CN116239173A - Evaporation crystallization system and method for industrial wastewater difficult to degrade - Google Patents
Evaporation crystallization system and method for industrial wastewater difficult to degrade Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of wastewater treatment, in particular to an evaporation crystallization system of nondegradable industrial wastewater, which comprises a preheating tank, an evaporation tank, a cooling tank and a cooling tank, wherein the preheating tank is used for preheating the industrial wastewater to be treated, discharging the industrial wastewater after the preheating through a wastewater pipeline, receiving the industrial wastewater discharged by the wastewater pipeline, heating and evaporating the industrial wastewater in the evaporation tank, cooling the discharged industrial wastewater, crystallizing the industrial wastewater, and discharging the residual heat of the wastewater crystallization in the cooling tank to the evaporation tank; and the central control end is used for determining whether the preset evaporation heating temperature is adjusted or not and determining whether the preset evaporation heating temperature is adjusted or not. According to the invention, the industrial wastewater evaporation and crystallization process is controlled by the central control end, so that energy sources in the industrial wastewater evaporation and crystallization process are effectively enabled, and the purpose of saving energy sources is achieved while industrial wastewater is evaporated into crystals.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wastewater treatment, in particular to an evaporation crystallization system and method for nondegradable industrial wastewater.
Background
At present, industrial wastewater mainly solves the problem of standard discharge, and in recent years, a plurality of industrial enterprises, such as enterprises of refining, metallurgy and the like, respond to the call of national energy conservation and emission reduction, and carry out advanced treatment and recycling on the standard discharged wastewater, wherein part of concentrated water which is treated by reverse osmosis technology and contains high organic matters and inorganic salts cannot be treated, and the demand of zero emission technology and equipment is increasingly high.
Chinese patent publication No.: CN111559769a discloses an evaporation crystallization system and method for refractory industrial wastewater, which records the process from preheating to crystallization collection of wastewater in a device, but in the evaporation crystallization process, the solution does not solve the problem of opening and closing time of each node, and waste of redundant energy sources in the process is easily caused, so that the following problems exist in the above scheme: the industrial wastewater is not monitored in the process from preheating to evaporation and then to collection, so that energy waste is caused, and therefore, the state of each step of the industrial wastewater in the evaporation and crystallization process is accurately controlled, and the accurate control of the time node of the industrial wastewater becomes the current problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention provides an evaporation crystallization system and an evaporation crystallization method for industrial wastewater which are difficult to degrade, and aims to solve the problem of energy waste in the evaporation crystallization process of industrial wastewater in the prior art.
In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides an evaporation crystallization system for industrial wastewater which is difficult to degrade, comprising,
the device comprises a preheating tank, a waste water pipeline and a first heater, wherein the preheating tank is used for preheating industrial wastewater to be treated and discharging the industrial wastewater after preheating through the waste water pipeline;
the evaporation tank is connected with the waste water pipeline and used for receiving industrial wastewater discharged by the waste water pipeline, a second heater is arranged in the evaporation tank and used for heating and evaporating the industrial wastewater in the evaporation tank, a first steam pipeline is arranged at the top of the evaporation tank and used for discharging steam in the evaporation tank into the preheating tank for preheating, a crystallization discharge pipeline is arranged at the bottom of the evaporation tank and used for discharging wastewater crystals generated after the industrial wastewater is evaporated in the evaporation tank, and a height detection device is arranged in the evaporation tank and used for detecting the real-time crystallization height of the wastewater crystals;
The cooling tank is connected with the crystallization discharge pipeline and is used for receiving industrial wastewater crystals discharged by the crystallization discharge pipeline and cooling the industrial wastewater crystals, and a second steam pipeline is arranged at one side of the cooling tank and is used for discharging waste heat of wastewater crystals in the cooling tank to the evaporation tank;
the central control end is respectively connected with the preheating tank, the evaporating tank and the cooling tank, a first standard crystallization height and a second standard crystallization height are arranged in the central control end, the real-time crystallization height detected by the height detection device is compared with the standard crystallization height to determine whether the preset evaporation heating temperature is adjusted, a standard crystallization rate is also arranged in the central control end, when the real-time crystallization height is between the first standard crystallization height and the second standard crystallization height, the actual crystallization rate is calculated according to the unit detection time length and the height change amount of wastewater crystallization, the actual crystallization rate is compared with the standard crystallization rate, whether the preset evaporation heating temperature is adjusted is determined, a standard air flow rate is also arranged in the central control end, the real-time air flow rate in the evaporating tank is compared with the real-time air flow rate in the evaporating tank, and whether the air flow rate in the evaporating tank and the wastewater evaporation crystallization time length are adjusted is determined.
