CN116222705B - Method for determining limit water level of underground paddy field and dry land - Google Patents
Method for determining limit water level of underground paddy field and dry land Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for determining the limit water level of underground paddy field and dry land, which comprises the following steps: acquiring a diving reference water level of a diving aquifer; wherein, dive reference water level includes: a diving reference water level of the non-underground water super-mining area and a diving reference water level of the underground water super-mining area; acquiring the quasi-water level of the confined water aquifer; wherein, the pressurized water reference water level includes: the pressure-bearing water quasi-water level of the non-underground water super-mining area and the pressure-bearing water quasi-water level of the underground water super-mining area; acquiring a drought limit water level based on the diving reference water level; acquiring a drought limit bearing water level based on the bearing water quasi-water level; and obtaining the underground paddy field and dry limited water level based on the dry limited submerged water level and the dry limited pressure-bearing water level. The invention considers whether the groundwater in the historical period of the region is overproduced or not, and evaluates whether the current situation or the overproduction in the future period reaches the balance of production and compensation or not. The quasi-water level of the underground water of the area is determined from two different types of diving water and pressure-bearing water.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of underground water alarm rings, and particularly relates to a method for determining the water level limit of underground paddy fields and dry lands.
Background
Groundwater is an important component of water resources, and has important resource and ecological environment functions. Drought is the most common and serious natural disaster worldwide, and the drought disaster accounts for more than 35% of the natural disasters worldwide. In the underground water management practice, the development and utilization of the underground water resources are restrained and managed in the water quantity and water level at the same time, the optimal control management water level suitable for the area is determined, and the sustainable development and utilization of the underground water resources can be better ensured by combining the underground water safe exploitation amount of the area. In particular, when the area faces drought or extra-large drought, the underground water management should be strictly carried out on the basis of the determination of the underground water limit (police) water level.
At present, the demarcation of different warning water levels of groundwater in most areas is to use the critical water level which does not cause the geological problems of the ecological environment as the reference water level on the premise that the geological ecological environment is not destroyed after the groundwater is exploited. On the basis of the reference water level, different levels of warning water levels are defined according to different time limits and different water types of the region as targets. The main defects are that the problems of the type of the groundwater in the region, whether the groundwater is super-mined or not, whether the geological ecological environment is damaged or not and the like are not considered.
The determination of the groundwater and drought limit (police) water level refers to the fact that the surface water resources are less under dry and drought conditions, regional life, production and ecological water safety are required to be guaranteed, the exploitation and utilization of the groundwater resources are considered to be increased, the geological and ecological environment is not destroyed, and the groundwater level of the limit (police) is considered to be concerned or controlled.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a method for determining the water level limit of underground paddy field and dry land, which considers whether the underground water in the historical period of a region is over-mined or not, and evaluates whether the current situation or the over-mining in the future period reaches the mining balance or not. The quasi-water level of the underground water of the area is determined from two different types of diving water and pressure-bearing water.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for determining a limit water level of an underground paddy field, comprising:
acquiring a diving reference water level of a diving aquifer; wherein, the diving reference water level comprises: a diving reference water level of the non-underground water super-mining area and a diving reference water level of the underground water super-mining area;
acquiring the quasi-water level of the confined water aquifer; wherein, the pressurized water reference water level includes: the pressure-bearing water quasi-water level of the non-underground water super-mining area and the pressure-bearing water quasi-water level of the underground water super-mining area;
acquiring a drought limit water level based on the diving reference water level;
acquiring a drought limit bearing water level based on the bearing water reference water level;
and acquiring the underground paddy field and dry limited water level based on the dry limited submerged water level and the dry limited pressure-bearing water level.
Optionally, obtaining the diving reference water level of the non-groundwater super-mining area comprises:
acquiring historical underground water burial depth monitoring data of a non-underground water super-mining area in a submerged aquifer, removing abnormal points of data fluctuation, and acquiring underground water burial depth change conditions;
acquiring annual data based on the underground water burial depth change condition; the annual data are data of the month of the maximum burial depth in the year;
and acquiring underground water buried depth data of a non-underground water super-mining area in the submerged aquifer by adopting the Kriging interpolation based on the annual data, and acquiring a historical annual underground water buried depth change curve graph based on the underground water buried depth data so as to acquire a historical minimum underground water level in the curve graph, wherein the historical minimum underground water level is the submerged reference water level of the non-underground water super-mining area.
Optionally, obtaining the diving reference water level of the groundwater super-mining area comprises:
acquiring historical rainfall data of a groundwater super-mining area in a diving aquifer, and dividing the historical rainfall data into abundant, flat and withered years;
based on the divided land, water and dead year type, constructing a groundwater level amplitude variation model before and after super-mining treatment by utilizing regional groundwater burial depth data of a groundwater super-mining area in a diving aquifer;
based on the underground water level amplitude-changing models before and after super-mining treatment, constructing an annual underground water level amplitude-changing target value model according to the regional underground water pressure mining target of an underground water super-mining area in a diving aquifer;
and analyzing whether the regional groundwater of the groundwater super-mining area in the submerged aquifer reaches the mining-supplementing balance or not based on the annual groundwater level amplitude target value model, and obtaining the submerged reference water level of the groundwater super-mining area.
Optionally, analyzing whether regional groundwater in the super-mining area of groundwater in the submerged aquifer reaches a harvest-complement balance comprises:
if the acquisition balance is reached: the fact that the groundwater level does not drop in the plain water year is regarded that regional groundwater reaches the mining balance, and the lowest groundwater level is the diving reference water level of the groundwater super-mining area;
if the acquisition balance is not reached: based on the water level change trend, the groundwater level still falls in the plain water year to be regarded as that regional groundwater does not reach the mining balance; considering the influence of the regional groundwater pressure mining target on the groundwater level, and the lowest groundwater level plus the target water level amplitude is the diving reference water level of the groundwater super-mining area.
