CN116233764A - Reliable transmission method based on ICN and broadcast monitoring in Internet of vehicles - Google Patents

Reliable transmission method based on ICN and broadcast monitoring in Internet of vehicles Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116233764A
CN116233764A CN202111473354.4A CN202111473354A CN116233764A CN 116233764 A CN116233764 A CN 116233764A CN 202111473354 A CN202111473354 A CN 202111473354A CN 116233764 A CN116233764 A CN 116233764A
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content
vehicle
forwarding
data packet
requester
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邝建
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Guangdong University of Foreign Studies
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Guangdong University of Foreign Studies
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/06—Selective distribution of broadcast services, e.g. multimedia broadcast multicast service [MBMS]; Services to user groups; One-way selective calling services
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
    • H04W28/06—Optimizing the usage of the radio link, e.g. header compression, information sizing, discarding information
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W4/00—Services specially adapted for wireless communication networks; Facilities therefor
    • H04W4/30—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes
    • H04W4/40—Services specially adapted for particular environments, situations or purposes for vehicles, e.g. vehicle-to-pedestrians [V2P]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
    • H04W40/02—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing
    • H04W40/20—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing based on geographic position or location
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

Abstract

The invention discloses a reliable transmission method based on ICN and broadcast monitoring in the Internet of vehicles, which aims at the defect that transmission is unreliable because a transmission based on broadcasting does not have a 'send/confirm' mechanism in a link layer in the IEEE802.11p Internet of vehicles, and provides a method for retransmitting an unsuccessfully transmitted network packet based on broadcast monitoring by a sender by utilizing the ICN content-oriented property so as to achieve reliable transmission of content. Based on the content-oriented nature of ICN, a transmitting node may have multiple potential next-hop forwarding nodes when transmitting network packets; after the sending node sends the network packet, whether the sending node needs to retransmit or not is judged by monitoring whether at least any next hop forwarding node continues forwarding; the waiting judging time of the sending node and the maximum number of retransmission are determined by a statistical method; and finally, the reliability of transmission is improved through quick retransmission in the Internet of vehicles.

Description

Reliable transmission method based on ICN and broadcast monitoring in Internet of vehicles
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of wireless multi-hop networks, in particular to a method for transmitting contents in the Internet of vehicles with high node mobility, more particularly relates to a method for utilizing the idea of ICN network facing contents and based on broadcast monitoring, and provides a reliable transmission method based on ICN and broadcast monitoring.
Background
The Internet of vehicles can realize intelligent traffic management, intelligent dynamic information service and intelligent vehicle control, and is a typical application of the Internet of things technology in the field of traffic systems; and realizing high-efficiency and reliable content transmission in the Internet of vehicles is the basis of various functions of the Internet of vehicles.
In car networking applications such as in-car entertainment and intelligent transportation, a mobile vehicle is typically a requester of network content and needs to request content from other vehicles or roadside infrastructure in the network, where other vehicles and roadside infrastructure may be within one hop or may need to have multiple hops to transmit.
Protocols used in current wireless networks are generally directly transplanted from IP-based wired networks, and are not suitable for wireless networks with high mobility. In the multi-hop internet of vehicles using the ieee802.11p protocol for the link layer based on the TCP/IP protocol, since unicast transmission needs to specify a certain next-hop node, there is a general problem that a transmission path is unstable.
Therefore, the ICN-based Internet of vehicles becomes another technical implementation direction, and the content-oriented property of the ICN network enables the Internet of vehicles not to be assigned with a determined next hop node when network packets are transmitted, and the Internet of vehicles with high node mobility is more suitable by adopting an IEEE802.11p protocol broadcast transmission mode at a link layer.
However, the broadcast transmission mode adopting the ieee802.11p protocol at the link layer brings the problem of unreliable transmission, because the transmission mode has no "transmission/acknowledgement" mechanism, after the sender transmits the network packet, the receiver will not return the acknowledgement packet, so the sender cannot know whether the transmission is successful in a mode of whether the acknowledgement packet can be received; thereby causing a problem of insufficient transmission reliability.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art, and provides a reliable transmission method based on ICN and broadcast monitoring in the Internet of vehicles for the Internet of vehicles.
