CN116230487B - Ion migration tube and ion migration spectrometer - Google Patents
Ion migration tube and ion migration spectrometer Download PDFInfo
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- CN116230487B CN116230487B CN202211445148.7A CN202211445148A CN116230487B CN 116230487 B CN116230487 B CN 116230487B CN 202211445148 A CN202211445148 A CN 202211445148A CN 116230487 B CN116230487 B CN 116230487B
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- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J49/00—Particle spectrometers or separator tubes
- H01J49/02—Details
- H01J49/06—Electron- or ion-optical arrangements
- H01J49/062—Ion guides
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N27/00—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means
- G01N27/62—Investigating or analysing materials by the use of electric, electrochemical, or magnetic means by investigating the ionisation of gases, e.g. aerosols; by investigating electric discharges, e.g. emission of cathode
- G01N27/622—Ion mobility spectrometry
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J49/00—Particle spectrometers or separator tubes
- H01J49/02—Details
- H01J49/06—Electron- or ion-optical arrangements
- H01J49/062—Ion guides
- H01J49/063—Multipole ion guides, e.g. quadrupoles, hexapoles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J49/00—Particle spectrometers or separator tubes
- H01J49/26—Mass spectrometers or separator tubes
Abstract
The invention discloses an ion migration tube and an ion migration spectrometer, which aims to design an open ion migration tube based on superposition combination of two electrode plates and an insulator with a cavity in the middle, and the vertical electric field is formed between each electrode pair by respectively applying voltages to emitting electrodes which generate electric fields in each of a plurality of second electrode pairs through designing a plurality of electrode pairs in the two electrode plates, and a parabolic principle detection method is designed from different technical angles, so that the detection time is greatly shortened, the detection sensitivity is improved, and the detection efficiency is increased.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ion migration, in particular to an ion migration tube and an ion migration spectrometer.
Background
Migration time ion mobility spectrometry is a pulsed ion mass separation and detection technique that resembles time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The current ion migration technology is mainly a closed high-field migration tube, namely an inner circulation gas circuit and an outer circulation gas circuit of a gas circuit of an ion migration spectrum instrument. The inner and outer circulating air paths are isolated by a layer of waterproof breathable film, and water molecules in the outer circulation do not enter the inner circulation, so that the drying of the inner circulating air path is ensured. Meanwhile, the gas of the external circulation is blown onto the waterproof and breathable film, and a part of gas molecules can permeate into the internal circulation through the waterproof and breathable film. Because the waterproof and breathable film is blocked, few gas molecules which can actually enter the internal circulation and are detected can enter the internal circulation, and the permeation efficiency of the waterproof and breathable film is only 1 to 10 percent through test, so that the detection sensitivity of ion migration is seriously reduced.
In addition, the current ion mobility spectrometer has high requirements on the cleanliness of materials and complex manufacturing process.
Therefore, the invention designs the open type ion migration tube, the open type ion migration tube technology does not need a waterproof and breathable film, does not need complex components such as a drying tube and the like, reduces the complexity of the ion migration technology and improves the detection sensitivity.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides an ion migration tube and an ion migration spectrometer, which are used for simplifying the design of the ion migration tube, so that the complexity of an ion migration technology is effectively reduced, and the sensitivity of the ion migration tube and the ion migration spectrometer is improved.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided an ion transfer tube comprising: the device comprises a first electrode plate, a second electrode plate and an insulator, wherein the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate are oppositely arranged, the insulator is positioned between the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate and is provided with a first surface and a second surface which are opposite, a cavity penetrating through the first surface and the second surface is formed in the middle of the insulator, the first surface is fixedly and hermetically connected with the first electrode plate, and the second surface is fixedly and hermetically connected with the second electrode plate; a first group of electrodes are arranged on one side surface of the first electrode plate, which faces the cavity, a second group of electrodes are arranged on one side surface of the second electrode plate, which faces the cavity, the first group of electrodes and the second group of electrodes respectively comprise a plurality of electrodes which are sequentially arranged at intervals along the ion migration direction, and each electrode in the first group of electrodes and each electrode in the second group of electrodes are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner so as to form a plurality of electrode pairs; wherein, in the thickness direction of the insulator, the projection of the plurality of electrode pairs is located within the projection of the cavity.
