CN116219433A - Connecting layer reinforced titanium alloy wear-resistant coating and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Connecting layer reinforced titanium alloy wear-resistant coating and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 14
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 96
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C14/00—Alloys based on titanium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/0047—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
- C23C24/106—Coating with metal alloys or metal elements only
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of section bar preparation, and particularly provides a connecting layer reinforced titanium alloy wear-resistant coating and a preparation method thereof. A pure titanium connecting layer is arranged between the titanium alloy substrate and the wear-resistant coating. Wherein the pure titanium connecting layer is prepared from TA1 powder by laser melting deposition, and the wear-resistant coating is mainly prepared from B 4 The C powder, tiC powder and TA1 powder are prepared by laser melt deposition. The invention adopts the laser melting deposition technology to obtain the coating which is completely metallurgically bonded with the base material, has clean surface of the coating, better compatibility with matrix phase, stable mechanical property and good wear resistance, can flexibly produce the connecting layer reinforced titanium alloy wear-resistant coating with different thickness according to actual requirements, has high forming speed and lower preparation cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of section bar preparation, and particularly relates to a connecting layer reinforced titanium alloy wear-resistant coating and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The titanium alloy is a structural material with excellent comprehensive performance, and is widely applied to important fields such as aerospace, weaponry, rail transit and the like. The titanium alloy has the advantages of good corrosion resistance, low density, high specific strength, good toughness, good weldability and the like, but the titanium alloy has high wear coefficient and is very sensitive to adhesive wear and fretting wear, the service life of the titanium alloy in friction members is reduced, and the titanium alloy cannot be used in severe wear environments.
Common surface modification means for titanium alloys include thermal spraying, magnetron sputtering, micro-arc oxidation, electroplating, and the like. The bonding strength of the coating prepared by the thermal spraying and the magnetron sputtering is very high at present, but the phenomenon that carbide decarburizes to generate an amorphous phase still exists in the reaction process, so that the hardness of the coating is reduced, and the impact load and the dry friction are difficult to bear; the dispersibility of insoluble nano particles in the electrolyte of micro-arc oxidation and electroplating is poor, so that micropores are inevitably formed in the outer layer of the micro-arc oxidation film, and some coatings are easy to crack from the inside of the coating due to poor binding force.
The laser melting deposition technology has wide application prospect due to the advantages of concentrated energy density, high cooling rate, small heat affected zone, flexible component system and the like. The technology takes high-energy laser as an energy source, melts powder raw materials which are synchronously conveyed, stacks the powder raw materials layer by layer to form a three-dimensional solid component, and can accurately regulate and control parameters such as energy input, heating positions, material systems, interface gradient components and the like on line in real time.
Huang Liguo and other researches suggest that adding a small amount of boron can obviously improve the titanium alloy structure, improve the mechanical property, and the boron enriched at the front edge of a solid-liquid interface obviously refines the grain size of the titanium alloy through a component supercooling mechanism, and trace solid solution and supersaturated boron cause the increase of alloy phase change points; the TiB generated during eutectic reaction is enriched at the dendrite state interface of the original beta phase, and the excessive TiB makes the dendrite state generated at high temperature visible in room temperature tissue; during hot working and heat treatment high temperature heat preservation, tiB particles at the grain boundary are obviously pinned with the grain boundary, so that rapid growth of crystal grains is limited, and fine crystal grains can be kept at high temperature, so that the formability of the alloy can be obviously improved. [ Huang Liguo, gao Zhiyu, development of the study of the effect of small amounts of boron on the structure of titanium alloys [ J ]. Material Annu, 2015,29 (21): 92-97].
