CN116213546A - Punching device adapting to different apertures and hole pitches - Google Patents

Abstract

The application relates to a punching device adapting to different apertures and hole distances, and relates to the technical field of metal processing equipment, wherein the punching device comprises a punch, a punching mechanism is arranged on the punch, and a moving mechanism is arranged on the punching mechanism; the punch comprises a first shaft, a second shaft and a third shaft, wherein the first shaft is inserted in the second shaft, the first shaft is in sliding connection with the inner wall of the second shaft, the second shaft is inserted in the third shaft, and the second shaft is in sliding connection with the inner wall of the third shaft; the punch one side interval is provided with the layer board, has seted up first hole on the layer board, and first downthehole grafting has first support cover, and first support cover and first hole inner wall sliding connection has seted up the second hole on the first support cover, and the downthehole grafting of second has the second to support the cover, and second supports cover and second hole inner wall sliding connection, has seted up the third hole on the second support cover. The setting that adopts first axle, second shaft and third axle of drift in this application can use a drift to punch out the hole in three kinds of different apertures, has reduced multi-aperture punching processing cost.

Description

Punching device adapting to different apertures and hole pitches

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of metal processing equipment, in particular to a punching device adapting to different apertures and hole distances.

Background

The punching machine is a mechanical device for finishing punching by using a punching die to act on a material under the drive of a power mechanism after the raw material is installed. The punching machine may perform operations of sheet processing, stamping, embossing, etc. to force the metal into the die.

Currently, punching machines are generally composed of two parts: working parts (upper and lower dies, tools); a power section (hydraulic pump or manual). And if yes, the hydraulic oil cylinder comprises a cylinder.

Aiming at the related technology, the common punching machine only has one punch, namely, the single-size hole can be processed, and when holes with various different apertures are required to be punched, the punch needs to be replaced manually; although the existing numerical control machine tool and numerical control machining center can automatically change the tool to process holes with various apertures, the existing numerical control machine tool and numerical control machining center are too high in price and are difficult for some smaller factories to bear.

Disclosure of Invention

The purpose of this application is to provide a die-cut device that can adapt to different apertures and pitch of holes that reduces equipment cost.

The application provides a die-cut device of adaptation different apertures and pitch of holes adopts following technical scheme:

the punching device suitable for the different apertures and the hole distances comprises a punch, wherein a punching mechanism is arranged on the punch, and a moving mechanism is arranged on the punching mechanism; the punch comprises a first shaft, a second shaft and a third shaft, wherein the first shaft is inserted in the second shaft, the first shaft is in sliding connection with the inner wall of the second shaft, the second shaft is inserted in the third shaft, and the second shaft is in sliding connection with the inner wall of the third shaft; the punch comprises a punch body, and is characterized in that a supporting plate is arranged at one side of the punch at intervals, a first hole is formed in the supporting plate, a first supporting sleeve is inserted in the first hole, the first supporting sleeve is in sliding connection with the inner wall of the first hole, a second hole is formed in the first supporting sleeve, a second supporting sleeve is inserted in the second hole, the second supporting sleeve is in sliding connection with the inner wall of the second hole, and a third hole is formed in the second supporting sleeve; the first shaft, the second shaft, the third shaft, the first hole, the second hole and the third hole are coaxially arranged.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the position that the setting of moving mechanism made the drift can change, and punching press mechanism's setting provides the power of blanking for punching a hole.

The first shaft in the punch is in sliding connection with the second shaft, and the second shaft is in sliding connection with the third shaft, so that when the first shaft extends out of the second shaft and the second shaft extends out of the third shaft, the first shaft can be used for punching; when the first shaft is retracted into the second shaft and the second shaft extends out of the third shaft, the second shaft can be used for punching; when the first shaft is retracted into the second shaft and the second shaft is retracted into the third shaft, punching can be performed by the third shaft; the three-aperture holes can be punched by adopting one punch, so that the production cost is reduced.

The first hole, the second hole and the third hole on the supporting plate are correspondingly formed, so that the hole, which is right opposite to the punch, on the supporting plate can be selected to be the first hole, the second hole or the third hole through sliding the first supporting sleeve and the second supporting sleeve, the supporting plate can be adjusted according to the change of the punch, the shafts with three diameters can correspond to the corresponding holes with three diameters, and therefore the processing quality of the punched holes on the plate can be improved.

Optionally, a first annular groove and a second annular groove are arranged on the inner side wall of the second shaft at intervals along the axial direction, a first sliding groove is formed in the inner side wall of the second shaft along the axial direction, and the first annular groove and the second annular groove are mutually communicated through the first sliding groove; the first sliding block is arranged on the outer side wall of the first shaft and is in sliding connection with the first annular groove, the second annular groove and the inner wall of the first sliding groove.