Optionally, obtaining the confined water quasi-water level of the non-groundwater super-mining area comprises:
acquiring the regional ground settlement of a non-underground water super-mining area in a confined water aquifer and the confined groundwater level monitoring data of the center of a funnel;
carrying out regression analysis on the regional ground settlement and the pressure-bearing groundwater level monitoring data to obtain a best fit equation;
based on the best fit equation, when the settlement amount is 0, the calculated groundwater level is a critical water level of the area which does not cause ground settlement, and the critical water level is taken as the confined water quasi-water level of the area which does not cause ground settlement.
Optionally, obtaining the pressure-bearing water quasi-water level of the groundwater super-mining area comprises:
and determining the reference water level of the confined water in the underground water super-mining area according to the historical minimum value, and taking the historical minimum value as the reference water level.
Optionally, acquiring the drought limit water level includes:
dividing the diving aquifer into different water level grades based on the diving reference water level;
and acquiring the drought limit water levels of the diving aquifers with different water level grades based on a water balancing method.
Optionally, the water equalization method is as follows:
wcan=100× (h 1-h radical) ×μ×F-Q total row
Wherein W is Can be used for To calculate the amount of groundwater available for exploitation in the time zone, Q General row To calculate the total drainage amount h of the water-containing layer in the time zone 1 、h Base group The initial water level and the reference water level of the calculation period are calculated respectively, mu is the regional water supply degree, and F is the regional area.
Optionally, acquiring the drought limit bearing water level includes:
dividing the confined water aquifer into different water level grades based on the diving reference water level;
and acquiring the drought limit bearing positions of the bearing water aquifers with different water level grades based on the water balancing method.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and technical effects:
the invention considers whether the groundwater in the historical period of the region is overproduced or not, and evaluates whether the current situation or the overproduction in the future period reaches the balance of production and compensation or not. The quasi-water level of the underground water of the area is determined from two different types of diving water and pressure-bearing water. On the basis, the exploitation and utilization of underground water resources are increased under the consideration of drought or extra-large drought, and different warning underground water levels are set according to the conditions of water balance, water demand, management and control targets and the like of aquifer water in time intervals or types.
The invention can prevent the ecological geological environment from being deteriorated caused by the excessive exploitation of the underground water; under different levels of drought water limiting levels, the groundwater supply rules are properly adjusted so as to ensure the groundwater demand under the condition of subsequent drought sustainable development, and the groundwater demand can be used as an enabling condition of drought-resistant standby water sources.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the application and together with the description serve to explain the application. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a change curve of a regional groundwater burial depth according to an embodiment of the application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the amplitude curve relationship between the groundwater level before and after super-mining treatment according to an embodiment of the application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a graph of a variable amplitude target value of groundwater level under a fracturing production target according to an embodiment of the application;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a dynamic change curve of the ground water burial depth of a certain area with slightly rising ground water burial depth in 2018 according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a dynamic variation curve of groundwater burial depth in a certain area with groundwater level in a continuously descending state according to an embodiment of the application;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a theoretical relationship between clay soil layer thickness and bearing stress in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a relationship between the pressure-bearing groundwater level and ground settlement according to an embodiment of the application;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a change curve of the burial depth of the zone bearing water according to an embodiment of the application;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a ground sedimentation and funnel center water level curve according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the change of the water level of a confined aquifer according to an embodiment of the application;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a regional pressure-bearing water level variation curve according to an embodiment of the present application; wherein, (a) is a schematic diagram that the confined water level in the area reaches the lowest in 2014, and (b) is a schematic diagram that the confined water level in the area continuously drops;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the filling and draining of the deep confined water of the evaluation unit according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 13 is a schematic flow chart of a method for determining a limit water level of an underground paddy field according to an embodiment of the application.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments of the present application and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other. The application will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings in connection with embodiments.
It should be noted that the steps illustrated in the flowcharts of the figures may be performed in a computer system such as a set of computer executable instructions, and that although a logical order is illustrated in the flowcharts, in some cases the steps illustrated or described may be performed in an order other than that illustrated herein.
The application provides a method for determining the limit water level of underground paddy field and dry land, which comprises the following steps:
acquiring a diving reference water level of a diving aquifer; wherein, dive reference water level includes: a diving reference water level of the non-underground water super-mining area and a diving reference water level of the underground water super-mining area;
Acquiring the quasi-water level of the confined water aquifer; wherein, the pressurized water reference water level includes: the pressure-bearing water quasi-water level of the non-underground water super-mining area and the pressure-bearing water quasi-water level of the underground water super-mining area;
acquiring a drought limit water level based on the diving reference water level;
acquiring a drought limit bearing water level based on the bearing water quasi-water level;
and obtaining the underground paddy field and dry limited water level based on the dry limited submerged water level and the dry limited pressure-bearing water level.
Further, obtaining the diving reference water level of the non-groundwater super-mining area comprises:
acquiring historical underground water burial depth monitoring data of a non-underground water super-mining area in a submerged aquifer, removing abnormal points of data fluctuation, and acquiring underground water burial depth change conditions;
acquiring annual data based on the buried depth change condition of the underground water; the annual data are data of the month of the maximum burial depth in the year;
based on the annual data, acquiring underground water buried depth data of a non-underground water super-mining area in the submerged aquifer by adopting the kriging interpolation, and based on the underground water buried depth data, acquiring a historical annual underground water buried depth change curve graph, thereby acquiring a historical minimum underground water level in the curve graph, wherein the historical minimum underground water level is the submerged reference water level of the non-underground water super-mining area.
Further, obtaining the diving reference water level of the underground water super-mining area comprises:
acquiring historical rainfall data of a groundwater super-mining area in a diving aquifer, and dividing the historical rainfall data into abundant, flat and withered years;
based on the divided land, water and dead year type, constructing a groundwater level amplitude variation model before and after super-mining treatment by utilizing regional groundwater burial depth data of a groundwater super-mining area in a diving aquifer;
based on the underground water level amplitude-changing models before and after super-mining treatment, constructing an annual underground water level amplitude-changing target value model according to the regional underground water pressure mining target of an underground water super-mining area in a diving aquifer;
and analyzing whether the regional groundwater of the groundwater super-mining area in the diving aquifer reaches the mining-supplementing balance or not based on the annual groundwater level amplitude target value model, and obtaining the diving reference water level of the groundwater super-mining area.