Ji Zhenjia and the like find that solute element boron is dissolved into titanium crystal lattice to a certain extent, and slight lattice distortion or lattice shrinkage phenomenon is generated, so that the inter-crystal plane distance is changed. When the grain size is smaller, the grain boundary density is increased, so that the dislocation movement resistance in the material deformation process is increased, and the work hardening effect is generated, so that the hardness is improved; with boron contentThe amount increases, so does the content of TiB, a high hardness compound produced by eutectic reaction during solidification of the bath, and is relatively dispersed in the matrix, resulting in TC 4 The hardness of (3) is improved. [ Ji Zhenjia, zhang Xiaoxing, wang Yuyue, huo Hao, wang Hong, zhang Jinzhi, zhang Anfeng ] boron to laser additive manufacturing TC 4 Effects of microstructure and mechanical Properties [ J]Chinese laser, 2020,47 (06): 124-130]。
Wang Amin et al found that laser cladding technique was used in TC 4 The Ti/Al/boron carbide/C cladding layer with uniform structure and firm metallurgical bonding is successfully prepared by presetting powders of Ti, al, boron carbide, C and the like with different proportions on the surface, and the cladding layer mainly consists of TiB and TiB 2 The wear rate of the cladding layer is lower than that of the titanium alloy matrix, and the cladding layer has good wear resistance [ Wang Amin, zhang Gongxia, dai Jingjie ] the surface of the titanium alloy is clad with Ti/Al/B by laser 4 C/C coating texture and Performance analysis [ J]Material protection 2020,53 (03) 41-46.]。
Gao Xianpeng, and the like, found that Ti and boron carbide react in situ to generate TiB 2 And titanium carbide can provide nucleation sites for Ti grains, and the clustered and netlike TiB exists in the composite material 2 The titanium carbide intergrowth structure has a "pinning effect" and inhibits the growth of Ti grains, thereby refining the grains [ Gao Xianpeng, xu Junjiang, zhou Qi, qian Xusheng, lin Zixiong, zhang Minglang. Ti 6 Al 4 V-10%B 4 C composite material laser selective melting process research [ J]Chinese laser, 2021,48 (14): 126-134]。
Zhang Nianlong A self-lubricating TiB 2-titanium carbide ceramic coating is prepared on the surface of Ti-6Al-4V alloy by presetting boron carbide and graphite mixed alloying powder, and has good antifriction and wear resistance due to the synergistic effect of multiphase ceramics [ Zhang Nianlong, wang Bo, zhang Gongxia, dai Jingjie ] the structure and wear resistance of the self-lubricating ceramic coating on the surface of titanium alloy [ J ]. Surface technology, 2018,47 (12): 173-180].
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a connecting layer reinforced titanium alloy wear-resistant coating and a preparation method thereof.
The invention adopts the laser melting deposition technology to obtain the coating which is completely metallurgically combined with the base material, and the in-situ autogenous ceramic phase obtained by the laser melting deposition technology has clean surface and good compatibility with the matrix phase, has stable mechanical property and good wear resistance, can flexibly produce the connecting layer reinforced titanium alloy wear-resistant coating with different thicknesses according to actual requirements, has high forming speed and lower preparation cost.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a pure titanium connecting layer is arranged between the titanium alloy substrate and the wear-resistant coating, and the thickness of the pure titanium connecting layer is 1/6-1/4 of the thickness of the wear-resistant coating, wherein the pure titanium connecting layer is formed by TA1 titanium alloy; the wear-resistant coating comprises 0-40 parts by weight of boron carbide, 0-40 parts by weight of titanium carbide and 60 parts by weight of TA1 titanium alloy, wherein the total weight of the boron carbide and the titanium carbide in the wear-resistant coating is 40 parts by weight.
The invention relieves the stress conflict between the wear-resistant coating and the titanium alloy substrate by adopting the preparation of a layer of pure titanium connecting layer, and simultaneously obviously increases the combination of B element and C element and Ti element in a molten pool formed by the boron carbide powder and the titanium carbide powder in laser melting deposition, thereby realizing in-situ autogenous titanium carbide, tiB and TiB 2 The ceramic phase is cleaner and has better compatibility with the matrix phase.
The thickness of the wear-resistant coating is 0.5-5mm.
Preferably, a pure titanium connecting layer is arranged between the titanium alloy substrate and the wear-resistant coating, the thickness of the pure titanium connecting layer is 1/6-1/4 of that of the wear-resistant coating, and the pure titanium connecting layer is formed by TA1 titanium alloy; the wear-resistant coating comprises 1-39 parts by weight of boron carbide, 1-39 parts by weight of titanium carbide and 60 parts by weight of TA1 titanium alloy, wherein the total weight of the boron carbide and the titanium carbide in the wear-resistant coating is 40 parts by weight.
