CN116230229A - Spectral peak searching device of self-adaptive window - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a spectrum peak searching device of a self-adaptive window, which comprises: the initialization module is used for generating initialization parameters of the observation frequency band window; wherein the initialization parameters include: an initial upper limit, an initial lower limit, an initial window adjustment length, and an initial window length coefficient of the frequency band window; the spectrum peak searching module is used for carrying out iterative computation on the upper limit and the lower limit of the observation frequency band window according to the initialization parameter, and each iteration correspondingly obtains the upper limit and the lower limit of each frequency band window; updating a window length coefficient and a window adjustment length in each iteration, and using the upper limit and the lower limit of an observation frequency band window obtained by the iteration to search a spectrum peak at the next moment; and the observation heart rate value calculation module is used for calculating an observation heart rate value according to the spectrum peak corresponding to the observation frequency band window. The invention can adaptively adjust the window for searching the spectral peak according to different motion scenes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of digital signal processing, in particular to a spectrum peak searching device of a self-adaptive window.
Background
At present, in the prior art, signals of superficial temporal artery and radial artery are collected through a sensor, so as to obtain pulse wave signals, the pulse wave signals are processed through band-pass filtering and fast fourier transform, and a fixed upper limit and a fixed lower limit of a frequency band are set to perform spectral peak searching on a time spectrum diagram so as to calculate a heart rate value, and fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of searching for spectral peaks and calculating the heart rate value by adopting the upper limit and the lower limit of the fixed frequency band in the prior art.
However, the fixed upper and lower band limits have the following limitations: firstly, the accuracy of heart rate value calculation in a motion state cannot be met, and because the heart rate variation interval of a human body in the motion state is too large, the fixed upper and lower limits of frequency spectrum observation cannot meet the motion requirement, so that the error between a calculated value and a true value of the heart rate is too large; second, the spectral analysis method under various kinds of motions cannot be adapted, because it is a very complex and difficult process to artificially judge the motion kinds and add the corresponding spectrum observation interval. Therefore, there is a need for a spectral peak searching device with an adaptive window, which can adapt to different kinds of motions with different motion intensities, accurately acquire heart rate variation of a human body, and reduce errors of heart rate calculation.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at overcoming the defects of the prior art, and provides a spectrum peak searching device of a self-adaptive window, which can adaptively adjust the window for searching the spectrum peak according to different motion scenes.
The invention provides a spectrum peak searching device of a self-adaptive window, which comprises the following components:
the initialization module is used for generating initialization parameters of the observation frequency band window; wherein the initialization parameters include: an initial upper limit, an initial lower limit and an initial window adjustment length of the frequency band window;
the spectrum peak searching module is used for carrying out iterative computation on the upper limit and the lower limit of the observation frequency band window according to the initialization parameter, and each iteration correspondingly obtains the upper limit and the lower limit of each frequency band window; updating a window length coefficient and a window adjustment length in each iteration, and using the upper limit and the lower limit of an observation frequency band window obtained by the iteration to search a spectrum peak at the next moment;
and the observation heart rate value calculation module is used for calculating an observation heart rate value according to the spectrum peak corresponding to the observation frequency band window.
The invention adopts iterative calculation to the upper limit and the lower limit of the observation frequency band window, and can adaptively adjust the size of the observation frequency band window at different moments, thereby being capable of adaptively adjusting the observation frequency band windows of different sports scenes, different sports intensities and different sports crowds, avoiding the occurrence of larger error condition of the acquired heart rate caused by manually adjusting the window size or fixing the window size, and further being capable of accurately acquiring the heart rate variation of the human body.
Further, the performing iterative computation on the upper limit and the lower limit of the observation frequency band window on the frequency band window, where each iteration correspondingly obtains the upper limit and the lower limit of each frequency band window, includes:
when a first observed heart rate value corresponding to a first observed frequency band window at the current moment is in a normal range of a human heart rate value, calculating a corresponding first window length coefficient according to the sequence length of the first observed heart rate value;
and correcting the first upper limit and the first lower limit of the first observation frequency band window together according to the first observation heart rate value, the first window length coefficient and the first window adjustment length to obtain the second upper limit and the second lower limit of the second observation frequency band window at the next moment.
