CN116241186B - Air screw rod drills multiple material composite cutting drill bit - Google Patents
Air screw rod drills multiple material composite cutting drill bit Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN116241186B CN116241186B CN202310471862.1A CN202310471862A CN116241186B CN 116241186 B CN116241186 B CN 116241186B CN 202310471862 A CN202310471862 A CN 202310471862A CN 116241186 B CN116241186 B CN 116241186B
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- drill bit
- material composite
- multiple material
- air
- cutting
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000750 progressive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004227 thermal cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/42—Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits
- E21B10/43—Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits characterised by the arrangement of teeth or other cutting elements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/44—Bits with helical conveying portion, e.g. screw type bits; Augers with leading portion or with detachable parts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/46—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts
- E21B10/54—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts the bit being of the rotary drag type, e.g. fork-type bits
- E21B10/55—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts the bit being of the rotary drag type, e.g. fork-type bits with preformed cutting elements
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/60—Drill bits characterised by conduits or nozzles for drilling fluids
- E21B10/602—Drill bits characterised by conduits or nozzles for drilling fluids the bit being a rotary drag type bit with blades
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B4/00—Drives for drilling, used in the borehole
- E21B4/02—Fluid rotary type drives
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
Abstract
The invention discloses an air screw drilling multi-material composite cutting bit, which relates to the technical field of drilling tools and comprises a joint and a bit body; the front end of the drill bit body is provided with a blade, and the side wall of the drill bit body is provided with a gage surface; a plurality of lining bodies which are arranged in parallel are integrally formed on the blade, and the cutting front end of the lining body is fixed with a wafer-type diamond polycrystal and a protection bulge which shields the lower part of the wafer-type diamond polycrystal; the front end of the drill bit body is provided with a plurality of wedge plate type air cooling air channels. According to the invention, aiming at the air screw drilling characteristics, a wafer-type thermally stable diamond polycrystal is distributed at the cutting front end of a blade, and a protection bulge is designed at the cutting front end of the diamond polycrystal so as to improve the embedding strength of the diamond polycrystal; through the wedge plate type air cooling air duct design, the high-efficiency drilling operation of the hard stratum is realized, and the service life of the drill bit and the mechanical drilling speed are ensured; the application of the invention is beneficial to solving the problems of low adaptability and short service life of the air screw drill bit in the drilling of the hard stratum, and can be suitable for the deep hard rock stratum.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of drilling tools, in particular to an air screw drilling multi-material composite cutting bit.
Background
As one of novel drilling technologies, air drilling can well protect oil and gas reservoir resources, improve mechanical drilling speed, greatly shorten drilling period, and be widely applied to foreign oil and gas exploration and development, and is also in rapid development trend in China. Air screw drilling tools are necessary tools for drilling directional wells or other special process wells using this new type of drilling technique. Because the air screw is different from the conventional drilling fluid circulation drilling, the air screw is driven by using compressible fluid such as gas, foam and the like as a medium to provide power for the underground so as to drive the drill bit to break rock. Thus, the efficiency of cooling the bit ends is low, severely limiting the choice of bit types.
The theoretical forms of the existing cutting bit structures are generally the same, and all the theoretical forms are that the bit body structure is inlaid with polycrystalline or diamond for improving the strength. The invention patent application with the application publication number of CN114763734A discloses a cutting element and a drill bit, and the invention patent application with the application publication number of CN115788313A discloses a PDC drill bit for efficient cutting. The appearance structure and the type are similar, but the traditional cutting bit adopts the center position cutting, so that a high-temperature area is formed outside, a welding layer is easy to fall off after the temperature reaches 600 ℃, a composite sheet can generate thermal cracking, and finally the high-temperature resistance and impact resistance of the cutting bit are reduced.
Therefore, how to provide a cutting bit suitable for deep hard rock stratum aiming at the air screw drilling characteristics is a problem to be solved by the person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides an air screw drilling multiple material composite cutting bit, which aims to solve the above technical problems.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an air screw drilling multiple material composite cutting drill bit comprises a joint and a drill bit body, wherein the joint is fixed on the drill bit body; the front end of the drill bit body is provided with a blade, and the side wall of the drill bit body is provided with a gauge face which corresponds to the blade and is radially convex; a plurality of liners are integrally formed on the blade, the liners are arranged on the surface of the blade in parallel, a wafer-type diamond polycrystal is fixed at the cutting front end of the liner, and a protection protrusion for shielding the lower part of the wafer-type diamond polycrystal is arranged at the cutting front end of the liner; the front end of the drill bit body is provided with a plurality of wedge plate type air cooling air channels, and the wedge plate type air cooling air channels are positioned between two adjacent blades.