Wherein, the pure titanium connecting layer is prepared from TA1 titanium alloy powder; the wear-resistant coating is prepared from boron carbide powder, titanium carbide powder and TA1 titanium alloy powder, wherein the purity of the boron carbide powder is 99.9%, and the granularity is 15-53 mu m; the purity of the titanium carbide powder is 99.9%, and the granularity is 15-53 mu m; the purity of the TA1 powder was 99.9%.
The titanium alloy wear-resistant coating has stable mechanical property and good wear-resistant property, can flexibly produce the connecting layer reinforced titanium alloy wear-resistant coating with different thicknesses according to actual requirements, and has lower preparation cost and high forming speed.
A preparation method of a connecting layer reinforced titanium alloy wear-resistant coating comprises the following steps:
and 4, carrying out surface treatment on the wear-resistant coating in the step 3 to remove surface oxide skin and defects, and obtaining the connecting layer reinforced titanium alloy wear-resistant coating.
Firstly preparing mixed powder required by laser melting and depositing, then cladding TA1 powder on a titanium alloy substrate by a laser melting and depositing technology, continuously cladding the mixed powder on a pure titanium connecting layer to prepare a titanium alloy wear-resistant coating, and finally carrying out machining treatment on the titanium alloy wear-resistant coating to obtain the connecting layer reinforced titanium alloy wear-resistant coating.
Wherein the dispersing agent is absolute ethyl alcohol with the purity of more than or equal to 99.7 percent, and 50 parts by weight of the dispersing agent is added into 100 parts by weight of wear-resistant coating powder.
The preferred TA1 powder provides a pure Ti atmosphere promoting B 4 C decomposition occurs in situ autogenous reaction, B 4 The mass fraction range of the C powder and the TiC powder is more favorable for the eutectic reaction of the B element and the Ti element to generate TiB and TiB 2 。
B 4 The particle size of the C powder and the TiC powder is the same to enableThe size of the ceramic phase is close to that of the ceramic phase, the structure is uniform, the granularity of the TA1 powder is not particularly required, and the ceramic phase can form a molten pool to provide a pure titanium atmosphere.
The absolute ethyl alcohol can permeate into the powder interface in the ball milling tank to exceed the powder, and can be volatilized directly in the drying process of the vacuum high-temperature dryer box without influencing the mixed powder.
In the step 1, a ceramic ball milling tank is adopted for ball milling, wherein a spherical 95% zirconia ball mill is adopted, the ball mill has the specific process and parameters that the mass ratio of ball materials is 2:1, the rotating speed is 200r/min, and the mixed powder is obtained after ball milling for 12 hours and drying for 5 hours at 120 ℃ through a vacuum high-temperature dryer box.
The ceramic grinding balls can not pollute powder in the ball milling process, the spherical ceramic grinding balls are convenient to directly take out after being dried in a vacuum high-temperature dryer box, the diameters of the spherical ceramic grinding balls are not particularly limited, different diameters can be selected according to actual requirements, and theoretically, the smaller the diameter is, the finer and uniform the powder is after ball milling. The preferable ball mass ratio can better impact grinding the powder in the ball milling process. The rotating speed of 200r/min can lead the ball material to be fully contacted and ball-milled uniformly. The parameters of the vacuum high-temperature dryer box can enable the powder to be deoxidized and dried, so that the follow-up laser melting deposition operation can be conveniently performed, and the process air holes of the connecting layer reinforced titanium alloy wear-resistant coating are reduced.
In the step 2, the purity of the TA1 powder is 99.9%, and the thickness of the pure titanium connecting layer is 0.1-1mm.
The maximum tie layer thickness can satisfy the effect of cushioning stress, and excessive thickness can result in reduced overall toughness.
The specific process and parameters of the laser melting deposition in the step 2 and the step 3 are that the laser power is 2000-3500W, the scanning speed is 5-10mm/s, the powder feeding speed is 0.5-1.6g/min, the carrier gas flow is 2-3.3L/min, the scanning mode is bidirectional scanning, the light spot diameter is 1-4mm, the oxygen content is controlled below 50ppm, and the lap joint rate is 30-50%.
The optimized process can lead the powder to be completely melted to form a liquid molten pool, a ceramic phase is better formed, the diameter of a light spot determines the forming width, and the bidirectional scanning ensures the forming quality.