Further, a height detection device is arranged in the evaporation tank and used for detecting the real-time crystallization height in the evaporation tank, a second steam valve is arranged in the second steam pipeline and used for controlling the waste heat of the waste water crystallization in the cooling tank to be discharged into the evaporation tank, a first standard crystallization height H1 and a second standard crystallization height H2 are arranged in the central control end, wherein the first standard crystallization height H1 is lower than the second standard crystallization height H2, a preset waste water evaporation crystallization time length ta is also arranged in the central control end, when the preheating tank discharges the industrial waste water into the evaporation tank, the central control end controls the second heater to heat the industrial waste water at a preset evaporation heating temperature Ty, the height detection device detects the real-time crystallization height Hs in the evaporation tank, the central control end compares the real-time crystallization height Hs with the first standard crystallization height H1 and the second standard crystallization height H2,
when Hs is smaller than H1, the central control end judges that the real-time crystallization height is lower than the first standard crystallization height, the central control end does not adjust the state of the second heater, and judges whether to open a second steam valve according to the real-time heat dissipation temperature in the cooling tank and the real-time wastewater temperature in the steam tank;
When H1 is less than Hs and less than H2, the central control end judges that the real-time crystallization height is between the first standard crystallization height and the second standard crystallization height, and the central control end judges whether to adjust the preset evaporation heating temperature Ty according to the real-time crystallization rate in the evaporation tank;
when Hs > H2, the central control end judges that the real-time crystallization height is higher than the second standard crystallization height, the central control end turns off the second heater, turns on the crystallization discharge pipeline after the wastewater evaporation crystallization time length ta is preset, and discharges industrial wastewater crystals into the cooling tank for cooling.
Further, a unit detection time period td is provided in the central control end, when the real-time crystallization height is between the first standard crystallization height and the second standard crystallization height, the central control end obtains the height variation Hi of the wastewater crystallization in the unit detection time period td, and the central control end calculates a real-time crystallization rate Vs, vs=hi/td and determines whether to adjust the preset evaporation heating temperature.
Further, the central control end is internally provided with a standard crystallization rate Vb and a standard crystallization rate difference DeltaVb, the central control end calculates a real-time crystallization rate difference DeltaVs, deltaVs= -Vb-Vs| according to the calculated real-time crystallization rate Vs and the standard crystallization rate difference DeltaVb, the central control end compares the standard crystallization rate difference DeltaVb with the real-time crystallization rate difference DeltaVs,
When DeltaVs is less than or equal to DeltaVb, the central control end judges that the real-time crystallization rate difference is not higher than the standard crystallization rate difference, and the central control end does not adjust the preset evaporation heating temperature Ty;
when DeltaVs > DeltaVb, the central control end judges that the real-time crystallization rate difference is higher than the standard crystallization rate difference, the central control end compares the real-time crystallization rate with the standard crystallization rate, and the central control end judges whether to adjust the preset evaporation heating temperature Ty.
Further, when the central control end judges that the real-time crystallization rate difference is higher than the standard crystallization rate difference, the standard crystallization rate is compared with the real-time crystallization rate,
when Vs is larger than Vb, the central control end judges that the real-time crystallization rate is higher than the standard crystallization rate, and the central control end judges that the preset evaporation heating temperature Ty is not adjusted;
when Vs is smaller than Vb, the central control end judges that the real-time crystallization rate is lower than the standard crystallization rate, and adjusts the preset evaporation heating temperature Ty to be Ty ', ty' =Ty+Tyx [ (H2-Hs)/Hs ].
Further, a flow rate detection device and an axial flow fan are arranged in the steam tank, the flow rate detection device is used for detecting the real-time air flow rate at the position of the wastewater level in the steam tank, the axial flow fan is used for adjusting the air flow rate in the steam tank, a standard air flow rate Sp is arranged in the central control end, when the real-time crystallization height is higher than a second standard crystallization height, the central control end closes the second heater and starts the axial flow fan at preset power Wy, the flow rate detection device is used for detecting the real-time air flow rate Sa at the position of the wastewater level in the steam tank, the central control end compares the real-time air flow rate detected by the flow rate detection device with the standard air flow rate,
When Sa < Sp, the central control end judges that the real-time air flow rate is lower than the standard air flow rate, the central control end adjusts the preset power Wy of the axial flow fan to Wy ', wy ' =Wy+Wy× (Sp-Sa)/Sp, and judges Wy ' according to the real-time crystallization height in the evaporation tank to determine whether to adjust ta;
when Sa is more than or equal to Sp, the central control end judges that the real-time air flow rate is not lower than the standard air flow rate, the central control end does not adjust the preset power of the axial fan, and the preset wastewater evaporation crystallization time length ta is adjusted to be ta ', ta' =ta-ta× (Sa-Sp)/Sp.
Further, the central control end is internally provided with the maximum power Wz of the axial flow fan, when the central control end judges that the real-time air flow rate is lower than the standard air flow rate, the central control end adjusts the preset power Wy of the axial flow fan to Wy ', and compares the adjusted preset power Wy' with the maximum power Wz;
when Wy' is less than or equal to Wz, the central control end judges that the adjusted power is not higher than the maximum power, and the central control end does not adjust the wastewater evaporation crystallization time length ta;
when Wy ' > Wz, the central control end judges that the adjusted power is higher than the maximum power, the central control end controls the axial flow fan to operate at the maximum power Wz, and the wastewater evaporation crystallization time length ta is adjusted to be ta ', ta ' = (ta multiplied by vs multiplied by td)/Hi. .