According to the technical scheme, aiming at the air screw drilling characteristics, the wafer-type thermally stable diamond polycrystal is distributed at the cutting front end of the blade, and the protection bulge is designed at the cutting front end of the diamond polycrystal so as to improve the embedding strength of the diamond polycrystal; through the wedge plate type air cooling air duct design, the high-efficiency drilling operation of the hard stratum is realized, and the service life of the drill bit and the mechanical drilling speed are ensured; the application of the invention is beneficial to solving the problems of low adaptability and short service life of the air screw drill bit in the drilling of the hard stratum, and can be suitable for the deep hard rock stratum.
Preferably, in the air screw drilling multiple material composite cutting drill bit, the cross section of the wedge plate type air cooling air duct is triangular, and the diameters of the wedge plate type air cooling air duct are gradually increased from inside to outside; the wedge plate type air cooling air duct is in a strip shape at the front end opening of the drill bit body. The air cooling device aims at the problem that the cooling efficiency of air to the drill bit is low in air screw drilling, and is different from the traditional drill bit water hole, a wedge plate type air cooling air duct is designed, the area of the air duct is large, the air speed is high, the air cooling efficiency is greatly improved, and the cooling and chip removing effects of the drill bit are guaranteed.
Preferably, in the air screw drilling multiple material composite cutting drill bit, a high-strength wear-resistant composite sheet is fixed at the center of the front end of the drill bit body, so that the problem of dead point of center cutting is solved.
Preferably, in the air screw drilling multiple material composite cutting bit, the lining body is of a spiral columnar structure. Through the design form of spiral columnar structure, can provide the back lining support for disk type diamond polycrystalline, guarantee certain back rake angle, on the other hand can realize concentric cutting operation.
Preferably, in the air screw drilling multiple material composite cutting bit, a plurality of disc type diamond polycrystalline crystals are fixed in the lining body, so that multi-point cutting and long-time operation are realized. The wafer-type diamond polycrystal inside the lining body and the wafer-type diamond polycrystal at the cutting front end are integrally fired and formed along with the lining body, so that the relation of mutual matching is achieved, the cutting strength is improved, and the service life is prolonged.
Preferably, in the air screw drilling multi-material composite cutting bit, the outer surfaces of adjacent lining bodies are tangent, so that the stability and the structural strength of the lining body arrangement structure can be ensured.
Preferably, in the air screw drilling multi-material composite cutting bit, the gage surface is inlaid with large-particle diamond and super-strong wear-resistant heat-stable polycrystalline, so that the outer diameter of the bit is ensured not to shrink under long-term working.
Preferably, in the air screw drilling multiple material composite cutting bit, the outer surface of the lining body is embedded with large-particle diamond monocrystal; the inside of the lining body is impregnated with small-particle diamond or impregnated with thermally stable polycrystalline columns. The high-temperature resistant matrix, the heat stable polycrystalline and the multistage surface impregnated diamond are combined, so that the high-efficiency drilling operation of the hard stratum is realized, and the service life of the drill bit and the mechanical drilling speed are ensured.
Preferably, in the air screw drilling multiple material composite cutting bit, the joint is connected with a downhole drilling tool.
Preferably, in the air screw drilling multiple material composite cutting bit, three cutting and grinding materials of surface impregnated single crystal diamond, polycrystalline diamond and Polycrystalline Diamond Compact (PDC) are introduced, and other cutting and grinding materials except the PDC are sintered and molded with a high-temperature resistant matrix of the bit at one time.
