CN116255357B - Active inhibition method for resonance of EC fan - Google Patents
Active inhibition method for resonance of EC fan Download PDFInfo
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- CN116255357B CN116255357B CN202310546243.4A CN202310546243A CN116255357B CN 116255357 B CN116255357 B CN 116255357B CN 202310546243 A CN202310546243 A CN 202310546243A CN 116255357 B CN116255357 B CN 116255357B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04D27/004—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids by varying driving speed
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04D27/001—Testing thereof; Determination or simulation of flow characteristics; Stall or surge detection, e.g. condition monitoring
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating
Abstract
The invention discloses an active inhibition method for EC fan resonance, which comprises a vibration measurement module and a fan controller. When the fan is started, the fan controller reads vibration data from the vibration measurement module at certain time intervals, and vibration response data A of the resonance rotating speed, excitation order and resonance of the fan are obtained through analysis; and determining a resonance mode and excitation order data B which are harmful to the fan structure according to analysis data in a product development stage, and comparing the data A and the data B to obtain dangerous resonance to be avoided and resonance rotating speed data C thereof. The invention can accurately measure the resonance rotating speed data of the fan product and control the fan to accurately avoid, thereby ensuring that the fan operates stably and has small vibration and prolonging the service life of the fan.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fan control, in particular to an active inhibition method for EC fan resonance.
Background
The EC fan can realize accurate rotation speed control, has the characteristics of compact structure, energy conservation and high efficiency, and also has the functions of stepless speed regulation, communication, feedback and the like, so that the EC fan is widely applied to the fields of industrial equipment, refrigeration ventilation and the like. When the exciting force frequencies such as unbalanced load of the rotor, wake of impeller airflow, electromagnetic driving force of the motor and the like are close to the natural frequency of the fan structure, the fan can generate resonance phenomenon, and vibration is obviously increased. The ventilator resonance can lead to fastener pine to take off, structural fatigue fracture scheduling problem, especially can lead to the bearing to appear damaging, shorten the life of fan, lead to serious economic loss.
In order to reduce the vibration response and reduce the resonance hazard, 1) changing the excitation frequency of the excitation source or reducing the excitation force; 2) Changing the natural frequency of the structure; 3) The damping of the vibration system is increased. The change of exciting force frequency or the change of natural frequency of a structure is based on accurate natural frequency of the structure, but the frequency dispersion degree caused by production and manufacturing factors, particularly the natural frequency of the ventilator after being arranged on different client units, can be greatly deviated due to the influence of the installation rigidity, and in addition, due to the wide working rotating speed range of the EC fan, a plurality of resonance modes exist, and the resonance frequencies are difficult to completely tune out of the working rotating speed range due to the limitation of cost and the like. Therefore, the prior art schemes such as chinese patent CN114893451a and chinese patent CN115422760a adopt a method of adding additional vibration damping structure to change the natural frequency of the vibration system and increase the damping of the vibration system, but this method not only increases the complexity of the structure, but also may not play a role in vibration damping effect or even play the opposite role if the vibration damping structure is improperly designed or lack of adequate understanding of vibration due to the high requirements of the vibration damping design on the technical theoretical knowledge.
Because ventilators are intended to be used on different customer devices, there is a need for ventilators that do not rely on additional damping structures to achieve active resonance suppression. Chinese patent CN115388027 a measures the amplitude and phase of a fan at a series of rotational speeds, and suppresses resonance at a certain rotational speed by switching the type of current (sine, triangle and square waveforms) input to the fan. The technical scheme has the following problems:
the motor can output torque, namely, the torque is generated between the stator and the rotor under the action of a magnetic field; the vibration mode of the fan with the greatest harm is that a) the fan integrally vibrates axially, b) the motor and the impeller rotate and fly to chair type conical swing by taking the axis of the fan as the center. The two modes are mainly due to unbalance of the rotor, vibration of the fan is excited under the action of centrifugal force, and exciting force is axial force and radial force. According to the method, the torque output by the motor can be regulated, and the output is circumferential force, so that resonance of the two dangerous modes cannot be inhibited;
the exciting force for inducing the fan resonance comprises an internal exciting force and an external exciting force, wherein the internal exciting force mainly comprises: rotor unbalance mass, airflow wake of the impeller, electromagnetic driving force of the motor, etc. The technical scheme can have a certain effect on resonance caused by electromagnetic excitation, but the vibration suppression current has a larger influence on the normal output of the motor, and the motor can be realized only by a complex control algorithm. For the resonance of the fan excited by unbalanced rotor mass, impeller airflow wake and the like, the scheme can not change the magnitude of exciting force and the frequency of the exciting force, but can not change the damping and frequency response characteristics of the fan.