Further, a first temperature detection device is arranged in the evaporation tank, a second temperature detection device is arranged in the cooling tank, when the real-time crystallization height is judged to be lower than the first standard crystallization height, the central control end detects the real-time wastewater temperature Ts in the evaporation tank through the first temperature detection device and detects the real-time heat dissipation temperature Tw in the cooling tank through the second temperature detection device, and the central control end compares the real-time wastewater temperature Ts with the real-time heat dissipation temperature Tw;
when Ts is less than Tw, the central control end judges that the real-time wastewater temperature is lower than the real-time heat dissipation temperature, and the central control end controls the second steam valve to be opened;
when Ts is more than or equal to Tw, the central control end judges that the temperature of the real-time waste water in the evaporation tank is not lower than the real-time heat dissipation temperature, and the central control end controls the second steam valve to be closed.
The invention also provides an evaporation crystallization method of the refractory industrial wastewater, which is applied to any one of the evaporation crystallization systems of the refractory industrial wastewater, and comprises,
step S1, injecting industrial wastewater into the preheating tank, starting a first heater under the control of a central control end, preheating the industrial wastewater in the preheating tank, discharging the preheated industrial wastewater into an evaporation tank through a wastewater pipeline, and enabling steam generated in the evaporation tank to flow into the preheating tank through the first steam pipeline;
Step S2, heating and evaporating the industrial wastewater in the evaporation tank by controlling the central control end to start the second heater, comparing the real-time crystallization height detected by the height detection device with the standard crystallization height by controlling the central control end, closing the second heater and starting the axial flow fan, detecting the real-time air flow rate by setting the flow rate detection device, comparing the real-time air flow rate with the standard air flow rate, and adjusting the power of the axial flow fan when the real-time air flow rate is lower than the standard air flow rate;
step S3, when the preset power of the adjusted axial flow fan is higher than the maximum power, the wastewater evaporation crystallization time is adjusted, and after the wastewater evaporation crystallization time is over, the crystallization discharge pipeline is opened, and industrial wastewater is crystallized and discharged into the cooling tank for cooling;
and S4, controlling the central control end, and judging whether to open a second steam valve in the second steam pipeline according to comparison between the real-time heat dissipation temperature in the cooling tank and the real-time wastewater temperature of the industrial wastewater in the evaporation tank.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the beneficial effects that the preheated industrial wastewater is heated and evaporated in the evaporation tank, the standard crystallization height and the real-time crystallization height which are set by the central control end are compared, whether the preset evaporation heating temperature is adjusted or not is judged according to the comparison result, the standard air flow rate and the real-time air flow rate in the central control end are compared, whether the air flow rate and the wastewater evaporation crystallization time length in the evaporation tank are adjusted or not is judged according to the comparison result, the central control module opens the crystallization discharge pipeline according to the judgment result, the generated crystals are discharged into the cooling tank, the steam generated in the evaporation crystallization process of the evaporation tank is discharged into the preheating tank through the first steam pipeline, the industrial wastewater in the preheating tank is preheated, the purpose of saving energy is achieved, and the waste heat generated by the wastewater crystallization in the cooling tank is discharged into the evaporation tank through the second steam pipeline, so that the heat is provided for the evaporation of the industrial wastewater, and the purpose of saving energy is achieved.
In particular, the standard crystallization height and the real-time crystallization height arranged in the central control module are compared, whether the evaporation heating temperature is required to be adjusted or not and whether the second steam valve is opened or not are determined according to comparison results, and the use of energy is accurately controlled, so that the aim of achieving industrial wastewater evaporation crystallization is achieved, the energy loss is enabled to be minimum, and the waste of energy is avoided.
Furthermore, the real-time crystallization rate is calculated through the unit detection time length and the wastewater crystallization height variation obtained by the central control end, and data support is provided for whether the central control end adjusts the preset evaporation heating temperature.
Further, the real-time crystallization rate difference is calculated through the real-time crystallization rate and the standard crystallization rate calculated by the central control end, and the real-time crystallization rate difference is compared with the standard crystallization rate difference of the central control end, so that the situation that the central control end does not adjust the preset evaporation heating temperature Ty can be accurately judged, and a data basis is provided for judging whether the central control end adjusts the preset evaporation heating temperature Ty or not.
Further, by comparing the real-time crystallization rate with the standard crystallization rate when the real-time crystallization rate difference is higher than the standard crystallization rate difference, whether the preset evaporation heating temperature is adjusted or not and the temperature value after the preset evaporation heating temperature is adjusted can be accurately determined according to the comparison result.
Further, by comparing the real-time air flow rate with the standard air flow rate of the central control end, whether the preset power of the axial fan is adjusted can be judged according to the judging result, and when the preset power of the axial fan is not adjusted, the central control end can calculate the evaporation crystallization time length of the preset wastewater.
Further, through the comparison result of the preset power and the adjusted power of the axial fan at the central control end, whether the wastewater evaporation crystallization time length is adjusted is judged, and if the wastewater evaporation crystallization time length is required to be adjusted, the central control end can calculate the adjusted wastewater evaporation crystallization time length.
Further, through the comparison result of the temperature in the central control end and the cooling tank and the temperature in the evaporating tank, whether the second steam valve is opened or not can be determined, and the waste heat in the cooling tank is input into the evaporating tank, so that the energy utilization efficiency is improved, and the energy loss is reduced.