Compared with the prior art, the invention discloses an air screw drilling multi-material composite cutting bit, wherein the crown of the bit body consists of a plurality of groups of diamond-impregnated blades, a plurality of layers of thermally stable polycrystalline diamond, surface diamond-impregnated and wear-resistant impact-resistant composite sheets are arranged on the blades, and a high-temperature resistant polycrystalline diamond and large-particle diamond are arranged on a gage surface to prevent the bit from shrinking. A wedge plate type air cooling air duct is designed between the blades and is used for cooling cutting and grinding materials and carrying rock scraps, so that the gas drilling efficiency is improved.
According to the invention, three cutting and grinding materials of surface impregnated single-crystal diamond, polycrystalline diamond and Polycrystalline Diamond Compact (PDC) are introduced, and besides the PDC, other cutting and grinding materials and a high-temperature-resistant matrix of the drill bit are sintered and molded at one time, so that a wedge plate type air cooling air duct is designed, the problem of heat damage failure of the drill bit caused by low heat conduction efficiency of air screw drilling is effectively solved, and a new thought is provided for solving the problem of high-efficiency drilling of a hard stratum.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is an isometric view of an air screw drilling multiple material composite cutting bit according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a main structure of the air screw drilling multi-material composite cutting bit provided by the invention.
Wherein:
1-linker; 2-a bit body; 3-blades; 4-gage surface; 5-lining; 6-wafer type diamond polycrystalline; 7-a protective bulge; 8-wedge plate type air cooling air duct; 9-high-strength wear-resistant composite sheet.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, the embodiment of the invention discloses an air screw drilling multi-material composite cutting bit, which comprises a joint 1 and a bit body 2, wherein the joint 1 is fixed on the bit body 2; the front end of the drill bit body 2 is provided with blades 3, and the side wall of the drill bit body 2 is provided with a gauge face 4 which corresponds to the blades 3 and is radially convex; the cutter wing 3 is integrally formed with a plurality of lining bodies 5, the lining bodies 5 are arranged on the surface of the cutter wing 3 in parallel, the cutting front end of each lining body 5 is fixedly provided with a wafer-type diamond polycrystalline 6, and the cutting front end of each lining body 5 is provided with a protection protrusion 7 for shielding the lower part of each wafer-type diamond polycrystalline 6; the front end of the drill bit body 2 is provided with a plurality of wedge plate type air cooling air channels 8, and the wedge plate type air cooling air channels 8 are positioned between two adjacent blades 3.
In order to further optimize the technical scheme, the cross section of the wedge plate type air cooling air duct 8 is triangular, and the diameters of the wedge plate type air cooling air duct are gradually increased from inside to outside; the wedge plate type air cooling air duct 8 is in a strip shape at the front end opening of the drill bit body 2.
In order to further optimize the technical scheme, 3-7 high-strength wear-resistant composite sheets 9 are fixed at the center of the front end of the drill bit body 2.
In order to further optimize the technical scheme, the lining body 5 is of a spiral columnar structure.
In order to further optimize the technical scheme, a plurality of disc-type diamond polycrystalline crystals 6 are fixed inside the lining body 5.
In order to further optimise the above solution, the outer surfaces of adjacent liners 5 are tangential.
In order to further optimize the technical scheme, the gauge face 4 is inlaid with large-particle diamond and super-wear-resistant heat-stable polycrystalline.
In order to further optimize the technical scheme, the outer surface of the lining body 5 is inlaid with large-particle diamond monocrystal.
In order to further optimise the above technical solution, the inside of the liner 5 is impregnated with small-grain diamond or impregnated with thermally stable polycrystalline columns.
In this example, the small particle diamond size varies from 60 to 20 mesh; large grain diamond monocrystal is over 20 mesh.
To further optimise the above technical solution, the joint 1 is connected to a downhole drilling tool.
In the present specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described in a different point from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are all enough to refer to each other. For the device disclosed in the embodiment, since it corresponds to the method disclosed in the embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant points refer to the description of the method section.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Thus, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (8)
1. An air screw drilling multiple material composite cutting drill bit comprises a joint (1) and a drill bit body (2), and is characterized in that the joint (1) is fixed on the drill bit body (2); the front end of the drill bit body (2) is provided with a blade (3), and the side wall of the drill bit body (2) is provided with a gage surface (4) which corresponds to the blade (3) and protrudes radially; a plurality of liners (5) are integrally formed on the cutter blade (3), the liners (5) are arranged on the surface of the cutter blade (3) in parallel, a wafer type diamond polycrystalline (6) is fixed at the cutting front end of the liner (5), and a protection protrusion (7) for shielding the lower part of the wafer type diamond polycrystalline (6) is arranged at the cutting front end of the liner (5); the front end of the drill bit body (2) is provided with a plurality of wedge plate type air cooling air channels (8), and the wedge plate type air cooling air channels (8) are positioned between two adjacent blades (3); the lining body (5) is of a spiral columnar structure; a plurality of disc-type diamond polycrystalline crystals (6) are fixed in the lining body (5).