Further, analyzing whether regional groundwater in the super-mining area of groundwater in the submerged aquifer reaches a harvest-complement balance includes:
if the acquisition balance is reached: the fact that the groundwater level does not drop in the plain water year is regarded that regional groundwater reaches the balance of mining and supplementing, and the lowest groundwater level is the diving reference water level of the groundwater super-mining area;
if the acquisition balance is not reached: based on the water level change trend, the groundwater level still falls in the plain water year to be regarded as that regional groundwater does not reach the mining balance; considering the influence of the regional groundwater pressure mining target on the groundwater level, and the lowest groundwater level plus the target water level amplitude is the diving reference water level of the groundwater super-mining area.
Further, obtaining the reference water level of the pressurized water in the non-groundwater super-mining area comprises:
acquiring the regional ground settlement of a non-underground water super-mining area in a confined water aquifer and the confined groundwater level monitoring data of the center of a funnel;
carrying out regression analysis on the regional ground settlement and the pressure-bearing groundwater level monitoring data to obtain a best fit equation;
based on the best fit equation, when the settlement amount is 0, the calculated underground water level is a critical water level of the area which does not cause ground settlement, and the critical water level is taken as a pressure-bearing water quasi-water level of the area which does not cause ground settlement.
Further, obtaining the reference water level of the pressurized water in the underground water super-mining area comprises the following steps:
the reference water level of the confined water in the underground water super-mining area is determined according to the historical minimum value, mainly ground subsidence is caused by super-mining, and ground subsidence is not caused as long as the minimum value is not exceeded, so that the reference water level is taken as the reference water level according to the historical minimum value.
Further, acquiring the drought limit water level includes:
dividing the diving aquifer into different water level grades based on the diving reference water level;
based on a water balancing method, the drought limit water levels of the diving aquifers with different water level grades are obtained.
Further, the acquiring the drought limit bearing water level comprises:
Dividing the confined water aquifer into different water level grades based on the diving reference water level;
based on a water balancing method, the drought limit bearing positions of bearing water aquifers with different water level grades are obtained.
The embodiment considers whether the regional historical period groundwater is overproduced or not, and evaluates whether the current situation or the future period groundwater is overproduced or not to reach the mining balance. The quasi-water level of the underground water of the area is determined from two different types of diving water and pressure-bearing water. On the basis, the exploitation and utilization of underground water resources are increased under the consideration of drought or extra-large drought, and different warning underground water levels are set according to the conditions of water balance, water demand, management and control targets and the like of aquifer water in time intervals or types.
The determination of the groundwater and drought limit (police) water level refers to the fact that the surface water resources are less under dry and drought conditions, regional living, production and ecological water safety are possibly needed, the exploitation and utilization of the groundwater resources are considered to be increased, and the groundwater level limit (police) taking care of or taking control measures should be taken on the premise that the geological and ecological environment is not destroyed.
The critical water level of the underground water exploitation, which does not cause the problem of the geological ecological environment, is taken as a reference water level, and the drought limit (police) water level can be set to different levels according to the conditions of water balance, water demand, management and control targets and the like of the aquifer at different time intervals or types. The time period can be divided into 1 month, 2 months, 3 months and the like of water supply according to the demand time period; the types can be divided into a water critical period for birth, a water critical period for industry, a water critical period for agriculture and the like according to the water demand characteristics.
The determination of the diving reference water level can adopt a aquifer thickness proportion method and a ground water level dynamic simulation analysis method, on the basis, the areas with special requirements for ground water quality protection, environmental geological disaster prevention and control and the like are adjusted according to constraint conditions, and finally the reference water level is determined.
(1) Dynamic simulation analysis method for underground water level
And simulating the dynamic characteristics of the groundwater level under the conditions of different guarantee rates and precipitation under the condition that the groundwater exploitation of the area is under full load (namely, the groundwater exploitation amount is equal to the estimated exploitation amount), and determining the lowest groundwater level of the obtained year as the reference water level of the area under the condition that the precipitation amount is equal to 95% guarantee rate. For areas that have been fully mined or that have been overproduced, the average water level over the years with full mining but no overproduction is taken as the initial water level for the simulation calculation.
(2) Method for preparing water-bearing layer by thickness ratio
The method is mainly applicable to pore water, and can be divided into mountain front flood plain, lake plain and coastal plain shallow pore water. And when the groundwater level in the shallow pore water reaches 1/2 of the thickness of the water-containing layer group of the development and utilization target, positioning the reference water level.
(3) Constraint condition of reference water level adjustment
(1) The critical water level which may excite new underground water pollution and sea salt water invasion is set as the reference water level due to the falling of the underground water level.
(2) The critical water level, which may cause ground subsidence, ground collapse, and ground cracks due to the ground water level falling, is defined as the reference water level.
(3) For the Mingquan field needing protection, the goals of protecting the spring and supplying water are comprehensively considered, and the reference water level is comprehensively determined.
As shown in fig. 13, the specific steps of this embodiment include:
1. diving reference water level determination
The submerged aquifer is the first aquifer with a free surface in the saturated zone, with no or only a partial roof above it. Under natural conditions, the main sources of the water supply are atmospheric precipitation infiltration and surface water supply, and the drainage modes are runoff drainage and evaporation drainage. The water circulation of the diving aquifer is rapid in alternation, the period is short, and the updating and recovering are rapid. The water source is usually buried shallowly, widely distributed and convenient to mine, and is an important water supply source in areas with insufficient surface water sources so as to maintain regional economic and social development. The artificial exploitation of groundwater accelerates the water circulation and alternation of the submerged aquifer and also changes the water supplementing and discharging mode of the aquifer. Under the dual influences of natural conditions and human activities, the supply sources of the submerged aquifer mainly comprise precipitation infiltration, surface water, irrigation infiltration and the like, and the drainage modes comprise lateral runoff, submerged evaporation and artificial exploitation.