Further, by discharging the preheated industrial wastewater into the evaporation tank, comparing the standard crystallization height set by the central control end with the real-time crystallization height, calculating whether to adjust the preset evaporation heating temperature through the central control end according to a comparison result, judging whether to adjust the preset power of the axial flow fan according to a comparison result of the real-time air flow rate and the standard air flow rate, judging the wastewater evaporation crystallization time according to the comparison result, opening a crystallization discharge pipeline after the wastewater evaporation crystallization time, discharging the industrial wastewater crystallization into the cooling tank for cooling, and judging whether to discharge the heat generated in the cooling process into the evaporation tank for providing heat for the industrial wastewater evaporation crystallization through the central control end.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an evaporation crystallization system for refractory industrial wastewater according to the embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of the method for evaporating and crystallizing the refractory industrial wastewater according to the embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order that the objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent, the invention will be further described with reference to the following examples; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are merely for explaining the technical principles of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are merely for convenience of description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to the specific circumstances.
Referring to fig. 1, which is a schematic structural diagram of an evaporation crystallization system for refractory industrial wastewater according to the present embodiment, the present embodiment discloses an evaporation crystallization system for refractory industrial wastewater, which includes a preheating tank 1, a waste water pipeline 101, a first heater 102, an evaporation tank 2, a second heater 201, a first steam pipeline 202, a crystallization discharge pipeline 203, a height detection device 204, a flow rate detection device 205, an axial fan 206, a first temperature detection device 207, a cooling tank 3, a second steam pipeline 301, a second steam valve 302, a second temperature detection device 303, and a central control end (not shown in the drawing), wherein,
A preheating tank 1 for preheating industrial wastewater to be treated and discharging the preheated industrial wastewater through a wastewater pipeline 101, wherein a first heater 102 is further arranged in the preheating tank 1 for heating the industrial wastewater in the preheating tank 1;
the evaporation tank 2 is connected with the waste water pipeline 101 and is used for receiving industrial waste water discharged by the waste water pipeline 101, a second heater 201 is arranged in the evaporation tank 2 and is used for heating and evaporating the industrial waste water in the evaporation tank 2, a first steam pipeline 202 is arranged at the top of the evaporation tank 2 and is used for discharging steam in the evaporation tank 2 into the preheating tank 1 for preheating, a crystallization discharge pipeline 203 is arranged at the bottom of the evaporation tank 2 and is used for discharging waste water crystals generated after the industrial waste water is evaporated in the evaporation tank 2, and a height detection device 204 is arranged in the evaporation tank 2 and is used for detecting the real-time crystallization height of the waste water crystals;
a cooling tank 3 connected to the crystallization discharge pipe 203, wherein the cooling tank 3 is configured to receive and cool the industrial wastewater crystals discharged from the crystallization discharge pipe 203, and a second steam pipe 301 is disposed at one side of the cooling tank 3, so as to discharge the residual heat of the wastewater crystals in the cooling tank 3 to the evaporation tank 2;
The central control end is respectively connected with the preheating tank 1, the evaporating tank 2 and the cooling tank 3, a first standard crystallization height and a second standard crystallization height are arranged in the central control end, the real-time crystallization height detected by the height detection device 204 is compared with the standard crystallization height to determine whether to adjust the preset evaporation heating temperature, a standard crystallization rate is also arranged in the central control end, when the real-time crystallization height is between the first standard crystallization height and the second standard crystallization height, the actual crystallization rate is calculated according to the unit detection time length and the change of the height of the wastewater crystallization, the actual crystallization rate is compared with the standard crystallization rate, whether to adjust the preset evaporation heating temperature is determined, and a standard air flow rate is also arranged in the central control end and is compared with the real-time air flow rate in the evaporating tank 2 to determine whether to adjust the air flow rate in the evaporating tank 2 and the wastewater evaporation crystallization time length.
The preheated industrial wastewater is heated and evaporated in the evaporation tank 2, the standard crystallization height and the real-time crystallization height which are set through the central control end are compared, the standard crystallization rate and the real-time crystallization rate in the central control end are compared, whether the preset evaporation heating temperature is adjusted or not is judged according to the comparison result, the standard air flow rate and the real-time air flow rate in the central control end are compared, whether the air flow rate and the wastewater evaporation crystallization time in the evaporation tank 2 are adjusted or not is judged according to the comparison result, the central control module opens the crystallization discharge pipeline 203 according to the judgment result, the generated crystals are discharged into the cooling tank 3, steam generated in the evaporation crystallization process of the evaporation tank 2 is discharged into the preheating tank 1 through the first steam pipeline 202, the industrial wastewater in the preheating tank 1 is preheated, the waste heat generated by the wastewater crystallization in the cooling tank 3 is discharged into the evaporation tank 2 through the second steam pipeline 301, and the purpose of energy conservation is achieved.