In view of the foregoing, in order to reduce the damage of vibration to the blower, a new vibration suppression method capable of suppressing the critical dangerous modes is required.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention designs the active inhibition method for the resonance of the EC fan, which can actively regulate the working rotation speed of the fan and accurately avoid the resonance rotation speed, thereby keeping the fan to run in a stable state and prolonging the service life.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the active inhibition method of the EC fan resonance comprises a vibration measurement module and a fan controller, wherein the active inhibition method comprises the following steps:
s1, when a fan is started, a fan controller reads vibration data from a vibration measurement module at certain time intervals, and vibration response data A of the fan at resonance speed, excitation order and resonance are obtained through analysis; determining a resonance mode and excitation order data B with great harm to a fan structure according to analysis data of a product development stage, and comparing the data A and the data B to obtain dangerous resonance to be avoided and resonance rotating speed data C thereof;
s2, feeding back resonance rotation speed data C to a fan controller, adjusting and controlling the working rotation speed of the fan by the fan controller according to the resonance rotation speed data C, and adjusting the fan to the resonance rotation speed R when a speed adjusting signal requires the fan to adjust the speed 1 When the fan works, the fan controller controls the working rotating speed of the fan to be R 1 +△R 1 Thereby avoiding resonance, deltaR 1 Is the rotational speed avoidance amount;
s3, when the speed regulating signal requires the fan to regulate the speed to the resonance rotating speed R 2 R in the vicinity 2 When the position of the rotation speed of delta R is working, the fan controller controls the working rotation speed of the fan to be R 2 +△R 2 ，|△R|≤|△R 2 I, thereby avoiding resonance, Δr 2 Is the rotational speed avoidance amount;
s4, when the speed regulating signal requires the fan to regulate the speed to the non-resonance rotating speed R 3 When the fan works, the fan controller controls the working rotating speed of the fan to be R 3 。
Preferably, in step S1, when the fan is started, the fan controller reads vibration data from the vibration measurement module at a certain time interval, and the detailed steps of obtaining the resonance rotation speed, the excitation order and the vibration response data a of the fan during resonance through analysis are as follows:
a1, when the fan is started, the fan is electrified, the EC fan receives a starting signal, the fan controller controls the fan to start according to a preset program,the time is recorded as T 0 ；
A2, the fan controller reads first frame vibration data from the vibration measurement module, wherein the frame length is as followstThe sampling rate isfThe sampling end time is T 0 +t；
A3, after FFT, analyzing the obtained vibration data, obtaining vibration frequency, vibration peak value and frequency multiplication signal with larger vibration response, and storing the vibration frequency, vibration peak value and frequency multiplication signal and the frequency domain signal obtained by FFT in a controller; immediately starting to read the second frame vibration data after the first frame sampling is finished;
a4, repeating the step A3, and sampling and analyzing frame by frame until the rotating speed of the fan reaches the maximum rotating speed;
a5, determining the effective range of the resonant frequency of the ventilator as [ according to the test data of the product development stage ]f L ，f R ]Namely solving the domain of the resonance frequency of the fan under the actual use condition; after the previous step of operation is finished, the fan controller stores a frequency spectrum signal, namely a frequency-time-vibration response signal, from the start of the fan to the maximum rotation speed of the fan, the frequency-time-vibration response signal can be converted into two-dimensional data according to a certain time interval and a certain frequency interval, and the resonant rotation speed, the excitation order and the vibration response data A of the fan can be obtained by analyzing the rule of vibration response along with the change of the frequency and the time by adopting a traversal method.
Preferably, in steps S2 and S3, ΔR 1 And DeltaR 2 The determining steps of (a) are as follows: in the product development stage, the fan is subjected to vibration characteristic test, and when the fan runs at the resonance rotation speed of a certain resonance mode, the rotation speed of the fan is recorded as R 0 The resonance mode corresponds to the resonance mode at the resonance speed R1 in the step S2, and the vibration response of the fan is larger and exceeds the threshold A 0 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Slowly regulating the rotating speed of the fan to R 0 +△R 0 And stably operates for 1min, and the vibration response effective value of the fan is in the threshold A 0 A vicinity; continuously adjusting the rotating speed of the fan to R 0 +△R 1 And stably operates for 1min, and the vibration response of the fan is kA 0 Recording vibration mode, excitation order and delta R of fan 1 Where k is a safety factor, and is the same asDetermining DeltaR 2 。
Preferably, the method comprisest＜0.2s。
Preferably, the vibration measuring module is an acceleration sensor.
