CN116217097B - Dry lime slaking device - Google Patents
Dry lime slaking device Download PDFInfo
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- CN116217097B CN116217097B CN202310475887.9A CN202310475887A CN116217097B CN 116217097 B CN116217097 B CN 116217097B CN 202310475887 A CN202310475887 A CN 202310475887A CN 116217097 B CN116217097 B CN 116217097B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2/00—Lime, magnesia or dolomite
- C04B2/02—Lime
- C04B2/04—Slaking
- C04B2/08—Devices therefor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
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- Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)
- Mixers Of The Rotary Stirring Type (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of dry lime digestion, and particularly relates to a dry lime digestion device. The device comprises a main rotor and a shell, wherein the main rotor is positioned in the shell, and two ends of the main rotor respectively penetrate through the shell and extend out of the shell; the main rotor is sequentially provided with a hollow auger, a conical auger, a main digestion chamber blade and a tailing digestion chamber blade according to the material flow; the shell is sequentially provided with a premixing digestion chamber, a main digestion chamber and a tailing digestion chamber according to the material flow. The dry lime slaking device can continuously and efficiently produce high-activity slaked lime with stable quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of dry lime digestion, and particularly relates to a dry lime digestion device.
Background
Lime slaking is classified into dry and wet methods. Slaked lime slurry produced by wet process is mainly applied to a few fields such as mortar factories, wastewater treatment plants and the like. The slaked lime powder produced by the dry method is widely applied in the fields of metallurgy, chemical industry, light industry, environmental protection and the like.
The activity of the slaked lime produced by the dry method is improved, the reaction efficiency of the slaked lime in the application can be improved, the application range can be expanded, the raw material cost is reduced by partially replacing caustic soda and the like. Besides factors such as quicklime raw materials, the slaking process has the greatest influence on the activity of slaked lime. The main factors reflecting the activity of the slaked lime include specific surface area, pore volume, pore diameter and the like of the particles. In the general digestion process, the more fully the quicklime gaps are reacted and vaporized, the faster the generated calcium hydroxide crystals solidify, which is more beneficial to increasing the specific surface area and the porosity of the quicklime. In addition, the water permeability is enhanced by adding the digestion auxiliary agent in the digestion process, so that the expansion and vaporization effects of the reaction in the pores of the quicklime can be obviously increased, and the activity of the quicklime is greatly improved.
The traditional dry quicklime digestion process adopts staged supplement of the digestion water, and is easy to controlThe molar ratio of water to ash is below 2, and the water content of the slaked lime is obviously reduced. However, because the quicklime has poor water absorption uniformity in the digestion process, a large amount of heat of digestion reaction rapidly heats up the lime, most of water added in the middle and later stages of digestion is directly vaporized when the water is mixed with the lime, the deep uniform mixing of the quicklime is difficult to realize, and the water cannot permeate into the pores of the quicklime; the gas-solid reaction speed is low, so that the digestion process is long, the digestion device needs multistage series connection, is huge and complex, and has low production efficiency; the activity of slaked lime produced by the slow digestion is low, and the specific surface area is mostly lower than 20cm 2 And/g. In addition, the dust generated by the traditional dry quicklime digestion process is larger, and a large amount of dust is carried by the generated easy-to-condense steam, so that the difficulty of purifying the tail gas to achieve ultra-clean emission is great.
Increasing the water-cement ratio is advantageous for enhancing the water absorption process of the quicklime, but too large water-cement ratio can reduce the digestion temperature, the expansion speed of the slaked lime, the supersaturation degree of calcium hydroxide, and the nucleation rate which is relatively weaker than the growth speed, thereby affecting the digestion speed and the activity of the product and increasing the water content of the slaked lime.
The digestion process with moderate water-cement ratio can be controlled to improve the digestion speed and the activity of the product, reduce the requirement and sensitivity to the particle size of the quicklime particles, and also be beneficial to reducing the energy consumption of later drying. However, the slaked lime with higher specific volume generated on the surface of the quicklime in the slaking process expands and breaks away quickly due to the positive correlation between the slaking speed and the temperature, and the slaking reaction can be rapidly carried out in a positive feedback mode. If the reaction speed is not restrained at the initial stage of the mixed reaction with larger liquid-solid contact area, the local rapid temperature rise can be caused to form an energy transfer type chain reaction, the digestion water is boiled and evaporated instantly, the mixture is solidified rapidly, the production process is difficult to carry out in a controlled state, the mass transfer speed is difficult to meet the reaction requirement, the product quality stability is difficult to control, the production container has great overpressure hidden danger due to 'steam explosion', and the steam exhaust purification device and the fan are difficult to select and continuously operate.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a technical scheme for improving the prior art, thereby providing a dry lime slaking device. The device can continuously and efficiently produce the high-activity slaked lime with stable quality.
