CN116212756A - Solid-liquid composite microcapsule, preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Solid-liquid composite microcapsule, preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116212756A CN116212756A CN202310178159.1A CN202310178159A CN116212756A CN 116212756 A CN116212756 A CN 116212756A CN 202310178159 A CN202310178159 A CN 202310178159A CN 116212756 A CN116212756 A CN 116212756A
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Abstract
The application relates to a solid-liquid composite microcapsule, a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of self-lubricating materials. The application provides a solid-liquid composite microcapsule, which comprises a core material and a shell material for coating the core material, wherein the core material comprises a lubricant, a two-dimensional material and a dispersing agent, and the two-dimensional material comprises one or more of graphene, molybdenum disulfide, tungsten disulfide, boron nitride and black phosphorus. The solid-liquid composite microcapsule has excellent lubricating performance under the conditions of large contact area and high bearing capacity.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of self-lubricating materials, in particular to a solid-liquid composite microcapsule, a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Microcapsules are a novel lubricant filler whose core-shell structure is formed by encapsulating lubricant materials such as lubricants or phase change materials in an organic or inorganic shell. The microcapsules can be compounded with a variety of polymer matrix materials and significantly reduce the coefficient of friction and wear rate of the matrix material. During the friction process, the microcapsules in the matrix are destroyed by pressure and shear forces, and the lubricating material encapsulated therein is released, forming an effective lubricating film at the friction interface to reduce the coefficient of friction. In addition, the existence of the lubricating film can prevent direct contact with the rough peak, and avoid the occurrence of material abrasion, thereby reducing the abrasion rate of the material.
However, the conventional surface contact test study of microcapsule composite materials has focused on a low load of 1MPa to 3MPa and a contact area of 60mm 2 Left and right working conditions, in a large contact area (greater than 120mm 2 ) And under the condition of high load (more than 10 MPa), the traditional microcapsule composite material is easy to cause lubrication failure, and greatly limits the application and popularization of the microcapsule composite material in mechanical parts.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on this, it is necessary to provide a solid-liquid composite microcapsule, a preparation method and application thereof. The solid-liquid composite microcapsule has excellent lubricating performance under the conditions of large contact area and high bearing capacity.
A first aspect of the present application provides a solid-liquid composite microcapsule, comprising a core material and a shell material coating the core material, wherein the core material comprises a lubricant, a two-dimensional material and a dispersant, and the two-dimensional material comprises one or more of graphene, molybdenum disulfide, tungsten disulfide, boron nitride and black phosphorus.
In some embodiments, the lubricant comprises one or more of polyalphaolefins, perfluoropolyethers, silicone oils, and tung oils.
In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the two-dimensional material to the lubricant is (0.01 to 0.25): 1.
in some preferred embodiments, the mass ratio of the two-dimensional material to the lubricant is (0.1 to 0.2): 1.
in some embodiments, the dispersant comprises one or more of tween 80, boronated polyisobutylene bissuccinimide, polyisobutylene succinate, benzylamine, and ashless phosphate.
In some embodiments, the shell material comprises one or more of urea formaldehyde resin, polyimide, polystyrene, polyurethane, and polysulfone.
In some embodiments, the dispersant is present in an amount of 0.1% to 10% by mass of the lubricant, based on the lubricant.
In some embodiments, the core material accounts for 40-60% of the solid-liquid composite microcapsule by mass.
A second aspect of the present application provides a method for preparing the solid-liquid composite microcapsule according to the first aspect of the present application, the method comprising one or more of an in situ polymerization method, an interfacial polymerization method, and a solvent evaporation method.
In some embodiments, the in situ polymerization process comprises the steps of:
mixing the two-dimensional material, the dispersant and the lubricant to prepare the core material;
emulsifying the core material into micro-oil drops in a water phase containing a surfactant and a first shell material, and polymerizing the first shell material on the surfaces of the micro-oil drops to form the shell material.
In some embodiments, the first shell material comprises at least two of urea, formaldehyde, a polyisocyanate, and an unsaturated polyol.