Further, the plurality of electrode pairs includes a first electrode pair and a plurality of second electrode pairs;
the first electrode pairs and the plurality of second electrode pairs are sequentially arranged along the ion migration direction.
Further, in the thickness direction of the insulator, a projection of the first electrode pair covers an inlet of the ion transfer tube, and a through hole is provided on one electrode of the first electrode pair close to the inlet of the ion transfer tube so as to communicate the inlet of the ion transfer tube with the cavity; the first electrode pair is an equipotential electrode pair and is used for buffering charged ion clusters entering the ion transfer tube through the through hole.
Further, each of the second electrode pairs includes a first electrode located on the first electrode plate and a second electrode located on the second electrode plate, projections of the first electrode and the second electrode completely overlapping in a thickness direction of the insulator to form a vertical electric field; wherein the first electrode is used as an emission electrode for generating an electric field, and the second electrode is used as an electrode for detecting charges of the charged ion clusters.
Optionally, the magnitudes of voltages applied to the emission electrode pairs of each of the plurality of second electrode pairs are different from each other.
Alternatively, the cross-sectional widths of the emitter electrodes of each of the plurality of second electrode pairs are different from each other.
Optionally, each of the emitter electrodes of the plurality of second electrode pairs is applied with an alternating voltage to form a corresponding alternating electric field.
Further, the plurality of electrode pairs further includes a third electrode pair; along the ion migration direction, the third electrode pair is at a first lateral distance position from the last second electrode pair and at a second lateral distance position from the outlet of the ion migration tube, wherein the first lateral distance is greater than the second lateral distance;
optionally, the insulator is a hollowed-out polytetrafluoroethylene or an insulating gasket.
Optionally, the insulator has a thickness of [0.01cm,10cm ].
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided an ion mobility spectrometer, including any one of the above-mentioned ion mobility tube, the ion mobility spectrometer further including an external gas inlet pipe, an ionization chamber, a gas pump, and a gas outlet port, the ionization chamber including an internal gas inlet pipe and an ion source disposed in the internal gas inlet pipe, wherein a first gas hole and a second gas hole are respectively opened in front and rear of the ionization chamber, the first gas hole is connected with the external gas inlet pipe, the second gas hole is connected with an inlet of the ion mobility tube, and the ion source is used for ionizing a gas passing through the internal gas inlet pipe to generate charged ion clusters; the air pump is arranged between the outlet of the ion migration tube and the air outlet port.
Optionally, the ion source comprises a radiation source or an ionization source.
Further, the ion mobility spectrometer further includes a shield disposed about the ion source for encasing the ion source and having an opening disposed thereon to allow gas to pass from the opening through an ionization region of the ion source.
Further, the ion mobility spectrometer further comprises an environment detection sensor, and the environment detection sensor is arranged between the outlet of the ion mobility tube and the air sucking pump.
Further, the ion mobility spectrometer further comprises a gas sensor, and the gas sensor is arranged between the environment detection sensor and the air sucking pump.
Further, the ion mobility spectrometer further comprises a charge detection amplifying circuit, and the charge detection amplifying circuit is electrically connected with a corresponding detection electrode on the ion mobility tube.
The invention has the advantages that the open type ion migration tube is designed based on superposition combination of the two electrode plates and the insulator with the cavity in the middle, and the open type ion migration tube does not need a waterproof breathable film, does not need complex components such as a drying tube, reduces the complexity of ion migration technology and improves the detection sensitivity.
Further, by designing a plurality of electrode pairs in the two electrode plates, the emitting electrodes generating electric fields to each of the plurality of second electrode pairs respectively form vertical electric fields between each electrode pair, and a parabolic principle detection method is designed from different technical angles, the detection time is greatly shortened, the detection sensitivity is improved, and the detection efficiency is increased.