Specifically, a height detection device 204 is disposed in the evaporation tank 2 and is used for detecting the real-time crystallization height in the evaporation tank 2, a second steam valve 302 is disposed in the second steam pipe 301 and is used for controlling the waste heat of the wastewater in the cooling tank 3 to be discharged into the evaporation tank 2, a first standard crystallization height H1 and a second standard crystallization height H2 are disposed in the central control end, wherein the first standard crystallization height H1 is lower than the second standard crystallization height H2, a preset wastewater evaporation crystallization time ta is also disposed in the central control end, when the preheating tank 1 discharges the industrial wastewater into the evaporation tank 2, the central control end controls the second heater 201 to heat the industrial wastewater at a preset evaporation heating temperature Ty, the height detection device 204 detects the real-time crystallization height Hs in the evaporation tank 2 and compares the real-time crystallization height Hs with the first standard crystallization height H1 and the second standard crystallization height H2,
when Hs is less than H1, the central control end determines that the real-time crystallization height is lower than the first standard crystallization height, the central control end does not adjust the state of the second heater 201, and determines whether to open the second steam valve 302 according to the real-time heat dissipation temperature in the cooling tank 3 and the real-time wastewater temperature in the steam tank;
When H1 is less than Hs and less than H2, the central control end judges that the real-time crystallization height is between the first standard crystallization height and the second standard crystallization height, and the central control end judges whether to adjust the preset evaporation heating temperature Ty according to the real-time crystallization rate in the evaporation tank 2;
when Hs > H2, the central control end determines that the real-time crystallization height is higher than the second standard crystallization height, and the central control end turns off the second heater 201 and turns on the crystallization discharge pipe 203 after the wastewater evaporation crystallization period ta is preset, so as to discharge the industrial wastewater crystals into the cooling tank 3 for cooling.
The standard crystallization height and the real-time crystallization height arranged in the central control module are compared, whether the evaporation heating temperature needs to be adjusted or not is determined according to the comparison result, and whether the second steam valve 302 is opened or not is determined, so that the use of energy is accurately controlled, the aim of achieving industrial wastewater evaporation crystallization is achieved, the energy loss can be minimized, and the waste of energy is avoided.
Specifically, a unit detection time period td is set in the central control end, when the real-time crystallization height is between the first standard crystallization height and the second standard crystallization height, the central control end obtains the height variation Hi of the wastewater crystallization in the unit detection time period td, and the central control end calculates the real-time crystallization rate Vs, vs=hi/td and judges Vs to determine whether to adjust the preset evaporation heating temperature.
And calculating the real-time crystallization rate through the unit detection time length and the wastewater crystallization height variation obtained by the central control end, and providing data support for whether the central control end adjusts the preset evaporation heating temperature.
Specifically, the central control end is internally provided with a standard crystallization rate Vb and a standard crystallization rate difference DeltaVb, the central control end calculates a real-time crystallization rate difference DeltaVs, deltaVs= -Vb-Vs| according to the calculated real-time crystallization rate Vs and the standard crystallization rate difference DeltaVb, the central control end compares the standard crystallization rate difference DeltaVb with the real-time crystallization rate difference DeltaVs,
when DeltaVs is less than or equal to DeltaVb, the central control end judges that the real-time crystallization rate difference is not higher than the standard crystallization rate difference, and the central control end does not adjust the preset evaporation heating temperature Ty;
when DeltaVs > DeltaVb, the central control end judges that the real-time crystallization rate difference is higher than the standard crystallization rate difference, the central control end compares the real-time crystallization rate with the standard crystallization rate, and the central control end judges whether to adjust the preset evaporation heating temperature Ty.
The real-time crystallization rate difference is calculated through the real-time crystallization rate and the standard crystallization rate calculated by the central control end, and the real-time crystallization rate difference is compared with the standard crystallization rate difference of the central control end, so that the condition that the central control end does not adjust the preset evaporation heating temperature Ty can be accurately judged, and a data basis is provided for judging whether the central control end adjusts the preset evaporation heating temperature Ty or not.
Specifically, the central control end compares the standard crystallization rate with the real-time crystallization rate when judging that the real-time crystallization rate difference is higher than the standard crystallization rate difference,
when Vs is larger than Vb, the central control end judges that the real-time crystallization rate is higher than the standard crystallization rate, and the central control end judges that the preset evaporation heating temperature Ty is not adjusted;
when Vs is smaller than Vb, the central control end judges that the real-time crystallization rate is lower than the standard crystallization rate, and adjusts the preset evaporation heating temperature Ty to be Ty ', ty' =Ty+Tyx [ (H2-Hs)/Hs ].
By comparing the real-time crystallization rate with the standard crystallization rate when the real-time crystallization rate difference is higher than the standard crystallization rate difference, whether the preset evaporation heating temperature is adjusted or not and the temperature value after the preset evaporation heating temperature is adjusted can be accurately determined according to the comparison result.
Specifically, a flow rate detecting device 205 and an axial flow fan 206 are disposed in the steam tank, the flow rate detecting device 205 is configured to detect a real-time air flow rate at a wastewater level in the steam tank, the axial flow fan 206 is configured to adjust the air flow rate in the steam tank, a standard air flow rate Sp is disposed in the central control end, when the real-time crystallization height is higher than a second standard crystallization height, the central control end turns off the second heater 201 and starts the axial flow fan 206 with a preset power Wy, the flow rate detecting device 205 detects a real-time air flow rate Sa at the wastewater level in the steam tank, the central control end compares the real-time air flow rate detected by the flow rate detecting device 205 with the standard air flow rate,
When Sa < Sp, the central control end determines that the real-time air flow rate is lower than the standard air flow rate, adjusts the preset power Wy of the axial flow fan 206 to Wy ', wy ' =wy+wy× (Sp-Sa)/Sp, and determines Wy ' according to the real-time crystallization height in the evaporation tank 2 to determine whether to adjust ta;
when Sa is greater than or equal to Sp, the central control end determines that the real-time air flow rate is not lower than the standard air flow rate, and the central control end does not adjust the preset power of the axial fan 206 and adjusts the preset wastewater evaporation crystallization time ta to ta ', ta' =ta-ta× (Sa-Sp)/Sp.