Further, the peak searching device of the adaptive window further includes, after calculating the second upper limit and the second lower limit:
and adjusting the first window adjustment length at the current moment according to the first observation heart rate value and the initial observation heart rate value to obtain a second window adjustment length at the next moment.
According to the invention, the first window adjustment length at the current moment is adjusted according to the first observation heart rate value and the initial observation heart rate value to obtain the second window adjustment length at the next moment, and the window adjustment team can be adjusted according to the correlation between the observation heart rate and time, so that the heart rate change of a human body can be further accurately obtained.
Further, after calculating the second upper limit and the second lower limit, further comprising:
if the second upper limit is smaller than the upper limit threshold, giving an upper limit correction value to the second upper limit for correction; or,
and if the second lower limit is larger than the lower limit threshold, giving the second lower limit to the lower limit threshold for correction.
The invention adopts the threshold value judgment to the upper limit and the lower limit of the observation frequency band window, can remove the interference of abnormal values, restricts the upper limit and the lower limit of the observation frequency band window after adjustment within a reasonable range which accords with the actual scene, and can further accurately acquire the heart rate variation of the human body.
Further, the initialization module is configured to generate initialization parameters of the observation frequency band window, including:
searching a first spectrum peak corresponding to an initial frequency band window according to the initial upper limit and the initial upper limit, and calculating an initial observed heart rate value at an initial time according to the first spectrum peak;
and obtaining an initial window length coefficient according to the sequence length of the initial observed heart rate value.
Further, the second upper limit and the second lower limit of the second observation frequency band window at the next time may be expressed as:
wherein h is i 、p i And d i The observed heart rate value, the window length coefficient and the window adjustment length at the ith time are respectively Ku i+1 And Kd i+1 The upper and lower limits of the observation band window at the i+1th time are respectively.
Further, the first window length coefficient may be expressed as:
where h is the sequence length of the observed heart rate values.
Further, the second window adjustment length at the next time may be expressed as:
wherein i.gtoreq.2 represents that the window adjustment length is adjusted only at the second moment, h ０ For initial observation of heart rate value, d 0, The length is adjusted for the window at the initial time and at the first time.
Preferably, the upper threshold is 3.5, the lower threshold is 0.9, and the lower correction value is 0.83Hz.
Preferably, the initial upper limit is 0.8Hz, the initial lower limit is 2.0Hz, and the initial window adjustment length is 0.68Hz.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a spectral peak searching apparatus with an adaptive window according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a comparative schematic diagram of a peak search provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a schematic structural diagram of a spectral peak searching apparatus with an adaptive window according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: an initialization module 11, a spectral peak searching module 12 and an observed heart rate value calculating module 13.
An initialization module 11, configured to generate initialization parameters of the observation frequency band window; wherein the initialization parameters include: an initial upper limit, an initial lower limit, an initial window adjustment length, and an initial window length coefficient for the band window.
Searching a first spectrum peak corresponding to an initial frequency band window according to the initial upper limit and the initial upper limit, and calculating an initial observed heart rate value at an initial time according to the first spectrum peak; and obtaining an initial window length coefficient according to the sequence length of the initial observed heart rate value.
Preferably, the initial upper limit is 0.8Hz, the initial lower limit is 2.0Hz, and the initial window adjustment length is 0.68Hz.
It should be noted that, the initialization module 11 mainly initializes the upper limit and the lower limit of the frequency band window, the window adjustment length and the window length coefficient; when the program is operated initially, band-pass filtering is carried out on the acquired pulse wave signals at 0.5-3.5 Hz according to the actual heart rate value of the human body in a static state, namely 48-120 bpm, so as to remove low-frequency noise (power frequency, baseline drift and myoelectricity) and high-frequency noise in the pulse signals, fast Fourier transformation is carried out on the pulse signals so as to obtain a time spectrum diagram of the pulse signals, an initial first spectrum peak is searched in the range according to an initial lower limit and an initial upper limit serving as the range of an observation frequency band window at the initial moment, an initial observation heart rate value is calculated according to the first spectrum peak, and an initial window length coefficient can be obtained according to the sequence length of the initial observation heart rate value.