By adopting the technical scheme, the first sliding block and the first sliding groove are arranged, so that the first shaft and the second shaft can slide mutually, and the sliding distance between the first shaft and the second shaft can be limited; the first ring groove and the second ring groove are formed, the first shaft and the second shaft can be locked, when the first sliding block is inserted into the first ring groove, the lower end faces of the first shaft and the second shaft are mutually parallel and level, and at the moment, a hole with a medium aperture can be punched; when the first sliding block is inserted into the second annular groove, the lower end of the first shaft extends out of the second shaft, and a hole with the smallest aperture can be punched.

Optionally, a third annular groove and a fourth annular groove are arranged on the inner side wall of the third shaft at intervals along the axial direction, a second sliding groove is arranged on the inner side wall of the third shaft along the axial direction, and the third annular groove and the fourth annular groove are mutually communicated through the second sliding groove; a second sliding block is arranged on the outer side wall of the second shaft and is in sliding connection with the inner walls of the third annular groove, the fourth annular groove and the second sliding groove; and the inner wall of the first annular groove and the inner wall of the second annular groove are respectively provided with a stop block which can mutually abut against the first sliding block.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the setting of second slider and second spout for can be in vertical direction mutual slip between second shaft and the third axle, also can restrict the distance of second shaft and the mutual slip of third axle simultaneously. The third annular groove and the fourth annular groove can lock the second shaft and the third shaft, the first shaft can be driven to rotate by the aid of the stop block, when the second sliding block on the second shaft is inserted into the third annular groove, the lower end faces of the second shaft and the third shaft are level with each other, and holes with the largest equal aperture can be punched at the moment; when the second sliding block is inserted into the fourth annular groove, the lower end of the second shaft extends out of the third shaft, and a hole with a medium aperture can be punched.

Optionally, a first driving mechanism is arranged on the punch, the first driving mechanism comprises a linear driving assembly and a rotary driving assembly, and the linear driving assembly and the rotary driving assembly are both connected with the first shaft.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the power of circumference rotation and axial translation is provided for first axle to sharp drive assembly and rotation drive assembly, for the replacement between first axle, second axle and the third axle in the drift provides power.

Optionally, the first shaft, the second shaft and the third shaft are conical surfaces protruding towards the supporting plate on one side towards the supporting plate.

By adopting the technical scheme, the conical surface is convenient for the punch to punch on the plate.

Optionally, a second driving mechanism is arranged on the supporting plate, the second driving mechanism comprises a supporting ring, the supporting ring is mutually abutted with the first supporting sleeve along the axial direction of the first supporting sleeve, and the diameter of the inner side wall of the supporting ring is larger than or equal to that of the outer side wall of the second supporting sleeve; the support ring is provided with a lifting driving assembly capable of driving the support ring to axially move along the first support sleeve.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, lift drive assembly can promote the support ring and follow vertical direction motion, and then can realize that the support ring promotes first support sleeve and follow vertical direction motion. When the support ring descends, the first support sleeve automatically falls from the first hole under the action of gravity, the second support sleeve automatically falls from the second hole under the action of gravity, and at the moment, the first hole can be matched with the third shaft to punch a hole with the largest aperture; when the support ring rises, the first support sleeve rises under the drive of the support ring, and at the moment, the second hole and the second shaft are matched with each other to punch a hole with a medium aperture.

Optionally, a plurality of supporting components are arranged on the supporting ring along the circumferential direction at intervals, the supporting components comprise ejection holes, the ejection holes Kong Kaishe are arranged on the inner wall of the supporting ring, driving electromagnets are arranged on the inner wall of the ejection holes, support columns are inserted in the ejection holes in a sliding manner, reset springs are arranged between the driving electromagnets and the support columns, and the two ends of each reset spring along the axial direction are respectively connected with the driving electromagnets and the support columns.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, supporting component's setting, when the power-off of drive electro-magnet, reset spring pops out the bullet perforation with support column one end voluntarily, and the support column is contradicted each other with the second support cover this moment to the support ring can drive the second and support the cover and rise, and the third hole is mutually supported with the first axle this moment, can dash out minimum aperture's hole.

Optionally, a first limit groove is axially formed in the inner wall of the first hole along the first hole, a first limit post is arranged on the outer side wall of the first support sleeve, the first limit post is inserted into the first limit groove, and the first limit post is in sliding connection with the inner wall of the first limit groove; the second hole inner wall is followed the second spacing groove has been seted up to the second hole axial, be provided with the spacing post of second on the second support sleeve lateral wall, the spacing post of second is pegged graft in the second spacing inslot just the spacing post of second with second spacing inslot wall sliding connection.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the setting of first spacing post and first spacing hole can restrict the sliding distance of first support cover in vertical direction, and the setting of second spacing post and second spacing hole can restrict the sliding distance of second support cover in vertical direction, from can preventing that first support cover and second support cover from sliding off in first hole.