By comparing the real-time air flow rate with the standard air flow rate of the central control end, according to the judging result, whether the preset power of the axial fan 206 is adjusted can be judged, and when the preset power of the axial fan 206 is not adjusted, the central control end can calculate the evaporation crystallization time length of the preset wastewater.
Specifically, the central control end is provided with the maximum power Wz of the axial flow fan 206, and when the central control end determines that the real-time air flow rate is lower than the standard air flow rate, the central control end adjusts the preset power Wy of the axial flow fan 206 to Wy ', and compares the adjusted preset power Wy' with the maximum power Wz;
When Wy' is less than or equal to Wz, the central control end judges that the adjusted power is not higher than the maximum power, and the central control end does not adjust the wastewater evaporation crystallization time length ta;
when Wy ' > Wz, the central control end determines that the adjusted power is higher than the maximum power, and the central control end controls the axial flow fan 206 to operate at the maximum power Wz and adjusts the wastewater evaporation crystallization time ta to be ta ', tb ' = (ta×vs×td)/Hi.
And judging whether to adjust the wastewater evaporation crystallization time length or not through the comparison result of the preset power and the adjusted power of the axial fan 206 by the central control end, and if the wastewater evaporation crystallization time length needs to be adjusted, calculating the adjusted wastewater evaporation crystallization time length by the central control end.
Specifically, a first temperature detecting device 207 is disposed in the evaporation tank 2, a second temperature detecting device 303 is disposed in the cooling tank 3, when the real-time crystallization height is determined to be lower than the first standard crystallization height, the central control end detects the real-time wastewater temperature Ts in the evaporation tank 2 through the first temperature detecting device 207, detects the real-time heat dissipation temperature Tw in the cooling tank 3 through the second temperature detecting device 303, and compares the real-time wastewater temperature Ts with the real-time heat dissipation temperature Tw;
When Ts is less than Tw, the central control end judges that the real-time wastewater temperature is lower than the real-time heat dissipation temperature, and the central control end controls the second steam valve 302 to be opened;
when Ts is more than or equal to Tw, the central control end judges that the temperature of the real-time waste water in the evaporation tank 2 is not lower than the real-time heat dissipation temperature, and the central control end controls the second steam valve 302 to be closed.
By comparing the temperature in the central control end and the cooling tank 3 with the temperature in the evaporating tank 2, whether the second steam valve 302 is opened or not can be determined, and the waste heat in the cooling tank 3 is input into the evaporating tank 2, so that the energy utilization efficiency is improved, and the energy loss is reduced.
With continued reference to fig. 2, the method for evaporating and crystallizing refractory industrial wastewater according to the present embodiment is applied to any one of the evaporating and crystallizing systems for refractory industrial wastewater, and includes,
step S1, injecting industrial wastewater into the preheating tank 1, starting a first heater 102 under the control of a central control end, preheating the industrial wastewater in the preheating tank 1, and discharging the preheated industrial wastewater into an evaporation tank 2 through a wastewater pipeline 101, wherein steam generated in the evaporation tank 2 flows into the preheating tank 1 through a first steam pipeline 202;
Step S2, the central control end is controlled to turn on the second heater 201, heat and evaporate industrial wastewater in the evaporation tank 2, the central control end is controlled to compare the real-time crystallization height detected by the height detection device 204 with a standard crystallization height, the second heater 201 is controlled to be turned off and the axial flow fan 206 is started, the flow rate detection device 205 is set to detect the real-time air flow rate, the real-time air flow rate is compared with the standard air flow rate, and when the real-time air flow rate is lower than the standard air flow rate, the power of the axial flow fan 206 is adjusted;
step S3, when the preset power of the adjusted axial flow fan 206 is higher than the maximum power, the wastewater evaporation crystallization time is adjusted, and after the wastewater evaporation crystallization time is over, the crystallization discharge pipeline 203 is opened, and industrial wastewater crystallization is discharged into the cooling tank 3 for cooling;
and S4, discharging the crystals into the cooling tank 3 for cooling, and judging whether to open the second steam valve 302 in the second steam pipeline 301 according to the comparison between the real-time heat dissipation temperature in the cooling tank 3 and the real-time wastewater temperature of the industrial wastewater in the evaporation tank 2 by the central control end.
By discharging preheated industrial wastewater into the evaporation tank 2, comparing the standard crystallization height set by the central control end with the real-time crystallization height, calculating whether to adjust the preset evaporation heating temperature through the central control end according to the comparison result, judging whether to adjust the preset power of the axial flow fan 206 according to the comparison result of the real-time air flow rate and the standard air flow rate, judging the wastewater evaporation crystallization time according to the comparison result, opening the crystallization discharge pipeline 203 after the wastewater evaporation crystallization time, discharging the industrial wastewater crystallization into the cooling tank 3 for cooling, and judging whether to discharge the heat generated in the cooling process into the evaporation tank 2 through the central control end for providing heat for the industrial wastewater evaporation crystallization.
