CN116214238B - Automatic feeding and discharging device and machine tool - Google Patents
Automatic feeding and discharging device and machine tool Download PDFInfo
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- CN116214238B CN116214238B CN202310044048.1A CN202310044048A CN116214238B CN 116214238 B CN116214238 B CN 116214238B CN 202310044048 A CN202310044048 A CN 202310044048A CN 116214238 B CN116214238 B CN 116214238B
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- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 17
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 16
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000004308 accommodation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q7/00—Arrangements for handling work specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools, e.g. for conveying, loading, positioning, discharging, sorting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q7/00—Arrangements for handling work specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools, e.g. for conveying, loading, positioning, discharging, sorting
- B23Q7/006—Ejectors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q7/00—Arrangements for handling work specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools, e.g. for conveying, loading, positioning, discharging, sorting
- B23Q7/10—Arrangements for handling work specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools, e.g. for conveying, loading, positioning, discharging, sorting by means of magazines
- B23Q7/106—Arrangements for handling work specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, machine tools, e.g. for conveying, loading, positioning, discharging, sorting by means of magazines with means to deliver a certain quantity
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Turning (AREA)
- Feeding Of Workpieces (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model relates to an automatic feeding and discharging device and lathe belongs to industrial machine tool technical field, and the automatic feeding and discharging device of this disclosure includes feeding structure and ejection of compact structure. The feeding structure comprises a storage component, a material taking component and a driving component. The storage component comprises a blocking piece and a plate body formed with a containing groove, the plate body is obliquely arranged towards the material taking component, and the blocking piece is arranged at one end, close to the material taking component, of the containing groove. The material taking assembly comprises a material taking body, a material taking picking piece and a material taking groove, wherein the material taking picking piece is used for picking at least one columnar workpiece out of the containing groove. The driving assembly comprises a first driving piece and a second driving piece, the first driving piece is used for driving the material taking assembly to move to the elastic collet chuck on the lathe along a first direction, and the second driving piece is used for pushing the columnar workpiece to move along a second direction so that the columnar workpiece can be clamped by the elastic collet chuck. The discharging structure is arranged on one side of the elastic collet away from the feeding structure and is used for pushing out the columnar workpiece in the elastic collet.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the technical field of industrial machine tools, in particular to an automatic feeding and discharging device and a machine tool.
Background
At present, most of the feeding and discharging of the columnar workpiece are performed manually. Specifically, generally, an operator takes out a columnar workpiece from a feed box, then places the columnar workpiece into an elastic collet of a machine tool, so that the elastic collet clamps the columnar workpiece, then performs processing operation on the columnar workpiece, and takes out the processed columnar workpiece from the elastic collet in a manual discharging mode after the processing is completed.
Although, in the related art, some devices for automatically feeding and discharging materials for machine tools have been developed, for example, publication nos.: the Chinese patent of CN102248436B (automatic feeding device of machine tool and feeding control method thereof) proposes an automatic feeding device of machine tool, however, the structure and control program of the workpiece storage mechanism and the automatic feeding mechanism in the disclosed technical scheme are complex, so that the whole feeding process of the workpiece is complex, and the feeding reliability is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The disclosure aims to provide an automatic feeding and discharging device and a machine tool, wherein the automatic feeding and discharging device can be used for solving the technical problems in the related art.
In order to achieve the above object, according to a first aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided an automatic feeding and discharging device for a machine tool for processing a columnar workpiece, the automatic feeding and discharging device including a feeding structure and a discharging structure;
the feeding structure comprises a storage component, a material taking component and a driving component;
the storage assembly comprises a blocking piece and a plate body provided with a containing groove, wherein the containing groove is used for containing at least one columnar workpiece, the plate body is obliquely arranged towards the material taking assembly, and the blocking piece is arranged at one end, close to the material taking assembly, of the containing groove, so that the columnar workpiece in the containing groove can roll to one end, close to the material taking assembly, under the action of gravity and is abutted against the blocking piece;
the material taking assembly comprises a material taking body, a material taking picking piece arranged at one end of the material taking body close to the storage assembly, and a material taking groove arranged at one end of the material taking body far away from the storage assembly, wherein the material taking picking piece is used for picking at least one columnar workpiece out of the accommodating groove so that the columnar workpiece can roll into the material taking groove, and the material taking groove is used for accommodating the columnar workpiece;
the driving assembly comprises a first driving piece and a second driving piece, the first driving piece is used for driving the material taking assembly to move to an elastic collet chuck on the lathe along a first direction, the second driving piece is used for pushing the columnar workpiece to move along a second direction so that the columnar workpiece can be clamped by the elastic collet chuck, and the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other;
the discharging structure is arranged on one side, far away from the feeding structure, of the elastic collet chuck, and the discharging structure is used for pushing out the columnar workpiece in the elastic collet chuck.
