CN116247249A - Control method for fuel cell system, and storage medium - Google Patents
Control method for fuel cell system, and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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- CN116247249A CN116247249A CN202211643260.1A CN202211643260A CN116247249A CN 116247249 A CN116247249 A CN 116247249A CN 202211643260 A CN202211643260 A CN 202211643260A CN 116247249 A CN116247249 A CN 116247249A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04694—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by variables to be controlled
- H01M8/04858—Electric variables
- H01M8/04925—Power, energy, capacity or load
- H01M8/04932—Power, energy, capacity or load of the individual fuel cell
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04223—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells
- H01M8/04225—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids during start-up or shut-down; Depolarisation or activation, e.g. purging; Means for short-circuiting defective fuel cells during start-up
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/043—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods
- H01M8/04302—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems applied during specific periods applied during start-up
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a control method of a fuel cell system, a fuel cell system and a storage medium. The fuel cell system includes at least two fuel cell units, and the control method includes: acquiring required power and the performance state of each fuel cell unit operated last time; determining the starting sequence of the fuel cell unit according to the required power and the performance state; and starting the fuel cell units in turn according to the starting sequence until the sum of the output powers of all the started fuel cell units reaches the required power. According to the invention, the fuel cell monomer is started according to the required power and the performance state of the last operation of the fuel cell monomer, so that on one hand, the performance of the fuel cell monomer with abnormal performance state can be recovered, the risk of the fuel cell system in the power supply process is avoided, on the other hand, the required power is met by the minimum quantity principle, the starting quantity of the fuel cell monomer is reduced, the operation time of the fuel cell monomer is shortened, and the service life of the fuel cell monomer is prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the technical field of fuel cell systems, and more particularly to a control method of a fuel cell system, and a medium.
Background
The fuel cell system comprises a plurality of fuel cell units, when the fuel cell system supplies power to the equipment, the conventional method is to control all the fuel cell units of the fuel cell system to be started, and then uniformly distributing the output power of each fuel cell unit through the required power of the equipment, so that the accumulated running time of the fuel cell units is too long, and the service life of each fuel cell unit is shortened; yet another approach is to randomly control some of the fuel cell cells to start up, however this approach may cause some of the fuel cells to be too dry or too wet, possibly resulting in a risk to the fuel cell system during power up.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of high risk and short service life of a fuel cell system in the prior art, and provides a control method of the fuel cell system, the fuel cell system and a medium.
The invention solves the technical problems by the following technical scheme:
according to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a control method of a fuel cell system including at least two fuel cell units, the control method of the fuel cell system including:
obtaining required power;
determining the starting sequence of each fuel cell unit according to the required power and the performance state of the last operation of each fuel cell unit;
and sequentially starting the fuel cell units according to the starting sequence, and controlling the output power of the fuel cell units according to the performance state until the sum of the output powers of all the started fuel cell units reaches the required power.
Preferably, the step of determining the starting sequence of the fuel cell unit according to the required power and the performance state of the last operation of the fuel cell unit includes:
if the required power is smaller than the preset power, determining that the starting sequence of the fuel cell unit is as follows: firstly starting a fuel cell monomer with abnormal performance state, and then starting a fuel cell monomer with normal performance state;
the fuel cell unit with abnormal performance state and the fuel cell unit with normal performance state are divided according to the performance state of the last operation of the fuel cell unit.
Preferably, the performance state includes a battery humidity, and the control method of the fuel cell system further includes:
dividing the fuel cell unit with the battery humidity smaller than the lower humidity threshold into fuel cell units with abnormal performance states, wherein the fuel cell units are overdry fuel cell units;
dividing the fuel cell unit with the cell humidity greater than the upper humidity threshold into fuel cell units with abnormal performance states, wherein the fuel cell units are over-wet fuel cell units;
and dividing the fuel cell unit with the cell humidity not smaller than the lower humidity threshold and not larger than the upper humidity threshold into fuel cell units with normal performance states.
