CN116221148A - Natural magnetic suspension compressor - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of rotary precision machinery, in particular to a natural magnetic suspension compressor, which comprises a pump body, wherein stator driving controllers are arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the interior of the pump body, a volute is fixedly connected in the pump body, and an impeller is arranged in the volute; the stator driving controller comprises a stator and three-phase windings arranged on the stator; the impeller comprises magnetic steel and vortex blades connected to the magnetic steel; the three-phase windings form 12 magnetic poles, the three-phase windings are connected in series and parallel, and two three-phase windings positioned on two sides of the upper side are connected in parallel according to mirror images; the magnetic steel is a 10-pole permanent magnet rotor body; the volute is provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet; the electromagnetic support of the lossless high-speed impeller can be realized by utilizing natural electromagnetic magnetic suspension, and the impeller can rotate at a high speed and interact with current in a motor stator winding at the same time, so that effective radial electromagnetic magnetic suspension and axial electromagnetic magnetic suspension are generated.

Description

Natural magnetic suspension compressor

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of rotary precision machinery, in particular to a natural magnetic suspension compressor.

Background

There are generally two general classes of reciprocating and centrifugal compressors, and the present invention relates to centrifugal compressors and has extremely wide application. The compressor is used to raise the pressure difference between the gas or liquid at its input and output ports. The rotor of the centrifugal compressor continuously rotates at a high speed, the area of the flow section is large, the rotating speed of the impeller is high, and therefore the flow rate of gas or liquid is large. The centrifugal compressor rotor rotates at high speed, and the inertial mass of the rotor thereof varies periodically (for example, a scroll pump compressor), so that vibration and noise are relatively large. The bearing of the centrifugal compressor is subjected to relatively large impact vibrations. The output power and efficiency of the compressor are both proportional to the rotational speed. The higher the rotational speed, the larger the gap between the rotor and stator components is forced to be, which in turn leads to a lower efficiency. So that the rotational speed of the centrifugal compressor is 3000 to 5000r/min, and the efficiency is slightly lower than that of the compound compressor. In practice, bearings of centrifugal compressors often become bottlenecks affecting their increased rotational speed, increased power capacity, and increased efficiency and life. It is impossible to make the single-stage pressure ratio of the centrifugal compressor higher, and the high-power centrifugal compressor can only use the multi-stage impeller to increase the pressure ratio and expand the power capacity. Multistage impellers are difficult to use in civil and industrial small air conditioning systems, and the cost is too high due to too complex structure.

Typically, the input and output interfaces of a centrifugal compressor (water pump or air pump) are arranged orthogonally, and fluid flows in a vortex chamber, generating a high pressure of liquid or gas. For a centrifugal compressor motor with a power of 2w to 20Kw, if it is to be solved: the magnetic suspension device has the advantages of high speed, high efficiency, low noise and difficult rotation of the impeller (1 to 2 ten thousand r/min), realizes low-cost magnetic suspension and can be called as a world-class difficult problem.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a natural magnetic suspension compressor which can realize electromagnetic support of a nondestructive high-speed impeller by utilizing natural electromagnetic magnetic suspension, and the impeller of the natural magnetic suspension compressor rotates at a high speed and interacts with current in a motor stator winding to generate effective radial electromagnetic magnetic suspension and axial electromagnetic magnetic suspension.

The aim of the invention is achieved by the following technical scheme:

the natural magnetic suspension compressor comprises a pump body, wherein stator driving controllers are arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the inside of the pump body, a volute is fixedly connected in the pump body, and an impeller is arranged in the volute;

the stator driving controller comprises a stator and three-phase windings arranged on the stator;

the impeller comprises magnetic steel and vortex blades connected to the magnetic steel;

the three-phase windings form 12 magnetic poles, the three-phase windings are connected in series and parallel, and two three-phase windings positioned on the upper side and the lower side are connected in parallel according to mirror images;

the magnetic steel is a 10-pole permanent magnet rotor body;

the volute is provided with a fluid inlet and a fluid outlet;

the bottom of the volute is arc-shaped, a uniform pressure layer is arranged in the volute, a plurality of overflow holes are uniformly formed in the side edge of the uniform pressure layer, and the overflow holes are communicated with the fluid outlet;