Optionally, the blocking piece includes first blocking piece and second blocking piece, first blocking piece with the second blocking piece all is located in the storage tank, just first blocking piece with the second blocking piece set up respectively in on two opposite lateral walls of storage tank.
Optionally, a distance L1 between an upper surface of the first blocking piece and a bottom surface of the accommodating groove satisfies:
0.1D≤L1≤0.3D；
and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the interval L2 between the upper surface of the second blocking piece and the bottom surface of the accommodating groove meets the following conditions:
0.1D≤L2≤0.3D；
wherein D is the diameter of the columnar workpiece.
Optionally, the material taking and picking piece comprises a connecting part and a picking part, one end of the connecting part is connected with the material taking body, the other end of the connecting part is connected with the picking part, the width of the picking part is smaller than or equal to the interval between the first blocking block and the second blocking block, and the picking part is used for extending into the accommodating groove and contacting with the bottom of the columnar workpiece in the accommodating groove;
the material taking and picking piece and the accommodating groove are arranged in the same direction, and the height of the highest point of the picking piece part is equal to or greater than that of the highest point of the blocking piece.
Optionally, the bottom surface of the picking part is formed as an inclined surface or an arc surface.
Optionally, the material taking assembly further includes a third driving member, the third driving member is disposed at the bottom of the material taking body, and the third driving member is used for driving the material taking body to move in the vertical direction.
Optionally, the discharging structure is formed into a collet chuck pulling tube, the collet chuck pulling tube comprises an ejector rod, a pressure spring nut, a compression spring and a fixing rod, one end of the ejector rod is used for propping against the elastic collet chuck, the other end of the ejector rod is arranged in the pressure spring nut in a penetrating mode, the compression spring is arranged between the pressure spring nut and the fixing rod, and the pressure spring nut is in threaded connection with the fixing rod so that the compression spring can be compressed between the pressure spring nut and the fixing rod.
Optionally, the automatic feeding and discharging device further comprises a control unit and a direction selecting structure arranged at one end of the plate body, which is far away from the material taking assembly;
the direction selecting structure comprises a main body, a fourth driving piece connected with the bottom of the main body and a supporting component connected with the top of the main body, wherein the fourth driving piece is used for driving the main body to rotate in the horizontal direction, the supporting component comprises a first supporting piece and a second supporting piece which are arranged on two opposite sides of the top of the main body, the first supporting piece and the second supporting piece are respectively used for propping against two ends of a columnar workpiece, a first pressure sensor is arranged between the first supporting piece and the main body, and a second pressure sensor is arranged between the second supporting piece and the main body;
the control unit is electrically connected with the fourth driving piece, the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor respectively.
Optionally, the direction selecting structure further includes two fifth driving pieces, the two fifth driving pieces are respectively disposed at bottoms of the first supporting piece and the second supporting piece, and the fifth driving pieces are respectively used for driving the first supporting piece and the second supporting piece to rotate in a vertical direction, so that columnar workpieces supported by the first supporting piece and the second supporting piece can roll to the accommodating groove.
According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, there is also provided a machine tool, which includes a control unit and the automatic feeding and discharging device in any one of the above technical solutions, where the control unit is electrically connected to the driving assembly.
Through above-mentioned technical scheme, on the one hand, the storage subassembly of this disclosure only needs including plate body and the blocking member that is provided with the holding groove can accomplish the storage and the removal of the columnar work piece of waiting to process, not only simple structure can restrict the columnar work piece of waiting to process in the holding inslot steadily moreover, is favorable to promoting the storage of storage subassembly and transporting the reliability of columnar work piece, simultaneously, the gravity of the storage subassembly of this disclosure utilization columnar work piece itself is as the power of its removal, need not to set up drive arrangement among the relevant art, not only can simplify the structure, but also be favorable to the energy saving. On the other hand, the material taking picking piece in the material taking assembly can take the columnar workpiece out of the accommodating groove, and the taken columnar workpiece is placed in the material taking groove, so that the columnar workpiece can be processed in the subsequent working procedure. In still another aspect, the driving assembly disclosed herein can move the columnar workpiece to be processed to the elastic collet of the machine tool only by linear movement, which has low requirements for related control procedures, is beneficial to reducing the complexity of the control procedures, and can effectively improve the reliability of feeding. In addition, the discharging structure is arranged on one side, far away from the feeding structure, of the elastic collet, and after machining is completed, namely the elastic collet is released from a fixed state for the columnar workpiece, the discharging structure can easily complete discharging work.