Drawings
The technical solution and other advantageous effects of the present invention will be made apparent by the following detailed description of the specific embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an ion mobility spectrometer according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an insulator with a cavity in the middle of the insulator in an ion transfer tube according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic partial structure diagram of a first electrode plate and a second electrode plate in an ion transfer tube according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the movement of charged ion clusters in an open ion transfer tube.
Fig. 5 is a charge detection amplifying circuit diagram.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a motion profile of a charged ion cluster in an open ion transfer tube.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to fall within the scope of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an ion mobility spectrometer according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an insulator with a cavity in the middle of the insulator in an ion transfer tube according to an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 3 is a schematic partial structure diagram of a first electrode plate and a second electrode plate in an ion transfer tube according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The ion migration tube provided by the embodiment of the invention is an open ion migration tube. 1-3, the ion transfer tube 29 comprises a first electrode plate 33 and a second electrode plate 34 which are oppositely arranged, and an insulator 35 positioned between the first electrode plate 33 and the second electrode plate 34, wherein the insulator 35 is used for insulating and isolating the first electrode plate 33 and the second electrode plate 34, the insulator 35 is provided with a first surface 35a and a second surface 35b which are opposite, the middle part of the insulator 35 is provided with a cavity 351 penetrating through the first surface 35a and the second surface 35b, the first surface 35a is fixedly and hermetically connected with the first electrode plate 33, the second surface 35b is fixedly and hermetically connected with the second electrode plate 34, one side surface of the first electrode plate 33 facing the cavity 351 is provided with a first group of electrodes, one side surface of the second electrode plate 34 facing the cavity 351 is provided with a second group of electrodes, the first group of electrodes and the second group of electrodes respectively comprise a plurality of electrode pairs which are sequentially arranged along the ion transfer direction, and each electrode pair of the first group of electrodes is correspondingly arranged; wherein, in the thickness direction of the insulator 35, the projections of the plurality of electrode pairs are located within the projections of the cavity 351.
Illustratively, in the embodiment of the present invention, the first electrode plate 33 and the second electrode plate 34 are both PCB (Printed Circuit Board ) plates. Specifically, the PCB board is cut by using a laser process to obtain a first electrode plate 33 and a second electrode plate 34, and each electrode on the first electrode plate 33, each electrode on the second electrode plate 34 and an insulator 35 with a cavity in the middle are symmetrically stacked together by designing a plurality of electrodes in the first electrode plate 33 and the second electrode plate 34 respectively, so that each electrode on the first electrode plate 33 corresponds to each electrode on the second electrode plate 34 one by one and can form a vertical electric field after voltage is applied, thereby forming the flat ion transfer tube 29 with a hollow structure.
Illustratively, the number of the plurality of electrode pairs of the ion transfer tube 29 may be increased or decreased according to the thickness of the ion transfer tube 29 and the substance to be measured.
The embodiment of the invention aims to design an open type ion migration tube by stacking and combining the two electrode plates and the insulator with the cavity in the middle, wherein the open type ion migration tube does not need a waterproof breathable film, does not need complex components such as a drying tube and the like, reduces the complexity of ion migration technology and improves the detection sensitivity.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the insulator 35 is square, and the inside of the insulator 35 is hollowed out to form a cavity in the middle thereof; illustratively, the insulator 35 is a hollowed out polytetrafluoroethylene or other insulating material, such as an insulating spacer, etc., and the insulator 35 has a thickness of [0.01cm,10cm ]. And the circumferential width of the insulator 35 is variable, the height and width of the ion transfer tube 29 can be adaptively adjusted by changing the thickness and width of the insulator 35.
Illustratively, in an embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of electrode pairs includes a first electrode pair 100 and a plurality of second electrode pairs 200; wherein the first electrode pair 100 and the plurality of second electrode 200 pairs are sequentially arranged along the ion migration direction.
Illustratively, in the thickness direction of the insulator 35, the projection of the first electrode pair 100 covers the entrance of the ion transfer tube 29, and a through hole 401 is provided in the upper electrode 4 of the first electrode pair 100 near the entrance of the ion transfer tube 29, the through hole 401 penetrating the upper electrode 4 in the thickness direction to communicate the entrance of the ion transfer tube 29 with the cavity 351; the first electrode pair 100 is an equipotential electrode pair, and is used for buffering charged ion clusters entering the ion transfer tube 29 through the through hole 401.