Optionally, the moving mechanism includes first linear guide, second linear guide and third linear guide, first linear guide and second linear guide are parallel to each other and set up, third linear guide both ends respectively with first linear guide and second linear guide interconnect, stamping mechanism installs on the third linear guide.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, first linear guide, second linear guide cooperation third guide can realize that stamping mechanism removes in the horizontal plane optional position, and stamping mechanism can provide punching power for the drift, and then the setting of moving mechanism and stamping mechanism cooperates the setting of drift and layer board can punch multiple aperture, multiple pitch of holes, circumference or matrix arrangement's hole.

In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

1. the punch adopts the arrangement of the first shaft, the second shaft and the third shaft, and can punch three holes with different apertures by using one punch, so that the processing cost of multi-aperture punching is reduced.

2. The supporting plate can switch the first hole, the second hole and the third hole which are matched with the punch according to the state of the punch, so that the processing quality of punching is improved.

3. The moving mechanism and the stamping mechanism can be matched with the arrangement of the punch and the supporting plate to punch holes with various apertures, various hole distances and circumference or matrix arrangement.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of a die cutting apparatus in example 1 of the present application.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the punch in example 1 of the present application.

Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of the punch in example 1 of the present application.

Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of the second shaft in embodiment 1 of the present application.

Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of the third shaft in embodiment 1 of the present application.

Fig. 6 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of the drive box in embodiment 1 of the present application.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of the pallet in embodiment 1 of the present application.

Fig. 8 is a schematic overall structure of the second driving mechanism in embodiment 1 of the present application.

Fig. 9 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of the support ring in embodiment 1 of the present application.

Fig. 10 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of the pallet in embodiment 1 of the present application.

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram showing the overall structure of the moving mechanism in embodiment 2 of the present application.

Fig. 12 is a schematic sectional structure of the moving mechanism in embodiment 2 of the present application.

Fig. 13 is a partially enlarged schematic view of the portion a in fig. 12.

In the figure, 1, a punch; 11. a first shaft; 111. a first slider; 12. a second shaft; 121. a second mounting hole; 122. a first chute; 123. a second slider; 124. a first ring groove; 125. a second ring groove; 126. a stop block; 13. a third shaft; 131. a first mounting hole; 132. a second chute; 133. a third ring groove; 134. a fourth ring groove; 2. a punching mechanism; 3. a moving mechanism; 311. a first linear guide rail; 312. a second linear guide rail; 313. a third linear guide rail; 321. a first main rail; 322. a second main rail; 323. a first sub rail; 324. a second secondary guide rail; 325. a third secondary rail; 326. a fourth sub rail; 327. a first rotating guide rail; 328. a second rotating guide rail; 329. a third rotating guide rail; 330. a fourth rotating guide rail; 331. rotating the sliding block; 332. rotating the chute; 4. a first driving mechanism; 41. a drive box; 42. a linear drive assembly; 43. a rotary drive assembly; 44. a first gear; 45. a second gear; 5. a supporting plate; 51. a first hole; 52. a first support sleeve; 53. a second hole; 54. a second support sleeve; 55. a third hole; 56. a first limit groove; 57. a first limit post; 58. the second limit groove; 59. the second limit column; 6. A second driving mechanism; 61. a support ring; 62. a lifting driving assembly; 63. a support assembly; 631. perforating; 632. driving an electromagnet; 633. a support column; 634. and a return spring.

Detailed Description

The present application is described in further detail below with reference to fig. 1-13.

Example 1: the utility model provides a die-cut device of different apertures of adaptation and pitch, refer to fig. 1, including drift 1, drift 1 vertical setting and be provided with stamping mechanism 2 on the drift 1, be provided with moving mechanism 3 on the stamping mechanism 2.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the punch 1 includes a first shaft 11, a second shaft 12 and a third shaft 13, diameters of the first shaft 11, the second shaft 12 and the third shaft 13 become larger gradually, a first mounting hole 131 is formed on the third shaft 13 in an axial penetrating manner, and the second shaft 12 is inserted into the first mounting hole 131 in a sliding manner along a vertical direction; the second shaft 12 is provided with a second mounting hole 121 along the axial direction, and the first shaft 11 is inserted into the second mounting hole 121 along the vertical direction in a sliding manner. The first shaft 11, the second shaft 12 and the third shaft 13 can respectively realize punching processing of three holes with different apertures.