In addition, compared with the mode of manually feeding and discharging in the related art, the automatic feeding and discharging device disclosed by the invention can realize automatic feeding and discharging of the columnar workpiece, so that the labor intensity of operators can be reduced, the safety problem of the operators during feeding and discharging is avoided, and the safety of the operators is improved; moreover, due to the fact that the automatic feeding and discharging device can reduce the labor intensity of operators, the plurality of automatic feeding and discharging devices can be controlled by one operator at the same time, and the machining efficiency can be improved more effectively.
Additional features and advantages of the present disclosure will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain, but do not limit the disclosure. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of an automatic feeding and discharging device according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein the automatic feeding and discharging device is in a starting state, and further, a part of a machine tool and a plurality of columnar workpieces are shown;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of an automatic feeding and discharging device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein the automatic feeding and discharging device is in the process of feeding, and further, a part of a machine tool and a plurality of columnar workpieces are shown;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of an automatic feeding and discharging device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein the automatic feeding and discharging device is in a loading completion state, and further, a part of a machine tool and a plurality of columnar workpieces are shown;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a storage component provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, wherein a direction-selective structure is also shown;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of a partial structure at A in FIG. 4;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged schematic view of a partial structure at B in FIG. 4;
fig. 7 is a structural exploded view of a outfeed structure provided by one embodiment of the present disclosure.
Description of the reference numerals
100-machine tool; 101-an elastic collet; 200-columnar workpieces; 1-a feeding structure; 11-a storage component; 111-a barrier; 1111—a first stop block; 1112-a second stop; 112-plate body; 1121-a receiving groove; 12-a material taking assembly; 121-a take-off body; 122-taking materials and picking sheets; 1221-a connection; 1222-a picker portion; 123-a material taking groove; 13-a drive assembly; 131-a first driver; 132-a second driver; 2-a discharging structure; 21-an ejector rod; 22-a compression spring nut; 23-compressing the spring; 24-fixing rod; 25-adjusting the rod; 3-selecting a direction structure; 31-a body; 32-fourth drive member; 33-a support assembly; 331-a first support; 332-a second support; 34-a first pressure sensor; 35-a second pressure sensor; 36-fifth drive member.
Detailed Description
Specific embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating and illustrating the disclosure, are not intended to limit the disclosure.
In the present disclosure, unless otherwise stated, terms such as "top", "bottom", etc. refer to the top and the top defined in the use state of the automatic feeding and discharging device of the present disclosure, and the portion near the upper side is the top and the portion near the lower side is the bottom. Terms of orientation such as "inner and outer" are used to refer to the inner and outer of a particular structural profile. The use of sequential words such as "first," "second," etc. is merely for distinguishing between multiple elements and not for representing a sequential or important nature.
Additionally, the above-used directional terms are merely used to facilitate description of the present disclosure, and are not meant to indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operate in a particular orientation, and are not to be construed as limiting the present disclosure.
Referring to fig. 1 to 7, according to a first aspect of the present disclosure, the present disclosure provides an automatic feeding and discharging device which may be adapted to a machine tool 100 for processing a cylindrical workpiece 200, and may include a feeding structure 1 and a discharging structure 2. The loading structure 1 may include a storage assembly 11, a take-out assembly 12, and a drive assembly 13.
The storage assembly 11 may include a blocking member 111 and a plate 112 formed with a receiving slot 1121, where the receiving slot 1121 may be used to receive at least one columnar workpiece 200 (e.g., a columnar sleeve), the plate 112 is disposed obliquely toward the material taking assembly 12, and the blocking member 111 is disposed at an end of the receiving slot 1121 near the material taking assembly 12, so that the columnar workpiece 200 in the receiving slot can roll to an end near the material taking assembly 12 under the action of gravity and abut against the blocking member 111. The material taking assembly 12 may include a material taking body 121, a material taking picking piece 122 disposed at one end of the material taking body 121 near the storage assembly 11, and a material taking groove 123 disposed at one end of the material taking body 121 far away from the storage assembly 11, where the material taking picking piece 122 is used for picking at least one columnar workpiece 200 out of the accommodating groove 1121, so that the columnar workpiece 200 can roll into the material taking groove 123, and the material taking groove 123 is used for accommodating the columnar workpiece 200. The drive assembly 13 may include a first drive member 131 for driving the take-off assembly 12 in a first direction to the resilient collet 101 on the lathe and a second drive member 132 for pushing the cylindrical workpiece 200 in a second direction to enable the cylindrical workpiece 200 to be gripped by the resilient collet 101, wherein the first and second directions are perpendicular to each other. In addition, the discharging structure 2 of the present disclosure may be disposed on a side of the elastic collet 101 away from the feeding structure 1, and the discharging structure 2 is used for pushing out the columnar workpiece 200 in the elastic collet 101.