Thus far, the technical solution of the present invention has been described in connection with the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings, but it is easily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to these specific embodiments. Equivalent modifications and substitutions for related technical features may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present invention, and such modifications and substitutions will be within the scope of the present invention.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention; various modifications and variations of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. An evaporation crystallization system for industrial wastewater difficult to degrade, which is characterized by comprising,
the device comprises a preheating tank, a waste water pipeline and a first heater, wherein the preheating tank is used for preheating industrial wastewater to be treated and discharging the industrial wastewater after preheating through the waste water pipeline;
the evaporation tank is connected with the waste water pipeline and used for receiving industrial wastewater discharged by the waste water pipeline, a second heater is arranged in the evaporation tank and used for heating and evaporating the industrial wastewater in the evaporation tank, a first steam pipeline is arranged at the top of the evaporation tank and used for discharging steam in the evaporation tank into the preheating tank for preheating, a crystallization discharge pipeline is arranged at the bottom of the evaporation tank and used for discharging wastewater crystals generated after the industrial wastewater is evaporated in the evaporation tank, and a height detection device is arranged in the evaporation tank and used for detecting the real-time crystallization height of the wastewater crystals;
The cooling tank is connected with the crystallization discharge pipeline and is used for cooling industrial wastewater crystals discharged by the crystallization discharge pipeline, and a second steam pipeline is arranged at one side of the cooling tank and is used for discharging waste heat of wastewater crystals in the cooling tank to the evaporation tank;
the central control end is respectively connected with the preheating tank, the evaporating tank and the cooling tank, a first standard crystallization height and a second standard crystallization height are arranged in the central control end, the real-time crystallization height detected by the height detection device is compared with the standard crystallization height to determine whether the preset evaporation heating temperature is adjusted, a standard crystallization rate is also arranged in the central control end, when the real-time crystallization height is between the first standard crystallization height and the second standard crystallization height, the real-time crystallization rate is calculated according to the unit detection time length and the height variation of the wastewater crystallization, the real-time crystallization rate is compared with the standard crystallization rate, whether the preset evaporation heating temperature is adjusted is determined, the standard air flow rate is also arranged in the central control end and is compared with the real-time air flow rate in the evaporating tank, and whether the real-time air flow rate and the wastewater evaporation crystallization time length in the evaporating tank are adjusted is determined.
2. The evaporative crystallization system of refractory industrial wastewater according to claim 1, wherein a second steam valve is disposed in the second steam pipe for controlling the waste heat of wastewater crystallization in the cooling tank to be discharged into the evaporation tank, a first standard crystallization height H1 and a second standard crystallization height H2 are disposed in the central control end, wherein the first standard crystallization height H1 is lower than the second standard crystallization height H2, a preset wastewater evaporative crystallization time ta is further disposed in the central control end, when the industrial wastewater is discharged into the evaporation tank by the preheating tank, the central control end controls the second heater to heat the industrial wastewater at a preset evaporative heating temperature Ty, the height detection device detects the real-time crystallization height Hs in the evaporation tank, the central control end compares the real-time crystallization height with the first standard crystallization height H1 and the second standard crystallization height H2, respectively,
when Hs is smaller than H1, the central control end judges that the real-time crystallization height is lower than the first standard crystallization height, the central control end does not adjust the state of the second heater, and judges whether to open a second steam valve according to the real-time heat dissipation temperature in the cooling tank and the real-time wastewater temperature in the steam tank;
When H1 is less than Hs and less than H2, the central control end judges that the real-time crystallization height is between the first standard crystallization height and the second standard crystallization height, and the central control end judges whether to adjust the preset evaporation heating temperature Ty according to the real-time crystallization rate in the evaporation tank;
when Hs > H2, the central control end judges that the real-time crystallization height is higher than the second standard crystallization height, the central control end turns off the second heater, turns on the crystallization discharge pipeline after the wastewater evaporation crystallization time length ta is preset, and discharges industrial wastewater crystals into the cooling tank for cooling.
3. The evaporative crystallization system of refractory industrial wastewater according to claim 2, wherein a unit detection time period td is provided in the central control end, and when the real-time crystallization height is between the first standard crystallization height and the second standard crystallization height, the central control end obtains a height variation Hi of wastewater crystallization in the unit detection time period td, calculates a real-time crystallization rate Vs, vs=hi/td, and determines the real-time crystallization rate Vs to determine whether to adjust the preset evaporative heating temperature.
4. The evaporative crystallization system for nondegradable industrial wastewater according to claim 3, wherein the central control terminal is provided with a standard crystallization rate Vb and a standard crystallization rate difference DeltaVb, the central control terminal calculates a real-time crystallization rate difference DeltaVs, deltaVs= | Vb-Vs| according to the calculated real-time crystallization rate Vs and the standard crystallization rate difference DeltaVb, the central control terminal compares the standard crystallization rate difference DeltaVb with the real-time crystallization rate difference DeltaVs,
When DeltaVs is less than or equal to DeltaVb, the central control end judges that the real-time crystallization rate difference is not higher than the standard crystallization rate difference, and the central control end does not adjust the preset evaporation heating temperature Ty;
when DeltaVs > DeltaVb, the central control end judges that the real-time crystallization rate difference is higher than the standard crystallization rate difference, the central control end compares the real-time crystallization rate with the standard crystallization rate, and the central control end judges whether to adjust the preset evaporation heating temperature Ty.