2. The air screw drilling multiple material composite cutting drill bit according to claim 1, wherein the cross section of the wedge plate type air cooling air duct (8) is triangular, and the diameters of the wedge plate type air cooling air duct are gradually increased from inside to outside; the wedge plate type air cooling air duct (8) is in a strip shape at the front end opening of the drill bit body (2).
3. An air screw drilling multiple material composite cutting bit according to claim 1, characterized in that the center of the front end of the bit body (2) is fixed with a high-strength wear-resistant composite sheet (9).
4. An air screw drilling multiple material composite cutting bit according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer surfaces of adjacent said liners (5) are tangential.
5. The air screw drilling multiple material composite cutting bit of claim 1, wherein the gage surface (4) is surface-inlaid with large grain diamond and ultra-wear resistant thermally stable polycrystalline.
6. An air screw drilling multiple material composite cutting bit according to claim 1, characterized in that the outer surface of the liner (5) is inlaid with large grain diamond single crystals.
7. An air screw drilling multiple material composite cutting bit according to claim 1, characterized in that the inside of the liner (5) is impregnated with small grain diamond or impregnated with thermally stable polycrystalline columns.
8. An air screw drilling multiple material composite cutting bit according to claim 1, characterized in that the joint (1) is connected to a downhole drilling tool.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310471862.1A CN116241186B (en) | 2023-04-27 | 2023-04-27 | Air screw rod drills multiple material composite cutting drill bit |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310471862.1A CN116241186B (en) | 2023-04-27 | 2023-04-27 | Air screw rod drills multiple material composite cutting drill bit |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN116241186A CN116241186A (en) | 2023-06-09 |
| CN116241186B true CN116241186B (en) | 2023-12-01 |
Family
ID=86631572
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310471862.1A Active CN116241186B (en) | 2023-04-27 | 2023-04-27 | Air screw rod drills multiple material composite cutting drill bit |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN116241186B (en) |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108286414A (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2018-07-17 | 王环环 | A kind of pressure wind cooling deslagging compact bit |
| CN112196471A (en) * | 2020-09-04 | 2021-01-08 | 邹城兖矿泰德工贸有限公司 | Compressed air cooling slag discharging drill bit |
| CN112983283A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2021-06-18 | 新奥科技发展有限公司 | Plasma torch rock breaking composite drill bit and plasma torch rock breaking composite drill |
| CN114718468A (en) * | 2022-03-24 | 2022-07-08 | 山东省鲁南地质工程勘察院(山东省地质矿产勘查开发局第二地质大队) | Gas lift reverse circulation PDC drill bit |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7866418B2 (en) * | 2008-10-03 | 2011-01-11 | Us Synthetic Corporation | Rotary drill bit including polycrystalline diamond cutting elements |
-
2023
- 2023-04-27 CN CN202310471862.1A patent/CN116241186B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108286414A (en) * | 2018-02-05 | 2018-07-17 | 王环环 | A kind of pressure wind cooling deslagging compact bit |
| CN112983283A (en) * | 2019-12-18 | 2021-06-18 | 新奥科技发展有限公司 | Plasma torch rock breaking composite drill bit and plasma torch rock breaking composite drill |
| CN112196471A (en) * | 2020-09-04 | 2021-01-08 | 邹城兖矿泰德工贸有限公司 | Compressed air cooling slag discharging drill bit |
| CN114718468A (en) * | 2022-03-24 | 2022-07-08 | 山东省鲁南地质工程勘察院(山东省地质矿产勘查开发局第二地质大队) | Gas lift reverse circulation PDC drill bit |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN116241186A (en) | 2023-06-09 |
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