In some embodiments, the interfacial polymerization method comprises the steps of:
mixing the two-dimensional material, the dispersant and the lubricant to prepare the core material;
and after the initiator and the core material are mixed, emulsifying the core material into micro-oil drops in a water phase containing a surfactant and a second shell material, and polymerizing the second shell material under the action of the initiator to form the shell material.
In some embodiments, the initiator comprises one or more of azobisisobutyronitrile, potassium persulfate, benzoyl peroxide, and azobisisoheptylcyanide.
In some embodiments, the second shell material comprises one or more of methyl methacrylate, styrene, and methyl styrene.
In some embodiments, the solvent evaporation method comprises the steps of:
mixing the two-dimensional material, the dispersant and the lubricant to prepare the core material;
dissolving the core material and the third shell material raw material into an organic solvent to obtain a mixed solution;
dispersing the mixed solution into an aqueous phase containing a surfactant for emulsification;
and heating the emulsified liquid obtained by emulsification to volatilize the organic solvent, wherein the third shell material is separated out to form the shell material, and the shell material coats the core material.
In some embodiments, the organic solvent comprises one or more of dichloromethane, dimethylformamide, and chloroform.
In some embodiments, the third shell material comprises one or more of polyimide, polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate, and polysulfone.
A third aspect of the present application provides a use of the solid-liquid composite microcapsule according to the first aspect of the present application or the solid-liquid composite microcapsule prepared by the preparation method according to the second aspect of the present application in preparing a lubricating material.
Compared with the prior art, the solid-liquid composite microcapsule, the preparation method and the application thereof have at least the following advantages:
the dispersing agent in the core material of the solid-liquid composite microcapsule can promote the two-dimensional material to be uniformly dispersed in the lubricant, and avoid the influence of precipitation of the two-dimensional material in the lubricant on the lubricating performance of the microcapsule. The shell material of the solid-liquid composite microcapsule encapsulates the lubricant dispersed with the two-dimensional material in the microcapsule, so that the two-dimensional material can be released together with the lubricant when the microcapsule breaks, and the microcapsule can realize excellent lubricating performance under the conditions of large contact area and high bearing capacity.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a solid-liquid composite microcapsule according to an embodiment of the present application, wherein 1-shell material; 2-core material.
Fig. 2 is a scanning electron microscope image of the solid-liquid composite microcapsule prepared in example 1 of the present application.
Fig. 3 is a transmission electron microscope image of the solid-liquid composite microcapsule prepared in example 1 of the present application.
Fig. 4 is a graph showing friction coefficients of the solid-liquid composite microcapsule prepared in example 1 of the present application under different loads.
Fig. 5 is a graph showing friction coefficients of the solid-liquid composite microcapsule prepared in comparative example 1 of the present application under different loads.
Detailed Description
In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present application more comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with the present application are described in detail below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. This application is, however, susceptible of embodiment in many other forms than those described herein and similar modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the application, and therefore the application is not to be limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
In the description of the present application, unless otherwise defined, terms of art and words of art not specifically defined have the same meanings as commonly understood by those skilled in the art, and are common general knowledge to those skilled in the art, and methods not specifically defined are conventional methods known to those skilled in the art. The term "plurality" in this application means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
In this application, "first", "second", "third", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or quantity, nor as implying an importance or quantity of a technical feature being indicated. Moreover, "first," "second," "third," etc. are for non-exhaustive list description purposes only, and it should be understood that no closed limitation on the number is made.
In the present application, reference is made to numerical intervals, where the numerical intervals are considered to be continuous unless specifically stated, and include the minimum and maximum values of the range, and each value between such minimum and maximum values. Further, when a range refers to an integer, each integer between the minimum and maximum values of the range is included. Further, when multiple range description features or characteristics are provided, the ranges may be combined. In other words, unless otherwise indicated, all ranges disclosed herein are to be understood to include any and all subranges subsumed therein.
In the present application, the technical features described in an open manner include a closed technical scheme composed of the listed features, and also include an open technical scheme including the listed features.