Referring to fig. 3, the lower end surfaces of the first shaft 11, the second shaft 12 and the third shaft 13 are circular shaft surfaces protruding vertically downwards, when the first shaft 11 and the second shaft 12 are retracted into the third shaft 13, the conical surfaces at the lower ends of the first shaft 11, the conical surfaces at the lower ends of the second shaft 12 and the conical surfaces at the lower ends of the third shaft 13 are mutually flush, and the conical surfaces are convenient for punching.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, a first sliding groove 122 is formed in the inner side wall of the second mounting hole 121 along the axial direction of the second mounting hole 121, a first sliding block 111 protrudes from the outer side wall of the first shaft 11, the first sliding block 111 is inserted into the first sliding groove 122, the first sliding block 111 is slidably connected with the inner wall of the first sliding groove 122, and the first sliding block 111 and the first sliding groove 122 are arranged so that the first shaft 11 and the second shaft 12 can slide in the vertical direction; at the same time, it is possible to limit the distance that the first shaft 11 and the second shaft 12 slide each other and to ensure that the first shaft 11 and the second shaft 12 do not slide each other.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, a first ring groove 124 and a second ring groove 125 are formed on an inner sidewall of the second mounting hole 121, the first ring groove 124, the second ring groove 125 and the second mounting hole 121 are coaxially disposed, the first ring groove 124 and the second ring groove 125 are disposed at intervals along an axial direction of the second mounting hole 121, and the first ring groove 124 is located above a vertical direction of the second ring groove 125, and the first ring groove 124 and the second ring groove 125 are mutually communicated through the first sliding groove 122. So that the first slider 111 can enter the first ring groove 124 or the second ring groove 125 from the first slide groove 122.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the first slider 111 is slidably connected to inner walls of the first ring groove 124 and the second ring groove 125, so that the first slider 111 can rotate in the first ring groove 124 or the second ring groove 125 with the axis of the first shaft 11 as a center line, and two inner side walls of the first ring groove 124 and the second ring groove 125 along the axis direction of the first shaft 11 are in contact with the first slider 111. The first ring groove 124 and the second ring groove 125 are formed to lock the two states of the first shaft 11 and the second shaft 12, when the first slider 111 is inserted into the first ring groove 124, the lower end surfaces of the first shaft 11 and the second shaft 12 are level with each other, and at this time, a hole with a medium aperture can be punched; when the first slider 111 is inserted into the second ring groove 125, the lower end of the first shaft 11 protrudes out of the second shaft 12, and at this time, a hole of the minimum aperture can be punched.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the first sliding grooves 122 are formed in a plurality, the first sliding grooves 122 are uniformly spaced along the circumferential direction of the second mounting hole 121, the first sliding blocks 111 are arranged in a plurality, the first sliding blocks 111 are uniformly spaced along the circumferential direction of the first shaft 11, the first sliding blocks 111 are inserted into the corresponding first sliding grooves 122 one by one, and the first sliding grooves 122 and the first sliding blocks 111 are arranged to ensure that the first shaft 11 and the second shaft 12 slide along each other and increase the connection strength.

Referring to fig. 3 and 5, a second sliding groove 132 is formed in the inner side wall of the first mounting hole 131 along the axial direction of the first mounting hole 131, a second sliding block 123 protrudes from the outer side wall of the second shaft 12, the second sliding block 123 is inserted into the second sliding groove 132, the second sliding block 123 and the inner wall of the second sliding groove 132 are axially and slidably connected along the second shaft 12, and the second sliding block 123 and the second sliding groove 132 are arranged, so that the second shaft 12 and the third shaft 13 can slide along each other in the vertical direction, and meanwhile, the sliding distance between the second shaft 12 and the third shaft 13 can be limited, and the second shaft 12 and the third shaft 13 can be prevented from sliding along each other.

Referring to fig. 3 and 5, a third ring groove 133 and a fourth ring groove 134 are formed on the inner sidewall of the first mounting hole 131, the third ring groove 133, the fourth ring groove 134 and the first mounting hole 131 are coaxially disposed, the third ring groove 133 and the fourth ring groove 134 are disposed at intervals along the axial direction of the first mounting hole 131 and the third ring groove 133 is located above the fourth ring groove 134 in the vertical direction, and the third ring groove 133 and the fourth ring groove 134 are communicated with each other through the second sliding groove 132. The second slider 123 is slidably connected with the inner walls of the third ring groove 133 and the fourth ring groove 134, so that the second slider 123 can rotate in the third ring groove 133 or the fourth ring groove 134 with the axis of the second shaft 12 as the center line, and two inner walls of the third ring groove 133 and the fourth ring groove 134 along the axis direction of the second shaft 12 are mutually abutted against the second slider 123. The third ring groove 133 and the fourth ring groove 134 are formed to lock the second shaft 12 and the third shaft 13, when the second slider 123 is inserted into the third ring groove 133, the lower end surfaces of the second shaft 12 and the third shaft 13 are level with each other, and only the hole with the largest equal aperture can be punched at the moment; when the second slider 123 is inserted into the fourth ring groove 134, the lower end of the second shaft 12 protrudes out of the third shaft 13, and a hole of a medium diameter can be punched.

Referring to fig. 3 and 5, a plurality of second sliding grooves 132 are formed in the inner wall of the first mounting hole 131, the plurality of second sliding grooves 132 are uniformly spaced along the circumferential direction of the first mounting hole 131, a plurality of second sliding blocks 123 are arranged on the outer side wall of the second shaft 12, the plurality of second sliding blocks 123 are uniformly spaced along the circumferential direction of the second shaft 12, the plurality of second sliding blocks 123 are inserted into the corresponding second sliding grooves 132 in a one-to-one correspondence manner, the arrangement of the plurality of second sliding grooves 132 and the plurality of second sliding blocks 123 increases the stability of connection between the second shaft 12 and the third shaft 13, and the connection strength can be increased while the mutual sliding of the second shaft 12 and the third shaft 13 is ensured.