Groundwater balance is used for clarifying the quantitative relation between income and expenditure of groundwater water quantity in a certain period, and the water layer in the balance period is supplied with more water than the excretion, and is regarded as positive balance, and negative balance is reversed. Under natural conditions, the supply and drainage of diving for many years is balanced, but the artificial effects tend to disrupt the overall balance of groundwater. The balance of the aquifer can be expressed on the dynamic change of the groundwater level, if the total replenishment quantity of the aquifer is larger than the total drainage quantity in a certain period, the groundwater level can rise, and conversely, the groundwater level can fall.
-μ·Δh·F＝Q Total patch -Q General row (1-1)
In which Q Total patch 、Q General row The total replenishing amount and the total discharging amount of the regional aquifer are respectively ten thousand m < 3 >; Δh is the regional diving level variation, m; μ is the water supply of the aquifer; f is the area of the region, m 2 。
The influence of human activities on a submerged aquifer is mainly divided into two cases, namely, the underground water exploitation amount is smaller than the exploitation amount of the aquifer, and the underground water level is in the dynamic change within the acceptable range; secondly, the underground water exploitation amount is larger than the exploitation amount, and the underground water level continuously drops due to long-term super exploitation of the underground water. Therefore, the reference water level of the submerged aquifer is determined by a ground water level dynamic analysis method, and the ground water in the area is divided into super-mining and non-super-mining states.
1.1.1 non-groundwater super-mining area diving reference level
The underground water exploitation amount of the non-underground water super-exploitation area is smaller than the exploitation amount, and the diving water level is in dynamic change in a reasonable range.
The technical key points are as follows: based on a ground water level dynamic simulation analysis method, drawing a region long-time sequence ground water burial depth dynamic change graph, and determining the lowest annual ground water level as a diving reference water level, wherein the method comprises the following specific steps of:
(1) Collecting historical groundwater burial depth monitoring data of an area, and eliminating abnormal points of data fluctuation;
(2) According to the change condition of the underground water burial depth in the regional year, the maximum burial depth month in the year is generally selected to represent annual data.
(3) And (3) calculating the underground water burial depth of the area by adopting a kriging method (kriging) interpolation, drawing a historical annual underground water burial depth change curve graph, and determining the lowest historical underground water level.
Reference example:
the area is a non-submerged super-mining area, and groundwater burial depth monitoring data of 2000-2018 years are collected according to the technical key points. As shown in fig. 1, according to the dynamic change curve of the groundwater burial depth in 2000-2018 years, the deepest groundwater burial depth in 2009 is 7.64m, and the determined diving reference water level burial depth in the region is 7.64m.
1.1.2 groundwater reference level in super mining area
The underground water super-mining area, namely the underground water mining amount is larger than the mining amount, and the water level continuously drops. After the super-mining area is subjected to the comprehensive treatment of the underground water super-mining, the underground water is mined year by year, and the descending trend of the underground water level is slowed down or the water level rises. Two aspects are considered aiming at the super-mining area diving reference water level, and on one hand, if the groundwater level rises or falls slowly, whether the diving aquifer is balanced from super-mining to mining is evaluated. On the other hand, if the groundwater level is still falling, the determination of the diving reference water level needs to consider the groundwater pressure target value. Because diving is greatly affected by infiltration of precipitation, the annual variation of the regional flat water level equal to 0 is regarded as the aquifer to reach the equilibrium of mining and complement. When evaluating whether the diving aquifer is balanced and the underground water pressure mining target value, the area is defined to be rich, flat, withered and water-descending years, and the underground water level amplitude target value is formulated according to the pressure mining target.
(1) Dividing super-mining area into abundant, flat and withered years
And collecting historical long-sequence rainfall data of the area, wherein the rainfall frequency of each year is determined by adapting a Pearson III-type curve, and the rainfall amounts of county (city, district) in rich, flat and dry years are respectively 25%, 50% and 75% of the reference rainfall frequency. And then dividing the full-year, flat-year and dry-year according to the precipitation condition of each year. The year of the frequency precipitation of less than or equal to 37.5% of the precipitation is the year of the high water, the year of the frequency precipitation of more than 37.5% of the precipitation of less than or equal to 62.5% of the precipitation is the year of the flat water, and the year of the frequency precipitation of more than 62.5% of the precipitation is the year of the dead water. The method comprises the following steps:
Wherein P is i Annual rainfall (mm) for the ith year in the range of the previous year for county (city, district) management; p (P) 37.5％ Precipitation (mm) at a reference precipitation frequency of 37.5%; p (P) 62.5％ Precipitation (mm) at a reference precipitation frequency of 75%;
(2) Drawing an amplitude curve of underground water level
The characteristic amplitude curve of the regional groundwater level can be manufactured by three characteristic values of the groundwater level amplitude before regional super-mining treatment under the year of abundant, flat and dry precipitation and the respective precipitation frequency. Similarly, three total target values of the amplitude of the groundwater level after the treatment of county (city, district) in the year of abundant, flat and dry precipitation and the respective precipitation frequencies can be used for manufacturing a total target amplitude curve of the groundwater level after the regional treatment. As shown in the following graph, the relation curve can be used for finding out characteristic values of the regional pre-treatment super-recovery corresponding to the water level, leveling and withering, and theoretically, the characteristic amplitude curve of the water level before treatment and the total target amplitude curve of the water level after treatment are in a translation relation, and the translation distance between the two curves is as followsThis can be demonstrated by the following calculation.
The relation between the characteristic value of the amplitude of the groundwater level before the treatment and the total target value of the amplitude of the groundwater level after the treatment under the year of abundant, flat and dry precipitation is expressed as follows.
The relation is obtained by arrangement:
ΔH in the formula (1-4) Abundant features -ΔH Feng general goal 、ΔH Flat, features -ΔH Flat, general goal ΔH Withered, characteristic of -ΔH Withered, general objective The displacement values between the amplitude curves of the two groundwater levels in the year of the water is full, the year of the water is flat and the year of the water is dead (figure 2), and the displacement values are equal to each other and are equal to each other as can be seen from figure 2Therefore, in theory, the two groundwater level amplitude curves have a translation relationship. Meanwhile, after the groundwater production-compensation balance is performed after the regional groundwater super-production treatment, the groundwater level amplitude of the corresponding plain year is 0.