Through the above technical scheme, in one aspect, the storage component 11 of the disclosure only needs to include the plate 112 provided with the accommodating groove 1121 and the blocking piece 111 to finish the storage and movement of the columnar workpiece 200 to be processed, so that the structure is simple, the columnar workpiece 200 to be processed can be stably limited in the accommodating groove 1121, the reliability of the storage component 11 in storage and transportation of the columnar workpiece 200 is facilitated to be improved, and meanwhile, the storage component 11 of the disclosure utilizes the gravity of the columnar workpiece 200 as the power for movement thereof, and a driving device in the related art is not required to be arranged, so that the structure can be simplified, and the energy saving is facilitated. In another aspect, the pick 122 of the pick assembly 12 of the present disclosure may remove the cylindrical workpiece 200 from the receiving slot 1121 and place the removed cylindrical workpiece 200 in the pick slot 123, which is advantageous for subsequent processing of the cylindrical workpiece 200. In yet another aspect, the driving assembly 13 of the present disclosure can move the cylindrical workpiece 200 to be processed to the elastic collet 101 of the machine tool 100 only by linear movement, which has low requirements for related control procedures, is beneficial to reducing the complexity of the control procedures, and can effectively improve the reliability of feeding. In addition, the discharging structure 2 of the present disclosure is disposed at a side of the elastic collet 101 away from the feeding structure 1, and the discharging structure 2 can easily complete the discharging work after the processing is completed, i.e., after the elastic collet 101 is released from the fixed state with respect to the columnar workpiece 200.
In addition, compared with the mode of manually feeding and discharging in the related art, the automatic feeding and discharging device disclosed by the invention can realize automatic feeding and discharging of the columnar workpiece 200, so that the labor intensity of operators can be reduced, the safety problem of the operators during feeding and discharging is avoided, and the safety of the operators is improved; moreover, because the automatic feeding and discharging device can reduce the labor intensity of operators, the processing efficiency can be effectively improved by controlling a plurality of automatic feeding and discharging devices simultaneously by one operator (for example, controlling 4 automatic feeding and discharging devices simultaneously by one operator).
It should be noted that, the specific structural dimensions of the plate 112 and the accommodating groove 1121 of the present disclosure may be adjusted according to the structural dimensions of the columnar workpiece 200 to be processed, so that the columnar workpiece 200 to be processed may roll in the accommodating groove 1121 in sequence by gravity relatively smoothly, and may not fall out of the accommodating groove 1121 from the side, and the structural dimensions of the plate 112 and the accommodating groove 1121 are not particularly limited in the present disclosure. The inclination angle of the plate 112 of the present disclosure may be determined comprehensively according to factors such as the size, the processing speed, the weight, etc. of the columnar workpiece 200, and the inclination angle of the plate 112 of the present disclosure is not particularly limited.
Further, in the present disclosure, the first driving member 131 and the second driving member 132 have various possible embodiments, such as a linear motor, a hydraulic driving device, an air pressure driving device, a driving device in which a rotating motor is engaged with a ball screw, a driving device in the form of a gear rack driving device, etc., and the present disclosure is not limited to the specific types of the first driving member 131 and the second driving member 132.
In the present disclosure, a first direction refers to a direction of a line between the take-off assembly 12 and the resilient collet 101, for example, as may be seen in fig. 1-3. The second direction refers to a direction of a line between the take-out groove 123 and the elastic collet 101 when the take-out groove 123 is aligned with the elastic collet 101 (or, it is also understood that a direction of a central axis of the take-out groove 123 or a direction of a central axis of the elastic collet 101 when the take-out groove 123 is aligned with the elastic collet 101), for example, as shown in fig. 1 to 3.
