission stream according to claim 1, wherein the node carbon emission factor is an indirect carbon emission amount corresponding to a node consumption unit amount.
3. The method of index resolution of grid transmitted carbon emission flows as recited in claim 1, wherein the carbon flow rate is derived from the carbon emission flow of each node.
4. The method for decomposing an index of a power grid transmitted carbon emission stream as claimed in claim 1, wherein the calculation formula of the carbon flow rate is:
wherein i is a node; e, e i The carbon potential of the ith system node, i=1, 2, …, N; n is the total carbon table user number; r is R i The carbon flow rate for carbon meter user i is defined as the amount of carbon emissions consumed by the carbon meter user as energy is consumed per unit time in kgCO 2 /h。
5. The method for decomposing the index of the power grid transmission carbon emission stream according to claim 1, wherein the method for decomposing the index of the power grid transmission carbon emission stream comprises the steps of:
step one, calculating alternating current power flow and determining a power network;
step two, respectively carrying out forward flow power flow tracking and backward flow power flow tracking according to the power network; determining load bearing network loss according to forward flow load flow tracking, and determining power supply bearing network loss according to reverse flow load flow tracking;
calculating direct current power flow, carrying out countercurrent power flow tracking, and finally calculating the carbon flow rate;
the method comprises the steps of calculating alternating current power flow, specifically, solving the main problem by adopting a branch-and-bound algorithm to obtain an optimal solution of the main problem; solving the sub-problem based on an interior point method; if the sub-problem is feasible, obtaining an optimal solution of the alternating current tide unit combination; if the sub-problem is not feasible, establishing a relaxation sub-problem of the alternating current power flow unit combination based on the fixed integer variable; constructing a Benders cut constraint from the relaxer problem; adding a Benders cut constraint to the main problem for iterative solution again;
the countercurrent flow tracking obtains the network loss for tracking and determining load bearing through statistics of regional information, line conversion and direct current line processing, regional megawatt kilometers calculation and regional network fee calculation.
6. The method for decomposing the index of the power grid transmission carbon emission stream according to claim 5, wherein the renewable energy source in the third step is processed according to load, and specifically, a data acquisition module is provided and configured to acquire time series historical data of energy load, wherein according to the content and the requirement of the load, relevant historical data are required to be collected widely, and the data comprise main historical data affecting the load such as air temperature, precipitation and the like, and the data are arranged and analyzed; and the preprocessing module is configured to preprocess the time series historical data to obtain a training data set and a test data set.
7. An index decomposition system of a power grid transmission carbon emission stream applying the index decomposition method of a power grid transmission carbon emission stream according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the index decomposition system of a power grid transmission carbon emission stream comprises:
the node carbon emission factor determining module is used for determining the node carbon emission factors of all the nodes according to the node average carbon flow mixing principle;
a power system total carbon flow rate calculation module for calculating a total carbon flow rate of the power system from carbon emissions generated by each node consuming a unit amount of electricity;
the target carbon emission reduction calculation module is used for judging whether the total carbon flow rate is greater than a carbon emission response threshold; if the total carbon flow rate is greater than the carbon emission response threshold, calculating a target carbon reduction amount for one or more carbon meter users within the carbon emission response period based on the target carbon emission response demand and initiating a carbon emission response.
8. A computer device comprising a memory and a processor, the memory storing a computer program which, when executed by the processor, causes the processor to perform the steps of the method of index resolution of a grid-transmitted carbon emission stream as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6.
9. A computer readable storage medium storing a computer program which, when executed by a processor, causes the processor to perform the steps of the method for index resolution of a grid transport carbon emission stream according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
10. An information data processing terminal for implementing the index resolution system for grid-transmitted carbon emission flows according to claim 7.
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