Only a typical example thereof will be described herein. The ionized charged ion clusters pass through the first centrally hollowed-out electrode 4 of the first electrode plate 33 via the ionization chamber conduit 32 into the open ion transfer tube 29. The ion transfer tube is mainly formed by laminating a first electrode plate 33, a second electrode plate 34 and an insulator 35 formed by polytetrafluoroethylene or an insulating gasket, wherein each first electrode plate has the same electrode number, only one design scheme containing 11 electrode numbers is listed, and other similar structures are also included in the design of the invention.
Specifically, in one typical example, the upper electrode 4 and the lower electrode 14 in the first electrode pair 100 are electrically connected to the system ground potential, respectively. Since the upper electrode 4 and the lower electrode 14 are respectively applied with the same potential, the charged ion clusters entering the ion transfer tube 29 through the through-holes 401 are buffered. Therefore, in one typical example, the upper electrode 4 having the through hole 401 may be designed as either a 3-detection electrode that detects the charge of the charged ion clusters or an emission electrode that generates an electric field.
Illustratively, each of the second electrode pairs 200 includes a first electrode located on the first electrode plate 33 and a second electrode located on the second electrode plate 34, projections of the first electrode and the second electrode being entirely overlapped in a thickness direction of the insulator 35 to form a vertical electric field; wherein the first electrode is used as an emission electrode for generating an electric field, and the second electrode is used as a detection electrode for detecting charges of the charged ion clusters. In the embodiment of the present invention, the voltage applied to the emitter electrode on each of the second electrode pairs 200 may be in a range of 0.1V to 100V.
Alternatively, the magnitudes of voltages applied to each of the plurality of second electrode pairs 200 are different from each other, so that the electric charges of the gas to be measured can be detected by a specific-strength electric field.
Alternatively, the cross-sectional widths of the emitter electrodes of each of the plurality of second electrode pairs 200 are different from each other, and may be selected accordingly according to the kind of the substance to be measured.
In one embodiment, the open ion transfer tube is configured such that during detection of a charged ion cluster, an alternating voltage is applied to each of the emitter electrodes of the plurality of second electrode pairs 200 to form corresponding positive and negative alternating electric fields. This is because the charged ion clusters contain both positively charged and negatively charged ion clusters. Therefore, when the continuous charged ion clusters enter the ion transfer tube 29 through the through holes 401 of the upper electrode of the first electrode pair 100, the charged ion clusters are subjected to the action of the electric field force generated on each second electrode pair 200, and the electric field formed on each second electrode pair 200 alternates, so that the positive and negative ion clusters respectively move along the action direction of the electric field under different electric field forces after entering the ion transfer tube 29, and the moving charged ion clusters finally respectively reach the corresponding detection electrodes under the action of the electric field generated on each second electrode pair 200. Wherein each of the plurality of second electrode pairs 200 is electrically connected to a post-stage charge detection amplifying circuit, and can convert weak charge signals into detectable ion signals. Because the different gases are ionized and have different charges, the motion tracks of the different gases are different even under the same electric field intensity, so that the different gases can finally reach different detection electrodes.
Further, the plurality of electrode pairs further includes a third electrode pair 300; along the ion transfer direction, the third electrode pair 300 is at a first lateral distance from the last of the second electrode pairs 200 and at a second lateral distance from the outlet of the ion transfer tube 29, wherein the first lateral distance is greater than the second lateral distance; the third electrode pair 300 is an electrode pair exceeding a preset electric field, and is configured to absorb the residual charged ion clusters in the ion transfer tube 29. Illustratively, a voltage greater than 10V is applied between the upper electrode 24 of the third electrode pair 300 and the lower electrode 25 of the third electrode pair 300 to form a stronger electric field to fully absorb residual charges of the gas passing therethrough, thereby preventing residual charged ions within the migration tube from exiting the migration tube into the ambient air to contaminate the environment.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is further provided an ion mobility spectrometer, with continued reference to fig. 1, where the ion mobility spectrometer includes an ion mobility tube 29, an external air inlet pipe 1, an ionization chamber 3, an air pump 30, and an air outlet port 36 in any of the foregoing embodiments, where the ionization chamber 3 includes an internal air inlet pipe and an ion source 26 disposed in the internal air inlet pipe, where a first air hole and a second air hole are respectively opened in front and rear of the ionization chamber 3, where the first air hole is connected to the external air inlet pipe 1, and the second air hole is connected to an inlet of the ion mobility tube 29, and the ion source 26 is used to ionize a gas passing through the internal air inlet pipe to generate charged ion clusters; the pump 30 is installed between the outlet of the ion transfer tube 29 and the outlet port 36.