An embodiment of the application provides a solid-liquid composite microcapsule, which comprises a core material and a shell material for coating the core material, wherein the core material comprises a lubricant, a two-dimensional material and a dispersing agent, and the two-dimensional material comprises one or more of graphene, molybdenum disulfide, tungsten disulfide, boron nitride and black phosphorus.
The dispersing agent in the core material can promote the two-dimensional material to be uniformly dispersed in the lubricant, and avoid the influence of precipitation of the two-dimensional material in the lubricant on the lubricating performance of the microcapsule. The two-dimensional materials such as graphene, molybdenum disulfide, tungsten disulfide, boron nitride and black phosphorus have good lubricating performance, and the shell material encapsulates the lubricant dispersed with the two-dimensional materials in the microcapsule, so that the two-dimensional materials can be released together with the lubricant when the microcapsule breaks, and the microcapsule can have excellent lubricating performance under the conditions of large contact area and high bearing capacity. As shown in fig. 1, the solid-liquid composite microcapsule according to the present embodiment has a structure in which a shell material 1 coats a core material 2.
In some embodiments, the solid-liquid composite microcapsules are spherical in structure.
In some embodiments, the lubricant comprises one or more of polyalphaolefins, perfluoropolyethers, silicone oils, and tung oils.
In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the two-dimensional material to the lubricant is (0.01 to 0.25): 1. it can be understood that the mass ratio of the two-dimensional material and the lubricant is controlled to be (0.01-0.25): 1 can make the appearance of the solid-liquid composite microcapsule be in a spherical structure, thereby further improving the lubricating performance of the solid-liquid composite microcapsule. When the mass ratio of the two-dimensional material to the lubricant is too high, the two-dimensional material can be embedded in the shell material, so that the solid-liquid composite microcapsule is in the shape of a bar, a dumbbell, an ellipse and the like, and the lubricating performance of the solid-liquid composite microcapsule is affected; when the mass ratio of the two-dimensional material to the lubricant is too low, the two-dimensional material and the lubricant have no obvious effect of synergistically improving the lubricating performance of the solid-liquid composite microcapsule. The mass ratio of the two-dimensional material and the lubricant may include, but is not limited to: 0.01:1. 0.05: 1. 0.1: 1. 0.15: 1. 0.2:1 or 0.25:1, etc.
In some preferred embodiments, the mass ratio of the two-dimensional material to the lubricant is (0.1-0.2): 1. it can be appreciated that when the mass ratio of the two-dimensional material and the lubricant is (0.1 to 0.2): 1, the solid-liquid composite microcapsule has better lubricating performance.
In some embodiments, the dispersant comprises one or more of tween 80, boronated polyisobutylene bissuccinimide, polyisobutylene succinate, benzylamine, and ashless phosphate.
In some embodiments, the shell material comprises one or more of urea formaldehyde resin, polyimide, polystyrene, polyurethane, and polysulfone.
In some embodiments, the dispersant is present in an amount of 0.1% to 10% by mass of the lubricant. It is understood that the mass of dispersant in percent of the mass of lubricant, based on the lubricant, may include, but is not limited to: 0.1%, 2%, 4%, 6%, 8% or 10%, etc.
In some embodiments, the core material comprises 40-60% by mass of the solid-liquid composite microcapsule. It can be understood that controlling the mass percentage of the core material in the solid-liquid composite microcapsule can further improve the lubricating performance of the solid-liquid composite microcapsule. When the mass percentage of the core material in the solid-liquid composite microcapsule is too high, the shell material may not completely wrap the core material; when the mass percentage is too low, the lubricating property of the solid-liquid composite microcapsule is poor. The mass percentage of the core material in the solid-liquid composite microcapsule may be, for example, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, or the like.
Another embodiment of the present application provides a method for preparing the solid-liquid composite microcapsule, where the method includes one or more of in situ polymerization, interfacial polymerization, and solvent evaporation.
In some embodiments, the in situ polymerization process comprises the steps of:
mixing a two-dimensional material, a dispersing agent and a lubricant to prepare a core material;
emulsifying the core material into micro-oil drops in a water phase containing a surfactant and a first shell material, and polymerizing the first shell material on the surfaces of the micro-oil drops to form the shell material.