The spectrum peak searching module 12 is configured to perform iterative computation on an upper limit and a lower limit of the observation frequency band window according to the initialization parameter, where each iteration corresponds to an upper limit and a lower limit of each frequency band window; and updating the window length coefficient and the window adjustment length each time of iteration, and using the upper limit and the lower limit of the observation frequency band window obtained by the iteration to search the spectrum peak at the next moment.
Performing iterative computation on the upper limit and the lower limit of the observation frequency band window on the frequency band window, wherein each iteration correspondingly obtains the upper limit and the lower limit of each frequency band window, and the method comprises the following steps: when a first observed heart rate value corresponding to a first observed frequency band window at the current moment is in a normal range of a human heart rate value, calculating a corresponding first window length coefficient according to the sequence length of the first observed heart rate value; and correcting the first upper limit and the first lower limit of the first observation frequency band window together according to the first observation heart rate value, the first window length coefficient and the first window adjustment length to obtain the second upper limit and the second lower limit of the second observation frequency band window at the next moment. And adjusting the first window adjustment length at the current moment according to the first observation heart rate value and the initial observation heart rate value to obtain a second window adjustment length at the next moment. If the second upper limit is smaller than the upper limit threshold, giving an upper limit correction value to the second upper limit for correction; or if the second lower limit is greater than the lower limit threshold, the lower limit threshold is given to the second lower limit for correction.
It should be noted that, the spectrum peak searching module 12 mainly performs a weighted operation on the upper limit and the lower limit of the observation frequency band obtained in each iteration process according to the previous observation heart rate value, the previous window adjustment length and the previous sequence length of the observation heart rate value, so as to obtain the upper limit and the lower limit of the observation frequency band window for the spectrum peak searching at the next time, namely: the frequency spectrum searching range of the pulse wave at the next moment is constrained within the upper limit and the lower limit of the observation frequency band window calculated at the previous moment, the observation heart rate value at the next moment is constrained through the lower limit and the upper limit of the frequency of the observation frequency band window calculated at the previous moment, and the window adjusting length and the sequence length of the observation heart rate value are updated in each iteration process, so that the observation frequency band window for calculating the observation heart rate value at each time is updated in real time according to the heart rate value sequence at the previous time, namely: the scope of the observation frequency band window of each iteration is different, so that the scope of the observation frequency band can be adaptively adjusted for different scenes. In addition, the upper limit and the lower limit of the calculated observation frequency band window are judged according to the upper limit threshold and the lower limit threshold, if the calculated upper limit and the calculated lower limit deviate from the set upper limit threshold and the set lower limit threshold, correction operation is needed to be carried out on the upper limit and the lower limit of the window so as to ensure that the upper limit and the lower limit of the self-adaptive observation frequency band window cannot exceed the range of band-pass filtering of observation, so that the upper limit and the lower limit of the self-adaptive observation frequency band window are not beyond the actual range, and further the reliability and the authenticity of the measured observation heart rate value are ensured.
Preferably, the upper threshold is 3.5Hz, the lower threshold is 0.9Hz, and the lower correction value is 0.83Hz.
Preferably, the lower limit correction value is 0.83Hz.
Preferably, the frequency of the most optimal peak at the highest point of the spectrum peak is searched within the range of the restricted observation frequency band window of the upper limit and the lower limit, and the observation heart rate value is calculated according to the frequency of the optimal peak.
The invention adopts the threshold value judgment to the upper limit and the lower limit of the observation frequency band window, can remove the interference of abnormal values, restricts the upper limit and the lower limit of the observation frequency band window after adjustment within a reasonable range which accords with the actual scene, and can further accurately acquire the heart rate variation of the human body.