Referring to fig. 4, a stopper 126 is disposed on the inner wall of the first ring groove 124 and the inner wall of the second ring groove 125, and when the first slider 111 rotates in the first ring groove 124 or the second ring groove 125, the stopper 126 will collide with the first slider 111. The arrangement of the stop block 126 is matched with the first ring groove 124, the second ring groove 125, the third ring groove 133, the fourth ring groove 134, the first sliding block 111, the second sliding block 123, the first sliding groove 122 and the second sliding groove 132, so that the first shaft 11, the second shaft 12 and the third shaft 13 can be extended and retracted, and the first shaft 11, the second shaft 12 and the third shaft 13 can be conveniently selected according to the required aperture.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, when the first slider 111 is located in the first sliding groove 122 and the second slider 123 is located in the second sliding groove 132, the first shaft 11 is pushed vertically downwards, at this time, the first shaft 11 is extended, then the first slider 111 drives the second shaft 12 to extend, finally drives the third shaft 13 to extend, the first shaft 11 is rotated clockwise, the first slider 111 enters the second ring groove 125, the first shaft 11 is rotated clockwise continuously, the first slider 111 collides with the stop block 126, the second shaft 12 is rotated clockwise, at this time, the second slider 123 enters the fourth ring groove 134, the first shaft 11, the second shaft 12 and the third shaft 13 are locked with each other, at this time, the first shaft 11 is in a state of extending out the second shaft 12, and a hole with the smallest aperture can be processed;

on the basis of the above, the first shaft 11 is rotated anticlockwise, the first sliding block 111 is rotated into the first sliding groove 122, the first shaft 11 is moved vertically upwards, then the first shaft 11 is rotated clockwise, at this time, the first sliding block 111 enters into the second sliding groove 132, the first shaft 11, the second shaft 12 and the third shaft 13 are locked with each other, at this time, the first shaft 11 is retracted into the second shaft 12, the lower end face of the first shaft 11 and the lower end face of the second shaft 12 are level with each other, and a hole with a medium aperture can be processed;

on the basis of the above, the first shaft 11 is rotated clockwise, the first sliding block 111 and the stop block 126 are mutually abutted, the second sliding block 123 slides into the second sliding groove 132, the first shaft 11 is vertically moved upwards, the first shaft 11 drives the second shaft 12 to move upwards in the third shaft 13, then the first shaft 11 is rotated clockwise, the first sliding block 111 and the stop block 126 are mutually abutted, the second sliding block 123 on the second shaft 12 enters the third annular groove 133, the first shaft 11, the second shaft 12 and the third shaft 13 are mutually locked, the first shaft 11 is retracted into the second shaft 12, the second shaft 12 is retracted into the third shaft 13, the lower end face of the first shaft 11 is mutually aligned with the lower end face of the second shaft 12 and the lower end face of the third shaft 13, and a hole with the largest aperture can be processed.

Referring to fig. 2 and 6, a first driving mechanism 4 is arranged at the upper end of a first shaft 11, the first driving mechanism 4 comprises a driving box 41, a third shaft 13 is fixedly connected with the driving box 41, a linear driving assembly 42 and a rotary driving assembly 43 are arranged in the driving box 41, the linear driving assembly 42 adopts a linear push rod, and the linear push rod is coaxially connected with the first shaft 11, so that the linear driving assembly 42 can drive the first shaft 11 to move in the vertical direction; the rotary driving assembly 43 adopts a servo motor, a first gear 44 is connected to a transmission shaft of the servo motor, a second gear 45 is connected to the first shaft 11, the thickness of the second gear 45 is larger than the sum of the thickness of the first gear 44 and the height of the first shaft 11 moving in the vertical direction, the first gear 44 and the second gear 45 are meshed with each other, and therefore the rotary driving assembly 43 can drive the first shaft 11 to rotate and does not influence the movement of the first shaft 11 in the vertical direction.