the three-phase windings form 6 magnetic poles, the three-phase windings are connected in series and parallel, and two three-phase windings positioned on two sides of the upper side are connected in parallel according to mirror images;

the magnetic steel is a 4-pole permanent magnet rotor body;

the vortex blades are uniformly distributed on the upper side and the lower side of the magnetic steel.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:

radial active natural magnetic levitation technology, axial active natural magnetic levitation technology, radial passive magnetic levitation technology, radial and axial liquid levitation technology or gas levitation technology. The complete natural suspension technology has excellent motor synchronous driving function. The magnetic suspension compressor device has high utilization rate of structural space and small axial size, is favorable for forming a flat integral structure, and is more used in a working scene. The magnetic suspension compressor device of the invention is internally provided with the driving and computer control circuit, has compact and simple structure, and has the functions of high reliability, high control performance, intelligent diagnosis and the like;

when the impeller of the traditional centrifugal compressor rotates at a high speed, a great amount of friction loss and noise are generated, and the problems of dynamic unbalance caused by principle bearing friction loss and principle unbalanced loading of a piston or the impeller are also existed, and the problems generate principle vibration, noise and additional loss, so that the service lives of the compressor, the water pump and the air pump are seriously influenced. By adopting the natural suspension technology, the power density of the pump can be improved by improving the rotating speed of the impeller, the structure of the pump is greatly simplified, the production cost is reduced, the vibration noise and the additional loss are reduced, and the overall performance is improved;

compared with the traditional compressor, the invention can improve the rotating speed by 3 times, and realize 3 times of power improvement, 3 times of volume reduction and 3 times of cost reduction;

the invention does not need any additional sensor and controller, and naturally comprises: radial active natural magnetic levitation technology, axial active natural magnetic levitation technology, radial passive magnetic levitation technology and axial passive magnetic levitation technology, radial and axial liquid or gas levitation technology. The motor has the most complete vortex blade suspension function and has the excellent motor driving control function without a position sensor.

Drawings

The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a natural magnetic levitation compressor according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the volute construction of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the stator structure of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the impeller structure of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the magnetic steel structure of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the stator structure of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a three-phase winding wiring schematic of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a three-phase winding connection structure of the present invention;

fig. 9 is a three-phase winding equivalent circuit diagram of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a three-phase winding wiring schematic of the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a three-phase winding wiring schematic diagram of the present invention;

FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the magnetic steel structure of the present invention;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the stator structure of the present invention;

FIG. 14 is a three-phase winding wiring schematic of the present invention;

fig. 15 is a schematic view of the pump body structure of the present invention.

In the figure: a pump body 1; a stator drive controller 2; a stator 21; a three-phase winding 22; an insulating slot wedge 23; an impeller 3; a fluid inlet 31; a leveling layer 32; an overflow aperture 33; a fluid outlet 34; magnetic steel 35; a swirl vane 36; and a volute 4.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 1 to 11, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail;

the utility model provides a magnetic suspension compressor device, the device includes pump body 1 and sets up the stator drive controller 2 in the inside upper and lower both sides of pump body 1, pump body 1 is independent part, fixedly connected with spiral case 4 in the pump body 1, be provided with impeller 3 in the spiral case 4, be provided with fluid inlet 31 and fluid outlet 34 on the spiral case 4, the inside of spiral case 4 is provided with even pressure layer 32, evenly be provided with a plurality of overflow holes 33 on even pressure layer 32's the side, a plurality of overflow holes 33 all communicate with fluid outlet 34, stator drive controller 2 includes stator 21 and sets up three-phase winding 22 on stator 21, impeller 3 includes magnet steel 35 and the whirlpool leaf 36 of connecting on magnet steel 35;

the bottom of the volute 4 is in a downward convex arc shape, so that the lower side stator driving controller 2 can be conveniently embedded into a downward concave arc-shaped circular groove part at the upper part of the displacement lower side stator driving controller, and a balance cavity is provided for the upper impeller 3 and the lower impeller;

the pump body 1 and the two stator driving controllers 2 are respectively provided with a rotary locking structure, which is used for completing the connection between the two stator driving controllers 2 and the pump body 1 in a rotary mode, and can also reversely rotate to separate the two stator driving controllers 2 and the pump body 1;