The aim of the invention is achieved by the following technical scheme:
the reliable transmission method based on ICN and broadcast monitoring in the Internet of vehicles is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, a distance table is arranged on a vehicle in the Internet of vehicles, and information such as a content name, a data packet serial number, a content provider identification, a content provider hop count, a requester identification, a requester hop count and the like is recorded in the distance table;
s2, after the content requester sends a request packet with a designated data packet sequence number, monitoring whether at least one vehicle is closer to the content provider than the content requester in the waiting time T, and forwarding the request packet; if yes, canceling retransmission, otherwise retransmitting the interest packet on the premise of not reaching the maximum retransmission times M;
s3, after the forwarding vehicle receives the request packet, the forwarding vehicle continues forwarding the request packet by adopting a similar transmission mode as the content requester until the request packet is received by the content provider;
after forwarding the request packet, monitoring whether at least one forwarding vehicle which is closer to the content provider is present in the waiting time T, and continuing forwarding the request packet, if so, canceling retransmission, otherwise, retransmitting the interest packet on the premise that the maximum retransmission times M are not reached;
s4, after receiving the request packet, the content provider sends a corresponding data packet, monitors whether at least one vehicle is closer to the content requester in waiting time T, and forwards the data packet; if yes, canceling retransmission, otherwise retransmitting the data packet on the premise that the maximum retransmission times M are not reached;
s5, after the forwarding vehicle receives the data packet, the data packet is continuously forwarded by adopting a transmission mode similar to that of the content provider until the data packet is received by the content requester;
after the forwarding vehicle forwards the data packet, monitoring whether at least one forwarding vehicle which is closer to the content requester is present in the waiting time T, and continuing to forward the data packet, if so, canceling retransmission, otherwise, retransmitting the data packet on the premise that the maximum retransmission times M are not reached.
Further, all request packets and data packets in the method are transmitted in a broadcast mode in the IEEE802.11p protocol;
further, the distance meter in the vehicle is established in an on-demand manner as follows:
1. a content requester in the Internet of vehicles broadcasts a first request packet when the content is needed, and other vehicles record information such as 'content name', 'requester identification', 'requester hop count' and the like in a distance table in the broadcasting process of the request packet;
2. the vehicle cached with the target content is a content provider, after receiving the request packet, a data packet without load is returned, only the vehicle which forwards the corresponding request packet can forward the data packet, and in the forwarding process, information such as 'provider identification', 'provider hop count' and the like is recorded in a distance table;
further, if the content requester receives the data packet without load returned by the plurality of content providers, selecting the one with the least hop count as the optimal content provider; if there are a plurality of content providers with the smallest hop count, one is randomly selected from them.
Further, only the vehicles which forward the first request packet and the data packet without load at the same time and record the related target content, the requester and the provider information in the own distance table are the vehicles for forwarding the content transmission and participate in the forwarding of the next request packet and the data packet.
Further, the sender obtains information about whether the vehicle to be forwarded is closer to the target or not through the monitored request packet or the monitored data packet, and the specific method is as follows:
when a content requester or a forwarding vehicle sends a request packet, the hop count of the current forwarding vehicle from a content provider is recorded in the request packet, and the information is obtained from a distance table of the forwarding vehicle, so that the content requester or the forwarding vehicle can obtain information about whether the forwarding vehicle is closer to the content provider than the forwarding vehicle by comparing the hop count value of the forwarding vehicle from the content provider in the distance table by monitoring the value in the obtained request packet;
when the content provider or the forwarding vehicle sends the data packet, the hop count of the current forwarding vehicle from the content requester is recorded in the data packet, and the information is obtained from a distance table of the forwarding vehicle, so that the content provider or the forwarding vehicle can obtain the information whether the forwarding vehicle is closer to the content requester than the forwarding vehicle by monitoring the value in the obtained data packet and comparing the value with the hop count value from the content requester in the distance table.
Further, the listening latency T of the sender is determined statistically, i.e
T＝max{CW×slotTime，RTO} (1)
Wherein, CW is a back-off window of broadcasting mode in IEEE802.11p protocol, slotTime is unit back-off time length, and RTO calculation method is as follows:
Figure BSA0000259846050000041
where α ε [0,1], RTO' is the old RTO value and Δt is the last waiting time.
Further, the maximum number M of sender retransmission request packets or data packets is determined statistically, i.e.
Figure BSA0000259846050000042
Where β ε [0,1], M0 is a fixed number, such as 3, M' is the total number of transmissions and retransmissions that the vehicle last time the request packet or data packet was successfully transmitted.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects:
(1) According to the invention, the Internet of vehicles can use a broadcasting mode to transmit the content, so that the robustness of a transmission link is increased.
(2) The method for determining retransmission based on broadcast monitoring in the Internet of vehicles improves the content transmission reliability of the Internet of vehicles.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the Internet of vehicles content transmission of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a distance meter of a vehicle in the internet of vehicles of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1, a content transmission process in the internet of vehicles is schematically illustrated, a node R is a content requester node, and a node P is a provider node in which target content is cached. There is a distance meter in all vehicles as shown in fig. 2.