Preferably, the step of controlling the output power of the fuel cell unit according to the performance state specifically includes:
controlling the overdry fuel cell unit to output at a lower threshold of a first power range;
controlling the excessively wet fuel cell unit to output at the upper limit threshold of the second power range;
controlling the fuel cell unit with normal performance state to output with corresponding reference output power;
the lower threshold of the second power range is not smaller than the upper threshold of the first power range, and the reference output power is calculated according to the required power, the current output power of the fuel cell with abnormal performance state and the maximum output power of the fuel cell with normal performance state.
Preferably, the control method of the fuel cell system further includes:
raising the output power of the overdry fuel cell until the output power of the overdry fuel cell reaches the upper threshold of the first power range, and then reducing the output power of the overdry fuel cell until the output power of the overdry fuel cell reaches the lower threshold of the first power range;
reducing the output power of the over-wet fuel cell unit until the output power of the over-wet fuel cell unit reaches the lower threshold of the second power range, and then increasing the output power of the over-wet fuel cell unit until the output power of the over-wet fuel cell unit reaches the upper threshold of the second power range;
adjusting the output power of the fuel cell unit with normal performance state so that the sum of the output powers of all the started fuel cell units is equal to the required power;
repeating the steps until the performance state of the fuel cell with abnormal performance state is restored to the preset performance requirement.
Preferably, the control method of the fuel cell system further includes:
and when the performance state of the fuel cell with abnormal performance state is restored to the preset performance requirement, dividing the fuel cell restored to the preset performance requirement into fuel cell with normal performance state.
Preferably, the control method of the fuel cell system further includes:
and if the required power is not less than the preset power, starting the fuel cell units in sequence from short to long according to the accumulated running time of the fuel cell units until the sum of the maximum output power of all the started fuel cell units reaches the required power.
Preferably, the step of starting the fuel cells sequentially from short to long according to the accumulated operation time of the fuel cells specifically includes:
if the accumulated running time of the fuel cell monomers is the same, starting the fuel cell monomers in turn from less to more according to the historical switching times of the fuel cell monomers;
and if the historical switching times of the fuel cell monomers are the same, starting the fuel cell monomers in sequence from low to high according to the historical failure rate of the fuel cell monomers.
According to a second aspect of the present invention there is provided a fuel cell system comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory for running on the processor, the processor implementing the control method of the fuel cell system of the present invention when executing the computer program.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the control method of the fuel cell system of the present invention.
On the basis of conforming to the common knowledge in the field, the above preferred conditions can be arbitrarily combined to obtain the preferred examples of the invention.
The invention has the positive progress effects that:
the fuel cell monomer is started according to the required power and the performance state of the last operation of the fuel cell monomer, under the principle that the total power started meets the required power, the fuel cell monomer with abnormal performance state can be activated and recovered, the required power is met by the principle of the least quantity, and the starting quantity of the fuel cell monomer is reduced. The invention can timely recover the performance of the fuel cell monomer with abnormal performance state, avoids the risk of the fuel cell system in the power supply process, meets the demand power with the minimum quantity principle, reduces the starting quantity of the fuel cell monomer, reduces the running time of the fuel cell monomer and prolongs the service life of the fuel cell monomer.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart showing a control method of a fuel cell system of embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart showing a control method of the fuel cell system of embodiment 2 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a flow chart showing a control method of the fuel cell system of embodiment 3 of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a fuel cell system of embodiment 4 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by means of the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1
The present embodiment provides a control method of a fuel cell system including at least two fuel cell cells, as an alternative embodiment, the fuel cell system being provided with a general controller that integrally controls a plurality of fuel cell cells.
Referring to fig. 1, the control method of the fuel cell system includes the steps of:
s1, obtaining required power.