The invention irradiates high power density laser beam to the surface of the base material through laser melting deposition technology, so that the base material and the cladding layer material are rapidly melted and solidified, and the coating which is completely metallurgically bonded with the base material is obtained. Compared with the prior art, the carbide formed by the laser melting deposition technology has stable structure, can bear high-strength impact load, and has strong coating binding force.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the invention adopts laser melting deposition to prepare the connecting layer reinforced titanium alloy wear-resistant coating, and is fully metallurgically combined with the base material.
2. The invention can flexibly produce the connecting layer reinforced titanium alloy wear-resistant coating with different thickness according to actual requirements, and has fast forming speed and lower preparation cost.
3. The wear-resistant coating is prepared by adopting a laser melting deposition mode, and the raw material utilization rate is high, so that the preparation cost is reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following description will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings that are required to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art:
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of the laser melt deposition of a pure titanium tie layer on a titanium alloy substrate in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of a process for continuing to deposit a wear resistant coating on a deposited pure titanium tie layer.
In the figure: 1. a laser beam; 2. a laser fused deposition fabrication head; 3. a feeding device; 4. a titanium alloy substrate; 5. a pure titanium tie layer; 6. and (3) a wear-resistant coating.
Description of the embodiments
Example 1 laser melt deposition additive manufacturing test substrate of TC4 titanium alloy with dimensions of 120mm x 50mm x 15mm for titanium alloy substrate 4, pure titanium tie layer 5 material selection TA1 powder (99.9% purity) 1wt% B 4 The powder C, 39wt% TiC powder and 60wt% TA1 powder were mixed to obtain the wear-resistant coating 6 powder. B (B) 4 Purity of powder CThe degree is 99.9%, and the granularity is 15-53 mu m; the purity of TiC powder is 99.9%, and the granularity is 15-53um. 50g of absolute ethyl alcohol (purity is more than or equal to 99.7%) is added into every 100g of wear-resistant coating powder, and then the powder is put into a ball milling tank, and spherical 95% zirconia grinding balls (93% ZrO) are used as ceramic grinding balls 2 /5%Y 2 O 3 2% others). The ball mill has the specific process and parameters that the mass ratio of the ball materials is 2:1, the rotating speed is 200r/min, and the mixed powder is prepared by drying the ball mill for 5 hours at 120 ℃ through a vacuum high-temperature dryer box after ball milling for 12 hours.
The laser melting deposition system adopted in the test consists of a six-axis robot KR60-HA produced by KUKA company, a YSL-10000-KC laser (the maximum output power is 10 KW) produced by IPG company, an RC/PGF/D double-barrel powder feeder produced by Zhongkeke, a sealed cabin and an air feeding protection type optical internal powder feeding nozzle. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a laser beam 1 and a laser melting and depositing manufacturing head 2 of the laser melting and depositing system are vertically suspended above a titanium alloy substrate 4, and the circumferences of a feeding device 3 are all arranged around the laser melting and depositing manufacturing head 2.
The titanium alloy is pretreated before the test is carried out, 600-mesh metallographic sand paper is adopted to polish the titanium alloy substrate 4, the oxide film on the titanium alloy substrate 4 is removed until the metallic luster is exposed, then 75% absolute ethyl alcohol reagent is used for wiping off greasy dirt and dirt on the surface of the titanium alloy substrate 4, finally, the titanium alloy substrate is dried for standby, and after the oxide film is removed, the test is carried out within 2 hours so as to avoid regeneration of a new oxide film.
The specific process and parameters of laser melting deposition are that laser power 3500W, scanning speed 10mm/s, powder feeding speed 1.6g/min, carrier gas flow 3.3L/min, scanning mode of bidirectional scanning, light spot diameter 4mm, oxygen content controlled below 50ppm and lap joint rate 30-50%. First a 1mm pure titanium tie layer 5 is deposited on a titanium alloy substrate 4. And after the deposition of the pure titanium connecting layer 5 is finished, continuing to deposit the powder of the wear-resistant coating 6 on the titanium connecting layer, cooling the deposited titanium connecting layer by 5mm, and performing surface treatment to remove surface oxide skin and defects so as to obtain the connecting layer reinforced titanium alloy wear-resistant coating.
The hardness was measured at 758HV30 using a digital display vickers hardness tester for each of the various points on the tie layer reinforced titanium alloy wear resistant coating of example 1.