The technical aim of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
one embodiment of the invention provides a dry lime slaking device, which comprises a main rotor and a shell, wherein the main rotor is positioned in the shell, and two ends of the main rotor respectively penetrate through the shell and extend out of the shell;
the main rotor is sequentially provided with a hollow auger, a conical auger, a main digestion chamber blade and a tailing digestion chamber blade according to the material flow; the shell is sequentially provided with a premixing digestion chamber, a main digestion chamber and a tailing digestion chamber according to the material flow;
the premixing digestion chamber and the main rotor are coaxial, the lower half part of the premixing digestion chamber consists of a semi-cylinder body and a semi-conical cylinder body which are connected, the hollow auger is connected with the conical auger and is respectively and correspondingly positioned in the semi-cylinder and the semi-conical cylinder of the premixing digestion chamber;
the lower half part of the main digestion chamber is a semicircular cylinder coaxial with the main rotor, and the diameter of the lower half part is smaller than that of the semicircular cylinder of the premixing digestion chamber; the inlet of the premixing digestion chamber is connected with one end of a premixing rear transition section, and the other end of the premixing rear transition section is connected with the tail end of the semi-conical cylinder body of the premixing digestion chamber outlet; the main digestion chamber blades are positioned in the main digestion chamber and the post-premixing transition section;
the lower half part of the tailing digestion chamber is a semicircular cylinder coaxial with the main rotor, and the diameter of the lower half part is larger than that of the semicircular cylinder of the main digestion chamber; the inlet of the tailing digestion chamber is closely connected with the outlet of the main digestion chamber through a reducing connecting plate; the tailing digestion chamber paddles are positioned in the tailing digestion chamber;
the top of the shell is provided with a steam exhaust port; the top of the shell is positioned above the hollow auger and provided with a quicklime feed inlet; and a discharging port of slaked lime is arranged at the tail end of the lower part of the tailing digestion chamber.
According to the dry lime slaking device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the outer circumferences of the hollow auger and the conical auger are provided with the spiral sheets, and the top of the hollow auger and the conical auger are connected with 2-10 transverse paddles; the section of the spiral sheet is rectangular, and the included angle between the spiral sheet and the axial direction is 65-85 degrees; the cross section of the transverse blade is shaped, the included angle between the blade at the front side part along the steering direction and the circumferential tangent line is 0-30 degrees, the front end reaches the outer diameter of the spiral sheet, and the rear end is inclined to the center of the rotor; the included angle between the rear part of the transverse blade along the steering direction and the radial direction is 0-30 degrees; the hollow auger is a 1-5-level spiral, 3-20 connecting paddles are circumferentially distributed at intervals, and the included angle between the connecting paddles and the axial direction is between-30 degrees and 30 degrees.
According to the dry lime slaking device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the main slaking chamber blades are sequentially divided into a main slaking chamber first-stage blade, a main slaking chamber second-stage blade and a main slaking chamber third-stage blade along the material flow; the included angle between the primary blade of the main digestion chamber and the axial direction is 45-70 degrees; the secondary blade of the main digestion chamber adopts a deformed section, the included angle between the front part blade and the axial direction along the steering direction is 70-90 degrees, and the included angle between the rear part blade and the axial direction along the steering direction is 10-30 degrees; and the included angle between the main digestion chamber three-stage blade and the axial direction is 65-80 degrees.
According to the dry lime slaking device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the lower half part of the front end of the main slaking chamber is a cone, and the small diameter end of the cone is connected with the outlet of the premixing slaking chamber; the primary blade of the main digestion chamber is positioned in the conical cylinder, and the outer diameter of the primary blade of the main digestion chamber axially changes along with the inner diameter of the conical cylinder.
According to the dry lime slaking device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the tail slaking chamber blades comprise a tail slaking chamber main blade and a discharging reversing blade; the included angle between the main blade of the tailing digestion chamber and the axial direction is 55-75 degrees; the discharging reverse blade is positioned at the tail end of the main rotor and above the rear part of the discharging port; and the included angle between the discharging reverse blade and the axial direction is 70-85 degrees.
According to the dry lime slaking device provided by the embodiment of the invention, an overflow weir is arranged at the transition position from the main slaking chamber to the tailing slaking chamber; a trash outlet is arranged at the bottom of the main digestion chamber in front of the overflow weir; an overflow weir front blade is arranged on the main rotor and positioned in front of the overflow weir, and the included angle between the overflow weir front blade and the axial direction is 80-90 degrees; a main digestion chamber final stage blade is arranged between the overflow weir front blade and the main digestion chamber blade, and the included angle between the main digestion chamber final stage blade and the axial direction is 70-85 degrees; and an overflow weir rear blade is arranged at the position, located behind the overflow weir, on the main rotor, and the included angle between the overflow weir rear blade and the axial direction is 65-80 degrees.
According to the dry lime slaking device provided by the embodiment of the invention, a water outlet is formed in one side of the front end cover of the shell, which is upwards in the rotating direction, of the rotor, a water inlet is formed in one side of the front end cover of the shell, which is downwards in the rotating direction, and a water inlet pipe is connected to the water inlet; the main digestion chamber is provided with a plurality of water distribution nozzles at intervals along the axial direction, the water distribution nozzles are connected to a water distribution main pipe through branch pipelines and control valves, the other end of the water distribution main pipe is connected with the water outlet, and the water distribution main pipe is provided with a shutoff valve and a slurry pump sequentially along the flow path; the back of the slurry pump is connected with a slurry circulating pipeline, the other end of the slurry circulating pipeline is connected to a water inlet pipe of the water inlet, and the slurry circulating pipeline is sequentially provided with a regulating valve and a slurry circulating cooler along the flow path.
According to the dry lime slaking device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the semicircular cylinder body at the lower part of the premixing slaking chamber is provided with the semicircular rib, and the cooling chamber is arranged outside the semicircular rib; an upper rotor is arranged above the main rotor, and multistage paddles are arranged in the main digestion chamber and the tailing digestion chamber; the main rotor and the upper rotor adopt the same type of blades and arrangement modes.
According to the dry lime slaking device provided by the embodiment of the invention, a grading deflector is arranged below the feed inlet and above the hollow auger.
According to the dry lime slaking device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the upper part of the main slaking chamber is provided with the overturning baffle at the outlet of the premixing slaking chamber, and the bottom of the tailing slaking chamber is provided with a plurality of stages of drying tuyeres in front of the discharge hole.