In this embodiment, the required power is initiated according to the load demand, and as an optional implementation manner, the required power may be set by the user according to the load demand, and then the required power sent by the user is received by the overall controller; as an alternative embodiment, the overall controller may also detect the accessed load in real time and calculate the required power according to the load demand.
S2, determining the starting sequence of the fuel cell units according to the required power and the performance state of each fuel cell unit operated last time.
In this embodiment, when the required power is smaller than the preset power, the starting sequence of the fuel cell unit is determined as follows: firstly, starting the fuel cell monomer with poor performance state and abnormal performance state, and then starting the fuel cell monomer with normal performance state. The fuel cell unit with abnormal performance state and the fuel cell unit with normal performance state are divided according to the performance state of the last operation of the fuel cell unit.
As an alternative embodiment, the fuel cell system may preset an index range of performance states, and when the performance state of the fuel cell unit is greater than the index range or less than the index range, it indicates that an abnormality occurs in the performance state of the fuel cell unit. For example, the performance state includes the battery humidity, and overdry or overdry may affect the performance state, and of course, the performance state of the embodiment is not limited to the battery humidity.
As an alternative implementation mode, dividing the fuel cell unit with the battery humidity smaller than the lower humidity threshold into fuel cell units with abnormal performance states, and being overdry fuel cell units; dividing the fuel cell unit with the cell humidity greater than the upper humidity threshold into fuel cell units with poor performance states and over-wet fuel cell units; the fuel cell unit with the cell humidity not less than the lower humidity threshold and not greater than the upper humidity threshold is divided into fuel cell units with normal performance states.
In this embodiment, the performance state of the fuel cell unit may be poor due to the condition of the last operation, for example, the fuel cell system is always operated at high power, the operation temperature is too high, so that the fuel cell unit is dry, and the moisture accumulated in the fuel cell unit is different, so that the situation that part of the fuel cell units are overdry is caused. Therefore, after receiving the required power, the embodiment obtains the performance state of the last operation of the fuel cell unit to divide the fuel cell unit into the fuel cell unit with abnormal performance state and the fuel cell unit with normal performance state.
As an alternative implementation manner, before each shutdown of the fuel cell unit, the performance state of the fuel cell unit before the shutdown may be obtained and divided according to the performance state, then the fuel cell unit is marked, and when the fuel cell unit is started next time, the fuel cell unit is started directly according to the mark.
And S3, starting the fuel cell units in sequence according to the starting sequence, and controlling the output power of the fuel cell units according to the performance state until the sum of the output powers of all the started fuel cell units reaches the required power.
As an alternative implementation mode, the fuel cell units in different performance states correspond to different output powers, for example, the overdry fuel cell unit can operate under a low power condition, namely, lower power is output, so that the moisture in the fuel cell unit is accumulated conveniently, and the activation is facilitated; the excessively wet fuel cell unit can operate under the high power condition, namely, output higher power, so that the temperature in the fuel cell unit is increased, thereby being beneficial to evaporation of water, activation and the like. In practical applications, output power below 50% of rated power is typically taken as low power.
As an alternative implementation mode, when the fuel cell units are started in sequence, controlling the overdry fuel cell units to output at the lower threshold value of the first power range; the overly wet fuel cell cells are controlled to output at an upper threshold of the second power range. Wherein the lower threshold of the second power range is not less than the upper threshold of the first power range.
The reference output power is calculated according to the required power, the current output power of the fuel cell unit with abnormal performance state and the maximum output power of the fuel cell unit with normal performance state.
Specifically, the first power range is used for characterizing the output power range corresponding to the dry fuel cell, and the second power range is used for characterizing the output power range corresponding to the over-wet fuel cell. Of course, the output power of the fuel cell unit is not limited to consideration of both dry and wet factors, but also includes consideration of other factors affecting the performance state, the effect of activation recovery, and the like.