(3) Determining an underground water level amplitude-changing target under a pressure production target
The regional groundwater level amplitude reference target value can be formulated according to the proportional relation between annual pressure production tasks and total pressure production tasks in county (city and district), and by combining the groundwater level amplitude characteristic value before treatment and the groundwater level amplitude target value after treatment. The total target value of the amplitude of the underground water level after treatment is divided into three target values of rich, flat and dry, and the reference target value of the amplitude of the underground water level in the current year of each examination is formulated. The specific calculation formula is as follows:
in the formula, deltaH i, feng, target 、ΔH i, plane, target 、ΔH i, withered, target Respectively obtaining a ground water level amplitude reference target value (m) of the region in the i year under the year of abundant, flat and dry precipitation; sigma W i-1, annual compression production For the groundwater pressure recovery tasks (m) scheduled to be completed before the ith year of the area 3 )；W Total pressure production The total groundwater pressure production task for the area is completed up to super production (fig. 3).
The technical key points are as follows: based on a ground water level dynamic simulation analysis method, drawing a region long-time sequence ground water burial depth dynamic change graph, and determining the lowest annual ground water level as a diving reference water level, wherein the method comprises the following specific steps of:
(1) Collecting historical rainfall data of an area, and dividing the historical rainfall data into a full-scale model, a flat model and a withered model;
(2) Calculating regional groundwater burial depth data according to the technical key points of 1.1.2, and drawing a schematic diagram of the relation between the groundwater level amplitude curves before and after super-mining treatment;
(3) Drawing a annual groundwater level amplitude target value curve schematic diagram according to the regional groundwater pressure mining target;
(4) And analyzing whether the groundwater in the area reaches the mining-supplementing balance, and determining the diving reference water level according to different conditions.
Based on the technical key points, a regional long-sequence groundwater burial depth change chart is drawn, the groundwater level amplitude is converted into the plain water year, and whether the submerged aquifer reaches the mining balance is evaluated. As shown in FIG. 4, the buried depth of the groundwater in 2018 is slightly raised, and the annual groundwater level amplitude is converted into the plain water according to the relation of groundwater level amplitude curves before and after regional super-mining treatment. Under the condition of the plain water year, the amplitude of the groundwater becomes smaller than or equal to 0, the water-bearing layer can be regarded as reaching the balance or positive balance of the mining and compensation, the diving reference water level of the region takes the lowest burial depth value, the lowest burial depth of the groundwater in 2017 is 40.69m, and finally the diving reference water level of the region is 40.69m. Under the condition of the open water year, the amplitude of the groundwater is larger than 0, so that the aquifer is in negative balance and does not reach the mining balance. The water level target value of the next year is calculated according to the underground water pressure acquisition target of the next year and the underground water level amplitude target value curve, and the diving reference water level is the underground water level of the current year plus the water level target value of the next year. As shown in fig. 5, the groundwater level is in a continuously descending state, and the diving reference water level is the groundwater level of the current year plus the target water level of the next year.
In summary, the determination of the groundwater reference water level in the super-mining area should consider whether the aquifer reaches the mining balance, and (1) the mining balance is reached: the ground water level of the plain water year is not reduced, and is regarded as that the regional ground water reaches the balance of the mining and the supplementing, and the lowest ground water level is taken as the regional reference water level; (2) the harvest equilibrium is not reached: based on the water level change trend, the groundwater level still falls in the plain water year to be regarded as that the regional groundwater does not reach the mining balance. Considering the influence of the regional groundwater pressure mining target on the groundwater level, and the lowest groundwater level plus the target water level amplitude is the regional diving reference water level.
1.2 pressure-bearing Water-based quasi-Water level determination
The confined water is water filled in the aquifer between two water barriers (water-impermeable layers) and is subjected to hydrostatic pressure from the groundwater in the exposed area, not only filling the entire aquifer, but also subjected to additional pressure. Under natural conditions, the confined aquifer has weaker water circulation alternation and is less influenced by meteorological and hydrologic factors. When the water-proof performance of the water-proof roof and the bottom plate of the confined aquifer is good, the confined water mainly obtains the supply of atmospheric precipitation, surface water and the like through the exposed area of the confined aquifer, and is discharged in a discharge area through springs or other modes, and at the moment, the distribution area of the confined water is often inconsistent with the supply area of the confined water. When the water-proof top and the bottom plate are the water-permeable layers, the pressurized water can also obtain the overflow supply of the upper and lower aquifers through the water-permeable layers, or the overflow drainage of the upper and lower aquifers occurs. Under the influence of human activities, the main drainage mode of confined aquifer water is artificial exploitation, and the water release is elastic water release generated by the expansion of the water body in the aquifer and the compression of the framework due to the reduction of the pressure water head. As shown in fig. 6, in a normal case, the produced pressurized water is mainly the elastic water release of the sandy medium in the aquifer, the stress born by the water is not more than the maximum stress born in the earlier stage, only the elastic deformation can occur, and the water level of the water is recoverable. Under the condition of over mining, the confined aquifer can compact the clay interlayer to generate inelastic water release, and inelastic compression deformation can occur when the borne stress exceeds the maximum stress borne in the earlier stage, so that the water level can be recovered, and the water quantity can be recovered partially. In some areas where the pressurized water is excessively exploited, the inelastic compression deformation of the aquifer extends to the ground surface to form ground subsidence, so that the geological ecological environment of the area is irreversibly destroyed, and the pressurized water quasi-water level is determined by comprehensively considering the ground subsidence condition of the area. Ground subsidence is ground elevation loss formed under the action of natural factors or human factors, is uncompensated permanent environment and resource loss, is a devitrification caused by the destruction of a geological environment system, and is a geological disaster threatening the utilization of resources and the environmental protection. For areas where groundwater production is super-intense and ground settlement rates are high, groundwater production has a good correlation with ground settlement (fig. 7).