In summary, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the premixing digestion chamber, the hollow auger with the transverse paddles and the connecting paddles is arranged to strengthen internal circulation stirring mixing of quick lime and water, the water-cement ratio in the premixing digestion stage is increased, the reaction heat is continuously carried out, external cooling is enhanced, chain type acceleration development of the reaction in the premixing stage is restrained, the material residence time is increased, water can fully permeate into the quick lime pores, the middle-late reaction is enhanced, the expansion and vaporization pressure effects of the quick lime are enhanced, the grain growth is limited, and the specific surface area and the porosity of the quick lime are remarkably improved.
According to the invention, the structural forms and the sizes of the digestion chamber and the rotor blade are set according to the digestion reaction process and the material physical property transformation, the water slurry system is used for diversion, the ash water distribution and synchronization are controlled, the lime digestion, expansion, crushing, impurity removal, drying and the like are completed in a controlled section, the production water consumption, the energy consumption and the rotor stress are reduced, the stability of the continuous digestion process and the product quality is ensured, and the operation safety of the device is improved.
Drawings
The present disclosure will become more readily understood with reference to the accompanying drawings. As will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art: the drawings are only for illustrating the technical scheme of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. In the figure:
FIG. 1 is a top cutaway view of the lower half of the dry lime slaking apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a vertical sectional view of the position of a feed inlet of the dry lime slaking apparatus of the present invention.
In the figure: a main rotor-1; a housing-2; hollow auger-3; a transverse blade-4; premix digestion chamber-5; conical auger-6; a main digestion chamber-7; a water distribution pipe orifice-8; overflow weir-9; a tailing digestion chamber-10; a discharge port-11; a discharging reverse paddle-12; drying tuyere-13; a main blade of a tailing digestion chamber-14; rear blade-15 of overflow weir; front blade-16 of overflow weir; final stage paddle-17 of main digestion chamber; three-stage paddles-18 of the main digestion chamber; primary digestion chamber secondary paddles-19; primary paddles-20 of the main digestion chamber; a turnover baffle-21; a cooling chamber-22; a graded inducer-23; a water inlet is formed at the bottom of the tank body to be 24; a water outlet-25; a slurry pump-26; a slurry circulation cooler-27; connecting paddles-28; spiral sheet-29; feed inlet-30.
Description of the embodiments
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be noted that the drawings are only illustrative, not drawn to strict scale, and that there may be some enlargement and reduction for convenience of description, and some default may be given to the known portions.
In the description of the present specification, a description of the present invention with reference to the terms "one embodiment," "example," "specific example," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
As shown in fig. 1-2, the preferred embodiment of the present invention provides a dry lime slaking apparatus comprising a main rotor 1 and a housing 2. The main rotor 1 is positioned in the shell 2, and two end shafts of the main rotor 1 respectively penetrate through the front end cover and the rear end cover of the shell 2. The main rotor 1 is provided with a hollow auger 3, a conical auger 6, a main digestion chamber blade and a tailing digestion chamber blade in sequence according to the material flow. The shell 2 is provided with a premixing digestion chamber 5, a main digestion chamber 7 and a tailing digestion chamber 10 in sequence according to the material flow. The lower half part of the premixing digestion chamber 5 consists of a semi-cylinder body and a semi-conical cylinder body which are connected, and is coaxial with the main rotor 1. The hollow auger 3 is connected with the conical auger 6 and is correspondingly positioned on the semi-cylinder and the semi-conical cylinder of the premixing digestion chamber 5. The lower half part of the main digestion chamber 7 is a semi-cylinder body coaxial with the main rotor 1, the diameter of the semi-cylinder body is smaller than that of the premixing digestion chamber 5, the inlet of the semi-cylinder body is connected with one end of a post-premixing transition section, and the other end of the post-premixing transition section is connected with the tail end of the semi-conical cylinder body at the outlet of the premixing digestion chamber 5. The main digester paddles are located in the main digester 7 and the post-premixing transition. The cross-sectional area of the premixing digestion chamber 5 is larger than that of the main digestion chamber 7, the bottommost part is lower, and the water storage amount of the premixing digestion chamber 5 can be increased, so that the water-ash ratio of the quicklime in the premixing digestion stage is increased, the early temperature rise and rapid digestion of the quicklime are inhibited, the adaptability to feeding fluctuation and the control stability are improved, and the permeability of water to the surface and internal pores of the quicklime is improved. The lower half part of the tailing digestion chamber 10 is a semicircular cylinder coaxial with the main rotor 1, and the diameter of the lower half part is larger than that of the semicircular cylinder of the main digestion chamber 7. The inlet of the tailing digestion chamber 10 is closely connected with the outlet of the main digestion chamber 7 through a reducing connecting plate. The tailings digestion chamber paddles are located in the tailings digestion chamber 10. The cross-sectional area of the tailing digestion chamber 10 is larger than that of the main digestion chamber 7 so as to adapt to the fact that the specific volume of the slaked lime is larger than that of the quicklime mixture, and the synchronous feeding requirement under the same rotor is met. The top of the shell 2 is provided with a steam outlet. The top of the shell 2 is provided with a quicklime feed inlet 30 above the hollow auger 3. The lower end of the tailing digestion chamber 10 is provided with a discharge port 11 for slaked lime.