In the content search phase, the requester R sends a search content request packet in a limited broadcast manner, and the search content request packet is forwarded through the vehicles A1, A2 and A3, and then the search content request packet is received by the content provider P after the forwarding of the vehicles B1, B2 and B3. In the request packet forwarding process, the vehicles R, A1, A2, A3, B1, B2, B3, and P record information such as "content name", "requester identification", and "requester hop count" in their own distance tables. For example, the vehicle A1 records the target "content name" as "contentName", "requester identification" as "requesterID" of the vehicle R, and "requester hop count" as "requesterHop" (value of 1), as shown in fig. 2.
After receiving the request packet, the content provider P returns a data packet without load, and all of A1, A2, A3, B1, B2 and B3 forward the data packet until the request vehicle R. In this process, the vehicles R, A1, A2, A3, B1, B2, B3, and P record information such as "provider identification" and "provider hop count" in their own distance tables. For example, the vehicle A1 records the target "provider identification" as "providerID" of the vehicle P and "provider hop count" as "providerHop" (value of 2), as shown in fig. 2.
Vehicles A1, A2, A3, B1, B2, and B3 forward the first request packet and the data packet without payload, which are forwarding vehicles.
In the content transmission stage, the requester sends a request packet with a specified packet sequence number, and the provider returns the corresponding data packet with load.
As shown in fig. 1, after the requester R sends a request packet to the provider, waiting time T:
T＝max{CW×slotTime，RTO} (1)
wherein, CW is a back-off window of broadcasting mode in IEEE802.11p protocol, slotTime is unit back-off time length, and RTO calculation method is as follows:
Figure BSA0000259846050000061
where α ε [0,1], RTO' is the old RTO value in vehicle R and Δt is the last waiting time of vehicle R. If any vehicle in A1, A2 and A3 monitors to continuously forward the request packet in the waiting time, R can know that the request packet is successfully sent and does not need to be retransmitted; otherwise, the request packet is retransmitted without exceeding the maximum retransmission times.
The maximum retransmission number M of the vehicle R is calculated as follows:
Figure BSA0000259846050000071
where β ε [0,1], M0 is a fixed number, e.g., 3, M' is the total number of transmissions and retransmissions that the vehicle R last successfully transmitted the request packet.
After receiving the request packet sent by the vehicle R, the vehicles A1, A2, A3 forward and determine whether or not they need to retransmit themselves in a similar way to R, and the request packet is sent in this way up to the content provider P.
After receiving the request packet, the content provider P sends a corresponding data packet, and waits for a time T:
T＝max{CW×slotTime，RTO} (1)
wherein, CW is a back-off window of broadcasting mode in IEEE802.11p protocol, slotTime is unit back-off time length, and RTO calculation method is as follows:
Figure BSA0000259846050000072
where α ε [0,1], RTO' is the old RTO value in vehicle P and Δt is the last waiting time of vehicle P. If any vehicle in B1, B2 and B3 monitors to continue forwarding the data packet in the waiting time, P can know that the data packet is successfully sent and does not need to be retransmitted; otherwise, the data packet is retransmitted without exceeding the maximum retransmission times.
The maximum retransmission number M of the vehicle P is calculated as follows:
Figure BSA0000259846050000081
where β ε [0,1], M0 is a fixed number, e.g., 3, M' is the total number of transmissions and retransmissions that the vehicle P last successfully transmitted the packet.
The vehicles B1, B2, B3, after receiving the data packets sent by the vehicle P, forward and determine whether themselves need to be retransmitted in a similar way to P, the data packets being sent in this way up to the content requester R.