The working process or working principle of the automatic feeding and discharging device of the present disclosure will be described below with reference to fig. 1 to 3: fig. 1 shows an initial state of the automatic feeding and discharging device of the present disclosure, in which all the cylindrical workpieces 200 to be processed are sequentially stacked in the receiving slot 1121, the lowermost cylindrical workpiece 200 and the blocking member 111 are abutted against each other, when it is required to start processing the cylindrical workpiece 200, the material taking assembly 12 takes the lowermost cylindrical workpiece 200 in the receiving slot 1121 out of the receiving slot 1121 and positions it in the material taking slot 123, and then the first driving member 131 drives the material taking assembly 12 to move in the first direction until the material taking slot 123 is aligned with the elastic collet 101 on the machine tool 100 (as shown in fig. 2); then, the second driving member 132 pushes the cylindrical work 200 to move in the second direction and is inserted into the elastic collet 101 (as shown in fig. 3). At this time, the machine tool 100 is started to machine the columnar workpiece 200. After the cylindrical workpiece 200 is processed, the discharging structure 2 is started, and the processed cylindrical workpiece 200 is pushed out of the elastic collet 101.
It will be appreciated that in the present disclosure, a receiving device or structure may be provided for collecting the processed columnar work pieces 200 after the discharging structure 2 pushes the processed columnar work pieces 200 out of the elastic collet 101, and for this receiving device or structure, there are various embodiments, such as a barrel-shaped receiving device, a box-shaped receiving device, a conveyor-shaped receiving device, and the like, which are not particularly limited in the present disclosure.
In the present disclosure, the barrier 111 has various embodiments, for example, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, in one exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the barrier 111 of the present disclosure may include a first barrier 1111 and a second barrier 1112, each of the first barrier 1111 and the second barrier 1112 being located within the receiving groove 1121, and the first barrier 1111 and the second barrier 1112 being disposed on opposite sidewalls of the receiving groove 1121, respectively. In this way, the first blocking piece 1111 and the second blocking piece 1112 can not only effectively perform a stopping function for the columnar work 200 to be processed, but also effectively ensure stability of the columnar work 200 in the accommodation groove 1121 so that it is not easily deflected in direction.
Further, it is understood that the first barrier 1111 and the second barrier 1112 of the present disclosure may have a gap therebetween to facilitate the extraction of material from the gap by the material extraction assembly 12.
In another embodiment of the present disclosure, the blocking member 111 of the present disclosure may be formed in a bar-shaped structure and provided with the bottom of the receiving groove 1121, so that an effective stop for the cylindrical work 200 can be also achieved.
To facilitate removal of the columnar workpiece 200 from the receiving slot 1121 by the take out assembly 12, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, the spacing L1 between the upper surface of the first barrier 1111 of the present disclosure and the bottom surface of the receiving slot 1121 satisfies:
0.1D≤L1≤0.3D；
and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the interval L2 between the upper surface of the second barrier 1112 and the bottom surface of the accommodation groove 1121 satisfies:
0.1D≤L2≤0.3D；
where D is the diameter of the cylindrical workpiece 200.
In this way, after the space between the upper surface of the first blocking block 1111 and/or the second blocking block 1112 and the bottom surface of the accommodating groove 1121 meets the above formula, on the basis that the blocking member 111 can achieve an effective stop for the columnar workpiece 200, the material taking assembly 12 is also convenient to take the columnar workpiece 200 from the accommodating groove 1121 (that is, after the material taking assembly 12 is convenient to lift the columnar workpiece 200 a certain distance relative to the bottom surface of the accommodating groove 1121, the upper surface of the first blocking block 1111 and/or the second blocking block 1112 can pass over and roll into the material taking groove 123, thereby being beneficial to reducing the material taking difficulty of the material taking assembly 12 and facilitating the material taking assembly 12 to take the columnar workpiece 200 out of the accommodating groove 1121.
In the present disclosure, the take-off tab 122 may have various embodiments. For example, in one exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the pick-out tab 122 of the present disclosure may include a connection part 1221 and a tab part 1222, one end of the connection part 1221 being connected with the pick-out body 121, the other end of the connection part 1221 being connected with the tab part 1222, the tab part 1222 having a width less than or equal to a distance between the first barrier 1111 and the second barrier 1112, the tab part 1222 being adapted to extend into the receiving groove 1121 and to contact the bottom of the columnar workpiece 200 within the receiving groove 1121; wherein, the material taking tab 122 is disposed in the same direction as the receiving groove 1121, and the height of the highest point of the tab portion 1222 is equal to or greater than the height of the highest point of the barrier 111.
Like this, the material taking picking piece 122 of the present disclosure may extend into the accommodating groove 1121 and contact with the bottom of the columnar workpiece 200 under the driving of the first driving piece 131, so that the columnar workpiece 200 is lifted up by a certain height, so that the columnar workpiece 200 passes over the blocking piece 111, passes over the top of the material taking picking piece 122, and then rolls into the material taking groove 123.