Referring to fig. 7, a supporting plate 5 is vertically arranged at intervals below a punch 1, a first hole 51 is vertically penetrated through the supporting plate 5, a first supporting sleeve 52 is inserted into the first hole 51 along the vertical direction, the first supporting sleeve 52 is slidably connected with the inner wall of the first hole 51 along the vertical direction, a second hole 53 is vertically penetrated through the first supporting sleeve 52, a second supporting sleeve 54 is inserted into the second hole 53 along the vertical direction, a third hole 55 is vertically penetrated through the second supporting sleeve 54 and is vertically penetrated through the inner wall of the second hole 53, the first hole 51, the second hole 53 and the third hole 55 are coaxially formed, the diameter of the first hole 51 is larger than or equal to the diameter of the third shaft 13, the diameter of the second hole 53 is larger than or equal to the diameter of the second shaft 12 and the diameter of the third hole 55 are larger than or equal to the diameter of the first shaft 11, the axis of the first hole 51 and the third shaft 13 are arranged in a collinear manner, the first hole 51 is matched with the third shaft 13 to punch, the second hole 53 is matched with the second shaft 13 to punch, the third shaft 55 is matched with the second shaft 12 to punch, the third shaft 55, the first hole 55 is matched with the third shaft 11 to punch, the first hole 5 is matched with the third shaft 11, and the deformation of the supporting plate is reduced.

Referring to fig. 7 and 8, the first support sleeve 52 and the second support sleeve 54 are provided with the second driving mechanism 6 along one end far away from the punch 1 in the axial direction, the second driving mechanism 6 comprises a support ring 61, the inner diameter of the support ring 61 is larger than or equal to the diameter of the outer wall of the second support sleeve 54, the support ring 61 and the first support sleeve 52 are mutually abutted along the axial direction of the first support sleeve 52, one end far away from the first support sleeve 52 of the support ring 61 is connected with a lifting driving assembly 62, the lifting driving assembly 62 adopts a hydraulic cylinder, the lifting driving assembly 62 is arranged along the vertical direction, and therefore the lifting driving assembly 62 can push the support ring 61 to move along the vertical direction, and further the support ring 61 is realized to push the first support sleeve 52 to move along the vertical direction. When the support ring 61 descends, the first support sleeve 52 automatically descends from the first hole 51 under the action of gravity, the second support sleeve 54 automatically descends from the second hole 53 under the action of gravity, and at the moment, the first hole 51 can be matched with the third shaft 13 to punch out a hole with the largest aperture; when the supporting ring 61 is lifted, the first supporting sleeve 52 is lifted under the driving of the supporting ring 61, and at this time, the second hole 53 is matched with the second shaft 12, so as to punch a hole with a medium aperture.

Referring to fig. 8 and 9, a plurality of supporting components 63 are arranged on the supporting ring 61 along the circumferential direction thereof at intervals, the supporting components 63 comprise ejection holes 631, the ejection holes 631 are formed in the inner wall of the supporting ring 61 along the radial direction of the supporting ring 61, openings of the ejection holes 631 are positioned on the inner wall of the supporting ring 61, driving electromagnets 632 are arranged on the inner wall, close to the outer side wall of the supporting ring 61, of the ejection holes 631, supporting columns 633 are inserted in the ejection holes 631 in a sliding manner along the axial direction of the ejection holes 631, return springs 634 are arranged between the driving electromagnets 632 and the supporting columns 633, and two ends of the return springs 634 along the axial direction are respectively connected with the driving electromagnets 632 and the supporting columns 633. When the driving electromagnet 632 is powered off, the reset spring 634 automatically ejects one end of the supporting column 633 from the ejection hole 631, and at this time, the supporting columns 633 in the supporting assemblies 63 and the second supporting sleeve 54 are mutually abutted along the axial direction of the second supporting sleeve 54, so that the supporting ring 61 can lift up to drive the second supporting sleeve 54, and at this time, the third hole 55 is mutually matched with the first shaft 11, and a hole with the smallest aperture can be punched.

Referring to fig. 10, a first limiting groove 56 is axially formed in the inner wall of the first hole 51 along the first hole 51, a first limiting post 57 is arranged on the outer side wall of the first supporting sleeve 52, the first limiting post 57 is inserted into the first limiting groove 56, and the first limiting post 57 and the inner wall of the first limiting groove 56 are axially slidably connected along the first hole 51; the inner wall of the second hole 53 is axially provided with a second limit groove 58 along the second hole 53, the outer side wall of the second support sleeve 54 is provided with a second limit post 59, the second limit post 59 is inserted into the second limit groove 58, and the second limit post 59 is in sliding connection with the inner wall of the second limit groove 58 along the axial direction of the second hole 53; thus, the first limiting post 57 and the first limiting groove 56 are arranged to limit the sliding distance of the first support sleeve 52 in the vertical direction, and the second limiting post 59 and the second limiting groove 58 are arranged to limit the sliding distance of the second support sleeve 54 in the vertical direction.