1.2.1 non-groundwater super mining area confined Water base Water quasi-Water level
The non-deep pressure-bearing water super-mining area means that the pressure-bearing water exploitation amount does not exceed the elastic water release amount of the aquifer, the pressure-bearing water level fluctuates and changes, and the damage to geological and ecological environments such as ground subsidence and the like is not caused. And the method is similar to the determination of the reference water level of a non-submerged super-mining area, draws a regional confined water burial depth change curve graph by collecting historical long-sequence groundwater level monitoring data, and takes the lowest groundwater level as the regional confined water reference water level. As shown in fig. 8, in the dynamic change curve of the groundwater burial depth in 2000-2017 years, the greatest groundwater burial depth in 2005 is 53.50m, and the reference water level burial depth of the confined water in this area should be 53.50m.
Further considering that the exploitation amount of the confined water needs to be increased under special situations, such as emergency water supply under extra-large drought conditions, the reference water level of the confined water in the area is determined under the condition that ground subsidence is not caused. For ground subsidence caused by the super-mining of the pressurized water, the marginal area of the deep water falling funnel is needed to determine the quasi-water level of the pressurized water which does not cause the ground subsidence. The quasi-water level of the bearing water which does not cause ground subsidence is determined mainly by the monitoring data of ground subsidence and bearing water level in the center of the funnel. And other areas do not form ground subsidence, so that the similar hydrogeological condition areas where the ground subsidence is generated need to be researched, and the quasi-water level determination technology of the pressurized water which does not cause the ground subsidence is the same as that described above.
The technical key points are as follows:
(1) Collecting ground settlement of an area and monitoring data of the bearing ground water level of the center of the funnel, and drawing a variable change curve chart;
(2) Regression analysis is carried out on the two groups of data to determine the best fit equation;
(3) When the settlement amount is 0, the calculated groundwater level is the critical water level which does not cause ground settlement in the area and can be used as the pressure-bearing water standard water level of the area which does not cause ground settlement.
As shown in fig. 9, a change curve of ground subsidence and funnel central water level in a certain area is drawn, and a fitting equation is as follows: y= 0.0865x 2 -2.862x-372.44,R 2 Taking the settlement y=0, the groundwater level x is 51.25m, namely the quasi-water level of the pressurized water in the area is 51.25m.
1.2.2 underground Water super mining area pressure-bearing water base quasi-water level
As shown in FIG. 10, the water level of a confined aquifer is in a dynamic change curve, and when the confined water level does not reach the lowest historical water level, the aquifer mainly releases water elastically. When the pressure-bearing water level approaches to the lowest historical water level, the pressure-bearing water still is mined to cause inelastic water release of the aquifer, the water level further drops, and the aquifer compactly extends to the ground surface to cause ground subsidence. The water-bearing layer generated by the super mining of the confined groundwater is compacted and deformed, so that the ground settlement is irreversible, and the minimum water level of the confined water in the region is considered for determining the reference water level of the super mining area of the confined water, and the technical key point is as 1.1.2.
As shown in fig. 11, in the graph of the pressure-bearing water level change in the different super-mining areas from 2000 to 2021, fig. 11 (a) shows that the pressure-bearing water level in the area reaches the lowest in 2014, the water level continuously rises in 2014 to 2021, and the pressure-bearing water quasi-level is determined to be the historical lowest water level-75.72 m. FIG. 11 (b) shows that the bearing water level in the area continuously drops, the elevation of the 2021 lowest water level is-63.78 m, and the reference water level of the bearing water is the historical lowest water level-63.78 m.
1.2.3 evaluation of the recovery of pressurized Water in the super-recovery zone
For the pressure-bearing water super-mining area, the water storage coefficient of the pressure-bearing water in the area where the aquifer generates compaction deformation is changed, and the water storage coefficient needs to be recalculated when the warning water levels of different grades are determined. For a certain area, from the viewpoint of deep pressure water balance (figure 12), the annual water balance formula of the aquifer is shown as follows:
-μ * ·Δh·F＝(Lat in +Leak in )-(Well+Lat out +Leak out ) (1-6)
wherein mu is * Is the water storage of confined aquiferCoefficient (-); Δh is the head change (m) of the confined aquifer over the year; f is the area of the region (m 2 )；Lat in For the annual lateral inflow (m) from the confined aquifer itself 3 )；Leak in For the vertical overflow supply (m) of other aquifers to the confined aquifer in the year 3 ) The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Well is the recovery (m) of a confined aquifer over the year 3 )；Lat out Is the lateral outflow (m) of the confined aquifer itself in the year 3 )；Leak out Is the overflow and discharge amount (m) of the confined aquifer to other aquifers in the year 3 )；
Water storage coefficient mu of confined aquifer * Is related to the water head change characteristics of the aquifer. When the water head of the confined aquifer is lowered, the aquifer will release water, including the water body expansion water release and the compression deformation water release of the aquifer skeleton, wherein the water body expansion water release is generally much smaller than the compression deformation water release of the aquifer skeleton. Compression set of aquifer backbones generally includes elastic compression set and plastic compression set, with plastic compression set being primarily derived from permanent compaction of highly compressible media (e.g., clay interlayers) in the aquifer, which is a major factor in ground subsidence. When the water head of the confined aquifer rises, the aquifer stores water quantity, including water quantity stored by water body compression and water quantity stored by elastic expansion deformation of the aquifer skeleton. In general, the water storage coefficient mu of confined aquifers * The value at the time of water head drop is larger than the value at the time of water head rise, because the water head drop comprises the elastic compression of the aquifer skeleton and is usually accompanied by the permanent compaction of the aquifer skeleton, and the aquifer skeleton only has elastic expansion recovery at the time of water head rise.