In this embodiment, the bottom surface of the picker portion 1222 of the present disclosure may be formed as a slope or an arc surface. Thus, the take-out tab 122 is smoothly inserted into the receiving groove 1121, and does not collide with the bottom of the receiving groove 1121 in space.
In this embodiment, the reclaiming assembly 12 of the present disclosure may further include a third driving member (not shown), which may be disposed at the bottom of the reclaiming body 121, for driving the reclaiming body 121 to move in the vertical direction. The third driving member can make the material taking body 121 move in the vertical direction, so that the material taking picking piece 122 can rise a certain distance in the vertical direction, so that the material taking picking piece 122 can take the columnar workpiece 200 out of the accommodating groove 1121 more smoothly.
In another embodiment of the present disclosure, the picking blade 122 of the present disclosure may be further formed as a magnetic attraction member, and in particular, the picking blade 122 may include a mounting portion and a magnetic attraction portion (for example, an electromagnetically controlled magnetic attraction structure), and the third driving member (the third driving member is used for driving the picking body 121 to move in a vertical direction), where one end of the mounting portion is connected to the picking body 121, and the other end of the mounting portion is connected to the magnetic attraction portion, and the width of the magnetic attraction portion is smaller than or equal to the interval between the first blocking piece 1111 and the second blocking piece 1112, and the magnetic attraction portion is used for extending into the accommodating groove 1121 and contacting the side surface of the columnar workpiece 200 in the accommodating groove 1121 so as to adsorb the columnar workpiece 200. In this way, the columnar work 200 can be smoothly taken out from the accommodation groove 1121.
In the present disclosure, the outfeed structure 2 of the present disclosure may have a variety of embodiments. For example, in one exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 7, the discharging structure 2 of the present disclosure may be formed as a collet pulling tube including an ejector rod 21, a compression spring nut 22, a compression spring 23, and a fixing rod 24, one end of the ejector rod 21 being for abutting against the elastic collet 101, the other end of the ejector rod 21 being penetrated into the compression spring nut 22, the compression spring 23 being disposed between the compression spring nut 22 and the fixing rod 24, the compression spring nut 22 being screw-coupled with the fixing rod 24 such that the compression spring 23 can be compressed between the compression spring nut 22 and the fixing rod 24.
In this way, after the cylindrical work 200 is processed, the elastic collet 101 releases the fixed state of the cylindrical work 200, and then the compression spring 23 is released by releasing the compression spring nut 22, and the compression spring 23 moves the ejector rod 21 in the direction of the cylindrical work 200, so that the cylindrical work 200 can be ejected from the elastic collet 101.
Furthermore, it will be appreciated that in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, the collet pull tube of the present disclosure may further include an adjustment rod 25, the adjustment rod 25 being disposed between the ejector rod 21 and the compression spring nut 22 to enable adjustment of the ejection length and position of the ejector rod 21.
In another embodiment of the present disclosure, the discharging structure 2 of the present disclosure may also be implemented by other linear driving mechanisms or devices, for example, linear driving mechanisms or devices such as a linear motor, a hydraulic driving device, an air pressure driving device, a driving device in which a rotating motor is matched with a ball screw, a rack-and-pinion driving device, and the like.
In the actual production process, because the structures at the two ends of the columnar workpiece are different, the corresponding processing modes are different, and the directions of the columnar workpiece are required to be distinguished before the columnar workpiece is placed in the accommodating groove, so that the columnar workpiece can have the correct direction after being clamped by the elastic collet chuck.
In view of this, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 6, the automatic feeding and discharging device of the present disclosure may further include a control unit, and a direction selecting structure 3 disposed at an end of the plate 112 away from the material taking assembly 12. The direction selecting structure 3 of the present disclosure may include a main body 31, a fourth driving member 32 connected to the bottom of the main body 31, and a supporting assembly 33 connected to the top of the main body 31, the fourth driving member 32 being configured to drive the main body 31 to rotate in a horizontal direction, the supporting assembly 33 including a first supporting member 331 and a second supporting member 332 disposed at opposite sides of the top of the main body 31, the first supporting member 331 and the second supporting member 332 being configured to prop against both ends of the columnar workpiece 200, respectively, a first pressure sensor 34 being disposed between the first supporting member 331 and the main body 31, and a second pressure sensor 35 being disposed between the second supporting member 332 and the main body 31; the control unit is electrically connected to the fourth drive member 32, the first pressure sensor 34 and the second pressure sensor 35, respectively.
