CN116224414A - Trapezoidal scintillation fiber probe and quasi-distributed radiation detector based on same - Google Patents
Trapezoidal scintillation fiber probe and quasi-distributed radiation detector based on same Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a trapezoid scintillation optical fiber probe and a quasi-distributed radiation detector based on the same, belonging to the field of radiation sensing detection, comprising n structural elements welded in sequence, wherein each structural element comprises an inorganic scintillation optical fiber, an upper end and a lower end of the inorganic scintillation optical fiber are respectively combined with an inorganic transmission optical fiber A, an inorganic transmission optical fiber B is welded in a beam combining area respectively, and the inorganic transmission optical fibers B at the upper end and the lower end of each structural element are welded with the inorganic transmission optical fiber A of the next structural element according to the beam combining direction. The inorganic scintillating fibers and the inorganic transmission fibers are distributed in a trapezoid shape and are respectively responsible for radioactivity detection and light transmission, so that the problems that the current scintillating fibers are high in loss, small in light yield and incapable of realizing long-distance real-time monitoring are effectively solved, and the two photomultiplier tubes are distributed at the near end, so that the problem that position resolution of particles in a large range cannot be realized due to the fact that the photomultiplier tubes are arranged at the near end and the far end of the scintillating fibers is effectively solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a trapezoid scintillation optical fiber probe and a quasi-distributed radiation detector based on the same, and belongs to the technical field of radiation sensing detection.
Background
The scintillator detector mainly comprises a scintillator, a photomultiplier tube (PMT) and an electrical signal processing circuit. The scintillator is an energy conversion luminescent material having a scintillation luminescence characteristic, and is capable of emitting light in an ultraviolet or visible region under irradiation of various ionizing radiations such as X-rays, gamma rays, and high-energy particles such as thermal neutrons, alpha rays, beta rays, and the like. The scintillator detector has the advantages of high radiation detection efficiency, high irradiation resistance hardness, short response time, high energy resolution and the like, can effectively measure the ionizing radiation dose, and is applied to the fields of scanning security inspection, image medicine, environment monitoring, high-energy physics and the like. However, the larger volume of the scintillator in a scintillator detector results in a lower spatial resolution of the detector; the photoelectric processing unit is usually combined with the scintillator, and can only perform 'point' -type detection; electronic components are vulnerable to damage when exposed to strong ionizing radiation for a long period of time, and cannot be monitored in real time.
The scintillation fiber detector mainly comprises scintillation fiber, photomultiplier and electric signal processing circuit. The scintillation optical fiber is the combination of the scintillator and the optical fiber, has the scintillation characteristic of the scintillator and the advantage of the optical fiber, namely has two functions of radioactivity detection and light transmission waveguide. The scintillation optical fiber detector is characterized in that a scintillator serving as a radiation sensitive material is manufactured into an optical fiber core, a directional optical waveguide is provided for scintillation photons when radiation emits light, the photons are transmitted to the rear end for photoelectric detection, an electronic element is not required to be arranged in a radiation area, and the radiation sensing element and the electronic element are separated. Compared with the traditional block-shaped scintillator detector, the scintillation optical fiber detector has the advantages of high detection efficiency, high irradiation hardness and the like of the block-shaped scintillator detector, and also has the advantages of electromagnetic interference resistance, high response speed, integration in sensing and the like of the optical fiber sensor. However, the existing scintillation optical fiber detector adopts a single optical fiber or an optical fiber bundle as a probe, has higher transmission loss and smaller light yield, and is difficult to realize position resolution and long-distance real-time monitoring of particles in a large range.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems of high transmission loss, small light yield and difficulty in realizing the position resolution and long-distance real-time monitoring of particles in a large range in the existing detection system for radioactivity detection and analysis. The trapezoidal scintillation fiber probe enables two photomultiplier tubes required by measuring position resolution to be distributed at the near end, and effectively solves the problem that the position resolution of particles in a large range cannot be realized due to the fact that the photomultiplier tubes are required to be arranged at the near end and the far end of the scintillation fiber when the current scintillation fiber radiation detector measures position information.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a trapezoid scintillation fiber probe comprises n structural elements which are welded together in sequence, wherein n is a natural number greater than or equal to 2;
each structural element comprises an inorganic scintillating fiber, the upper path end and the lower path end of the inorganic scintillating fiber are respectively combined with an inorganic transmission fiber A, the inorganic transmission fiber A is respectively used as an upper path input end and a lower path input end, and an inorganic transmission fiber B is respectively welded in a combined area and is respectively used as an upper path output end and a lower path output end;
according to the beam combination direction, the inorganic transmission optical fibers B at the upper end and the lower end of each structural element are welded with the inorganic transmission optical fiber A of the next structural element, and the inorganic transmission optical fiber B of the last structural element is used as an output port of the probe.