the three-phase windings 22 form 12 magnetic poles, the three-phase windings 22 are connected in series and parallel, the two three-phase windings 22 positioned at the two sides of the upper side are connected in parallel according to mirror images, the magnetic steel 35 is a 2 P=10 pole permanent magnet rotor body, and is positioned between the stator driving controllers 2 at the upper side and the lower side, as shown in fig. 5, the three-phase windings 22 form 12 magnetic poles which are uniformly distributed, the 10 pole permanent magnet rotor bodies are uniformly distributed, the diameters of uniformly distributed circumferences coincide, and the radial passive magnetic suspension between the stator 21 and the impeller 3, namely the stator 21 and the impeller 3 have the recovery capability of keeping concentricity;

the windings on the Z=12 magnetic poles of the stator 21 positioned at the upper side form a radial active natural magnetic suspension function through the serial-parallel connection and the permanent magnet rotor body, and the windings on the 12 magnetic poles of the stator 21 positioned at the lower side form a radial active natural magnetic suspension function through the serial-parallel connection and the magnetic steel 35;

that is, windings on each z=12 poles of the stator 21 located on the upper side and the stator 21 located on the lower side form a radial active natural magnetic levitation function with the magnetic steel 35 through respective series-parallel connection;

the stator 21 positioned at the upper side and two three-phase windings and midpoints of the stator 21 positioned at the lower side are connected in parallel according to mirror images, so that the axial active natural magnetic suspension effect of the single impeller 3 of the double stator 21 is formed;

the stator 21 positioned at the upper side and the stator 21 positioned at the lower side jointly drive the 2 p=10 pole permanent magnet rotor body contained in the pump body 1 to rotate; the structure space utilization rate is high, the axial dimension is small, the flat integral structure is formed, and the flat magnetic suspension compressor device is beneficial to users in more scenes;

after the pump body 1 and the stator driving controller 2 are embedded and locked, the stators 21 positioned at the upper side and the lower side of the stator driving controller 2 drive the impeller 3 to rotate, but the stators 21 at the upper side and the lower side have axial attractive force to the magnetic steel 35, the attractive force at the two sides is equal only when the magnetic steel 35 is axially centered on the stators 21 at the two sides, and when any deviation exists between the air gaps at the upper side and the lower side, the permanent magnet rotor body is sucked to the side with small air gap, so that in a static state and an initial state, the permanent magnet rotor body is sucked to the side with small air gap at random. The permanent magnet rotor body is axially unstable and active axial magnetic levitation is necessary to axially levitate the permanent magnet rotor body. According to the invention, the three-phase windings formed by the upper stator iron core and the three-phase windings formed by the lower stator iron core are connected in parallel according to mirror images, the counter electromotive force of the three-phase windings on the side with a small air gap is increased, the three-phase current is decreased, the counter electromotive force of the three-phase windings on the side with a large air gap is decreased, the three-phase current is increased, the axial tension on the side with a large air gap is increased, the axial tension on the side with a small air gap is decreased, the axial air gap is inevitably changed in the direction of decreasing the deviation, and the air gap deviation is stabilized. Therefore, the invention has the axial natural magnetic suspension function after the motor rotates.

The pump body 1 is provided with a volute 4 and an inlet pipeline, namely a fluid inlet 31, which is arranged along the center of the rotating shaft, and fluid (or gas) flows in; the fluid is accelerated to flow along the tangential direction of the side wall of the volute 4 under the action of the rotary impeller 3 and flows out through a fluid outlet 34 positioned on the side wall of the volute 4;

the mechanical shape, spatial arrangement, number of overflow apertures 33, angle of deflection, size of openings, etc. are somewhat optimized and simulated. The overflow aperture 33 may increase the resistance to the flow of liquid, and the optimization and simulation design may reduce this resistance to a nearly negligible extent;

because the invention adopts the open type turbine blade structure, once the turbine blade 36 rotates, fluid (or gas) can generate upward axial thrust component at the same time, thereby playing the roles of axial suspension and radial inertia stable suspension, wherein, the axial suspension force can overcome most of gravity, so that the energy requirement of axial active natural magnetic suspension becomes very small, and energy consumption is almost unnecessary;