In this way, since the structures of the two ends of the columnar workpiece 200 are different, the pressures applied to the first support 331 and the second support 332 bearing the two ends are different, and the control unit determines the two ends of the columnar workpiece 200 by identifying the pressure values obtained by the first pressure sensor 34 and the second pressure sensor 35, so that the direction of the columnar workpiece 200 can be distinguished. When the current direction of the columnar workpiece 200 does not meet the requirement, the control unit can start the fourth driving member 32 to rotate the main body 31 by 180 degrees, so that the first supporting member 331 and the second supporting member 332 arranged on the main body 31 can be driven to correspondingly rotate, and the positions are exchanged, so that the direction of the columnar workpiece 200 is adjusted.
Compared with the prior art, for example, the method of identifying the whole image or specific feature points of the columnar workpiece 200 by using the image acquisition device, so that the judgment of the direction of the columnar workpiece 200 is realized, the method utilizes the different structures at the two ends of the columnar workpiece 200 and the corresponding weights, and the direction of the columnar workpiece 200 is identified by judging the magnitudes of the pressure values of the first pressure sensor 34 and the second pressure sensor 35, so that the related structure of the method is simpler, the judgment accuracy is higher (the image identification needs to be subjected to multiple parameter setting and multiple algorithm learning, the accuracy of the parameter setting and the learning degree of the algorithm have great influence on the judgment accuracy, and the judgment error is easier to occur because the structures at the two ends of the columnar workpiece are similar).
In order to facilitate rapid feeding of the columnar workpiece 200 having determined the direction in the direction selecting structure 3 into the receiving groove 1121, in one embodiment of the present disclosure, as shown in fig. 6, the direction selecting structure 3 of the present disclosure may further include two fifth driving members 36, the two fifth driving members 36 being disposed at bottoms of the first supporting member 331 and the second supporting member 332, respectively, and the fifth driving members 36 being used to drive the first supporting member 331 and the second supporting member 332 to rotate in a vertical direction, respectively, so that the columnar workpiece 200 supported by the first supporting member 331 and the second supporting member 332 can roll to the receiving groove 1121.
In this way, the columnar workpiece 200 with the well-determined direction through the direction selecting structure 3 can rapidly and smoothly roll into the accommodating groove 1121 under the action of the fifth driving piece 36, so as to facilitate the processing of the subsequent process.
According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, there is also provided a machine tool 100, the machine tool 100 comprising a control unit and an automatic feeding and discharging device according to any one of the above-mentioned aspects, the control unit being electrically connected to the drive assembly 13.
Like this, lathe 100 of this disclosure has automatic feed and discharge device to, this automatic feed and discharge device's simple structure, operation process is succinct, and control unit's control procedure is also comparatively simple, not only can realize automatic feed and discharge, and the reliability is higher moreover.
The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications may be made to the technical solutions of the present disclosure within the scope of the technical concept of the present disclosure, and all the simple modifications belong to the protection scope of the present disclosure.
In addition, the specific features described in the foregoing embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner, and in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present disclosure does not further describe various possible combinations.
Moreover, any combination between the various embodiments of the present disclosure is possible as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present disclosure, which should also be construed as the disclosure of the present disclosure.
Claims (9)
1. An automatic feeding and discharging device is characterized by a machine tool (100) for processing a columnar workpiece (200), and comprises a feeding structure (1) and a discharging structure (2);
the feeding structure (1) comprises a storage component (11), a material taking component (12) and a driving component (13);
the storage assembly (11) comprises a blocking piece (111) and a plate body (112) provided with a containing groove (1121), the containing groove (1121) is used for containing at least one columnar workpiece (200), the plate body (112) is obliquely arranged towards the material taking assembly (12), and the blocking piece (111) is arranged at one end, close to the material taking assembly (12), of the containing groove (1121), so that the columnar workpiece (200) in the containing groove (1121) can roll to one end, close to the material taking assembly (12), under the action of gravity and is propped against the blocking piece (111);
the material taking assembly (12) comprises a material taking body (121), a material taking picking piece (122) arranged at one end of the material taking body (121) close to the storage assembly (11), and a material taking groove (123) arranged at one end of the material taking body (121) far away from the storage assembly (11), wherein the material taking picking piece (122) is used for picking at least one columnar workpiece (200) from the accommodating groove (1121) so that the columnar workpiece (200) can roll into the material taking groove (123), and the material taking groove (123) is used for accommodating the columnar workpiece (200);
the driving assembly (13) comprises a first driving piece (131) and a second driving piece (132), the first driving piece (131) is used for driving the material taking assembly (12) to move to an elastic collet chuck on a lathe along a first direction, and the second driving piece (132) is used for pushing the columnar workpiece (200) to move along a second direction so that the columnar workpiece (200) can be clamped by the elastic collet chuck, wherein the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other;
the discharging structure (2) is arranged on one side of the elastic collet away from the feeding structure (1), and the discharging structure (2) is used for pushing out a columnar workpiece (200) in the elastic collet;
the automatic feeding and discharging device further comprises a control unit and a direction selecting structure (3) arranged at one end, far away from the material taking assembly (12), of the plate body (112);
the direction selecting structure (3) comprises a main body (31), a fourth driving piece (32) connected with the bottom of the main body (31) and a supporting component (33) connected with the top of the main body (31), wherein the fourth driving piece (32) is used for driving the main body (31) to rotate in the horizontal direction, the supporting component (33) comprises a first supporting piece (331) and a second supporting piece (332) which are arranged on two opposite sides of the top of the main body (31), the first supporting piece (331) and the second supporting piece (332) are respectively used for propping against two ends of a columnar workpiece (200), a first pressure sensor (34) is arranged between the first supporting piece (331) and the main body (31), and a second pressure sensor (35) is arranged between the second supporting piece (332) and the main body (31);
the control unit is electrically connected to the fourth drive member (32), the first pressure sensor (34) and the second pressure sensor (35), respectively.