The outer circumferences of the hollow auger 3 and the conical auger 6 are provided with spiral sheets 29. The spiral pieces 29 are rectangular in cross section and are connected to the main shaft of the main rotor 1 by connecting paddles 28 circumferentially spaced apart. When the hollow auger 3 and the conical auger 6 rotate along with the main rotor 1, the materials in the premixing digestion chamber 5 can generate axial forward movement and circumferential rotation movement, and finally the materials enter the main digestion chamber 7 after passing through the lifting height of the semi-conical cylinder body. The radial dimension of the spiral sheet 29 is reduced, the circumferential width dimension of the connecting blades 28 is reduced, the circumferential arrangement interval is increased, and the sectional area of the middle hollow area of the hollow auger 3 can be increased, so that the circulation mixing residence time of the materials in the premixing digestion chamber 5 is increased. When the main rotor 1 rotates, each blade can generate axial and circumferential thrust to the materials in the shell 2, so as to push the materials to move forward along the axial direction and perform circumferential mixing.
The tops of the hollow auger 3 and the conical auger 6 are connected with 2-10 transverse paddles 4. The cross section of the transverse blade 4 is shaped, the included angle between the blade and the circumferential tangent line along the front side part of the steering is 0-30 degrees, the front end reaches the outer diameter of the spiral sheet 29, and the rear end is inclined to the center of the rotor. The included angle between the rear part of the transverse blade 4 along the steering direction and the radial direction is 0-30 degrees. When the transverse blades 4 rotate along with the spiral sheets 29, the materials in the premixing digestion chamber 5 are made to generate circumferential rotation, and part of the materials lifted along with the transverse blades 4 fall to the lower part through a gap between the hollow auger connecting blades 28 to perform recirculation motion. The structural form of the transverse blade 4 can reduce resistance and friction force between the material and the outer shell 2 when pushing the material to rotate circumferentially, and ensure the lifting height of the material when rotating along with the transverse blade 4. Increasing the number of transverse paddles 4 and increasing the radial dimension of the rear part of the transverse paddles 4 increases the internal circulation rate of the material in the premix digestion chamber 5.
The hollow auger 3 can be a 1-5-level spiral, and 3-20 connecting paddles 28 are circumferentially distributed at intervals. The included angle between the spiral sheets 29 of the hollow auger 3 and the conical auger 6 and the axial direction is 65-85 degrees. The included angle between the connecting blade 28 and the axial direction is between plus or minus 30 degrees, the larger the positive value is, the larger the forward guiding pushing is, the shorter the residence time of the material in the premixing digestion chamber 5 is, the smaller the negative value is (the larger the negative value is), the larger the backward guiding pushing is, the material in the middle hollow area of the hollow auger 3 moves reversely, so that the higher the internal circulation rate of the material in the premixing digestion chamber 5 is, and the longer the residence time of the material in the premixing digestion chamber 5 is.
The main digestion chamber blades are sequentially divided into a main digestion chamber first-stage blade 20, a main digestion chamber second-stage blade 19 and a main digestion chamber third-stage blade 18 along the material flow. The blade size and the installation angle of the same-level blade are the same. Each stage of paddles consists of 1 or more groups of paddles, and each group of paddles has 2-5 paddles uniformly distributed along the circumference of the rotor. All the front and rear groups of blades are arranged in an intersecting staggered manner. The included angle between the primary blade 20 of the main digestion chamber and the axial direction is 45-70 degrees, so that a higher axial pushing component force can be generated. The secondary blade 19 of the main digestion chamber adopts a deformed section, the included angle between the front part blade and the axial direction along the steering direction is 70-90 degrees, the forward pushing effect is realized slightly, the included angle between the rear part blade and the axial direction along the steering direction is 10-30 degrees, the circumferential stirring effect is mainly increased, and the forward pushing effect is realized slightly. The arrangement can enhance the mixing effect of the materials and increase the uniformity of the circumferential mixing distribution before the rapid digestion of the materials. The distribution area of the secondary paddles 19 of the main digestion chamber is mainly in the emulsification stage where the quicklime slurry is very low in viscosity and starts to gelatinize. The included angle between the main digestion chamber three-stage blade 18 and the axial direction is 65-80 degrees. The primary digestion chamber tertiary paddles 18 are in the primary stage of the quicklime digestion reaction and the slurry undergoes the gelatinization, thickening and curing stages with a rapid increase in viscosity and a constant expansion in volume. The primary digestion chamber three-stage paddles 18 adopt smaller included angles with the axial direction, can reduce axial and circumferential stress, enhance cutting and crushing effects on materials, and rely on expansion of the materials to advance. The main digestion chamber 7 is provided with a number of cleaning openings at the interstices between the blade sets of the gelatinization, thickening and curing section of the slurry, the cleaning openings being facing the shaft of the main rotor 1. The cleaning opening is provided with a scraping device which can extend in and withdraw from. The scraping means can be automatically or manually inserted into the main digestion chamber 7 at regular intervals, and the material adhering to the shaft and between the blades is cleaned off with the rotation of the main rotor 1.
The lower half part of the front end of the main digestion chamber 7 is a cone, and the small diameter end of the cone is connected with the outlet of the premixing digestion chamber 5. Correspondingly, the primary paddles 20 of the main digestion chamber are positioned in the conical cylinder, and the outer diameters of the paddles axially change along with the inner diameter of the conical cylinder, so that the gap between the primary paddles and the conical cylinder is kept to be basically the same along the axial direction. The front end of the main digestion chamber 7 adopts a cone cylinder type structure, the materials entering the main digestion chamber 7 are further pushed up by utilizing the favorable condition of the auger, and the relative water storage amount of the premixing digestion chamber 5 can be increased under the condition that the diameter of the premixing digestion chamber 5 and the torque of the auger are not increased, so that the water-ash ratio of the quicklime in the premixing stage is further increased, the early temperature rise and rapid digestion of the quicklime are inhibited, and the permeability of water to the inner pore of the quicklime is increased.