Preferably, the end part of the inorganic transmission optical fiber A of the first structural element is plated with a silver high-reflection film, and the thickness of the high-reflection film is preferably 20-60 nanometers. The trapezoid scintillation fiber probe is coated with a high-reflection film at the far end, so that irrelevant light in the environment is effectively restrained from being transmitted to the photomultiplier, and the dark noise level of the detector is effectively reduced.
Preferably, the inorganic scintillating fiber has an outer diameter of 125-500 micrometers and an inner diameter of 10-105 micrometers;
the outer diameter of the inorganic transmission optical fiber A and the outer diameter of the inorganic transmission optical fiber B are 125-500 micrometers, and the inner diameter of the inorganic transmission optical fiber A and the inorganic transmission optical fiber B are 10-105 micrometers, and the inorganic transmission optical fibers with low loss in the luminous wave band of the inorganic scintillation optical fibers are adopted.
Preferably, the length of the inorganic scintillation fiber can be changed according to the detection environment, and under the condition that the inorganic scintillation fiber is at a certain interval, the longer the inorganic scintillation fiber is, the larger the area of the longitudinal detection area distributed along the direction of the inorganic scintillation fiber is, namely the larger the locatable range of the detector is, but the worse the sensitivity of the detector is.
Preferably, the trapezoidal scintillation optical fiber probe can change the number of the structural elements of the trapezoidal scintillation optical fiber, namely the value of n, according to the detection environment requirement, the more the number of the structural elements of the trapezoidal scintillation optical fiber is, the more the detection range is, but the intensity of far-end light reaching the photomultiplier is also reduced because of welding loss. The trapezoid scintillation optical fiber probe can change the distance between structural elements of the trapezoid scintillation optical fiber according to the detection environment requirement, the farther the distance is, the smaller the welding loss is, but the poorer the position resolution is.
The manufacturing method of the trapezoid scintillation fiber-optic probe comprises the following steps:
1) And combining the upper end of the inorganic scintillating fiber with the inorganic transmission fiber A by adopting a tapering technology, and welding the inorganic transmission fiber B as an upper output end after the optical fiber welding machine is arranged in a beam combining area.
2) Combining the lower end of the inorganic scintillating fiber with the inorganic transmission fiber A by adopting a tapering technology, welding the inorganic transmission fiber B as the lower output end after the combination area by adopting an optical fiber welding machine, and completing the manufacturing of structural elements of the trapezoidal scintillating fiber probe;
3) Repeating the steps 1) and 2) to prepare n structural elements;
4) And (3) welding the n structural elements in the step (3) with the upper output end of the n structural elements and the upper input end of the next structural element, and the lower output end and the upper input end of the next structural element in sequence according to the beam combination direction, wherein the inorganic transmission optical fiber B of the last structural element is used as an output port of the probe, and the trapezoidal scintillation optical fiber probe is manufactured.
Preferably, in step 1) and 2), the length of the beam combining region is preferably 30 to 60mm.