the stator driving controller 2 contains driving and control circuits, has compact and simple structure, high reliability, high control performance, intelligent diagnosis and other functions, and has only three wires (for example, power supply+, power supply ground and USB) to the outside, thus having high reliability. The flat magnetic suspension compressor device can independently operate, can also be connected with an external system control system through a three-wire interface, and reads parameters such as voltage, current, rotor rotation speed, pressure, flow and the like through a USB serial port interface so as to be used by an intelligent control system; the motor speed and current can be actively detected in real time, the inlet and outlet flow of the compressor can be estimated through the speed, and the inlet and outlet pressure of the compressor can be estimated through the speed and the current. The power change, moment change and vibration performance change of the compressor motor are estimated through the instantaneous change of the rotating speed and the current. The high-efficiency and safe operation of the magnetic suspension compressor device is ensured by actively detecting and timely adjusting the voltage, current, rotating speed and moment of the motor in real time;

the embedded circular multipolar magnet steel 35 for transmitting torque is enclosed in the scroll blade 36, avoiding the corrosion of the permanent magnet sheet by liquid or gas in the compressor. The material of the magnetic steel 35 may be: sintered NdFeB, bonded NdFeB materials or other high magnetic energy product permanent magnets do not need back iron, so that the weight of the rotating body is small;

the driving motor in the stator driving controller 2 is a double-stator core axial magnetic circuit motor, and the motor is a fractional slot concentrated winding motor, for example: 2 P=10 poles Z=12 slot motor, the positioning moment is small, efficiency, power density, reliability are high. The upper stator 21 and the lower stator 21 are all round magnetic poles and are formed by winding high silicon steel sheets, and the three-phase winding 22 is directly wound on Z=12 magnetic poles; the upper stator 21, the lower stator 21 and a 2 P=10 pole permanent magnet rotor body in the impeller 3 are arranged in the pump body 1 between the double stators 21 to form a double-stator iron core axial magnetic circuit motor;

the pole arc of the Z=12 pole stator is (0.9-0.75) tau _d Z= (0.9-0.75) 360/12; the pole arc of the 2 p=10 pole rotor is (1.0-0.85) tau _r /2P＝(1.0～0.85)360/10；

The 12 magnetic poles and 10 permanent magnet rotor bodies of the upper and lower stators 21 are uniformly distributed circumferentially and have coincident diameters. The upper and lower stators 21 are magnetic core poles, which are necessarily attracted by the permanent magnet rotor body, and the upper and lower stators are uniformly distributed circumferentially and have coincident diameters, so that radial passive magnetic suspension which can be attracted mutually, namely the stator 21 and the rotor have concentric restoring capability. And the diameter DR of the magnetic pole of the permanent magnet rotor body is slightly larger than the diameter DS of the magnetic pole of the stator, so that the radial passive magnetic suspension is the radial stable passive magnetic suspension. The winding coefficient of this 2p=10 pole z=12 slot motor is as high as kw1=0.933.

Windings on 12 magnetic poles of the upper stator 21 form a radial active natural magnetic suspension function through serial-parallel connection and a permanent magnet rotor body, and windings on Z=12 magnetic poles of the lower stator 21 form a radial active natural magnetic suspension function through serial-parallel connection and a permanent magnet rotor body; the impeller 3 forms a rotor;