The above examples are preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited to the above examples, and any other changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, and simplifications that do not depart from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be made in the equivalent manner, and the embodiments are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. The reliable transmission method based on ICN and broadcast monitoring in the Internet of vehicles is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, a distance table is arranged on a vehicle in the Internet of vehicles, and information such as a content name, a data packet serial number, a content provider identification, a content provider hop count, a requester identification, a requester hop count and the like is recorded in the distance table;
s2, after the content requester sends a request packet with a designated data packet sequence number, monitoring whether at least one vehicle is closer to the content provider than the content requester in the waiting time T, and forwarding the request packet; if yes, canceling retransmission, otherwise retransmitting the interest packet on the premise of not reaching the maximum retransmission times M;
s3, after the forwarding vehicle receives the request packet, the forwarding vehicle continues forwarding the request packet by adopting a similar transmission mode as the content requester until the request packet is received by the content provider;
after forwarding the request packet, monitoring whether at least one forwarding vehicle which is closer to the content provider is present in the waiting time T, and continuing forwarding the request packet, if so, canceling retransmission, otherwise, retransmitting the interest packet on the premise that the maximum retransmission times M are not reached;
s4, after receiving the request packet, the content provider sends a corresponding data packet, monitors whether at least one vehicle is closer to the content requester in waiting time T, and forwards the data packet; if yes, canceling retransmission, otherwise retransmitting the data packet on the premise that the maximum retransmission times M are not reached;
s5, after the forwarding vehicle receives the data packet, the data packet is continuously forwarded by adopting a transmission mode similar to that of the content provider until the data packet is received by the content requester;
after the forwarding vehicle forwards the data packet, monitoring whether at least one forwarding vehicle which is closer to the content requester is present in the waiting time T, and continuing to forward the data packet, if so, canceling retransmission, otherwise, retransmitting the data packet on the premise that the maximum retransmission times M are not reached.
2. A reliable transmission method based on ICN and broadcast listening in the internet of vehicles according to claim 1, wherein all request packets and data packets in the method are transmitted in broadcast mode in the ieee802.11p protocol.
3. The reliable transmission method based on ICN and broadcast listening in the internet of vehicles according to claim 1, wherein the distance meter in the vehicle is established in an on-demand manner as follows:
1. a content requester in the Internet of vehicles broadcasts a first request packet when the content is needed, and other vehicles record information such as 'content name', 'requester identification', 'requester hop count' and the like in a distance table in the broadcasting process of the request packet;
2. the vehicle with the cached target content is a content provider, after receiving the request packet, a data packet without load is returned, only the vehicle which forwards the corresponding request packet forwards the data packet, and in the forwarding process, information such as 'provider identification', 'provider hop count' and the like is recorded in a distance table.
4. A reliable transmission method based on ICN and broadcast listening in the internet of vehicles according to claims 1 to 3, wherein if the content requester receives the packets without load returned by a plurality of content providers, then selecting the one with the least hop count as the optimal content provider; if there are a plurality of content providers with the smallest hop count, one is randomly selected from them.
5. A reliable transmission method based on ICN and broadcast listening in the internet of vehicles according to claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the vehicles which have forwarded the first request packet and the data packet without payload and have recorded the relevant target content, the requester and the provider information in their own distance table are the forwarding vehicles for the content transmission and participate in the forwarding of the following request packet and data packet.
6. The reliable transmission method based on ICN and broadcast monitoring in the internet of vehicles according to claim 1, wherein the sender obtains the information about whether the vehicle to be forwarded is closer to the target or not through the monitored request packet or data packet, by the specific method:
when a content requester or a forwarding vehicle sends a request packet, the hop count of the current forwarding vehicle from a content provider is recorded in the request packet, and the information is obtained from a distance table of the forwarding vehicle, so that the content requester or the forwarding vehicle can obtain information about whether the forwarding vehicle is closer to the content provider than the forwarding vehicle by comparing the hop count value of the forwarding vehicle from the content provider in the distance table by monitoring the value in the obtained request packet;
when the content provider or the forwarding vehicle sends the data packet, the hop count of the current forwarding vehicle from the content requester is recorded in the data packet, and the information is obtained from a distance table of the forwarding vehicle, so that the content provider or the forwarding vehicle can obtain the information whether the forwarding vehicle is closer to the content requester than the forwarding vehicle by monitoring the value in the obtained data packet and comparing the value with the hop count value from the content requester in the distance table.
7. The reliable transmission method based on ICN and broadcast interception in the internet of vehicles according to claim 1, wherein the interception waiting time T of the sender is determined statistically, i.e.
T＝max{CW×slotTime，RTO} (1)
Wherein, CW is a back-off window of broadcasting mode in IEEE802.11p protocol, slotTime is unit back-off time length, and RTO calculation method is as follows:
Figure FSA0000259846040000031
where α ε [0,1], RTO' is the old RTO value and Δt is the last waiting time.
8. The reliable transmission method based on ICN and broadcast monitoring in the internet of vehicles according to claim 1, wherein the maximum number M of sender retransmission request packets or data packets is determined statistically, namely
Figure FSA0000259846040000041
Wherein, beta is E [0,1]]，M 0 Is a fixed oneThe number, such as 3, m', contains the total number of transmissions and retransmissions the last time the vehicle successfully transmitted the request packet or data packet.
CN202111473354.4A 2021-12-03 2021-12-03 Reliable transmission method based on ICN and broadcast monitoring in Internet of vehicles Pending CN116233764A (en)

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