Further, in order to reduce the overall volume of the ion mobility spectrometer and to improve the integration of the ion mobility spectrometer as a whole. The ionization chamber 3 is arranged on one side of the ion transfer tube 29 in a stacked manner; specifically, in some of these embodiments, the ionization chamber 3 is stacked on a side of the first electrode plate 33 away from the second electrode plate 34.
Illustratively, the ion source 26 includes a radiation source or an ionization source. For example, it may be a corona discharge ionization source, glow discharge ionization source, radiation source, ultraviolet lamp, electrospray, etc.
Further, the ion mobility spectrometer further includes: a shield 27, said shield 27 being disposed around said ion source 26 for enveloping said ion source 26, and an opening being provided in said shield 27 to allow gas to pass from said opening through an ionization region of said ion source 26.
In one example, as shown in fig. 1 and 4, the external air inlet pipeline 1 is a metal pipeline, and is directly connected with the first internal pipeline 2 of the ionization chamber 3, and the working process of the ion mobility spectrometer in the working state is as follows: the outside gas is sucked into the ionization chamber 3 by the sucking pump 30 through the external air inlet pipeline 1, the gas entering the ionization chamber 3 enters the shielding cover 27 through the internal pipeline 2 and is ionized by the ion source 26, and the gas passes throughThe ionized gas leaves the shielding cover 27 after being ionized by the ion source 26, the ionization chamber 3 of the part is of a closed structure formed by steel or lead or the combination of the steel and the lead, and the ionized gas enters the inside of the open type ion transfer tube 29 through a section of second internal pipeline 32 and a first electrode with a through hole in the middle on the first electrode plate 33. The charged ion clusters entering the ion transport tube 29 are subjected to suction force of the pump in the radial direction and electric field force in the vertical direction between a plurality of electrode pairs (two parallel electrodes). Specifically, inside the ion transfer tube 29, each of the first electrode plate 33 and the second electrode plate 34 can generate an electric field by applying different voltages, the strength formula of which is e=Δu/Δd. The movement of the charged ion clusters after entering the ion transfer tube 29 is divided into two parts, one part is subjected to the air extraction force of the air pump 30, and the force is along the radial direction of the ion transfer tube; the other part is applied by an electric field between electrodes, and the applied force is along the vertical direction of the ion transfer tube. The velocity of the ion clusters just entering the transfer tube in the horizontal radial direction is vm/s, and the motion in the vertical direction can understand the uniform acceleration motion with the initial velocity equal to 0m/s and the acceleration a= qU/md. Therefore, assuming that the vertical height of the charged ion clusters from the detection electrode is h, the moving time of the charged ion clusters isThe movement distance of the charged ions in the horizontal direction is +.>When the gas flow rate is constant, the flow rate velocity vm/s in the horizontal radial direction is constant, so that the moving distance L in the horizontal direction of the charged ion cluster having the height h is constant. Therefore, the height of the open ion transfer tube 29 can be specially designed, and can be selected from 0.1 cm to 10cm, and the moving distances of charged ion clusters with different heights in the horizontal direction are different, for example, the same ion cluster can reach the same detection electrode at the end of the movement of the same ion cluster towards the detection electrode with different heights by designing ion detection electrodes with different sizes.
Further, the ion mobility spectrometer further includes: and the charge detection amplifying circuit is electrically connected with a corresponding detection electrode on the ion transfer tube.