The water head of most areas of deep confined water in the super-mining area is basically in a continuous descending trend, which shows that the yield of the aquifer is larger than the sum of the lateral supply amount and the overflow supply amount of the aquifer, the aquifer is in a pressurized water release state (the reserve is reduced), and the pressurized water release amount is mu * Δh.F, which is the excess production of deep pressurized water. And (3) adjusting the formula (1-6) to obtain:
Well-μ * ·Δh·F＝(Lat in -Lat out )+(Leak in -Leak out ) (1-7)
in the formula, well-mu * Δh.F is the difference (m) between the yield of the confined aquifer and the super-yield thereof in the evaluation period 3 )；Lat in -Lat out Is the net lateral inflow (m) 3 )；Leak in -Leak out Net flow inflow (m) to the aquifer 3 )。
The recoverable amount of the deep confined water is the recovery amount when the water bearing layer is pressurized and released, namely the recovery amount when Δh=0 in the formula (1-7), and the pressurized and released water of the water bearing layer cannot occur because the water head of the water bearing layer is not changed in the year, so that the geological environment problems such as ground subsidence and the like are caused. The calculation formula for obtaining the deep pressure-bearing water recovery from the formula (1-8) is as follows:
Well can be adopted ＝(Lat in -Lat out )+(Leak in -Leak out ) (1-8)
Formulas (1-8) show that if the net lateral inflow and net overflow inflow of the confined aquifer in an year can be evaluated, the method can be used for evaluating the recoverable amount of the deep confined water.
1.3 drought Limit (police) diving level determination
The yellow, orange and red warning water levels are early warning water level lines set for guaranteeing water supply safety and protecting geological ecological environment. "yellow" is the lightest alert level, "orange" is the higher alert level, and "red" is the highest alert level. The ground water level early warning management is dynamic management, and the ground water level early warning level is improved, reduced or relieved along with the change of water level burial depth and water demand.
1.3.1 demarcation of ground Water level guard line
(1) Defining water levels of different levels by time period
(1) Yellow warning line. Starting from a reference water level, wherein the water supply amount W is 3 months above the reference water level 3 The representative water level corresponding to (worker, life and farm) is used as yellow warning line.
(2) Orange warning line. Starting from a reference water level, wherein the water supply amount W is 2 months above the reference water level 2 Station (work, life, farm)The corresponding representative water level is taken as an orange warning line.
(3) Red warning lines. Starting from a reference water level, wherein the water supply amount W is 1 month above the reference water level 1 The representative water level corresponding to (worker, life and farm) is used as red warning line.
(2) Defining water levels of different levels by type
(1) Yellow warning line. Taking a reference water level as a starting point, and meeting the water quantity W of normal agricultural water supply above the reference water level Agricultural machine The corresponding representative water level is used as a yellow warning line.
(2) Orange warning line. Taking a reference water level as a starting point, and meeting the water supply quantity of agriculture and industry at a normal level, namely W Pesticide and worker The corresponding representative water level is taken as an orange warning line.
(3) Red warning lines. The reference water level is taken as the starting point, and the water supply quantity of the normal water supply of agriculture, industry and life is W Worker, life and pesticide The corresponding representative water level is used as a red warning line.
1.3.2 alarm water level calculating method
The main technical method adopted for warning water level calculation is mainly a water balancing method, and the warning water level is determined through water level balancing of an aquifer and different water supply amounts. The diving aquifer water equilibrium equation is shown as follows:
W can be used for ＝Q Total patch -Q General row +100×(h 1 -h Base group )×μ×F (1-9)
In which W is Can be used for Is to calculate the underground water quantity available for exploitation in the time zone, ten thousand meters 3 ；Q Total patch Is to calculate the total water layer replenishment quantity in the time zone of ten thousand meters 3 ；Q General row The total drainage of the water-containing layer in the time interval area is calculated to be ten thousand meters 3 ；h 1 、h Base group Respectively calculating an initial water level and a reference water level of a time period, and m; mu is regional water supply degree; f is the area of the region, km 2 。
(1) The yellow warning line water level is calculated as follows:
H yellow colour ＝(W 3 or agriculture -(Q Total patch -Q General row -100×h Base group ×μ×F))/100×μ×F (1-10)
(2) The orange warning line water level is calculated as follows:
H orange with a color of white ＝(W 2 or farm + worker -(Q Total patch -Q General row -100×h Base group ×μ×F))/100×μ×F (1-11)
(3) The red warning line water level is calculated as follows:
H red colour ＝(W 1 or nong+worker+Sheng -(Q Total patch -Q General row -100×h Base group ×μ×F))/100×μ×F (1-12)
1.3.3 drought limit (police) water level calculation method
Drought conditions generally refer to the fact that there is little precipitation in an area year or during a certain period, the total supply of water to the submerged aquifer is negligible, and the water balance equation can be modified according to formulas (1-9) to be as follows:
W Can be used for ＝100×(h 1 -h Base group )×μ×F-Q General row (1-13)
Correspondingly, the regional drought limit (police) diving level can be modified as follows:
(1) the yellow warning line water level is calculated as follows:
H yellow colour ＝(W 3 or agriculture +Q General row +100×h Base group ×μ×F))/100×μ×F (1-14)
(2) The orange warning line water level is calculated as follows:
H orange with a color of white ＝(W 2 or farm + worker +Q General row +100×h Base group ×μ×F))/100×μ×F (1-15)
(3) The red warning line water level is calculated as follows:
H red colour ＝(W 1 or nong+worker+Sheng +Q General row +100×h Base group ×μ×F))/100×μ×F (1-16)
1.4 drought Limit (police) pressure-bearing Water level class determination
The calculation of the drought limit (police) water level in the unpressurized water super-mining area is similar to that of a submerged aquifer, and the total supplement of the aquifer in the formulas 1-9 is the overflow supplement and the lateral inflow, and the total drainage is the overflow drainage and the lateral outflow. Because the confined aquifer does not directly receive precipitation and surface water infiltration and replenishment, the influence on the aquifer water balance is little under drought conditions, and the calculation of the drought limit (police) confined water level grade can adopt formulas (formulas 1-10-1-12). As described above, the aquifer of the super-mining area of the confined water generates a compaction deformation area, the water storage coefficient is changed with the compaction deformation area, the exploitation amount of the confined water of the super-mining area should be calculated preferentially, and the water storage coefficient of the existing confined aquifer is measured, and is shown as 1.2.3.
(1) Non-pressure-bearing water super-mining area water level grade determination
According to the non-underground water super-mining area confined water quasi-water level determining technology, under the condition of extra-large drought (section 1.2.1), the deep water exploitation amount without causing ground subsidence is the elastic water release amount of the aquifer, and the drought limit (police) confined water level grade determination can refer to the submerged water technology (section 1.3). For the transition from the super mining area to the non-super area, the water storage coefficient of the confined aquifer is only measured again, and other calculation methods are unchanged.