The amount of the surfactant used in the in-situ polymerization method is not particularly limited, and the solid-liquid composite microcapsule can be prepared by the in-situ polymerization method.
In some embodiments, the first shell material comprises at least two of urea, formaldehyde, a polyisocyanate, and an unsaturated polyol.
In some embodiments, the interfacial polymerization method comprises the steps of:
mixing a two-dimensional material, a dispersing agent and a lubricant to prepare a core material;
and mixing the initiator with the core material, emulsifying the core material into micro-oil drops in a water phase containing the surfactant and the second shell material, and polymerizing the second shell material under the action of the initiator to form the shell material.
The amount of the initiator and the amount of the surfactant used in the interfacial polymerization method are not particularly limited, and the solid-liquid composite microcapsule can be prepared by the interfacial polymerization method.
In some embodiments, the initiator comprises one or more of azobisisobutyronitrile, potassium persulfate, benzoyl peroxide, and azobisisoheptonitrile.
In some embodiments, the second shell material comprises one or more of methyl methacrylate, styrene, and methyl styrene.
In some embodiments, the solvent evaporation method comprises the steps of:
mixing a two-dimensional material, a dispersing agent and a lubricant to prepare a core material;
dissolving the core material and the third shell material raw material into an organic solvent to obtain a mixed solution;
dispersing the mixed solution into an aqueous phase containing a surfactant for emulsification;
and heating the emulsified liquid obtained by emulsification to volatilize the organic solvent, and separating out the third shell material raw material to form the shell material.
The amount of the organic solvent and the amount of the surfactant used in the solvent evaporation method are not particularly limited, and the solid-liquid composite microcapsule can be prepared by the solvent evaporation method.
In some embodiments, the organic solvent comprises one or more of methylene chloride, dimethylformamide, and chloroform.
In some embodiments, the third shell material comprises one or more of polyimide, polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate, and polysulfone.
In some embodiments, the surfactant comprises one or more of polyvinyl alcohol and gum arabic.
The application further provides an application of the solid-liquid composite microcapsule or the solid-liquid composite microcapsule prepared by the preparation method in preparation of a lubricating material. The solid-liquid composite microcapsule can be used as a lubricating filler, and can be made into a lubricating material after being compounded with a polymer matrix material.
The present application is described in further detail below in connection with specific examples and comparative examples. The experimental parameters not specified in the following specific examples are preferentially referred to the guidelines given in the application document, and may also be referred to the experimental manuals in the art or other experimental methods known in the art, or to the experimental conditions recommended by the manufacturer.
Example 1
The dispersing agent in the embodiment is polyisobutylene succinate, the two-dimensional material is molybdenum disulfide, the surfactant is polyvinyl alcohol, the shell material is urea and formaldehyde, the lubricant is PAO6 lubricating oil, and the curing agent is ammonium chloride and m-diphenol.
The preparation method of the solid-liquid composite high-bearing microcapsule with the core material containing 15% of molybdenum disulfide comprises the following steps:
(1) Dispersing 2% of polyisobutylene succinate in PAO6 lubricating oil (namely, the mass of the polyisobutylene succinate accounts for 2% of the mass of the PAO6 lubricating oil), magnetically stirring for 30min, then adding 15% of molybdenum disulfide (namely, the mass ratio of the molybdenum disulfide to the PAO6 lubricating oil is 0.15:1), and magnetically stirring for 30min;
(2) 200mL of 1wt% polyvinyl alcohol aqueous solution, 5g of urea, 0.5g of ammonium chloride and 0.5g of m-diphenol are added into a 1L three-neck flask with stirring paddles, and after stirring until dissolved, the pH is adjusted to 3.5 by hydrochloric acid;
(3) Adding 10g of the oil phase containing molybdenum disulfide obtained in the step (1) into a three-neck flask, and stirring and emulsifying for 10min;
(4) The molar ratio of urea to formaldehyde is 1.5:1 adding 37% of formaldehyde aqueous solution, reacting for 4 hours at 75 ℃, and carrying out suction filtration to obtain the solid-liquid composite microcapsule containing 15% of molybdenum disulfide, wherein the shell material is urea formaldehyde resin, and the mass percentage of the shell material in the solid-liquid composite microcapsule containing 15% of molybdenum disulfide is about 40%.