The friction and wear test of the test sample was carried out on the joint layer reinforced titanium alloy wear-resistant coating of example 1 on an MG-2000 type high-speed high-temperature friction and wear testing machine, the test rotating speed was 500r/min, the wear time was 40min, the test load was 300N, and the wear temperature was room temperature. The abrasion loss of the test specimen was obtained by the test, and the calculated friction coefficient was reduced by 13.7% compared with the base body.
Example 2 laser melt deposition additive manufacturing test substrate of TC4 titanium alloy with dimensions of 120mm by 50mm by 15mm for titanium alloy substrate 4, pure titanium tie layer 5 material selection TA1 powder (99.9% purity) 20wt% B 4 The powder C, 20wt% TiC powder and 60wt% TA1 powder were mixed to obtain the wear-resistant coating 6 powder. B (B) 4 The purity of the powder C is 99.9%, and the granularity is 15-53 mu m; the purity of TiC powder is 99.9%, and the granularity is 15-53um. 50g of absolute ethyl alcohol (purity is more than or equal to 99.7%) is added into every 100g of wear-resistant coating powder, and then the powder is put into a ball milling tank, and spherical 95% zirconia grinding balls (93% ZrO) are used as ceramic grinding balls 2 /5%Y 2 O 3 2% others). The ball mill has the specific process and parameters that the mass ratio of the ball materials is 2:1, the rotating speed is 200r/min, and the mixed powder is prepared by drying the ball mill for 5 hours at 120 ℃ through a vacuum high-temperature dryer box after ball milling for 12 hours.
The laser melting deposition system adopted in the test consists of a six-axis robot KR60-HA produced by KUKA company, a YSL-10000-KC laser (the maximum output power is 10 KW) produced by IPG company, an RC/PGF/D double-barrel powder feeder produced by Zhongkeke, a sealed cabin and an air feeding protection type optical internal powder feeding nozzle. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a laser beam 1 and a laser melting and depositing manufacturing head 2 of the laser melting and depositing system are vertically suspended above a titanium alloy substrate 4, and the circumferences of a feeding device 3 are all arranged around the laser melting and depositing manufacturing head 2.
The titanium alloy is pretreated before the test is carried out, 600-mesh metallographic sand paper is adopted to polish the titanium alloy substrate 4, the oxide film on the titanium alloy substrate 4 is removed until the metallic luster is exposed, then 75% absolute ethyl alcohol reagent is used for wiping off greasy dirt and dirt on the surface of the titanium alloy substrate 4, finally, the titanium alloy substrate is dried for standby, and after the oxide film is removed, the test is carried out within 2 hours so as to avoid regeneration of a new oxide film.
The specific process and parameters of laser melting deposition are that the laser power is 2000W, the scanning speed is 5mm/s, the powder feeding speed is 0.5g/min, the carrier gas flow is 2L/min, the scanning mode is bidirectional scanning, the light spot diameter is 1mm, the oxygen content is controlled below 50ppm, and the lap joint rate is 30-50%. First a 1mm pure titanium tie layer 5 is deposited on a titanium alloy substrate 4. And after the deposition of the pure titanium connecting layer 5 is finished, continuing to deposit the powder of the wear-resistant coating 6 on the titanium connecting layer, cooling the deposited titanium connecting layer by 4mm, and performing surface treatment to remove surface oxide skin and defects so as to obtain the connecting layer reinforced titanium alloy wear-resistant coating.
The hardness was found to be 756HV30 using a digital display Vickers hardness tester for various points on the tie layer reinforced titanium alloy wear resistant coating of example 2.
The friction and wear test of the test sample was carried out on the joint layer reinforced titanium alloy wear-resistant coating of example 2 on an MG-2000 type high-speed high-temperature friction and wear testing machine, the test rotating speed was 500r/min, the wear time was 40min, the test load was 300N, and the wear temperature was room temperature. The abrasion loss of the test sample was obtained, and the calculated friction coefficient was reduced by 12.2% compared with the base body.