Preferably, the twisting method is adopted for tapering between the upper end of the inorganic scintillation optical fiber and the inorganic transmission optical fiber A and between the lower end of the inorganic scintillation optical fiber and the inorganic transmission optical fiber A.
The utility model provides a quasi-distributed radiation detector, includes foretell trapezoidal scintillation fiber probe, trapezoidal scintillation fiber probe's upper end output port has connected gradually first photomultiplier (PMT 1), first phase discriminator (CFD 1), time Amplitude Converter (TAC) and multichannel analyzer (MCA), trapezoidal scintillation fiber probe's lower end output port connects gradually second photomultiplier (PMT 2), second phase discriminator (CFD 2), time delay ware (DLA) time amplitude converter and multichannel analyzer.
The upper and lower path input port of the distal end of the trapezoid scintillation optical fiber probe is plated with a high reflection film, the upper and lower path output port of the proximal end is not plated with a high reflection film, and output light is directly coupled into the photomultiplier. The signal processing part is divided into an upper path and a lower path, and the signals in the upper path pass through a first photomultiplier tube (PMT 1) and reach a time-amplitude converter (TAC) through a first phase discriminator (CFD 1). The signal in the lower path passes through a second photomultiplier (PMT 2), a second phase detector (CFD 2), a Delay (DLA) and reaches a time-to-amplitude converter (TAC). A Time Amplitude Converter (TAC) measures the time interval delta t between the arrival of two paths of signals, generates analog output pulses in direct proportion to the time interval delta t, and transmits the analog output pulses to a multi-channel analyzer (MCA) for analysis, so that the position of a radioactive source can be calculated according to a time-of-flight method, and the dosage of the radioactive source can be judged according to the pulse frequency.
Preferably, the sensitivity, current gain, photoelectric characteristic, anode characteristic, dark current and other parameter indexes of the first photomultiplier (PMT 1) and the second photomultiplier (PMT 2) are the same, and the optimal detection range is the light-emitting wave band of the inorganic scintillating fiber.
In the invention, the data processing unit behind the photomultiplier is not limited to a phase discriminator, a time-amplitude converter and a multichannel analyzer, but can also be other data processing units.
In the working method of the quasi-distributed radiation detector, after the high-energy particles emitted by the radiation source are absorbed by the inorganic scintillating fiber, physical processes such as photoelectric effect, compton scattering, electron pair effect and the like are generated in the inorganic scintillating fiber, so that the electrons in the inorganic scintillating fiber absorb the high-energy particles to become excited electrons, and an optical signal is generated in the process that the unstable excited electrons release energy to return to a ground state;
because the inorganic scintillating fiber has the function of an optical transmission waveguide, an optical signal generated by the excitation of a radiation source is transmitted along the inorganic scintillating fiber, the optical signal generated by the excitation of the radiation source in the quasi-distributed radiation detector is divided into an optical signal A and an optical signal B, and the optical signal A and the optical signal B are simultaneously transmitted along an upper path and a lower path respectively, the optical signal A in the upper path reaches a first photomultiplier (PMT 1) through the inorganic scintillating fiber and the inorganic transmission fiber B to realize the conversion from the optical signal A to the electric signal A, then the electric signal A reaches a first phase discriminator (CFD 1) to realize the phase discrimination of the electric signal A, and finally the electric signal A reaches a time-amplitude converter (TAC);
meanwhile, an optical signal B in the lower path reaches a second photomultiplier (PMT 2) through an inorganic scintillation optical fiber and an inorganic transmission optical fiber B to realize conversion from the optical signal B to the electric signal B, then the electric signal B reaches a second phase discriminator (PMT 2) to realize phase discrimination of the electric signal B, then the electric signal B reaches a delay Device (DLA) to realize time delay on the electric signal B, finally the electric signal B reaches a time-to-amplitude converter (TAC), the time-to-amplitude converter measures two paths of signals, namely a time interval deltat reached by the electric signal A and the electric signal B, and generates an analog output pulse proportional to the time interval deltat, the analog output pulse is transmitted to a multichannel analyzer (MCA) to be analyzed, finally the position of a radioactive source is calculated according to a flight time method, and the dosage of the radioactive source is judged according to the pulse frequency.