(2) Water level grade determination for super-mining area of pressurized water
The water level of the confined water super-mining area is determined before the water level is determined, the available amount (section 1.2.3) of the aquifer which does not cause ground subsidence is determined preferentially, and the current water storage coefficient is determined according to a hydrogeological parameter water pumping test. Meanwhile, according to the characteristics of the confined aquifer, the super-large drought condition has little influence on the total supply of the aquifer. Correspondingly, the regional drought limit (police) pressure-bearing water level grade is:
(1) the yellow warning line water level is calculated as follows:
hyellow= (W) 3 or agriculture +Q General row +100×h Base group ×μ×F))/100×μ * ×F (1-17)
(2) The orange warning line water level is calculated as follows:
H orange with a color of white ＝(W 2 or farm + worker +Q General row +100×h Base group ×μ×F))/100×μ * ×F (1-18)
(3) The red warning line water level is calculated as follows:
H red colour ＝(W 1 or nong+worker+Sheng +Q General row +100×h Base group ×μ×F))/100×μ * ×F (1-19)
W in the formula (1-17) 3 or agriculture ≥W Can be used for When the yellow warning is adjusted to red; w in the formula (1-18) 2 or farm + worker ≥W Can be used for When the orange alert is adjusted to red; at the same time satisfy W 1 or nong+worker+Sheng ≤W Can be used for 。
The present application is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily understood by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present application are intended to be included in the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (6)
1. The method for determining the limit water level of the underground paddy field is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
acquiring a diving reference water level of a diving aquifer; wherein, the diving reference water level comprises: a diving reference water level of the non-underground water super-mining area and a diving reference water level of the underground water super-mining area;
acquiring the quasi-water level of the confined water aquifer; wherein, the pressurized water reference water level includes: the pressure-bearing water quasi-water level of the non-underground water super-mining area and the pressure-bearing water quasi-water level of the underground water super-mining area;
acquiring a drought limit water level based on the diving reference water level;
the acquiring the drought limit water level comprises the following steps:
dividing the diving aquifer into different water level grades based on the diving reference water level;
acquiring the drought limit water levels of the diving aquifers with different water level grades based on a water balancing method;
the water balancing method comprises the following steps:
wcan=100× (h 1-h radical) ×μ×F-Q total row
Wherein W is Can be used for To calculate the amount of groundwater available for exploitation in the time zone, Q General row To calculate the total drainage amount h of the water-containing layer in the time zone 1 、h Base group The initial water level and the reference water level of the calculation period are respectively calculated, mu is the regional water supply degree,f is the area of the region;
acquiring a drought limit bearing water level based on the bearing water reference water level;
The acquiring the drought limit bearing water level comprises the following steps:
dividing the confined water aquifer into different water level grades based on the diving reference water level;
acquiring the drought limit bearing positions of the bearing water aquifers with different water level grades based on the water balancing method;
and acquiring the underground paddy field and dry limited water level based on the dry limited submerged water level and the dry limited pressure-bearing water level.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein obtaining the diving reference level for a non-groundwater super-mining area comprises:
acquiring historical underground water burial depth monitoring data of a non-underground water super-mining area in a submerged aquifer, removing abnormal points of data fluctuation, and acquiring underground water burial depth change conditions;
acquiring annual data based on the underground water burial depth change condition; the annual data are data of the month of the maximum burial depth in the year;
and acquiring underground water buried depth data of a non-underground water super-mining area in the submerged aquifer by adopting the Kriging interpolation based on the annual data, and acquiring a historical annual underground water buried depth change curve graph based on the underground water buried depth data so as to acquire a historical minimum underground water level in the curve graph, wherein the historical minimum underground water level is the submerged reference water level of the non-underground water super-mining area.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein obtaining the diving reference level of a groundwater super-mining area comprises:
acquiring historical rainfall data of a groundwater super-mining area in a diving aquifer, and dividing the historical rainfall data into abundant, flat and withered years;
based on the divided land, water and dead year type, constructing a groundwater level amplitude variation model before and after super-mining treatment by utilizing regional groundwater burial depth data of a groundwater super-mining area in a diving aquifer;
based on the underground water level amplitude-changing models before and after super-mining treatment, constructing an annual underground water level amplitude-changing target value model according to the regional underground water pressure mining target of an underground water super-mining area in a diving aquifer;
and analyzing whether the regional groundwater of the groundwater super-mining area in the submerged aquifer reaches the mining-supplementing balance or not based on the annual groundwater level amplitude target value model, and obtaining the submerged reference water level of the groundwater super-mining area.
4. A method of determining the water level limit of a groundwater level according to claim 3, wherein analyzing whether regional groundwater of a groundwater super-mining area in a submerged aquifer reaches a mining-to-complement balance comprises:
if the acquisition balance is reached: the fact that the groundwater level does not drop in the plain water year is regarded that regional groundwater reaches the mining balance, and the lowest groundwater level is the diving reference water level of the groundwater super-mining area;
If the acquisition balance is not reached: based on the water level change trend, the groundwater level still falls in the plain water year to be regarded as that regional groundwater does not reach the mining balance; considering the influence of the regional groundwater pressure mining target on the groundwater level, and the lowest groundwater level plus the target water level amplitude is the diving reference water level of the groundwater super-mining area.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein obtaining the quasi-water level of the confined water of the non-groundwater super-mining area comprises:
acquiring the regional ground settlement of a non-underground water super-mining area in a confined water aquifer and the confined groundwater level monitoring data of the center of a funnel;
carrying out regression analysis on the regional ground settlement and the pressure-bearing groundwater level monitoring data to obtain a best fit equation;
based on the best fit equation, when the settlement amount is 0, the calculated groundwater level is a critical water level of a region which does not cause ground settlement, and the critical water level is taken as the confined water quasi-water level of a non-groundwater super-mining area which does not cause ground settlement.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein obtaining the quasi-water level of the confined water in the super-mining area comprises:
And determining the reference water level of the confined water in the underground water super-mining area according to the historical minimum value, and taking the historical minimum value as the reference water level.
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