As an alternative, the method is obtained through testing in advance in experiments, and the overdry fuel cell unit has better activation recovery effect when operating in a power range from 30% rated power to 50% rated power, and the overdry fuel cell unit has better activation recovery effect when operating in a power range from 50% rated power to 90% rated power. Therefore, the first power range can be set to be 30-50% of rated power, and the second power range can be set to be 50-90% of rated power. Of course, the present embodiment is not limited to the above power range, and may be adjusted according to actual situations.
As an alternative implementation mode, after the output power of the fuel cell unit with abnormal performance state is controlled, if the fuel cell unit with normal performance state is started, the fuel cell unit with normal performance state is further controlled to output at the corresponding reference output power. The reference output power is calculated according to the required power, the current output power of the fuel cell unit with abnormal performance state and the maximum output power of the fuel cell unit with normal performance state. In this embodiment, the maximum output power is used to characterize the power rating of the fuel cell unit.
For example, assuming that the fuel cell system has 10 fuel cell units, the rated power of each fuel cell unit is 100W, the received required power is 240W, one fuel cell unit is an excessively wet fuel cell unit, one fuel cell unit is an excessively dry fuel cell unit, the remaining 8 fuel cell units are fuel cell units with normal performance states, when the fuel cell system is started, four fuel cell units are sequentially started, the output power of the excessively dry fuel cell unit is adjusted to be 30W, the output power of the excessively wet fuel cell unit is 90W, and the output powers of the two fuel cell units with normal performance states are (240-30-90) ×100/(100+100) =60W.
In this embodiment, the rated powers of the fuel cells may also be different, for example, assuming that the rated powers of the fuel cells in the two normal performance states are 60W and 100W, respectively, the output powers of the fuel cells in the two normal performance states may be controlled to be (240-30-90) ×100/(100+60) =75W and (240-30-90) ×60/(100+60) =45W, respectively, so as to ensure that the started fuel cells operate in a favorable power range as balanced as possible. The method is characterized in that the service life is influenced because higher degradation rate exists in the fuel cell unit which operates at rated power for a long time, and the fuel cell unit is excessively opened due to the fact that the output power of the fuel cell unit is too low, so that the fuel cell unit which does not operate necessarily is in a load state, and aging of the fuel cell unit is accelerated, and therefore the output power of the fuel cell unit is intelligently distributed.
In practical application, after obtaining the required power, the overall controller comprehensively considers the required power, the performance states and rated powers of the fuel cell units, and the like, and budgets the output power of the fuel cell unit which is required to be started and the output power of each fuel cell unit in advance, so that the output power of the fuel cell unit is restarted and intelligently controlled, and the fuel cell units are not started in sequence.
For example, in the operation process of 30W,90W,75W and 45W of the output power of the fuel cell units, wherein the fuel cell units with the output power of 30W and the output power of 90W are the fuel cell units with abnormal performance states, if the required power becomes 200W, the overall controller will calculate the preferred combination to control the output power of the overdry fuel cell unit to be 30W, the output power of the overdry fuel cell unit to be 90W, and the output power of the fuel cell unit with normal performance state to be 80W, so as to shut down the fuel cell unit with the output power of 45W, and simultaneously adjust the fuel cell units with the output power of 75W to operate at 80W, instead of controlling the output powers of the two fuel cell units to be 30W and 50W, respectively.
As an alternative implementation manner, the overall controller also records the operation time of each fuel cell, and when the closable fuel cell includes a plurality of fuel cells, for example, during the operation process of 30W,90W,60W and 60W of output power of the fuel cell, wherein the fuel cells with 30W and 90W of output power are abnormal fuel cells in performance state, and if the required power becomes 200W, the accumulated operation time of the two fuel cells with 60W of output power is acquired, and the fuel cell with longer accumulated operation time is preferentially closed.
Similarly, when the sum of the output powers of the started fuel cell units cannot meet the required power, the fuel cell units can be started continuously, and the output power of each fuel cell unit can be intelligently regulated and controlled according to the mode.