The invention is not exhaustive and can be seen in the prior art.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
1) The quasi-distributed radiation detector based on the trapezoid scintillation fiber structure adopts the special trapezoid scintillation fiber structure as the probe, the probe is composed of inorganic scintillation fibers and inorganic transmission fibers, the inorganic scintillation fibers and the inorganic transmission fibers are distributed in a trapezoid shape and are respectively responsible for radioactivity detection and light transmission, so that light generated by a radioactive source at a far end can be transmitted to a photomultiplier through the low-loss inorganic transmission fibers, and the problems that the loss of the scintillation fibers is high and the light yield is small at present, and long-distance real-time monitoring cannot be realized are effectively solved.
2) According to the quasi-distributed radiation detector based on the trapezoid scintillation fiber structure, the special trapezoid scintillation fiber structure is adopted as a probe, the inorganic scintillation fibers are longitudinally distributed at intervals, light generated by excitation of a radiation source in the inorganic scintillation fibers is divided into an upper path and a lower path, and reaches two photomultiplier tubes at the near end through the inorganic transmission fibers, and position information of particles is obtained through a time-of-flight method. The special trapezoidal scintillation fiber probe enables two photomultiplier tubes required by measuring position resolution to be distributed at the near end, and effectively solves the problem that the position resolution of particles in a large range cannot be realized because the photomultiplier tubes are required to be arranged at the near end and the far end of the scintillation fiber when the current scintillation fiber radiation detector measures position information.
3) According to the quasi-distributed radiation detector based on the trapezoid scintillation optical fiber structure, the high-reflection film is plated at the far end of the optical fiber probe, so that irrelevant light in the environment is effectively restrained from being transmitted to the photomultiplier, and the dark noise level of the detector is effectively reduced.
4) According to the quasi-distributed radiation detector based on the trapezoid scintillation optical fiber structure, the delay Device (DLA) is arranged in the signal processing part, so that the position information of a radiation source close to the second photomultiplier (PMT 2) can be effectively obtained, and the problem that the Multichannel Analyzer (MAC) cannot perform information analysis due to the fact that negative phase difference data are generated in the time-amplitude converter (TAC) by light pulses generated by the radiation source close to the second photomultiplier (PMT 2) is effectively solved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a trapezoidal scintillation fiber optic probe of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a fusion process of two structural elements according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a structure of an A/B combination of an inorganic scintillating fiber and an inorganic transmission fiber by adopting a tapering technique;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a quasi-distributed radiation detector of the present invention;
in the figure, a 1-inorganic scintillation fiber, a 2-inorganic transmission fiber A, a 3-beam combining area, a 4-inorganic transmission fiber B, a 5-high-reflection film, a 6-first photomultiplier, a 7-first phase discriminator, an 8-time amplitude converter, a 9-multichannel analyzer, a 10-second photomultiplier, an 11-second phase discriminator and a 12-delay.
The specific embodiment is as follows:
in order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description will be given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but not limited thereto, and the present invention is not fully described and is according to the conventional technology in the art.
Example 1:
a trapezoid scintillation fiber optic probe, as shown in figures 1-3, comprises n structural elements welded together in sequence, n being a natural number greater than or equal to 2;
each structural element comprises an inorganic scintillating fiber 1, the upper path end and the lower path end of the inorganic scintillating fiber 1 are respectively combined with an inorganic transmission fiber A2, the inorganic transmission fiber A2 is respectively used as an upper path input end and a lower path input end, and an inorganic transmission fiber B4 is respectively welded in a combined area 3 and is respectively used as an upper path output end and a lower path output end;
according to the beam combination direction, the inorganic transmission optical fibers B4 at the upper end and the lower end of each structural element are welded with the inorganic transmission optical fiber A2 of the next structural element, and the inorganic transmission optical fiber B4 of the last structural element is used as an output port of the probe.