specific series-parallel methods are shown in fig. 7 to 11: adjacent two windings U1 and U2 of the U phase are connected in series, windings on Z=12 magnetic poles of the upper stator 21 and the lower stator 21 form an axial active natural magnetic suspension function with the permanent magnet rotor body through respective series-parallel connection; adjacent U1 and U2 windings of the U-phase winding are connected in series to form a branch of the U-phase winding, and the tail end of the branch is connected with the midpoint of the three-phase winding; the U3 and U4 windings adjacent to each other at 180 degrees are connected in series to form the other branch of the U phase winding, the tail end of the other branch is also connected with the midpoint of the three-phase winding, and then the two serial branches of the U phase winding are connected in parallel. The space positions of the two branches differ by 180 degrees, currents in the two branches are the same when the radial air gaps are uniform, when the radial air gaps deviate, counter-potential on the side with smaller air gaps becomes larger, counter-potential on the side with larger air gaps becomes smaller, then the currents in the branch with smaller air gaps become smaller, and the currents in the branch with larger air gaps become larger, so that the electromagnetic pulling force on the side with smaller currents becomes smaller, and the electromagnetic pulling force on the side with larger currents becomes larger. Thus, the rotor is driven to do radial movement in the direction of restoring the air gap uniformity, and the natural radial electromagnetic magnetic suspension effect is achieved. As shown in the figure, two adjacent windings V1 and V2 of the V phase of the motor are connected in series to form a branch of the V phase winding, and the tail end of the branch is connected with the midpoint of the three-phase winding; the V3 and V4 windings which are 180 degrees adjacent to each other are connected in series to form the other branch of the V phase winding, the tail end of the other branch is also connected with the midpoint of the three-phase winding, and then the two series branches of the V phase winding are connected in parallel. The space positions of the two branches differ by 180 degrees, currents in the two branches are the same when the radial air gaps are uniform, when the radial air gaps deviate, counter-potential on the side with smaller air gaps becomes larger, counter-potential on the side with larger air gaps becomes smaller, then the currents in the branch with smaller air gaps become smaller, and the currents in the branch with larger air gaps become larger, so that the electromagnetic pulling force on the side with smaller currents becomes smaller, and the electromagnetic pulling force on the side with larger currents becomes larger. Thus, the rotor is driven to do radial movement in the direction of restoring the air gap uniformity, and the natural radial electromagnetic magnetic suspension effect is achieved. Two adjacent windings W1 and W2 of the W phase of the motor are connected in series to form a branch of the W phase winding, and the tail end of the branch is connected with the midpoint of the three-phase winding; the W3 and W4 windings which are adjacent by 180 degrees are connected in series to form the other branch of the W phase winding, the tail end of the other branch is also connected with the midpoint of the three-phase winding, and then the two serial branches of the W phase winding are connected in parallel. The space positions of the two branches differ by 180 degrees, currents in the two branches are the same when the radial air gaps are uniform, when the radial air gaps deviate, counter-potential on the side with smaller air gaps becomes larger, counter-potential on the side with larger air gaps becomes smaller, then the currents in the branch with smaller air gaps become smaller, and the currents in the branch with larger air gaps become larger, so that the electromagnetic pulling force on the side with smaller currents becomes smaller, and the electromagnetic pulling force on the side with larger currents becomes larger. Thus, the rotor is driven to do radial movement in the direction of restoring the air gap uniformity, and the natural radial electromagnetic magnetic suspension effect is achieved. The three-phase winding has six series branches, two by two, connected in parallel to form a special three-phase winding, and the three-phase winding can actively, naturally and uniformly restore or stabilize the rotor at the central position from the radial Z=12 uniformly distributed positions when the motor rotates. This is the radial natural electromagnetic magnetic levitation; since the upper and lower stators 21 use the same rotor, the three-phase windings 22 in the upper and lower stators 21 are mirror-image windings, as shown in fig. 7 and 8.

The windings on the Z=12 magnetic poles of the upper stator 21 form an axial active natural magnetic suspension function through the serial-parallel connection and the permanent magnet rotor body, and the windings on the Z=12 magnetic poles of the lower stator 21 form an axial active natural magnetic suspension function through the serial-parallel connection and the permanent magnet rotor body. The specific series-parallel connection method is shown in fig. 10 and 11;