The embodiment has the following beneficial effects:
according to the embodiment, the fuel cell monomer is started according to the required power and the performance state of the last operation of the fuel cell monomer, under the principle that the total power started meets the required power, the fuel cell monomer with abnormal performance state can be activated and recovered, the required power is met by the minimum quantity principle, and the starting quantity of the fuel cell monomer is reduced. According to the embodiment, on one hand, the performance of the fuel cell monomer with abnormal performance state can be timely recovered, the risk of the fuel cell system in the power supply process is avoided, on the other hand, the required power is met by the minimum quantity principle, the starting quantity of the fuel cell monomer is reduced, the running time of the fuel cell monomer is shortened, and the service life of the fuel cell monomer is prolonged.
Example 2
The present embodiment provides a control method of a fuel cell system, which is a further optimization of embodiment 1, and referring to fig. 2, when the fuel cell unit having the abnormal performance state of the start-up includes both the overdry fuel cell unit and the overdry fuel cell unit, step S3 specifically includes performing step S4 and step S5 simultaneously, and then performing step S6 again. Specifically:
and S4, increasing the output power of the overdry fuel cell until the output power of the overdry fuel cell reaches the upper threshold of the first power range, and reducing the output power of the overdry fuel cell until the output power of the overdry fuel cell reaches the lower threshold of the first power range.
And S5, reducing the output power of the over-wet fuel cell until the output power of the over-wet fuel cell reaches the lower threshold of the second power range, and then increasing the output power of the over-wet fuel cell until the output power of the over-wet fuel cell reaches the upper threshold of the second power range.
S6, adjusting the output power of the fuel cell unit with normal performance state so that the sum of the output powers of all the started fuel cell units is equal to the required power.
It should be noted that, when the fuel cell unit having the abnormal performance state of the start-up includes only the overdry fuel cell unit, the step S3 specifically includes executing the step S4, and then executing the step S6; when the fuel cell whose performance state is abnormal at the start-up includes only the excessively wet fuel cell, step S3 specifically includes performing step S5, and then performing step S6.
In this embodiment, steps S4 to S6 are repeatedly performed until the performance state of the fuel cell whose performance state is abnormal is restored to the preset performance requirement, and then other subsequent control is performed.
As an alternative embodiment, when the performance state of the fuel cell whose performance state is abnormal is restored to the preset performance requirement, the fuel cell restored to the preset performance requirement is divided into fuel cell whose performance state is normal. The preset performance requirements comprise an index range of performance states, the overall controller can judge the performance states of the started fuel cell monomers in real time, and when the performance states of the fuel cell monomers are in the index range, the performance states of the fuel cell monomers are indicated to be restored to the preset performance requirements. For example, the performance state includes the humidity of the battery, and whether the humidity of the battery is restored to be within the lower humidity threshold and the upper humidity threshold is judged in real time.
In this embodiment, when the performance state of the fuel cell with abnormal performance state is restored to the preset performance requirement, it is determined whether the fuel cell with normal performance state can be turned off, for example, in the operation process that the output power of the fuel cell is 30W,90W and 80W respectively, the fuel cell with abnormal performance state is the fuel cell with 30W and 90W output power, assuming that the rated power of the fuel cell is 100W, when the two fuel cell with abnormal performance state is restored to the preset performance requirement, one of the fuel cell with normal performance state can be turned off, and only two fuel cell are kept to operate and the output power is controlled to be 100W respectively. For example, if one fuel cell is turned off, the sum of the remaining fuel cells may be 130W to 150W, and the required power of 200W cannot be satisfied, so that the fuel cells cannot be turned off, but the output powers of two fuel cells except 30W are controlled to be 85W, respectively.
As an alternative implementation mode, when the fuel cell system meets the condition of the fuel cell with normal shutdown performance state, the fuel cell is determined to be shutdown for a period of time after the condition is met, so that frequent start-up and shutdown of the fuel cell are avoided.