5. The evaporative crystallization system for nondegradable industrial wastewater as defined in claim 4, wherein the central control terminal compares the standard crystallization rate with the real-time crystallization rate when determining that the real-time crystallization rate difference is higher than the standard crystallization rate difference,
when Vs is larger than Vb, the central control end judges that the real-time crystallization rate is higher than the standard crystallization rate, and the central control end judges that the preset evaporation heating temperature Ty is not adjusted;
when Vs is smaller than Vb, the central control end judges that the real-time crystallization rate is lower than the standard crystallization rate, and adjusts the preset evaporation heating temperature Ty to be Ty ', ty' =Ty+Tyx [ (H2-Hs)/Hs ].
6. The evaporative crystallization system of refractory industrial wastewater according to claim 2, wherein a flow rate detection device and an axial flow fan are arranged in the steam tank, the flow rate detection device is used for detecting the real-time air flow rate at the wastewater level in the steam tank, the axial flow fan is used for adjusting the air flow rate in the steam tank, a standard air flow rate Sp is arranged in the central control end, when the real-time crystallization height is higher than a second standard crystallization height, the central control end turns off the second heater and starts the axial flow fan at a preset power Wy,
The flow rate detection device detects the real-time air flow rate Sa of the wastewater level position in the steam tank, the central control end compares the real-time air flow rate detected by the flow rate detection device with the standard air flow rate,
when Sa < Sp, the central control end judges that the real-time air flow rate is lower than the standard air flow rate, the central control end adjusts the preset power Wy of the axial flow fan to Wy ', wy ' =Wy+Wy× (Sp-Sa)/Sp, and judges Wy ' according to the real-time crystallization height in the evaporation tank to determine whether to adjust ta;
when Sa is more than or equal to Sp, the central control end judges that the real-time air flow rate is not lower than the standard air flow rate, the central control end does not adjust the preset power of the axial fan, and the preset wastewater evaporation crystallization time length ta is adjusted to be ta ', ta' =ta-ta× (Sa-Sp)/Sp.
7. The evaporative crystallization system of refractory industrial wastewater according to claim 6, wherein the maximum power Wz of the axial flow fan is provided in the central control end, the central control end adjusts the preset power Wy of the axial flow fan to Wy 'when determining that the real-time air flow rate is lower than the standard air flow rate, and compares the adjusted preset power Wy' with the maximum power Wz,
When Wy' is less than or equal to Wz, the central control end judges that the adjusted power is not higher than the maximum power, and the central control end does not adjust the wastewater evaporation crystallization time length ta;
when Wy ' > Wz, the central control end judges that the adjusted preset power is higher than the maximum power, the central control end controls the axial flow fan to operate at the maximum power Wz, and the wastewater evaporation crystallization time length ta is adjusted to be ta ', ta ' = (ta multiplied by vs multiplied by td)/Hi.
8. The evaporative crystallization system of refractory industrial wastewater according to claim 2, wherein a first temperature detecting device is arranged in the evaporative tank, a second temperature detecting device is arranged in the cooling tank, the central control end detects the real-time wastewater temperature Ts in the evaporative tank through the first temperature detecting device and detects the real-time heat dissipation temperature Tw in the cooling tank through the second temperature detecting device when judging that the real-time crystallization height is lower than the first standard crystallization height, the central control end compares the real-time wastewater temperature Ts with the real-time heat dissipation temperature Tw,
when Ts is less than Tw, the central control end judges that the real-time wastewater temperature is lower than the real-time heat dissipation temperature, and the central control end controls the second steam valve to be opened;
When Ts is more than or equal to Tw, the central control end judges that the temperature of the real-time waste water in the evaporation tank is not lower than the real-time heat dissipation temperature, and the central control end controls the second steam valve to be closed.
9. An evaporative crystallization method of refractory industrial wastewater, applied to the evaporative crystallization system of refractory industrial wastewater according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized by comprising,
step S1, industrial wastewater is injected into the preheating tank, a first heater is controlled to be started through a central control end, the industrial wastewater is preheated in the preheating tank, the preheated industrial wastewater is discharged into an evaporation tank through a wastewater pipeline, and steam generated in the evaporation tank flows into the preheating tank through the first steam pipeline;
step S2, heating and evaporating the industrial wastewater in the evaporation tank by controlling the central control end to start the second heater, comparing the real-time crystallization height detected by the height detection device with the standard crystallization height by controlling the central control end, closing the second heater and starting the axial flow fan, detecting the real-time air flow rate by setting the flow rate detection device, comparing the real-time air flow rate with the standard air flow rate, and adjusting the power of the axial flow fan when the real-time air flow rate is lower than the standard air flow rate;
Step S3, when the preset power of the adjusted axial flow fan is higher than the maximum power, the wastewater evaporation crystallization time is adjusted, and after the wastewater evaporation crystallization time is over, the crystallization discharge pipeline is opened, and industrial wastewater is crystallized and discharged into the cooling tank for cooling;
and S4, judging whether to open a second steam valve in the second steam pipeline according to comparison between the real-time heat dissipation temperature in the cooling tank and the real-time wastewater temperature of the industrial wastewater in the evaporating tank.
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