The main digestive chamber paddles are paddles arranged in a spiral form, namely, the paddles are positioned on the shaft at intervals along the spiral line. The number of the spiral lines is 2-3, each spiral line is uniformly arranged on the circumferential section, and the front and rear adjacent paddles are arranged in a crossed manner. The paddles arranged in the form of a plurality of spiral lines are beneficial to forming continuous pushing without broken lines along the axial direction.
The tailing digestion chamber blades comprise two stages of a tailing digestion chamber main blade 14 and a discharging reversing blade 12. The blade size and the installation angle of the same-level blade are the same. Each stage of paddles consists of 1 or more groups of paddles, and each group of paddles has 2-5 paddles uniformly distributed along the circumference of the rotor. All the front and rear groups of blades are arranged in an intersecting staggered manner. The included angle between the main blade 14 of the tailing digestion chamber and the axial direction is 55-75 degrees. The discharge reversing blade 12 is positioned at the tail end of the rotor and above the rear part of the discharge port 11. The included angle between the discharging reverse blade 12 and the axial direction is 70-85 degrees, and reverse pushing is adopted. When the main blade 14 of the tailing digestion chamber pushes the material to the discharge port gradually, the main blade and the reverse blade 12 cooperate to promote the material to fall from the discharge port 11 and flow out of the shell 2. The tailing digestion chamber 10 is provided with a plurality of cleaning openings at the gaps between the blade groups, and the cleaning openings are opposite to the shaft of the main rotor 1. The cleaning opening is provided with a scraping device which can extend in and withdraw from. The scraping device can be automatically or manually stretched into the tailing digestion chamber 10 at regular intervals, and can clean materials adhered on the shaft and between the blades along with the rotation of the main rotor 1, and can assist in smooth material discharging on the discharge port 11, so that arch bridging is avoided.
An overflow weir 9 is arranged at the transition position from the main digestion chamber 7 to the tailing digestion chamber 10. The bottom of the main digestion chamber 7 in front of the overflow weir is provided with a trash discharging port. The height of the overflow weir 9 can be adjusted according to the difference of the material characteristics, the length of the main digestion chamber 7 is relatively short, and when the quicklime has more impurities and poor activity and is difficult to digest, the height of the overflow weir can be adjusted to increase the digestion time of the quicklime in the main digestion chamber 7. The overflow weir is arranged to enable the materials with larger specific gravity than the slaked lime, such as the overburned lime, the underburned lime, impurities and the like, to sink in front of the overflow weir 9, the overburned lime can prolong the digestion time, the materials which cannot be digested are regularly and timely discharged from the impurity discharging port, the digestion rate and the purity of the slaked lime are ensured, and the product does not need long-time aging; meanwhile, the overflow weir can also keep certain moisture at the bottom of the main digestion chamber 7 during normal start-up and stop of the device and sudden stop of operation faults, so that start-up and stop control is facilitated, the problems of steam explosion caused by concentrated heat release of unreacted materials accumulated during rotor shutdown, lime consolidation, wall sticking, shaft holding and the like caused by water supply interruption and water-cement ratio control unbalance are avoided. Accordingly, a weir front blade 16 is provided on the rotor before the weir. The included angle between the overflow weir front blade 16 and the axial direction is 80-90 degrees, and a smaller reverse pushing angle is adopted. Further, a main digestion chamber final stage blade 17 is arranged between the overflow weir front blade 16 and the main digestion chamber blade, the included angle between the main digestion chamber final stage blade 17 and the axial direction is 70-85 degrees, and a slightly smaller forward pushing angle is adopted. The overflow weir front blade 16 and the main digestion chamber final blade 17 are mutually matched, so that the axial thrust of the slaked lime generated in the main digestion ending stage to the overflow weir can be reduced, and the expanded slaked lime is conveyed to the overflow weir by utilizing the fact that the specific gravity of the slaked lime is lower than that of the quicklime, water and the like. Correspondingly, a weir rear blade 15 is provided on the rotor at a position behind the weir. The included angle between the overflow weir rear blade 15 and the axial direction is 65-80 degrees, the axial pushing effect is slightly smaller than that of the main blade 14 of the tailing digestion chamber, and the circumferential crushing effect is increased. The more loosely expanded slaked lime is pushed through the tail digestion chamber main paddles 14.
The water inlet 24 is positioned on the side of the front end cover of the shell 2, which is downwards rotated by the rotor. So that the newly-entered low-temperature water is firstly brought into the bottom of the premixing digestion chamber 5 by the auger, the cooling of the quicklime mixture sinking at the bottom is enhanced, and after the quicklime mixture is fully mixed with the slurry, the quicklime mixture rises in temperature, the quicklime mixture finally enters the main digestion chamber 7 forwards, and the cooling inhibition effect in the initial stage of the digestion reaction is enhanced. The front end cover of the shell 2 is provided with a water outlet 25, and the main digestion chamber 7 is provided with a plurality of water distribution nozzles 8 along the axial interval. The water outlet 25 is positioned on one side of the front end cover of the shell 2, which is upwards rotated by the rotor. The water outlet 25 is arranged on the upper side of the front end cover, which is opposite to the downstream of the water inlet, and the temperature of the paddle approaches to the average temperature of the mixed materials in the premixing digestion chamber 5, but the emulsification degree of the paddle is smaller. The water distribution pipe orifice 8 is connected to a water distribution main pipe through a branch pipe and a control valve, and the other end of the water distribution main pipe is connected to a water outlet 25. The water distribution manifold is provided with shut-off valves and a slurry pump 26 in sequence along the flow path. The arrangement of the digestion water distribution pipeline can overcome the asynchronous water ash flow, and control the water ash ratio and the temperature of each section in the main digestion chamber 7, thereby controlling the digestion process. The slurry pasting and thickening starting point and the main body solidifying ending point in the main digestion chamber 7 are controlled to be stabilized in a set interval, so that the stability of the quality of the slaked lime product can be improved, the stability of the stress of a rotor, the steam yield and the shell pressure can be ensured, and the safety of equipment can be improved.