Referring to fig. 1, two moving mechanisms 3 are provided, the two moving mechanisms 3 are arranged opposite to each other in the vertical direction, and the moving mechanism 3 above vertically is connected with the punch head 1, and the moving mechanism 3 below vertically is connected with the supporting plate 5, so that the punch head 1 and the supporting plate 5 can be arranged opposite to each other in the vertical direction; the moving mechanism 3 comprises a first linear guide 311, a second linear guide 312 and a third linear guide 313, the first linear guide 311 and the second linear guide 312 are mutually parallel and are mutually arranged at intervals along the horizontal direction, two ends of the third linear guide 313 are respectively connected with the first linear guide 311 and the second linear guide 312, the stamping mechanism 2 and the supporting plate 5 are respectively arranged on the corresponding third linear guide 313, the stamping mechanism 2 adopts a hydraulic cylinder, so that the first linear guide 311 and the second linear guide 312 are matched with the third linear guide 313 to realize the movement of the stamping mechanism 2 at any position in the horizontal plane, the stamping mechanism 2 can provide power for the punch 1, and the moving mechanism 3 and the stamping mechanism 2 are matched with the arrangement of the punch 1 and the supporting plate 5 to punch holes with various apertures, various hole pitches, circumferences or matrix arrangements.

The implementation principle of the embodiment of the application is as follows: the automatic positioning of the punch head 1 and the supporting plate 5 is realized through the moving mechanism 3; the first driving mechanism 4 is started to select the punch head 1 with the corresponding aperture, the second driving mechanism 6 is started to select the hole on the supporting plate 5 to be opened, and the punching mechanism 2 is started to realize punching.

Example 2: referring to fig. 11, this embodiment differs from embodiment 1 in that: the moving mechanism 3 in this embodiment includes a first main rail 321, a second main rail 322, a first sub rail 323, a second sub rail 324, a third sub rail 325, a fourth sub rail 326, a first rotating rail 327, a second rotating rail 328, a third rotating rail 329, and a fourth rotating rail 330, and all adopt linear rails in which a linear screw drives a slide table to move.

Referring to fig. 11, the first main rail 321 and the second main rail 322 are axially co-linear, the first sub rail 323 and the second sub rail 324 are symmetrically disposed at both sides of the first main rail 321 and the first sub rail 323 and the second sub rail 324 are parallel to each other with the first main rail 321, the first sub rail 323 and the third sub rail 325 are axially co-linear, and the second sub rail 324 and the fourth sub rail 326 are axially co-linear. The first rotating rail 327 is respectively mounted on the first auxiliary rail 323 and the first main rail 321 along the axial two ends, the second rotating rail 328 is respectively mounted on the second auxiliary rail 324 and the first main rail 321 along the axial two ends, the third rotating rail 329 is respectively mounted on the third auxiliary rail 325 and the first main rail 321 along the axial two ends, and the fourth rotating rail 330 is respectively mounted on the fourth auxiliary rail 326 and the first main rail 321 along the axial two ends.

Referring to fig. 12 and 13, one end of the first rotating rail 327 is rotatably connected with a sliding table on the first main rail 321, a rotating sliding block 331 is provided on the sliding table of the first auxiliary rail 323, a rotating sliding groove 332 is provided on one side of the first rotating rail 327 facing the first auxiliary rail 323 along the axial direction of the first rotating rail 327, the rotating sliding block 331 is inserted into the rotating sliding groove 332 and is slidably connected with the inner wall of the rotating sliding groove 332, and the rotating sliding block 331 is in a shape of a cake, so that the rotating sliding block can rotate in the rotating sliding groove 332, and the sliding table of the first auxiliary rail 323 is driven to enable the first rotating rail 327 to rotate in a horizontal plane.

Referring to fig. 11, the connection relationship between the first main rail 321, the second sub rail 324, and the second rotating rail 328, the connection relationship between the second main rail 322, the third sub rail 325, and the third rotating rail 329, and the connection relationship between the second main rail 322, the fourth sub rail 326, and the fourth rotating rail 330 are the same as described above. A punch 1 and a corresponding punching mechanism 2 can be mounted on each of the sliding tables of the first main rail 321, the second main rail 322, the first rotating rail 327, the second rotating rail 328, the third rotating rail 329, and the third rotating rail 330.

The implementation principle of the embodiment of the application is as follows: the moving mechanism 3 can be provided with a plurality of punches 1 and corresponding punching mechanisms 2 at the same time, so that a plurality of holes with different apertures can be punched at the same time; the first rotating guide 327, the second rotating guide 328, the third rotating guide 329 and the fourth rotating guide 330 can rotate, so that a plurality of punches 1 can be freely combined to punch a plurality of holes with multiple hole pitches, multiple hole diameters and different array modes.

The embodiments of this embodiment are all preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present application, in which like parts are denoted by like reference numerals. Therefore: all equivalent changes in structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered in the protection scope of this application.