u1 of the phase winding forms a branch of the U-phase winding, and the tail end of the branch is connected with the midpoint of the three-phase winding; the U3 adjacent to the U phase winding at 180 degrees forms another branch of the U phase winding, the tail end of the U phase winding is also connected with the midpoint of the three-phase winding, U2 and U4 are not used, and then the two serial branches of the U phase winding are connected in parallel. The space positions of the two branches differ by 180 degrees, currents in the two branches are the same when the air gap is uniform, when the air gap is deviated, the counter-potential of the side with the small air gap is increased, the counter-potential of the side with the large air gap is decreased, then the current in the side with the small air gap is decreased, and the current in the side with the large air gap is increased, so that the electromagnetic pulling force of the side with the small current is decreased, and the electromagnetic pulling force of the side with the large current is increased. Thus, the rotor is driven to do radial movement in the direction of restoring the air gap uniformity, and the natural electromagnetic magnetic suspension effect is achieved. The V1 of the V phase of the motor forms a branch of the V phase winding, and the tail end of the branch is connected with the midpoint of the three-phase winding; v3 of 180 DEG of the V-phase winding forms the other branch of the V-phase winding, the tail end of the branch is also connected with the midpoint of the three-phase winding, V2 and V4 are not used, and then the two serial branches of the V-phase winding are connected in parallel. The space positions of the two branches differ by 180 degrees, currents in the two branches are the same when the air gap is uniform, when the air gap is deviated, the counter-potential of the side with the small air gap is increased, the counter-potential of the side with the large air gap is decreased, then the current in the side with the small air gap is decreased, and the current in the side with the large air gap is increased, so that the electromagnetic pulling force of the side with the small current is decreased, and the electromagnetic pulling force of the side with the large current is increased. Thus, the rotor is driven to do radial movement in the direction of restoring the air gap uniformity, and the natural electromagnetic magnetic suspension effect is achieved. Similarly, as shown in the figure, the winding W1 of the W phase of the motor forms one branch of the W phase winding, and the tail end of the branch is connected with the midpoint of the three-phase winding; w3 of 180 DEG of the W-phase winding forms the other branch of the W-phase winding, the tail end of the branch is also connected with the midpoint of the three-phase winding, W2 and W4 are not used, and then two serial branches of the W-phase winding are connected in parallel. The space positions of the two branches differ by 180 degrees, currents in the two branches are the same when the air gap is uniform, when the air gap is deviated, the counter-potential of the side with the small air gap is increased, the counter-potential of the side with the large air gap is decreased, then the current in the side with the small air gap is decreased, and the current in the side with the large air gap is increased, so that the electromagnetic pulling force of the side with the small current is decreased, and the electromagnetic pulling force of the side with the large current is increased. Thus, the rotor is driven to do radial movement in the direction of restoring the air gap uniformity, and the natural electromagnetic magnetic suspension effect is achieved. The three-phase winding has six series branches to form a special three-phase winding, and the three-phase winding can actively, naturally and uniformly restore or stabilize the rotor at the central position from the radial Z=12 uniformly distributed positions when the motor rotates. This is the "radial natural electromagnetic magnetic levitation". In the scheme, only two magnetic poles are used for each phase, so that the space utilization is relatively poor, but the moment generated by the motor and the natural electromagnetic magnetic levitation force are slightly increased only by ensuring that the total number of turns of each phase is unchanged. The disadvantage is that the motor has a relatively high slot filling rate and a relatively poor space utilization. The 2 p=10 pole z=12 slot motor adopts a single layer winding, and the winding coefficient is as high as kw1=0.966. The restoring force of radial natural electromagnetic magnetic levitation depends on: the two parallel loop current deviations caused by the eccentricity of the motor stator and the rotor and the two counter potential deviations caused by the eccentricity of the motor stator and the rotor meet the following conditions: is i 1-i2= (e 1-e 2)/R, where R is the winding resistance;

as shown in fig. 12 to 14, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail;

the three-phase windings 22 form 6 magnetic poles, the three-phase windings 22 are connected in series and parallel, and the two three-phase windings 22 positioned on the two sides of the upper side are connected in parallel according to mirror images; the magnetic steel 35 is a 4-pole permanent magnet rotor body;

the driving motor in the stator driving controller 2 is a double-stator-core axial magnetic circuit motor, the motor is a fractional slot concentrated winding motor, 2 p=4 poles is adopted, and z=6 slots is adopted. The motor with the cavity in the pump body 1 is a fan-shaped 2 P=4 pole permanent magnet rotor body, the stator driving controllers 2 positioned on the upper side and the lower side of the pump body 1 respectively comprise stators 21 positioned on the upper side and the lower side, and the stators 21 adopt fan-shaped Z=6 poles, namely an upper stator 21 and a lower stator 21; the impeller 3 forms a rotor;

the upper stator 21 and the lower stator 21 are uniformly distributed with the 2 P=4 pole permanent magnet rotor body in the pump body 1 by adopting circumferences, the inner diameter and the outer diameter of uniformly distributed circles are the same, and the circle centers are coincident. Thus, a passive magnetic levitation in the radial direction between the stator 21 and the rotor is formed. I.e. the ability to restore concentricity, between stator 21 and rotor;

the pole arc of the Z=6 pole stator is (0.9-0.75) tau _d Z= (0.9-0.75) 360/12; the pole arc of the 2 P=4 pole rotor is (1.0-0.85) tau _r /2P＝(1.0～0.85)360/10；