The embodiment has the following beneficial effects:
the fuel cell unit with abnormal performance state is controlled to be subjected to several times of downward adjustment to the lower threshold value of the corresponding power range and upward adjustment to the upper threshold value of the corresponding power range, so that the activation recovery of the fuel cell unit is facilitated, and the activation efficiency is improved.
Example 3
The present embodiment provides a control method of a fuel cell system, which is based on the principle that activation recovery is not considered for a fuel cell unit with abnormal performance state, but the total power started is preferentially considered to reach the required power when the required power is larger.
Referring to fig. 3, after the required power is obtained, step S11 is performed, specifically:
s11, judging whether the required power is smaller than the preset power, if so, executing the step S2, and then executing the step S3; if not, step S12 is performed.
In the activation recovery of the fuel cell having abnormal performance, a power margin is required to allow some activation operations of the fuel cell having abnormal performance, such as up-regulation and down-regulation within respective power ranges, and as an alternative embodiment, the preset power may be calculated according to the total rated power of the fuel cell system and the performance state of the fuel cell. For example, assuming that the fuel cell system has 10 fuel cells, each fuel cell has a rated power of 100W, one fuel cell is an excessively wet fuel cell, one fuel cell is an excessively dry fuel cell, the remaining 8 fuel cells are fuel cells with normal performance states, the excessively dry fuel cell is adjustable at 30% to 50% rated power, the excessively wet fuel cell is adjustable at 50% to 90% rated power, in order to ensure that the fuel cell with abnormal performance states can have a power margin for performing an activation operation, the sum of the output powers when all the fuel cells are turned on is calculated and may be 30+50+100×8=880W at maximum, that is, the preset power is 880W, when the required power is less than 880W, step S2 is performed, and when the required power is greater than 880W, step S12 is performed.
As an alternative implementation manner, the preset power may be customized, for example, when the difference between the accumulated operation times of different fuel cells is large, considering the accumulated operation time of the balanced fuel cells, a smaller preset power may be set, the process of starting and closing the fuel cells in several turns is preferably performed by controlling the starting number of the fuel cells, and when the accumulated operation time of the fuel cells is as uniform as possible, a larger preset power is set to preferably ensure that the fuel cells with abnormal performance states are activated and recovered.
In this embodiment, steps S2 and S3 are the same as those described for the corresponding steps in embodiment 1. As an alternative embodiment, if step S3 further specifically includes performing steps S4, S5 and S6, steps S4, S5 and S6 are the same as those described in the corresponding steps in example 2.
And S12, starting the fuel cell units in sequence from short to long according to the accumulated running time of the fuel cell units until the sum of the maximum output power of all the started fuel cell units reaches the required power.
As an alternative embodiment, if the cumulative operation times of the fuel cell units are the same, the fuel cell units are sequentially started up from as few as many times according to the historical switching times of the fuel cell units. If the historical switching times of the fuel cell units are the same, starting the fuel cell units in sequence from low to high according to the historical failure rate of the fuel cell units.
In the present embodiment, when the fuel cell is turned off, the fuel cell is turned off in the order from long to short according to the accumulated operation time of the fuel cell. As an alternative embodiment, if the cumulative operating times of the fuel cells are the same, the fuel cells are turned off in order of more or less according to the historical switching times of the fuel cells. If the historical switching times of the fuel cell units are the same, the fuel cell units are closed according to the sequence from high to low of the historical failure rate of the fuel cell units.
As an alternative embodiment, after starting the fuel cell, the starting fuel cell is ensured to operate in a favorable power range as much as possible, and the output power of the starting fuel cell is intelligently controlled according to the fuel cell with normal control performance, and the specific process is the same as that of the corresponding description of the embodiment 1. For example, assuming that the required power is 240W, three fuel cells are started, and the rated power of each fuel cell is 100W, the output power of the three fuel cells may be controlled to be 80W, instead of 40W for one fuel cell, and 100W for the other two fuel cells.