Example 3 laser melt deposition additive manufacturing test substrate of TC4 titanium alloy with dimensions of 120mm by 50mm by 15mm for titanium alloy substrate 4, pure titanium tie layer 5 material selection TA1 powder (99.9% purity) 39wt% B 4 The powder C, 1wt% TiC powder and 60wt% TA1 powder were mixed to obtain the wear-resistant coating 6 powder. B (B) 4 The purity of the powder C is 99.9%, and the granularity is 15-53 mu m; the purity of TiC powder is 99.9%, and the granularity is 15-53um. 50g of absolute ethyl alcohol (purity is more than or equal to 99.7%) is added into every 100g of wear-resistant coating powder, and then the powder is put into a ball milling tank, and spherical 95% zirconia grinding balls (93% ZrO) are used as ceramic grinding balls 2 /5%Y 2 O 3 2% others). The ball mill has the specific process and parameters that the mass ratio of the ball materials is 2:1, the rotating speed is 200r/min, and the mixed powder is prepared by drying the ball mill for 5 hours at 120 ℃ through a vacuum high-temperature dryer box after ball milling for 12 hours.
The laser melting deposition system adopted in the test consists of a six-axis robot KR60-HA produced by KUKA company, a YSL-10000-KC laser (the maximum output power is 10 KW) produced by IPG company, an RC/PGF/D double-barrel powder feeder produced by Zhongkeke, a sealed cabin and an air feeding protection type optical internal powder feeding nozzle. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a laser beam 1 and a laser melting and depositing manufacturing head 2 of the laser melting and depositing system are vertically suspended above a titanium alloy substrate 4, and the circumferences of a feeding device 3 are all arranged around the laser melting and depositing manufacturing head 2.
The titanium alloy is pretreated before the test is carried out, 600-mesh metallographic sand paper is adopted to polish the titanium alloy substrate 4, the oxide film on the titanium alloy substrate 4 is removed until the metallic luster is exposed, then 75% absolute ethyl alcohol reagent is used for wiping off greasy dirt and dirt on the surface of the titanium alloy substrate 4, finally, the titanium alloy substrate is dried for standby, and after the oxide film is removed, the test is carried out within 2 hours so as to avoid regeneration of a new oxide film.
The specific process and parameters of laser melting deposition are that the laser power is 3000W, the scanning speed is 8mm/s, the powder feeding speed is 1g/min, the carrier gas flow is 3L/min, the scanning mode is bidirectional scanning, the light spot diameter is 3mm, the oxygen content is controlled below 50ppm, and the lap joint rate is 30-50%. First a 0.5mm pure titanium tie layer 5 is deposited on a titanium alloy substrate 4. And after the deposition of the pure titanium connecting layer 5 is finished, continuing to deposit the powder of the wear-resistant coating 6 on the titanium connecting layer, and carrying out surface treatment after cooling the deposited powder by 3mm to remove surface oxide skin and defects so as to obtain the connecting layer reinforced titanium alloy wear-resistant coating.
The hardness was measured at 761HV30 using a digital display vickers hardness tester for various points on the tie layer strengthened titanium alloy wear resistant coating of example 3.
The friction and wear test of the test sample is carried out on the connection layer reinforced titanium alloy wear-resistant coating of the example 3 on an MG-2000 type high-speed high-temperature friction and wear testing machine respectively, the test rotating speed is 500r/min, the wear time is 40min, the test load is 300N, and the wear temperature is room temperature. The abrasion loss of the test sample was obtained, and the calculated friction coefficient was reduced by 12.4% compared with the base body.
Comparative example 1 laser melt deposition additive manufacturing test substrate was TC4 titanium alloy, the size of the titanium alloy substrate 4 was 120mm×50mm×15mm, the same composition of the wear-resistant coating 6 powder of example 2 and the same process conditions of example 2 were adopted to directly deposit the wear-resistant coating 6 powder on the titanium alloy substrate 4, the deposition was 5mm cooled, and then surface treatment was performed to remove surface scale and defects, to obtain a titanium alloy wear-resistant coating.
The hardness was measured at 750HV30 using a digital display vickers hardness tester for multiple measurements at different points on the titanium alloy wear resistant coating of comparative example 1.
The friction and wear test of the sample is carried out on the titanium alloy wear-resistant coating of comparative example 1 on an MG-2000 type high-speed high-temperature friction and wear testing machine, the test rotating speed is 500r/min, the friction and wear time is 40min, the test load is 300N, and the wear temperature is room temperature. The abrasion loss of the test sample was obtained, and the calculated friction coefficient was reduced by 24.5% compared with the base body.
The hardness of the titanium alloy wear-resistant coating reinforced by the connecting layers in examples 1, 2 and 3 is higher than that of the titanium alloy wear-resistant coating in comparative example 1.