Further, each of the detection electrodes in the plurality of second electrode pairs 200 is electrically connected to a charge detection amplifying circuit, as shown in fig. 5, each of the detection electrodes is connected to a precision charge detection amplifying circuit Sig, which is a charge signal input by the detection electrode, and is connected to an inverting input terminal of the op-amp through a resistor R3, and an inverting input terminal of the op-amp is connected to an output terminal of the op-amp through a capacitor C1. The Sig signal is connected to the output end of the operational amplifier through a resistor R1, and the output end of the operational amplifier is connected with the ground of the system through a pull-down resistor R2. The Sig signal is amplified by the precision charge detection amplifying circuit and then the amplified signal Sig_adc is output from the output port of the operational amplifier.
Specifically, the gas in the ionization chamber 3 is ionized and then undergoes a complexing reaction with the charged ions to form positively or negatively charged ion clusters, and when the continuous charged ion clusters leave the boundary of the equipotential body formed by the first electrode pair 100 along the ion migration direction, the continuous charged ion clusters begin to receive the acting force of the electric field on the first second electrode pair 200, and under the acting force of the electric field, the charged ion clusters perform parabolic motion with a speed of vm/s in the horizontal direction (consistent with the ion migration direction), and an exemplary motion track diagram of the charged ion clusters is shown in fig. 6. Then, the ion clusters moving along the parabola are beaten to each detection electrode on the plurality of second electrode pairs 200, and voltage signals are output by the precise charge detection amplifying circuit, and the voltage signals are acquired through analog-digital conversion signals and then comprehensively judged by a processor, so that pollutant components in the gas can be judged. The open ion mobility spectrometer can detect VOC gas, industrial toxic and harmful gas, hazardous chemicals, pollutants, chemical warfare agents and other gases.
Further, the ion mobility spectrometer further includes: an environment detection sensor 28, wherein the environment detection sensor 28 is installed between the outlet of the ion transfer tube 29 and the suction pump 30. Typically, the gas after passing through the third electrode pair 300 is a gas free of radiation and charge contamination. The gas exits the open ion transfer tube 29 and passes through the environmental detection sensor 28. The environmental detection sensor 28 detects atmospheric environmental information including temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, and air quality information not detected by the open ion transfer tube.
Further, the ion mobility spectrometer further includes: a gas sensor (not shown) mounted between the environment detection sensor 28 and the suction pump 30.
In one embodiment, the gas after passing through the environmental detection sensor 28 and/or the gas sensor is pumped away by the pump 30 and then exhausted from the outlet port 36 to the atmosphere.
In summary, although the present invention has been described in terms of the preferred embodiments, the preferred embodiments are not limited to the above embodiments, and various modifications and changes can be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.
Claims (15)
1. An ion transfer tube, comprising a first electrode plate (33) and a second electrode plate (34) which are oppositely arranged, and an insulator (35) positioned between the first electrode plate (33) and the second electrode plate (34), wherein the insulator (35) is provided with a first surface (35 a) and a second surface (35 b) which are opposite, the middle part of the insulator (35) is provided with a cavity (351) penetrating through the first surface (35 a) and the second surface (35 b), the first surface (35 a) is fixedly and hermetically connected with the first electrode plate (33), the second surface (35 b) is fixedly and hermetically connected with the second electrode plate (34), and the first electrode plate (33) and the second electrode plate (34) are both PCB plates;
a first group of electrodes is arranged on one side surface of the first electrode plate (33) facing the cavity (351), a second group of electrodes is arranged on one side surface of the second electrode plate (34) facing the cavity (351), the first group of electrodes and the second group of electrodes respectively comprise a plurality of electrodes which are sequentially arranged at intervals along the ion migration direction, and each electrode in the first group of electrodes and each electrode in the second group of electrodes are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner so as to form a plurality of electrode pairs;
wherein projections of the plurality of electrode pairs are located within projections of the cavity (351) in a thickness direction of the insulator (35), the plurality of electrode pairs including a first electrode pair (100) and a plurality of second electrode pairs (200); wherein the first electrode pair (100) and the plurality of second electrode pairs (200) are sequentially arranged along the ion migration direction;
in the thickness direction of the insulator (35), the projection of the first electrode pair (100) covers the inlet of the ion transfer tube (29), and a through hole (401) is arranged on one electrode of the first electrode pair (100) close to the inlet of the ion transfer tube (29) so as to communicate the inlet of the ion transfer tube (29) with the cavity (351);
the first electrode pair (100) is an equipotential electrode pair, and is used for buffering charged ion clusters entering the ion transfer tube (29) through the through hole (401).