Semi-annular ribs are arranged on the lower semi-circular cylinder body of the premixing digestion chamber 5, and cooling and heat dissipation of the paddle liquid in the premixing digestion chamber 5 can be increased through natural ventilation or fan blowing. Further, cooling chambers 22 are provided outside the semi-annular ribs. The cooling chamber 22 can be filled with gas and liquid cooling medium to enhance the heat exchange and cooling effects. By enhancing the cooling at the initial stage of the digestion reaction, the speed of the initial reaction can be further controlled, and the permeability of water to quicklime pores before concentrated boiling digestion can be improved.
A slurry circulation pipeline is connected behind a slurry pump 26 on the water distribution main pipe. The other end of the slurry circulation line is connected to the inlet pipe of the inlet port 24. The slurry circulation pipeline is provided with a regulating valve and a slurry circulation cooler 27 in sequence along the flow path. The slurry circulating cooling system is arranged, so that the slurry cooling at the initial stage of the digestion reaction can be further enhanced through the external cooler, the water-ash ratio at the initial stage of the digestion reaction is greatly improved without changing the overall digestion water-ash ratio, the capacity of inhibiting the initial digestion reaction is greatly improved, and the requirement of a high-capacity lime rapid digestion device can be met. The lower the temperature of the premixing digestion chamber 5 is controlled, the less heat is released in the initial digestion reaction, so that the water inflow amount of the water inlet 24 and the water-cement ratio can be reduced, or the condensed water recovered by the exhaust steam purifying device is sent into the digestion device through the water distribution pipe orifice 8.
A proper amount of quicklime digestion control auxiliary agent is added to the water source of the water inlet pipe connected with the water inlet 24. The digestion control auxiliary agent is a mixture of various water-soluble substances with different characteristics, namely, the surface tension of water can be reduced, the wetting and penetrating actions are enhanced, more water enters into the inner pores of lime, and simultaneously, the water can be rapidly diffused towards a liquid-solid interface, a large number of hydrophobic groups are gathered outwards, the contact probability of water molecules and CaO is reduced, and therefore the initial digestion reaction speed is inhibited. After the reaction heat builds up to raise the temperature of the mixture, the digestion control assistant is heated to dissipate, so that water penetrating into the pores of the quicklime reacts with CaO, and Ca (OH) is generated as a product 2 The specific surface area and the porosity of the slaked lime are obviously increased by the volume expansion function of the water in the pores and the vaporization function of the reaction heat release. In addition, the auxiliary agent also helps to reduce Ca (OH) 2 The solubility of the crystal nucleus is improved, the crystal nucleus is prevented from growing slowly, and thus the dispersed impurities are formedThe microstructure is more, the particle size is reduced, and the specific surface area is increased. Different from the traditional auxiliary agent, the reaction temperature is maintained to be lower than the boiling point of water by using a larger dosage, and the reaction efficiency is reduced. By combining the digestion device, the digestion control auxiliary agent can achieve a remarkable effect by using a small dosage, reduce the consumption of digestion water and the initial cooling, save energy and reduce consumption.
An accident water inlet pipe is connected behind the slurry pump 26 on the water distribution main pipe, and the other end of the accident water inlet pipe is connected with a high-level water tank. The molar ratio of the water storage capacity of the high-level water tank to the maximum quicklime amount in the digestion device is 3-6. The accident water inlet pipe is provided with an electromagnetic valve which is opened by power failure. When the digestion device is in failure and stop, the electromagnetic valve is opened, water stored in the high-level water tank enters the digestion device, the digestion reaction temperature and the vaporization speed are controlled, the residual water quantity is kept in the device, the agglomeration and aggregation of solidified materials are avoided, the rotor is blocked, and the restarting is affected.
An upper rotor is arranged above the main rotor 1. The upper rotor is provided with a plurality of stages of paddles in the main digestion chamber 7 and the tailing digestion chamber 10. The main rotor 1 and the upper rotor adopt the same type of blades and arrangement. When the main rotor 1 and the upper rotor are arranged according to the groups, the distance between the upper rotor and each stage of blades of the main rotor 1 is consistent, and the upper rotor and each stage of blades of the main rotor 1 are arranged in a successive and front-back cross mode. When the main rotor 1 and the upper rotor are arranged in a spiral way, the rotor rotating speed and the spiral pitch of each stage are the same, and the main rotor 1 and the upper rotor are opposite in rotation direction, so that mutual embedded synchronous rotation can be formed. The upper rotor can convey the slaked lime floating in the main digestion chamber 7 to the tailing digestion chamber 10 from the upper part of the overflow weir 9, thereby increasing the productivity, generating self-cleaning effect with the main rotor 1, avoiding lime adhesion and shaft wrapping, reducing the production capacity of the device and affecting the digestion quality. The matched upper rotors are adopted, so that the requirement of the main digestion chamber 7 on synchronous control of water and ash in the digestion process can be reduced, the load of the main rotor 1 is reduced, and the stability and the production capacity of the product quality are improved. The fit clearance between the main rotor 1 and the semicircular cylinder body at the lower part of the shell 2 is uniform and consistent, and a large amount of dead zones between the rotors at the bottom of the digestion chamber caused by the double rotors which are horizontally arranged in the prior art are avoided, so that the feeding and digestion reaction are more uniform, and the damage to the rotors caused by blocking and hardening of the dead zones is avoided.