Preferably, the second upper limit and the second lower limit of the second observation band window at the next time instant may be expressed as:
wherein h is i 、ｐ ｉ And d ｉ The observed heart rate value, the window length coefficient and the window adjustment length at the ith time are respectively Ku ｉ+1 And Kd i+1 The upper and lower limits of the observation band window at the i+1th time are respectively.
Preferably, the first window length coefficient may be expressed as:
where h is the sequence length of the observed heart rate values.
And the observed heart rate value calculation module 13 is used for calculating an observed heart rate value according to the spectrum peak corresponding to the observed frequency band window.
Preferably, the second window adjustment length at the next time may be expressed as:
wherein i.gtoreq.2 represents that the window adjustment length is adjusted only at the second moment, h 0 For initial observation of heart rate value, d 0, The length is adjusted for the window at the initial time and at the first time.
According to the invention, the first window adjustment length at the current moment is adjusted according to the first observation heart rate value and the initial observation heart rate value to obtain the second window adjustment length at the next moment, and the window adjustment team can be adjusted according to the correlation between the observation heart rate and time, so that the heart rate change of a human body can be further accurately obtained.
The invention adopts iterative calculation to the upper limit and the lower limit of the observation frequency band window, and can adaptively adjust the size of the observation frequency band window at different moments, thereby being capable of adaptively adjusting the observation frequency band windows of different sports scenes, different sports intensities and different sports crowds, avoiding the occurrence of larger error condition of the acquired heart rate caused by manually adjusting the window size or fixing the window size, and further being capable of accurately acquiring the heart rate variation of the human body.
Referring to fig. 2, a comparison diagram of a spectrum peak search provided by an embodiment of the present invention is shown in fig. 2 (a), where fig. 2 (a) is a flow diagram of a spectrum peak search used in the prior art, and in fig. 2 (a), the prior art usually adopts the upper and lower limits of a fixed frequency band window to sample, and cannot adapt to a motion scene, and adaptively adjusts the upper and lower limits of the frequency band window, which has limitation on the motion scene and low applicability. Fig. 2 (b) is a schematic flow chart of a spectral peak search of an adaptive window according to an embodiment of the present invention, where an observation window of pulse wave frequency is obtained by performing a weighted operation on a heart rate value sequence at a past time point, so as to constrain a current heart rate value calculation range and improve the calculation accuracy of the heart rate value. Specifically, in fig. 2 (b), signals of the superficial artery and the radial artery are obtained by a flexible tactile intraocular sensor, pulse wave signals are obtained from the signals of the superficial artery and the radial artery, the pulse wave signals are processed by bandpass filtering at 0.5 to 3.5hz according to a photoplethysmogram (PPG) method, and a time-frequency spectrum diagram of the pulse wave signals is obtained by spectral transformation, wherein the spectral transformation includes: MUSIC transform, FFT transform or HTT transform; according to the upper limit and the lower limit of the observation spectrum window calculated at the previous moment, the range of the uncontrolled spectrum is restrained, spectrum peaks are searched in the range of the self-adaptive observation spectrum window, and the observation heart rate value at the current moment is calculated according to the searched spectrum peaks; updating the window length coefficient and the window adjustment length to be used for calculating the upper limit and the lower limit of the observation frequency spectrum window at the next moment; if the upper limit of the next moment is smaller than the lower limit threshold, taking the lower limit threshold for the lower limit; if the upper limit of the next moment is larger than the upper limit threshold, an upper limit correction value is obtained for the upper limit; wherein, at an initial time, setting an initial value of an observation spectrum window includes: an initial upper limit and an initial lower limit. Compared with fig. 2 (a), the invention adds the parameters corresponding to the observation frequency spectrum window according to the past time points, and calculates the self-adaptive upper and lower limits of the range of the observation frequency spectrum window, thereby calculating the observation heart rate value.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the peak search of the self-adaptive window is adopted, the self-adaptation of the window for sampling the motion of different scenes can be realized, the window of the observation frequency band at the next moment is adjusted according to the past heart rate value sequence in the motion process, the window interval of the current heart rate value observation window is updated in real time, the reasonable window updating weight parameter is set, the window is closer to the real scene, and the applicability is higher.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present application may also provide a computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of apparatus, devices (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that modifications and variations could be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the technical principles of the present invention, and such modifications and variations should also be regarded as being within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A spectral peak searching apparatus for an adaptive window, comprising:
the initialization module is used for generating initialization parameters of the observation frequency band window; wherein the initialization parameters include: an initial upper limit, an initial lower limit, an initial window adjustment length, and an initial window length coefficient of the frequency band window;
the spectrum peak searching module is used for carrying out iterative computation on the upper limit and the lower limit of the observation frequency band window according to the initialization parameter, and each iteration correspondingly obtains the upper limit and the lower limit of each frequency band window; updating a window length coefficient and a window adjustment length in each iteration, and using the upper limit and the lower limit of an observation frequency band window obtained by the iteration to search a spectrum peak at the next moment;
and the observation heart rate value calculation module is used for calculating an observation heart rate value according to the spectrum peak corresponding to the observation frequency band window.