Preferably, the vibration measurement module is integrated on a fan controller of the EC fan, and comprises a vibration sensor or a reserved sensor interface. So as to be connected with an external sensor.
Preferably, the step S1 is executed only when the fan is first operated and used, and the resonance rotation speed data C is stored in the fan controller; or periodically at set time intervals. In order to take into account the effect of the ageing of the fan product.
Instead, some embodiments of the present invention measure vibration response values of the blower in different resonance modes, and adjust the startup mode of the blower: firstly, executing the step S1 to obtain resonance rotation speed data C, and then adjusting the fan to resonance rotation speed R 1 After the fan is stably operated for 30 seconds, the fan controller reads vibration data A from the vibration measurement module 1 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Then the speed is regulated to the next resonance rotating speed R 2 And repeating the operation steps.
The invention is different from the prior art in that:
1. in the prior art, at least 2 sensors are needed to measure the phase of the resonance of the fan, and the installation positions of the sensors have strict requirements; compared with the prior art, the sensor provided by the invention has the advantages that the measured data is reduced, the resonance rotating speed data of the fan can be accurately measured by only one sensor, and even the sensor is not needed, and the sensor is connected with an external sensor through a reserved interface;
2. the principle of vibration prevention is clearer and the effect is better. In the prior art, attempts are made to infer the type of current which causes the resonance of the fan, and the current with the same amplitude and opposite phase is applied to inhibit the resonance, so that the effect is uncontrollable, and particularly the resonance modes such as axial vibration and the like which are harmful to the fan cannot be inhibited; the invention controls the fan to accurately avoid the resonance rotating speed, adjusts the exciting force frequency, can realize good effects on various dangerous resonance modes and is easy to implement.
3. The current type of the motor is required to be regulated, the complexity of a control algorithm is increased, and the control algorithm is not changed, so that the control target (rotating speed) is regulated, the method is simpler and easier to realize, and better robustness can be realized.
4. In the past, the frequency modulation mode is designed by simply relying on a structure, and the frequency modulation failure is often caused by the change of the natural frequency of the fan after the fan is installed on user equipment; the technical scheme of the invention can accurately measure the resonance rotating speed of the fan after being arranged on different user equipment, and ensures the vibration-proof effect.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: the frequency dispersion due to production and manufacturing factors, in particular, the natural frequency of the ventilator after being installed on different client groups can be greatly shifted due to the influence of the installation rigidity, so that a plurality of resonance points can exist in the working rotation speed interval of the EC fan. The invention can accurately measure the resonance rotating speed data of the fan product and control the fan to accurately avoid, thereby ensuring that the fan operates stably and has small vibration and prolonging the service life of the fan.
Description of the embodiments
The technical scheme of the invention is further specifically described by the following specific embodiments:
examples: the active inhibition method of the EC fan resonance comprises a vibration measurement module and a fan controller, wherein the active inhibition method comprises the following steps:
1. when the fan is started, the fan is electrified, the EC fan receives a starting signal, the fan controller controls the fan to start according to a preset program, and the time is recorded as T 0 ；
2. The fan controller reads first frame vibration data from the vibration measurement module, wherein the frame length is as followstThe sampling rate isfThe sampling end time is T 0 +tThe method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the In some embodiments, to be able to obtain the vibration velocity signal from the acceleration sensor, the sampled data needs to be integrated; if not illustrated, the "sampling" process of this patent already involves the necessary operations of integration, differentiation, etc.; in order to avoid the influence of excessive rotation speed on the spectrum analysis result in the sampling process, the frame length istShould be as much as possibleSmall, desirablet＜0.2s；
3. After FFT (fast Fourier transform) is carried out on the obtained vibration data, vibration frequency, vibration peak value and frequency multiplication signal (frequency multiplication signal) with larger vibration response can be obtained after analysis, and the vibration frequency, the vibration peak value and the frequency multiplication signal (rotating speed signal) are stored in the controller together with the frequency domain signal obtained by FFT; immediately starting to read the second frame vibration data after the first frame sampling is finished;
4. repeating the step 3, sampling and analyzing frame by frame until the rotating speed of the fan reaches the maximum rotating speed;