A graded deflector 23 is arranged below the feed inlet 30 and above the hollow auger 3. After the quicklime falling from the feed inlet passes through the classifying deflector 23, large particles fall on one side of the premixing digestion chamber 5 close to the end cover, and small particles fall on one side of the premixing digestion chamber 5 close to the outlet. The residence time of the large-particle materials in the premixing digestion chamber 5 can be prolonged, the small particles are pushed to move towards the outlet by the large particles, and the stress of the rotor is reduced.
The housing 2 increases space in the upper part of the main digestion chamber 7 and is provided with a water seal type safety valve at the top. The larger space can buffer the pressure rise of the digestion device when the steam explosion occurs. The provision of a water-sealed safety valve prevents any overpressure in the housing 2.
The upper part of the main digestion chamber 7 is provided with a flip-flop baffle 21 at the outlet of the premix digestion chamber 5. The flip-flop 21 can be flipped open into the main digestion chamber 7 but not into the premix digestion chamber 5. The turning baffle 21 can prevent the steam generated by the main digestion chamber 7 from condensing and releasing heat in the premixing digestion chamber 5, or prevent the steam from being reversely led out of the feed inlet when steam explosion occurs. Meanwhile, the overturning baffle 21 can also ensure that the premixed digestion chamber 5 can discharge steam and release pressure to the main digestion chamber 7 when the steam production capacity is large under the fault. The bottom of the tailing digestion chamber 10 is provided with a plurality of stages of drying tuyeres 13 in front of the discharge hole 11. By utilizing the stirring loosening of the rotor and the waste heat of the slaked lime, a small amount of drying wind can carry away more water, so that the water content of the slaked lime at the outlet of the discharge port 11 is reduced, and the pulverization proportion is improved. In addition, the drying wind can utilize steam condensation heat release generated by digestion to indirectly preheat, so that the drying capacity is further improved, waste heat, condensed water and digestion auxiliary agents are recovered, and the production energy consumption and the material consumption are reduced.
The dry lime slaking device of the invention has the working principle that:
the quick lime enters the premixing digestion chamber 5 from a feed inlet 30, water with the water-ash molar ratio of 1-4 enters the premixing digestion chamber 5 from a water inlet 24, and the water are stirred by a spiral sheet 29 and a connecting blade 28 on the main rotor 1 which rotates, so that internal rapid circulation mixing is performed; the final solid material and the slurry forming the emulsified state are brought by the auger into the main digestion chamber 7.
The premixing digestion chamber 5 is characterized in that cold water is fed in, warm water is fed out, reaction heat is continuously carried out, and the heat release of the reaction is restrained, so that the material retention time can be increased, and the heat balance is kept; because of the rapid mixing action of the inner rotor in the premixing digestion chamber 5, the heat generated by the partial digestion reaction can be cooled in time through excessive water which does not participate in the reaction at an early stage, so that the chained development of the digestion reaction is restrained, the positive feedback formed by the partial temperature rise is avoided, the digestion speed is increased, and the excessive quicklime surface and inner pores are vaporized when the water penetration is not completed.
The solid material entering the main digestion chamber 7 completes the initial rapid water absorption and reaction stage, and is continuously stirred and mixed with emulsified slurry by each blade of the rotor; along with the progress of the water permeation and digestion reaction, the overall dimension of the solid phase and the free water quantity are accelerated to be reduced along the flow, and short-time gelatinized slurry and ultra-short thickened slurry are formed successively; after the temperature of the mixture is accelerated to be higher than 85 ℃, the digestion reaction is rapidly carried out to complete the instant conversion of most quicklime to slaked lime, part of water is consumed by the reaction, and part of water is vaporized and evaporated, so that the slurry is rapidly solidified and is continuously expanded, crushed or pulverized; because water permeates more to the surface and pores of the quicklime and most of steam is rapidly evaporated, the volume expansion and vaporization pressure effects of the quicklime can be fully utilized, the crystal is rapidly dehydrated and crystallized, the number of crystal nuclei is increased, the grain growth is limited, and the specific surface area and the porosity of the quicklime are remarkably improved.
Then the slaked lime material with expanded volume enters a tailing digestion chamber 10, and the residual digestion reaction is continuously carried out under the stirring of a blade, so that the digestion conversion rate is continuously improved, the heat generation and the waste heat are utilized to evaporate the redundant water adsorbed on the solid, and the solid material is greatly crushed; finally, qualified slaked lime crushed powder with lower water content and higher purity leaves the digestion device from the discharge port 11.
Steam generated in the digestion process continuously flows out of the shell 2 through a steam outlet at the top of the shell 2, and the pressure inside the device is maintained stable.
The foregoing detailed description of the invention has been presented for purposes of illustration and description, and it should be understood that the foregoing description is by way of illustration and not limitation, and any simple modification, equivalent variation and variation of the foregoing embodiments according to the technical principles of the invention are within the scope of the application.