2. The adaptive window spectrum peak searching apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the performing iterative computation of the upper and lower limits of the observation band window on the band window, each iteration corresponding to an upper and lower limit of each band window, comprises:
when a first observed heart rate value corresponding to a first observed frequency band window at the current moment is in a normal range of a human heart rate value, calculating a corresponding first window length coefficient according to the sequence length of the first observed heart rate value;
and correcting the first upper limit and the first lower limit of the first observation frequency band window together according to the first observation heart rate value, the first window length coefficient and the first window adjustment length to obtain the second upper limit and the second lower limit of the second observation frequency band window at the next moment.
3. The adaptive windowed spectral peak searching apparatus of claim 2, further comprising, after calculating the second upper limit and the second lower limit:
and adjusting the first window adjustment length at the current moment according to the first observation heart rate value and the initial observation heart rate value to obtain a second window adjustment length at the next moment.
4. The adaptive windowed spectral peak searching apparatus of claim 2, further comprising, after calculating the second upper limit and the second lower limit:
if the second upper limit is smaller than the upper limit threshold, giving an upper limit correction value to the second upper limit for correction; or,
and if the second lower limit is larger than the lower limit threshold, giving the second lower limit to the lower limit threshold for correction.
5. The peak searching apparatus of claim 1, wherein the initializing module is configured to generate initialization parameters for the observation band window, and comprises:
searching a first spectrum peak corresponding to an initial frequency band window according to the initial upper limit and the initial upper limit, and calculating an initial observed heart rate value at an initial time according to the first spectrum peak;
and obtaining an initial window length coefficient according to the sequence length of the initial observed heart rate value.
6. The peak searching apparatus of the adaptive window according to claim 2, wherein the second upper limit and the second lower limit of the second observation band window at the next time can be expressed as:
wherein h is i 、p i And d i The observed heart rate value, the window length coefficient and the window adjustment length at the ith time are respectively Ku i+1 And Kd i＋1 The upper and lower limits of the observation band window at the i+1th time are respectively.
7. The adaptive windowed spectral peak searching apparatus of claim 2, wherein the first window length coefficient may be expressed as:
where h is the sequence length of the observed heart rate values.
8. The peak searching apparatus of claim 3, wherein the second window adjustment length at the next time is expressed as:
wherein i.gtoreq.2 represents that the window adjustment length is adjusted only at the second moment, h 0 For initial observation of heart rate value, d 0, The length is adjusted for the window at the initial time and at the first time.
9. The adaptive windowed spectral peak searching apparatus of claim 4, wherein the upper threshold is 3.5Hz, the lower threshold is 0.9Hz, and the lower correction value is 0.83Hz.
10. The adaptive windowed spectral peak searching apparatus of claim 1, wherein the initial upper limit is 0.8Hz, the initial lower limit is 2.0Hz, and the initial window adjustment length is 0.68Hz.
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