2. The automatic feeding and discharging device according to claim 1, wherein the blocking member (111) comprises a first blocking piece (1111) and a second blocking piece (1112), the first blocking piece (1111) and the second blocking piece (1112) are both located in the accommodating groove (1121), and the first blocking piece (1111) and the second blocking piece (1112) are respectively disposed on two opposite side walls of the accommodating groove (1121).
3. The automatic feeding and discharging device according to claim 2, wherein a distance L1 between an upper surface of the first blocking piece (1111) and a bottom surface of the receiving groove (1121) satisfies:
0.1D≤L1≤0.3D；
and/or the number of the groups of groups,
the distance L2 between the upper surface of the second blocking piece (1112) and the bottom surface of the accommodating groove (1121) satisfies:
0.1D≤L2≤0.3D；
wherein D is the diameter of the columnar work piece (200).
4. The automatic feeding and discharging device according to claim 2, wherein the feeding and discharging picking piece (122) comprises a connecting portion (1221) and a picking piece portion (1222), one end of the connecting portion (1221) is connected with the feeding and discharging body (121), the other end of the connecting portion (1221) is connected with the picking piece portion (1222), the width of the picking piece portion (1222) is smaller than or equal to the interval between the first blocking piece (1111) and the second blocking piece (1112), and the picking piece portion (1222) is used for extending into the accommodating groove (1121) and contacting with the bottom of the columnar workpiece (200) in the accommodating groove (1121);
the material taking and picking piece (122) and the accommodating groove (1121) are arranged in the same direction, and the height of the highest point of the picking piece part (1222) is equal to or greater than that of the highest point of the blocking piece (111).
5. The automatic feeding and discharging device according to claim 4, wherein a bottom surface of said picking part (1222) is formed as a slant surface or an arc surface.
6. The automatic feeding and discharging device according to claim 4, wherein the material taking assembly (12) further comprises a third driving member, the third driving member is disposed at the bottom of the material taking body (121), and the third driving member is used for driving the material taking body (121) to move in the vertical direction.
7. The automatic feeding and discharging device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the discharging structure (2) is formed as a collet pulling tube comprising an ejector rod (21), a compression spring nut (22), a compression spring (23) and a fixing rod (24), one end of the ejector rod (21) is used for abutting against an elastic collet, the other end of the ejector rod (21) is arranged in the compression spring nut (22) in a penetrating way, the compression spring (23) is arranged between the compression spring nut (22) and the fixing rod (24), and the compression spring nut (22) is in threaded connection with the fixing rod (24) so that the compression spring (23) can be compressed between the compression spring nut (22) and the fixing rod (24).
8. The automatic feeding and discharging device according to claim 1, wherein the direction selecting structure (3) further comprises two fifth driving members (36), the two fifth driving members (36) are respectively arranged at the bottoms of the first supporting member (331) and the second supporting member (332), and the fifth driving members (36) are respectively used for driving the first supporting member (331) and the second supporting member (332) to rotate in the vertical direction so that the columnar workpieces (200) supported by the first supporting member (331) and the second supporting member (332) can roll to the accommodating groove (1121).
9. A machine tool (100) characterized by comprising a control unit and an automatic feeding and discharging device according to any one of claims 1-8, said control unit being electrically connected to said drive assembly (13).
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| CN202310044048.1A CN116214238B (en) | 2023-01-29 | 2023-01-29 | Automatic feeding and discharging device and machine tool |
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