2. The ion transfer tube of claim 1, wherein the ion transfer tube comprises,
each of the second electrode pairs (200) includes a first electrode located on the first electrode plate (33) and a second electrode located on the second electrode plate (34), projections of the first electrode and the second electrode completely overlapping in a thickness direction of the insulator (35) to form a vertical electric field;
wherein the first electrode is used as an emission electrode for generating an electric field, and the second electrode is used as an electrode for detecting charges of the charged ion clusters.
3. The ion transfer tube of claim 2, wherein the ion transfer tube comprises,
the magnitudes of voltages applied to each of the plurality of second electrode pairs (200) are different from each other.
4. The ion transfer tube of claim 2, wherein the ion transfer tube comprises,
the cross-sectional widths of each of the emitter electrodes of the plurality of second electrode pairs (200) are different from each other.
5. The ion transfer tube of claim 2, wherein the ion transfer tube comprises,
each of the emitter electrodes of the plurality of second electrode pairs (200) is applied with an alternating voltage to form a corresponding alternating electric field.
6. The ion transfer tube of claim 1, wherein the plurality of electrode pairs further comprises a third electrode pair (300);
along the ion transfer direction, the third electrode pair (300) is at a first lateral distance from the last of the second electrode pairs and at a second lateral distance from the outlet of the ion transfer tube (29), wherein the first lateral distance is greater than the second lateral distance;
the third electrode pair (300) is an electrode pair exceeding the preset electric field, and is used for absorbing the residual charged ion clusters in the ion transfer tube.
7. The ion transfer tube of claim 1, wherein the ion transfer tube comprises,
the insulator (35) is polytetrafluoroethylene with hollowed-out center.
8. The ion transfer tube of claim 1, wherein the ion transfer tube comprises,
the insulator (35) is an insulating gasket with a hollowed-out center.
9. The ion transfer tube of claim 1, wherein the ion transfer tube comprises,
the thickness of the insulator (35) is [0.01cm,10cm ].
10. An ion mobility spectrometer comprising an ion mobility tube (29) according to any one of claims 1-9, further comprising an external air inlet line (1), an ionization chamber (3), an air pump (30) and an air outlet port (36),
the ionization chamber (3) comprises an internal air inlet pipeline and an ion source (26) arranged in the internal air inlet pipeline, wherein a first air hole and a second air hole are respectively formed in the front and the rear of the ionization chamber (3), the first air hole is connected with the external air inlet pipeline (1), the second air hole is connected with an inlet of the ion migration tube (29), and the ion source (26) is used for ionizing gas passing through the internal air inlet pipeline so as to generate charged ion clusters;
the air pump (30) is arranged between the outlet of the ion transfer tube (29) and the air outlet port (36).
11. The ion mobility spectrometer according to claim 10, characterized in that,
the ion source (26) comprises a radiation source or an ionization source.
12. The ion mobility spectrometer of claim 11, further comprising:
-a shield (27), said shield (27) being arranged around said ion source (26) for enveloping said ion source (26), and an opening being provided in said shield (27) for allowing gas to pass from said opening through an ionization region of said ion source (26).
13. The ion mobility spectrometer according to claim 10, further comprising:
an environment detection sensor (28), wherein the environment detection sensor (28) is arranged between the outlet of the ion transfer tube (29) and the air extracting pump (30).
14. The ion mobility spectrometer of claim 13, further comprising:
and a gas sensor mounted between the environment detection sensor (28) and the suction pump (30).
15. The ion mobility spectrometer according to claim 10, further comprising:
and the charge detection amplifying circuit is electrically connected with a corresponding detection electrode on the ion transfer tube.
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