Example 2:
a trapezoid scintillation fiber probe has a structure as shown in the embodiment 1, except that the end part of an inorganic transmission fiber A of a first structural element is plated with a silver high-reflection film 5, namely, the upper and lower input ends of the far end of the trapezoid scintillation fiber probe are plated with high-reflection films, the upper and lower output ports of the near end are not plated with high-reflection films, and output light is directly coupled into a photomultiplier, wherein the thickness of the high-reflection film 5 is 45 nanometers in the embodiment. The trapezoid scintillation fiber probe is coated with a high-reflection film at the far end, so that irrelevant light in the environment is effectively restrained from being transmitted to the photomultiplier, and the dark noise level of the detector is effectively reduced.
The outer diameter of the inorganic scintillating fiber 1 is 125-500 micrometers, and the inner diameter is 10-105 micrometers;
the outer diameter of the inorganic transmission optical fiber A2 and the outer diameter of the inorganic transmission optical fiber B4 are 125-500 micrometers, the inner diameter is 10-105 micrometers, and the inorganic transmission optical fiber with low loss in the luminous wave band of the inorganic scintillation optical fiber is adopted.
Example 3:
a manufacturing method of a trapezoid scintillation fiber-optic probe comprises the following steps:
1) Selecting an optical fiber: YAG crystal derived optical fiber with the size of 125 micrometers of outer diameter and 30 micrometers of inner diameter is selected as a scintillation optical fiber, and ultraviolet quartz optical fiber with small transmission loss near the wavelength of 500 nanometers is selected as a transmission optical fiber with the size of 125 micrometers of outer diameter and 40 micrometers of inner diameter;
the upper end of the inorganic scintillating fiber 1 and the inorganic transmission fiber A2 are combined by adopting a tapering technology, the length of a beam combining area 3 is preferably 30-60 mm, and an optical fiber fusion splicer is adopted to fuse the inorganic transmission fiber B4 after the beam combining area 3 as an upper output end.
2) Combining the lower end of the inorganic scintillating fiber 1 with the inorganic transmission fiber A2 by adopting the same method in the step 1), namely adopting a tapering technology, adopting an optical fiber fusion splicer to fuse the inorganic transmission fiber B4 as the lower output end after the combination area 3, and finishing the manufacturing of the structural element of the trapezoid scintillating fiber probe, wherein the length of the scintillating fiber in the structural element is 5 meters;
3) Repeating the steps 1) and 2) to prepare n structural elements;
4) The n structural elements in the step 3) are sequentially welded with the upper output end of the n structural elements and the upper input end of the next structural element as well as the lower output end and the upper input end of the next structural element according to the beam combination direction (as shown in fig. 2, namely, the left upper inorganic transmission fiber B4 is welded with the right upper inorganic transmission fiber A2, the left lower inorganic transmission fiber B4 is welded with the right lower inorganic transmission fiber A2), the inorganic transmission fiber B of the last structural element is used as the output port of the probe, the trapezoidal scintillation fiber probe is manufactured, and the n structural elements are welded together to form the trapezoidal scintillation fiber probe shown in fig. 1, wherein the interval between adjacent scintillation fibers is 5 meters.
Example 4:
the manufacturing method of the trapezoid scintillation fiber probe is as shown in the embodiment 3, except that in the steps 1) and 2), the taper is performed by adopting a torsion method between the upper end of the inorganic scintillation fiber 1 and the inorganic transmission fiber A2 and between the lower end of the inorganic scintillation fiber 1 and the inorganic transmission fiber A2.