Claims (9)
1. The dry lime slaking device is characterized by comprising a main rotor and a shell, wherein the main rotor is positioned in the shell, and two ends of the main rotor respectively penetrate through the shell and extend out of the shell;
the main rotor is sequentially provided with a hollow auger, a conical auger, a main digestion chamber blade and a tailing digestion chamber blade according to the material flow; the shell is sequentially provided with a premixing digestion chamber, a main digestion chamber and a tailing digestion chamber according to the material flow;
the premixing digestion chamber and the main rotor are coaxial, the lower half part of the premixing digestion chamber consists of a semi-cylinder body and a semi-conical cylinder body which are connected, the hollow auger is connected with the conical auger and is respectively and correspondingly positioned in the semi-cylinder and the semi-conical cylinder of the premixing digestion chamber;
the lower half part of the main digestion chamber is a semicircular cylinder coaxial with the main rotor, and the diameter of the lower half part is smaller than that of the semicircular cylinder of the premixing digestion chamber; the inlet of the premixing digestion chamber is connected with one end of a premixing rear transition section, and the other end of the premixing rear transition section is connected with the tail end of the semi-conical cylinder body of the premixing digestion chamber outlet; the main digestion chamber blades are positioned in the main digestion chamber and the post-premixing transition section;
the lower half part of the tailing digestion chamber is a semicircular cylinder coaxial with the main rotor, and the diameter of the lower half part is larger than that of the semicircular cylinder of the main digestion chamber; the inlet of the tailing digestion chamber is closely connected with the outlet of the main digestion chamber through a reducing connecting plate; the tailing digestion chamber paddles are positioned in the tailing digestion chamber;
the top of the shell is provided with a steam exhaust port; the top of the shell is positioned above the hollow auger and provided with a quicklime feed inlet; the tail end of the lower part of the tail digestion chamber is provided with a discharge port of slaked lime;
spiral sheets are arranged on the outer circumferences of the hollow auger and the conical auger, and 2-10 transverse paddles are connected to the top of the hollow auger and the conical auger; the section of the spiral sheet is rectangular, and the included angle between the spiral sheet and the axial direction is 65-85 degrees; the cross section of the transverse blade is shaped, the included angle between the blade at the front side part along the steering direction and the circumferential tangent line is 0-30 degrees, the front end reaches the outer diameter of the spiral sheet, and the rear end is inclined to the center of the rotor; the included angle between the rear part of the transverse blade along the steering direction and the radial direction is 0-30 degrees; the hollow auger is a 1-5-level spiral, 3-20 connecting paddles are circumferentially distributed at intervals, and the included angle between the connecting paddles and the axial direction is between-30 degrees and 30 degrees.
2. The dry lime slaking apparatus of claim 1, wherein the main slaking chamber blades are divided into a main slaking chamber primary blade, a main slaking chamber secondary blade, and a main slaking chamber tertiary blade in sequence along the material flow path; the included angle between the primary blade of the main digestion chamber and the axial direction is 45-70 degrees; the secondary blade of the main digestion chamber adopts a deformed section, the included angle between the front part blade and the axial direction along the steering direction is 70-90 degrees, and the included angle between the rear part blade and the axial direction along the steering direction is 10-30 degrees; and the included angle between the main digestion chamber three-stage blade and the axial direction is 65-80 degrees.
3. The dry lime slaking apparatus of claim 2, wherein the lower half of the post-premixing transition section is a cone, the small diameter end of the cone being connected to the outlet of the premixing digestion chamber; the primary blade of the main digestion chamber is positioned in the conical cylinder, and the outer diameter of the primary blade of the main digestion chamber axially changes along with the inner diameter of the conical cylinder.
4. The dry lime slaking apparatus of claim 1, wherein the tail slaking chamber blades include a tail slaking chamber main blade and a discharge counter blade; the included angle between the main blade of the tailing digestion chamber and the axial direction is 55-75 degrees; the discharging reverse blade is positioned at the tail end of the main rotor and above the rear part of the discharging port; and the included angle between the discharging reverse blade and the axial direction is 70-85 degrees.
5. The dry lime slaking apparatus according to claim 1, wherein an overflow weir is provided at a transition point from the main slaking chamber to the heel slaking chamber; a trash outlet is arranged at the bottom of the main digestion chamber in front of the overflow weir; an overflow weir front blade is arranged on the main rotor and positioned in front of the overflow weir, and the included angle between the overflow weir front blade and the axial direction is 80-90 degrees; a main digestion chamber final stage blade is arranged between the overflow weir front blade and the main digestion chamber blade, and the included angle between the main digestion chamber final stage blade and the axial direction is 70-85 degrees; and an overflow weir rear blade is arranged at the position, located behind the overflow weir, on the main rotor, and the included angle between the overflow weir rear blade and the axial direction is 65-80 degrees.
6. The dry lime slaking apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a water outlet is arranged on a side of the front end cover of the shell, which is upwards turned, of the rotor, a water inlet is arranged on a side of the front end cover of the shell, which is downwards turned, and a water inlet pipe is connected to the water inlet; the main digestion chamber is provided with a plurality of water distribution nozzles at intervals along the axial direction, the water distribution nozzles are connected to a water distribution main pipe through branch pipelines and control valves, the other end of the water distribution main pipe is connected with the water outlet, and the water distribution main pipe is provided with a shutoff valve and a slurry pump sequentially along the flow path; the back of the slurry pump is connected with a slurry circulating pipeline, the other end of the slurry circulating pipeline is connected to a water inlet pipe of the water inlet, and the slurry circulating pipeline is sequentially provided with a regulating valve and a slurry circulating cooler along the flow path.
7. The dry lime slaking apparatus according to claim 1, wherein semi-annular ribs are arranged on the lower semi-cylinder body of the premixing slaking chamber, and a cooling chamber is arranged outside the semi-annular ribs; an upper rotor is arranged above the main rotor, and multistage paddles are arranged in the main digestion chamber and the tailing digestion chamber; the main rotor and the upper rotor adopt the same type of blades and arrangement modes.
8. The dry lime slaking apparatus of claim 1, wherein a graded deflector is provided below the feed inlet and above the hollow auger.
9. The dry lime slaking apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a turning baffle is arranged at the outlet of the premixing slaking chamber at the upper part of the main slaking chamber, and a plurality of stages of drying tuyeres are arranged at the bottom of the tailing slaking chamber in front of the discharge hole.
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