The wear resistance of the titanium alloy wear-resistant coating reinforced by the connecting layers of the examples 1, 2 and 3 is obviously better than that of the titanium alloy wear-resistant coating of the comparative example 1. After the pure titanium connecting layer 5 is added, the wear resistance of the titanium alloy wear-resistant coating is obviously improved.
Claims (8)
1. A tie layer reinforced titanium alloy wear resistant coating, characterized by: a pure titanium connecting layer is arranged between the titanium alloy substrate and the wear-resistant coating, the thickness of the pure titanium connecting layer is 1/6-1/4 of the thickness of the wear-resistant coating, and the pure titanium connecting layer is formed by TA1 titanium alloy; the wear-resistant coating comprises 0-40 parts by weight of boron carbide, 0-40 parts by weight of titanium carbide and 60 parts by weight of TA1 titanium alloy, wherein the total weight of the boron carbide and the titanium carbide in the wear-resistant coating is 40 parts by weight.
2. A tie layer reinforced titanium alloy wear resistant coating as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the wear-resistant coating comprises 1-39 parts by weight of boron carbide, 1-39 parts by weight of titanium carbide and 60 parts by weight of TA1 titanium alloy, wherein the total weight of the boron carbide and the titanium carbide in the wear-resistant coating is 40 parts by weight.
3. A tie layer reinforced titanium alloy wear resistant coating as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein: the pure titanium connecting layer is prepared from TA1 titanium alloy powder; the wear-resistant coating is prepared from boron carbide powder, titanium carbide powder and TA1 titanium alloy powder, wherein the purity of the boron carbide powder is 99.9%, and the granularity is 15-53 mu m; the purity of the titanium carbide powder is 99.9%, and the granularity is 15-53 mu m; the purity of the TA1 powder was 99.9%.
4. A method of producing a tie layer reinforced titanium alloy wear resistant coating as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, mixing 0-40 parts by weight of boron carbide powder, 0-40 parts by weight of titanium carbide powder and 60 parts by weight of TA1 titanium alloy powder to obtain wear-resistant coating powder, wherein the total weight of the boron carbide and the titanium carbide in the wear-resistant coating is 40 parts by weight, adding a dispersing agent into the wear-resistant coating powder, and performing ball milling to obtain mixed powder;
step 2, cladding TA1 titanium alloy powder on a titanium alloy substrate through laser melting deposition to form a pure titanium connecting layer;
step 3, cladding the mixed powder obtained in the step 1 on the pure titanium connecting layer in the step 2 through laser melting deposition to form a wear-resistant coating;
and 4, carrying out surface treatment on the wear-resistant coating in the step 3 to remove surface oxide skin and defects, and obtaining the connecting layer reinforced titanium alloy wear-resistant coating.
5. The method for producing a tie layer strengthened titanium alloy wear-resistant coating according to claim 4, wherein: the dispersing agent is absolute ethyl alcohol with the purity of more than or equal to 99.7 percent, and 50 parts by weight of the dispersing agent is added into 100 parts by weight of wear-resistant coating powder.
6. The method for producing a tie layer strengthened titanium alloy wear-resistant coating according to claim 5, wherein: in the step 1, a ceramic ball milling tank is adopted for ball milling, wherein a spherical 95% zirconia ball mill is adopted, the ball mill has the specific process and parameters that the mass ratio of ball materials is 2:1, the rotating speed is 200r/min, and the mixed powder is obtained after ball milling for 12 hours and drying for 5 hours at 120 ℃ through a vacuum high-temperature dryer box.
7. The method for producing a tie layer strengthened titanium alloy wear-resistant coating according to claim 6, wherein: in the step 2, the purity of the TA1 powder is 99.9%, and the thickness of the pure titanium connecting layer is 0.1-1mm.
8. The method for producing a tie layer strengthened titanium alloy wear-resistant coating according to claim 7, wherein: the specific process and parameters of the laser melting deposition in the step 2 and the step 3 are that the laser power is 2000-3500W, the scanning speed is 5-10mm/s, the powder feeding speed is 0.5-1.6g/min, the carrier gas flow is 2-3.3L/min, the scanning mode is bidirectional scanning, the light spot diameter is 1-4mm, the oxygen content is controlled below 50ppm, and the lap joint rate is 30-50%.
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