Example 5:
a quasi-distributed radiation detector is shown in fig. 4, and comprises the trapezoid scintillation fiber probe, wherein an upper end output port of the trapezoid scintillation fiber probe is sequentially connected with a first photomultiplier (PMT 1) 6, a first phase discriminator (CFD 1) 7, a time-amplitude converter (TAC) 8 and a multi-channel analyzer (MCA) 9, and a lower end output port of the trapezoid scintillation fiber probe is sequentially connected with a second photomultiplier (PMT 2) 10, a second phase discriminator (CFD 2) 11, a Delayer (DLA) 12, a time-amplitude converter 8 and the multi-channel analyzer 9.
Example 6:
the working method of the quasi-distributed radiation detector comprises the steps that after high-energy particles emitted by a radiation source are absorbed by an inorganic scintillation optical fiber 1, physical processes such as photoelectric effect, compton scattering, electron pair effect and the like occur in the inorganic scintillation optical fiber 1, the electrons in the inorganic scintillation optical fiber absorb the high-energy particles to become excited electrons, and an optical signal is generated in the process that the energy of unstable excited electrons returns to a ground state;
because the inorganic scintillating fiber has the function of an optical transmission waveguide, an optical signal generated by the excitation of a radiation source is transmitted along the inorganic scintillating fiber 1, the optical signal generated by the excitation of the radiation source in the quasi-distributed radiation detector is divided into an optical signal A and an optical signal B, and the optical signal A and the optical signal B are transmitted along an upper path and a lower path respectively at the same time, the optical signal A in the upper path reaches a first photomultiplier 6 through the inorganic scintillating fiber 1 and the inorganic transmission fiber B4 to realize the conversion from the optical signal A to the electric signal A, then the electric signal A reaches a first phase discriminator 7 to realize the phase discrimination of the electric signal A, and finally the electric signal A reaches a time-amplitude converter 8;
meanwhile, the optical signal B in the lower path reaches the second photomultiplier 10 through the inorganic scintillation optical fiber 1 and the inorganic transmission optical fiber B4, so that the conversion from the optical signal B to the electric signal B is realized, then the electric signal B reaches the second phase discriminator 11, so that the phase discrimination of the electric signal B is realized, then the electric signal B reaches the delayer 12, the time delay of the electric signal B is realized, finally the electric signal B reaches the time-amplitude converter 8, the time-amplitude converter 8 measures two paths of signals, namely the time interval deltat of the electric signal A and the electric signal B, and generates an analog output pulse in direct proportion to the time interval deltat, the analog output pulse is transmitted to the multichannel analyzer 9 for analysis, finally the position of the radioactive source is calculated according to a flight time method, and the dosage of the radioactive source is judged according to the pulse frequency.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, and such modifications and adaptations are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A trapezoid scintillation fiber-optic probe is characterized by comprising n structural elements which are welded together in sequence, wherein n is a natural number greater than or equal to 2;
each structural element comprises an inorganic scintillating fiber, the upper path end and the lower path end of the inorganic scintillating fiber are respectively combined with an inorganic transmission fiber A, the inorganic transmission fiber A is respectively used as an upper path input end and a lower path input end, and an inorganic transmission fiber B is respectively welded in a combined area and is respectively used as an upper path output end and a lower path output end;
according to the beam combination direction, the inorganic transmission optical fibers B at the upper end and the lower end of each structural element are welded with the inorganic transmission optical fiber A of the next structural element, and the inorganic transmission optical fiber B of the last structural element is used as an output port of the probe.
2. The trapezoidal scintillation fiber optic probe according to claim 1, wherein the end of the inorganic transmission fiber a of the first structural element is coated with a highly reflective film of silver, preferably having a thickness of 20-60 nm.
3. The trapezoidal shaped scintillation fiber optic probe of claim 1, wherein the inorganic scintillation fiber optic has an outer diameter of 125-500 microns and an inner diameter of 10-105 microns;
the outer diameter of the inorganic transmission optical fiber A and the outer diameter of the inorganic transmission optical fiber B are 125-500 micrometers, and the inner diameter is 10-105 micrometers.