The series and parallel method of the three-phase winding 22 is shown in fig. 14; the stator 21 is made of the following materials: iron core, ferrite or SMC composite soft magnetic material formed by winding high silicon steel sheets;

the stator driving controller 2 at the lower side also comprises a driving and controlling circuit and a control interface, the winding currents of the upper torque motor and the lower torque motor are the same, and the upper torque motor and the lower torque motor share one rotor to generate tangential torque. The invention has two main flow channels, namely an upper main flow channel and a lower main flow channel, and only has two main flow channels which have almost the same flow velocity and flow direction and are symmetrical up and down. Therefore, the high-speed rotation of the impeller 3 of the present invention generates two symmetrical liquid (or gas) flows up and down, and simultaneously generates axial levitation forces which are symmetrical up and down but opposite in direction, so that the impeller can generate axial fluid levitation. The pump body 1 adopts a double-layer structure, the inner layer is circular, the uniform pressure layer 32 is formed, overflow holes 33 are uniformly distributed on the uniform pressure layer 32 along the circumference, fluid firstly reaches the inner layer wall under the action of centrifugal force, the centrifugal force born by the inner layer wall is uniform along the circumference because the inner layer wall is circular, the fluid uniformly flows out from the overflow holes 33 uniformly distributed along the circumference, and after the flowing-out liquid or gas reaches the outer layer of the volute, the outer volute 4 is in a traditional vortex shape, so that the fluid flows out from the outlet 34;

as shown in fig. 15, since the pump body 1 adopts a double-layer structure, the uniform pressure layer 32 makes centrifugal force uniformly stressed along the circumference, and thus, the high-speed rotation of the turbine blade simultaneously generates radial fluid levitation force. It should be noted that the conventional centrifugal compressor has no pressure equalizing layer, and the high-speed rotation of the scroll blades simultaneously generates uneven radial liquid or gas eccentric force, causing the scroll blades to deviate toward the outlet pipe, thus requiring the provision of additional magnetic levitation force for restoring the eccentricity, and resulting in a certain power loss.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a natural magnetic suspension compressor, includes the pump body (1), its characterized in that: stator drive controllers (2) are arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the inside of the pump body (1), a volute (4) is fixedly connected in the pump body (1), and an impeller (3) is arranged in the volute (4).

2. A natural magnetic levitation compressor of claim 1, wherein: the stator driving controller (2) includes a stator (21) and three-phase windings (22) provided on the stator (21).

3. A natural magnetic levitation compressor of claim 2, wherein: the impeller (3) comprises magnetic steel (35) and vortex blades (36) connected to the magnetic steel (35).

4. A natural magnetic levitation compressor according to claim 3, wherein: the three-phase windings (22) form 12 magnetic poles, the three-phase windings (22) are connected in series and parallel, and the two three-phase windings (22) positioned on the upper side and the lower side are connected in parallel in a mirror image mode.

5. A natural magnetic levitation compressor of claim 4, wherein: the magnetic steel (35) is a 10-pole permanent magnet rotor body.

6. A natural magnetic levitation compressor of claim 1, wherein: the volute (4) is provided with a fluid inlet (31) and a fluid outlet (34).

7. A natural magnetic levitation compressor of claim 6, wherein: the bottom of spiral case (4) is circular arc shape, and the inside of spiral case (4) is provided with even layer (32) that presses, evenly is provided with a plurality of overflow holes (33) on the side of even layer (32), and a plurality of overflow holes (33) all communicate with liquid outlet (34).

8. A natural magnetic levitation compressor according to claim 3, wherein: the three-phase windings (22) form 6 magnetic poles, the three-phase windings (22) are connected in series and parallel, and the two three-phase windings (22) positioned on two sides of the upper side are connected in parallel in a mirror image mode.

9. A natural magnetic levitation compressor of claim 8, wherein: the magnetic steel (35) is a 4-pole permanent magnet rotor body.

10. A natural magnetic levitation compressor of claim 5 or 8, wherein: the vortex blades (36) are uniformly distributed on the upper side and the lower side of the magnetic steel (35).

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