The embodiment has the following beneficial effects:
and the operation time of the fuel cell units is balanced, and each fuel cell unit can work in a favorable power range as much as possible, so that the service life of the fuel cell system is effectively prolonged.
Example 4
The present embodiment provides a fuel cell system, and fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the fuel cell system according to the embodiment. The fuel cell system includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory for running on the processor, and the processor implements the control method of the fuel cell system in embodiment 1, embodiment 2, or embodiment 3 described above when executing the program. The fuel cell system 20 shown in fig. 4 is merely an example, and should not be construed as limiting the functionality and scope of use of the embodiments of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 4, the fuel cell system 20 may be embodied in the form of a general purpose computing device, which may be a server device, for example. The components of the fuel cell system 20 may include, but are not limited to: the at least one processor 21, the at least one memory 22, a bus 23 connecting the different system components, including the memory 22 and the processor 21.
The bus 23 includes a data bus, an address bus, and a control bus.
The processor 21 executes various functional applications and data processing, such as the control method of the fuel cell system in embodiment 1, embodiment 2, or embodiment 3 described above, by running a computer program stored in the memory 22.
The fuel cell system 20 may also be in communication with one or more external devices 24 (e.g., keyboard, pointing device, etc.). Such communication may be through an input/output (I/O) interface 25. Also, model-generated device 20 may also communicate with one or more networks, such as a Local Area Network (LAN), a Wide Area Network (WAN), and/or a public network, such as the internet, through network adapter 26. As shown in fig. 4, the network adapter 26 communicates with other modules of the model-generating device 20 via the bus 23. It should be appreciated that although not shown in the figures, other hardware and/or software modules may be used in connection with the model-generating device 20, including, but not limited to: microcode, device drivers, redundant processors, external disk drive arrays, RAID (disk array) systems, tape drives, data backup storage systems, and the like.
It should be noted that although several units/modules or sub-units/modules of the fuel cell system are mentioned in the above detailed description, this division is merely exemplary and not mandatory. Indeed, the features and functionality of two or more units/modules described above may be embodied in one unit/module in accordance with embodiments of the present invention. Conversely, the features and functions of one unit/module described above may be further divided into ones that are embodied by a plurality of units/modules.
Example 6
The present embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps in the control method of the fuel cell system in embodiment 1, embodiment 2, or embodiment 3 described above.
More specifically, among others, readable storage media may be employed including, but not limited to: portable disk, hard disk, random access memory, read only memory, erasable programmable read only memory, optical storage device, magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
In a possible embodiment, the invention may also be implemented in the form of a program product comprising program code for causing a terminal device to carry out the steps of the control method implementing the fuel cell system as described in the above-mentioned embodiment 1, embodiment 2 or embodiment 3, when the program product is run on the terminal device.
Wherein the program code for carrying out the invention may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages, the program code may execute entirely on the user device, partly on the user device, as a stand-alone software package, partly on the user device, partly on a remote device or entirely on the remote device.
While specific embodiments of the invention have been described above, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that this is by way of example only, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims. Various changes and modifications to these embodiments may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, but such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A control method of a fuel cell system, characterized in that the fuel cell system includes at least two fuel cell cells, the control method of the fuel cell system comprising:
obtaining required power;
determining the starting sequence of each fuel cell unit according to the required power and the performance state of the last operation of each fuel cell unit;
and sequentially starting the fuel cell units according to the starting sequence, and controlling the output power of the fuel cell units according to the performance state until the sum of the output powers of all the started fuel cell units reaches the required power.
2. The control method of a fuel cell system according to claim 1, wherein the step of determining the start-up sequence of the fuel cell cells based on the required power and the performance state of the last operation of the fuel cell cells includes:
if the required power is smaller than the preset power, determining that the starting sequence of the fuel cell unit is as follows: firstly starting a fuel cell monomer with abnormal performance state, and then starting a fuel cell monomer with normal performance state;
the fuel cell unit with abnormal performance state and the fuel cell unit with normal performance state are divided according to the performance state of the last operation of the fuel cell unit.