The microcapsule composite material (solid-liquid composite microcapsule) of this example was observed by a scanning electron microscope and a transmission electron microscope, and the results are shown in fig. 2 to 3. As can be seen from fig. 2 to 3, the microcapsule composite material prepared by the present application has a spherical structure, and the prepared microcapsule composite material successfully coats molybdenum disulfide inside the shell material. The microcapsule composites of this example were subjected to a load bearing test, the results of which are shown in fig. 4. Stainless steel is used as a friction pair, and the friction pair is 127mm in length 2 The bearing capacity of the microcapsule composite material of the embodiment reaches 6kN under the conditions of contact area and 0.5kN-7kN incremental load.
Example 2
In the embodiment, the dispersing agent is benzylamine, the two-dimensional material is graphene, the surfactant is gum arabic, the initiator is azodiisobutyl cyanide, the shell material is methyl methacrylate, and the lubricant is PAO6 lubricating oil.
A preparation method of a solid-liquid composite high-bearing microcapsule with a core material containing 10% of graphene comprises the following steps:
(1) Dispersing 4% of benzylamine in PAO6 lubricating oil (namely, the mass of benzylamine accounts for 4% of the mass of the PAO6 lubricating oil), magnetically stirring for 30min, then adding 10% of graphene (namely, the mass ratio of graphene to PAO6 lubricating oil is 0.1:1) and azodiisobutyl cyanide, and magnetically stirring for 30min;
(2) 200mL of a 0.5wt% aqueous solution of gum arabic was added to a 1L three-necked flask equipped with a stirring paddle;
(3) Adding 10g of the oil phase containing graphene obtained in the step (1) into a three-neck flask, and stirring and emulsifying for 10min;
(4) 5g of methyl methacrylate monomer is added, and after reaction is carried out for 4 hours at 80 ℃, the solid-liquid composite microcapsule containing 10% of graphene is obtained through suction filtration, wherein the shell material is polymethyl methacrylate, and the mass percentage of the shell material in the solid-liquid composite microcapsule containing 10% of graphene is about 40%.
The microcapsule composite material of this example was observed by using a scanning electron microscope and a transmission electron microscope, and the results were similar to fig. 2 to 3, which illustrate that the microcapsule composite material prepared in this application is of a spherical structure, and that the prepared microcapsule composite material successfully coats graphene inside the shell material. The microcapsule composite material of this example was subjected to a load bearing test with stainless steel as a friction pair at 127mm 2 The load carrying capacity of the microcapsule composite material of this example was about 6kN under 0.5kN-7kN incremental load conditions.
Example 3
The dispersing agent in the embodiment is Tween 80, the two-dimensional material is boron nitride, the surfactant is sodium dodecyl sulfate, the shell material is polyimide, and the lubricant is PAO6 lubricating oil.
A preparation method of a solid-liquid composite high-bearing microcapsule with a core material containing 20% of boron nitride comprises the following steps:
(1) Dispersing 4% of Tween 80 in PAO6 (namely, the mass of Tween 80 accounts for 4% of the mass of PAO6 lubricating oil), magnetically stirring for 30min, then adding 20% of boron nitride (namely, the mass ratio of boron nitride to PAO6 lubricating oil is 0.2:1), and magnetically stirring for 30min;
(2) 200mL of a 1wt% aqueous solution of sodium dodecyl sulfate was added to a 1L three-necked flask equipped with a stirring paddle;
(3) Dissolving 4g of the oil phase containing boron nitride obtained in the step (1) and 2g of polyimide into 40mL of dichloromethane, adding the mixture into a three-neck flask, and stirring and emulsifying for 10min;
(4) And (3) carrying out suction filtration after reacting for 4 hours at 45 ℃ to obtain the solid-liquid composite microcapsule containing 20% of boron nitride, wherein the shell material is polyimide, and the mass percentage of the shell material in the solid-liquid composite microcapsule containing 20% of boron nitride is about 60%.