5. from the test data of the product development stage, the effective range of the resonance frequency of the ventilator is determined to be [f L ，f R ]Namely solving the domain of the resonance frequency of the fan under the actual use condition; after the previous operation is completed, the controller already stores the frequency spectrum signal, i.e. frequency-time-vibration response signal, from the start of fan start to the maximum rotation speed of fan, at certain time intervals (frame length ist) Frequency interval (get)fSpecified by a program algorithm) is converted into two-dimensional data, and a traversing method is adopted to analyze the rule of vibration response along with the change of frequency and time, so that the resonance rotating speed, excitation order and vibration response data of the fan during resonance can be obtained;
6. according to analysis data of a product development stage, the resonance mode and excitation order data with great harm to a fan structure are determined, and some resonance frequencies are greatly influenced by installation rigidity and can be provided with a rough frequency range; comparing the analysis data with the resonance rotating speed and the excitation order obtained by analysis in the step 5 to obtain dangerous resonance to be avoided and the resonance rotating speed thereof, and storing the dangerous resonance and the resonance rotating speed thereof in a fan controller;
7. when the fan receives the control signal, the fan is required to be at a certain resonance rotation speed R 1 R in the vicinity 1 The rotation speed of the motor is equal to or less than delta R 1 I) the controller controls the fan to rotate at the speed R 1 +△R 1 Run, wherein DeltaR 1 Is a resonance avoidance amount; according to the control mode, the fan is ensured to stably run in a rotating speed section with smaller vibration;
8、△R 1 is determined by: in the product development stage, the fan is subjected to vibration characteristic test, and when the fan runs at a certain resonance rotating speed, the rotating speed of the fan is recorded as R 0 At the moment, the vibration response of the fan is larger and exceeds the threshold A 0 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Slowly regulating the rotating speed of the fan to R 0 +△R 0 And stably operates for 1min, and the vibration response effective value of the fan is in the threshold A 0 A vicinity; continuously adjusting the rotating speed of the fan to R 0 +△R 1 And stably operates for 1min, and the vibration response of the fan is kA 0 Recording vibration mode, excitation order and delta R of fan 1 Wherein k is a safety factor;
9. the steps 1-6 above need only be performed once and later stored in the controller; or may be periodically performed at set time intervals to take into account the effects of product aging.
Through the steps, the resonance frequency and the resonance rotating speed of the EC fan after being installed on the client equipment can be accurately measured, so that the resonance rotating speed is accurately avoided, and the purpose of actively restraining resonance is achieved.
In order to ensure that the ventilator can realize the best performance, the structure of the ventilator is firstly designed in an optimized way before the technical scheme of the invention is applied. The aim of the frequency modulation optimization is to ensure that the most common working speed section of the fan does not resonate or reduce the number of resonance points as much as possible, in particular resonance frequencies which do not change with the mounting rigidity of the fan. The invention avoids the resonance rotating speed and cannot replace the frequency modulation optimization work in the design stage.
The above-described embodiment is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not limited in any way, and other variations and modifications may be made without departing from the technical aspects set forth in the claims.
Claims (8)
1. The active inhibition method of the EC fan resonance is characterized by comprising a vibration measurement module and a fan controller, and comprises the following steps:
s1, when a fan is started, a fan controller reads vibration data from a vibration measurement module at certain time intervals, and vibration response data A of the fan at resonance speed, excitation order and resonance are obtained through analysis; determining a resonance mode and excitation order data B with great harm to a fan structure according to analysis data of a product development stage, and comparing the data A and the data B to obtain dangerous resonance to be avoided and resonance rotating speed data C thereof;
s2, feeding back resonance rotation speed data C to a fan controller, adjusting and controlling the working rotation speed of the fan by the fan controller according to the resonance rotation speed data C, and adjusting the fan to the resonance rotation speed R when a speed adjusting signal requires the fan to adjust the speed 1 When the fan works, the fan controller controls the working rotating speed of the fan to be R 1 +△R 1 Thereby avoiding resonance, deltaR 1 Is the rotational speed avoidance amount;
s3, when the speed regulating signal requires the fan to regulate the speed to the resonance rotating speed R 2 R in the vicinity 2 When the position of the rotation speed of delta R is working, the fan controller controls the working rotation speed of the fan to be R 2 +△R 2 Wherein DeltaR is less than or equal to DeltaR 2 I, thereby avoiding resonance, Δr 2 Is the rotational speed avoidance amount;
s4, when the speed regulating signal requires the fan to regulate the speed to the non-resonance rotating speed R 3 When the fan works, the fan controller controls the working rotating speed of the fan to be R 3 。