4. A method of making a trapezoidal scintillation fiber optic probe as recited in claim 1, comprising the steps of:
1) Combining the upper end of the inorganic scintillating fiber with the inorganic transmission fiber A by adopting a tapering technology, and welding the inorganic transmission fiber B as an upper output end after the optical fiber welding machine is arranged in a beam combining area;
2) Combining the lower end of the inorganic scintillating fiber with the inorganic transmission fiber A by adopting a tapering technology, welding the inorganic transmission fiber B as the lower output end after the combination area by adopting an optical fiber welding machine, and completing the manufacturing of structural elements of the trapezoidal scintillating fiber probe;
3) Repeating the steps 1) and 2) to prepare n structural elements;
4) And (3) welding the n structural elements in the step (3) with the upper output end of the n structural elements and the upper input end of the next structural element, and the lower output end and the upper input end of the next structural element in sequence according to the beam combination direction, wherein the inorganic transmission optical fiber B of the last structural element is used as an output port of the probe, and the trapezoidal scintillation optical fiber probe is manufactured.
5. The method of manufacturing a trapezoidal scintillation fiber optic probe according to claim 4, wherein in steps 1) and 2), the length of the beam combining region is preferably 30 to 60mm.
6. The method for manufacturing a trapezoid scintillation fiber probe according to claim 4, wherein the taper is performed by adopting a twisting method between the upper end of the inorganic scintillation fiber and the inorganic transmission fiber A and between the lower end of the inorganic scintillation fiber and the inorganic transmission fiber A.
7. The quasi-distributed radiation detector is characterized by comprising the trapezoidal scintillation fiber probe according to claim 1, wherein an upper end output port of the trapezoidal scintillation fiber probe is sequentially connected with a first photomultiplier, a first phase discriminator, a time-amplitude converter and a multichannel analyzer, and a lower end output port of the trapezoidal scintillation fiber probe is sequentially connected with a second photomultiplier, a second phase discriminator, a delay timer, the time-amplitude converter and the multichannel analyzer.
8. A method of operating a quasi-distributed radiation detector as claimed in claim 7 wherein after the high energy particles emitted by the radiation source are absorbed by the inorganic scintillating fiber, a physical process occurs in the inorganic scintillating fiber to cause the electron absorbing high energy particles in the inorganic scintillating fiber to become excited electrons, and an optical signal is generated during the process of returning the energy released by the unstable excited electrons to the ground state;
the optical signals generated by the excitation of the radiation source are transmitted along the inorganic scintillating optical fiber, the optical signals generated by the excitation of the radiation source in the quasi-distributed radiation detector are divided into optical signals A and B, and are transmitted along an upper path and a lower path respectively at the same time, the optical signals A in the upper path reach a first photomultiplier through the inorganic scintillating optical fiber and the inorganic transmission optical fiber B to realize the conversion from the optical signals A to the electric signals A, then the electric signals A reach a first phase discriminator to realize the phase discrimination of the electric signals A, and finally the electric signals A reach a time-amplitude converter;
meanwhile, an optical signal B in the lower path reaches a second photomultiplier through an inorganic scintillation optical fiber and an inorganic transmission optical fiber B to realize conversion from the optical signal B to an electric signal B, then the electric signal B reaches a second phase discriminator to realize phase discrimination of the electric signal B, then the electric signal B reaches a time delay device to realize time delay of the electric signal B, finally the electric signal B reaches a time-to-amplitude converter, the time-to-amplitude converter measures two paths of signals, namely a time interval delta t between the electric signal A and the electric signal B, and generates an analog output pulse proportional to the time interval delta t, the analog output pulse is transmitted to a multichannel analyzer to be analyzed, the position of a radioactive source is calculated according to a flight time method finally, and the dosage of the radioactive source is judged according to the pulse frequency.
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