Claims (9)

1. The punching device suitable for different apertures and hole pitches comprises a punch (1), wherein a punching mechanism (2) is arranged on the punch (1), and a moving mechanism (3) is arranged on the punching mechanism (2);

the punch (1) comprises a first shaft (11), a second shaft (12) and a third shaft (13), wherein the first shaft (11) is inserted into the second shaft (12), the first shaft (11) is in sliding connection with the inner wall of the second shaft (12), the second shaft (12) is inserted into the third shaft (13), and the second shaft (12) is in sliding connection with the inner wall of the third shaft (13);

the punch comprises a punch body, and is characterized in that a supporting plate (5) is arranged at one side of the punch body at intervals, a first hole (51) is formed in the supporting plate (5), a first supporting sleeve (52) is inserted into the first hole (51), the first supporting sleeve (52) is in sliding connection with the inner wall of the first hole (51), a second hole (53) is formed in the first supporting sleeve (52), a second supporting sleeve (54) is inserted into the second hole (53), the second supporting sleeve (54) is in sliding connection with the inner wall of the second hole (53), and a third hole (55) is formed in the second supporting sleeve (54);

the first shaft (11), the second shaft (12), the third shaft (13), the first hole (51), the second hole (53) and the third hole (55) are coaxially arranged.

2. The punching device for adapting to different apertures and hole pitches according to claim 1, wherein a first annular groove (124) and a second annular groove (125) are axially arranged on the inner side wall of the second shaft (12) at intervals, a first sliding groove (122) is axially arranged on the inner wall of the second shaft (12), and the first annular groove (124) and the second annular groove (125) are mutually communicated through the first sliding groove (122);

the first sliding block (111) is arranged on the outer side wall of the first shaft (11), and the first sliding block (111) is in sliding connection with the inner walls of the first annular groove (124), the second annular groove (125) and the first sliding groove (122).

3. The punching device for adapting to different apertures and hole pitches according to claim 2, wherein a third annular groove (133) and a fourth annular groove (134) are axially arranged on the inner side wall of the third shaft (13) at intervals, a second sliding groove (132) is axially arranged on the inner wall of the third shaft (13), and the third annular groove (133) and the fourth annular groove (134) are mutually communicated through the second sliding groove (132);

a second sliding block (123) is arranged on the outer side wall of the second shaft (12), and the second sliding block (123) is in sliding connection with the inner walls of the third annular groove (133), the fourth annular groove (134) and the second sliding groove (132);

and the inner wall of the first annular groove (124) and the inner wall of the second annular groove (125) are respectively provided with a stop block (126) which can be mutually abutted against the first sliding block (111).

4. A die cutting device adapted to different apertures and pitches according to claim 2, characterized in that the punch (1) is provided with a first driving mechanism (4), the first driving mechanism (4) comprising a linear driving assembly (42) and a rotary driving assembly (43), the linear driving assembly (42) and the rotary driving assembly (43) being interconnected with the first shaft (11).

5. A die cutting device adapted to different apertures and pitches according to claim 1, characterized in that the sides of the first shaft (11), the second shaft (12) and the third shaft (13) facing the pallet (5) are conical surfaces protruding towards the pallet (5).

6. Punching device adapted to different apertures and pitches according to claim 1, characterized in that a second driving mechanism (6) is arranged on the supporting plate (5), the second driving mechanism (6) comprises a supporting ring (61), the supporting ring (61) axially collides with the first supporting sleeve (52) along the first supporting sleeve (52), and the diameter of the inner side wall of the supporting ring (61) is larger than or equal to the diameter of the outer side wall of the second supporting sleeve (54); the support ring (61) is provided with a lifting driving assembly (62) capable of driving the support ring (61) to axially move along the first support sleeve (52).

7. The punching device adapting to different apertures and hole pitches according to claim 6, wherein a plurality of supporting components (63) are arranged on the supporting ring (61) at intervals along the circumferential direction, the supporting components (63) comprise ejection holes (631), the ejection holes (631) are formed in the inner wall of the supporting ring (61), driving electromagnets (632) are arranged on the inner wall of the ejection holes (631), supporting columns (633) are inserted in the ejection holes (631) in a sliding manner, return springs (634) are arranged between the driving electromagnets (632) and the supporting columns (633), and two ends of the return springs (634) along the axial direction are respectively connected with the driving electromagnets (632) and the supporting columns (633) in a mutual mode.

8. The punching device adapting to different apertures and hole pitches according to claim 6, wherein a first limit groove (56) is axially formed in the inner wall of the first hole (51), a first limit post (57) is arranged on the outer side wall of the first support sleeve (52), the first limit post (57) is inserted into the first limit groove (56), and the first limit post (57) is in sliding connection with the inner wall of the first limit groove (56);

the inner wall of the second hole (53) is axially provided with a second limit groove (58) along the second hole (53), the outer side wall of the second support sleeve (54) is provided with a second limit column (59), the second limit column (59) is inserted into the second limit groove (58) and the second limit column (59) is in sliding connection with the inner wall of the second limit groove (58).

9. Punching device adapted to different apertures and pitches according to claim 1, characterized in that the moving mechanism (3) comprises a first linear guide (311), a second linear guide (312) and a third linear guide (313), the first linear guide (311) and the second linear guide (312) are arranged in parallel, two ends of the third linear guide (313) are respectively connected with the first linear guide (311) and the second linear guide (312), and the punching mechanism (2) is mounted on the third linear guide (313).

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