2. The method for actively suppressing resonance of an EC fan according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, when the fan is started, the fan controller reads vibration data from the vibration measurement module at a certain time interval, and the detailed steps of obtaining the resonance rotation speed, the excitation order and the vibration response data a of the fan during resonance through analysis are as follows:
a1, when the fan is started, the fan is electrified, the EC fan receives a starting signal, the fan controller controls the fan to start according to a preset program, and the time is recorded as T 0 ；
A2, the fan controller reads first frame vibration data from the vibration measurement module, wherein the frame length is as followstThe sampling rate isfThe sampling end time is T 0 +t；
A3, after FFT, analyzing the obtained vibration data, obtaining vibration frequency, vibration peak value and frequency multiplication signal with larger vibration response, and storing the vibration frequency, vibration peak value and frequency multiplication signal and the frequency domain signal obtained by FFT in a controller; immediately starting to read the second frame vibration data after the first frame sampling is finished;
a4, repeating the step A3, and sampling and analyzing frame by frame until the rotating speed of the fan reaches the maximum rotating speed;
a5, determining the effective range of the resonant frequency of the ventilator as [ according to the test data of the product development stage ]f L ，f R ]Namely solving the domain of the resonance frequency of the fan under the actual use condition; after the previous step of operation is finished, the fan controller stores a frequency spectrum signal, namely a frequency-time-vibration response signal, from the start of the fan to the maximum rotation speed of the fan, the frequency-time-vibration response signal can be converted into two-dimensional data according to a certain time interval and a certain frequency interval, and the resonant rotation speed, the excitation order and the vibration response data A of the fan can be obtained by analyzing the rule of vibration response along with the change of the frequency and the time by adopting a traversal method.
3. The method for actively suppressing resonance of an EC blower according to claim 1, wherein Δr in steps S2 and S3 1 And DeltaR 2 The determining steps of (a) are as follows: in the product development stage, the fan is subjected to vibration characteristic test, and when the fan runs at the resonance rotation speed of a certain resonance mode, the rotation speed of the fan is recorded as R 0 The resonance mode corresponds to the resonance mode at the resonance speed R1 in the step S2, and the vibration response of the fan is larger and exceeds the threshold A 0 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Slowly regulating the rotating speed of the fan to R 0 +△R 0 And stably operates for 1min, and the vibration response effective value of the fan is in the threshold A 0 A vicinity; continuously adjusting the rotating speed of the fan to R 0 +△R 1 And stably operates for 1min, and the vibration response of the fan is kA 0 Recording vibration mode, excitation order and delta R of fan 1 Wherein k is a safety factor, and DeltaR is determined by the same method 2 。
4. The method for actively suppressing resonance of an EC fan as set forth in claim 2, wherein said method comprisest＜0.2s。
5. The method for actively suppressing resonance of an EC blower according to claim 1, wherein the vibration measurement module is an acceleration sensor.
6. A method of actively suppressing resonance in an EC fan according to claim 3, wherein said safety factor k <1.
7. The method for actively suppressing resonance of an EC blower according to claim 1, wherein the vibration measurement module is integrated on a blower controller of the EC blower, and comprises a vibration sensor or a reserved sensor interface.
8. The method for actively suppressing resonance of an EC fan according to claim 1, wherein step S1 is performed only when the fan is first operated and used, and resonance rotation speed data C is stored in the fan controller; or periodically at set time intervals.
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| US20060198744A1 (en) * | 2005-03-03 | 2006-09-07 | Carrier Corporation | Skipping frequencies for variable speed controls |
| CN104344535B (en) * | 2013-08-02 | 2017-01-25 | 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 | Method and device for adaptively adjusting frequency of conditioner motor and air conditioner |
| CN108386973A (en) * | 2018-03-05 | 2018-08-10 | 奥克斯空调股份有限公司 | Outdoor machine of air-conditioner control method and device |
| CN108590956A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-09-28 | 国电联合动力技术有限公司 | A kind of Wind turbines tower resonance evacuation traversing control method and Wind turbines |
| CN111207915A (en) * | 2019-12-29 | 2020-05-29 | 苏州浪潮智能科技有限公司 | Test method and system for resonance avoidance tuning |
| CN111271849A (en) * | 2020-02-12 | 2020-06-12 | 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 | Fan control method, air conditioner and computer readable storage medium |
| CN115289041A (en) * | 2022-07-29 | 2022-11-04 | 联想(北京)信息技术有限公司 | Fan control method and device and electronic equipment |
| CN115388027A (en) * | 2022-08-11 | 2022-11-25 | 杭州洲钜电子科技有限公司 | Control method and device for eliminating fan resonance |
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