3. The control method of a fuel cell system according to claim 2, wherein the performance state includes a battery humidity, the control method of a fuel cell system further comprising:
dividing the fuel cell unit with the battery humidity smaller than the lower humidity threshold into fuel cell units with abnormal performance states, wherein the fuel cell units are overdry fuel cell units;
dividing the fuel cell unit with the cell humidity greater than the upper humidity threshold into fuel cell units with abnormal performance states, wherein the fuel cell units are over-wet fuel cell units;
and dividing the fuel cell unit with the cell humidity not smaller than the lower humidity threshold and not larger than the upper humidity threshold into fuel cell units with normal performance states.
4. The control method of a fuel cell system according to claim 3, wherein the step of controlling the output power of the fuel cell unit according to the performance state specifically includes:
controlling the overdry fuel cell unit to output at a lower threshold of a first power range;
controlling the excessively wet fuel cell unit to output at the upper limit threshold of the second power range;
controlling the fuel cell unit with normal performance state to output with corresponding reference output power;
the lower threshold of the second power range is not smaller than the upper threshold of the first power range, and the reference output power is calculated according to the required power, the current output power of the fuel cell with abnormal performance state and the maximum output power of the fuel cell with normal performance state.
5. The control method of a fuel cell system according to claim 4, characterized in that the control method of a fuel cell system further comprises:
raising the output power of the overdry fuel cell until the output power of the overdry fuel cell reaches the upper threshold of the first power range, and then reducing the output power of the overdry fuel cell until the output power of the overdry fuel cell reaches the lower threshold of the first power range;
reducing the output power of the over-wet fuel cell unit until the output power of the over-wet fuel cell unit reaches the lower threshold of the second power range, and then increasing the output power of the over-wet fuel cell unit until the output power of the over-wet fuel cell unit reaches the upper threshold of the second power range;
adjusting the output power of the fuel cell unit with normal performance state so that the sum of the output powers of all the started fuel cell units is equal to the required power;
repeating the steps until the performance state of the fuel cell with abnormal performance state is restored to the preset performance requirement.
6. The control method of a fuel cell system according to claim 5, characterized in that the control method of a fuel cell system further comprises:
and when the performance state of the fuel cell with abnormal performance state is restored to the preset performance requirement, dividing the fuel cell restored to the preset performance requirement into fuel cell with normal performance state.
7. The control method of a fuel cell system according to claim 2, characterized in that the control method of a fuel cell system further comprises:
and if the required power is not less than the preset power, starting the fuel cell units in sequence from short to long according to the accumulated running time of the fuel cell units until the sum of the maximum output power of all the started fuel cell units reaches the required power.
8. The control method of a fuel cell system according to claim 7, wherein the step of sequentially starting the fuel cell cells from short to long according to the accumulated operation time of the fuel cell cells specifically comprises:
if the accumulated running time of the fuel cell monomers is the same, starting the fuel cell monomers in turn from less to more according to the historical switching times of the fuel cell monomers;
and if the historical switching times of the fuel cell monomers are the same, starting the fuel cell monomers in sequence from low to high according to the historical failure rate of the fuel cell monomers.
9. A fuel cell system comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory for running on the processor, characterized in that the processor implements the control method of the fuel cell system according to any one of claims 1-8 when executing the computer program.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, characterized in that the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the control method of the fuel cell system according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
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| CN202211643260.1A CN116247249A (en) | 2022-12-20 | 2022-12-20 | Control method for fuel cell system, and storage medium |
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| CN202211643260.1A CN116247249A (en) | 2022-12-20 | 2022-12-20 | Control method for fuel cell system, and storage medium |
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