The results of observing the microcapsule composite material of this example using a scanning electron microscope and a transmission electron microscope are similar to those of fig. 2 to 3, which show that the microcapsule composite material prepared in this application has a spherical structure, and that the prepared microcapsule composite material successfully coats boron nitride inside the shell material. The microcapsule composite material of this example was subjected to a load bearing test with stainless steel as a friction pair at 127mm 2 The load carrying capacity of the microcapsule composite material of this example was about 6kN under 0.5kN-7kN incremental load conditions.
Example 4
Substantially the same as in example 1, the difference is that: in the step (1), molybdenum disulfide with the mass percentage of 1 percent is added, namely the mass ratio of the molybdenum disulfide to the PAO6 lubricating oil is 0.01:1.
the microcapsule composite material of this example was subjected to a load bearing test with stainless steel as a friction pair at 127mm 2 The load bearing capacity of the microcapsule composite material of this example was 3kN under 0.5kN-7kN incremental load conditions.
Example 5
Substantially the same as in example 1, the difference is that: in the step (1), molybdenum disulfide with the mass percentage of 25 percent is added, namely the mass ratio of the molybdenum disulfide to the PAO6 lubricating oil is 0.25:1.
the microcapsule composite material of this example was subjected to a load bearing test with stainless steel as a friction pair at 127mm 2 The load bearing capacity of the microcapsule composite material of this example was 3kN under 0.5kN-7kN incremental load conditions.
Example 6
Substantially the same as in example 1, the difference is that: in the step (1), 30% of molybdenum disulfide is added, namely, the mass ratio of the molybdenum disulfide to the PAO6 lubricating oil is 0.3:1.
the microcapsule composite material of this example was subjected to a load bearing test with stainless steel as a friction pair at 127mm 2 The load bearing capacity of the microcapsule composite material of this example was 2kN under 0.5kN-7kN incremental load conditions.
Comparative example 1
The solid-liquid composite microcapsule is prepared by a solvent evaporation method, and the steps are as follows:
(1) 2g of polyimide and 4g of PAO6 were dissolved in 40mL of methylene chloride;
(2) Dissolving 1g of polyvinyl alcohol and 0.5g of gum arabic in water to obtain a water phase, stirring the water phase, and slowly adding the oil phase obtained in the step (1) to obtain a mixed solution;
(3) And (3) stirring the mixed solution obtained in the step (2) for 4 hours at the temperature of 45 ℃ to prepare the polyimide microcapsule containing the PAO6 oil, namely, the core material of the microcapsule is PAO6 lubricating oil, and the shell material is polyimide.
The microcapsule composite of this comparative example was subjected to a load-bearing test, and the results are shown in fig. 5. Stainless steel is used as a friction pair, and the friction pair is 127mm in length 2 The load bearing capacity of the microcapsule composite material of the comparative example is only 1.5kN under the conditions of contact area and 0.5kN-1.5kN increasing load, which shows that the lubricating performance of the microcapsule composite material prepared in comparative example 1 is obviously poorer than that of the microcapsule composite materials prepared in examples 1-6 under high load.
Comparative example 2
Substantially the same as in example 1, the difference is that: molybdenum disulfide is not added in the step (1).
The microcapsule composites of this comparative example were subjected to a load bearing test, the results being similar to those of fig. 5. Stainless steel is used as a friction pair, and the friction pair is 127mm in length 2 Under the conditions of contact area and 0.5kN-1.5kN incremental load, the bearing capacity of the microcapsule composite material of the comparative example is only about 1.5kN, which is obviously poorer than that of the microcapsule composite material prepared in the embodiment 1, and the two-dimensional material and the lubricant are used as core materials in a matched manner, so that the high bearing capacity of the microcapsule composite material can be improved.
The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-described embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.
The above examples only represent a few embodiments of the present application, which are described in more detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the claims. It should be noted that it would be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements could be made without departing from the spirit of the present application, which would be within the scope of the present application. The scope of the patent application is therefore intended to be covered by the appended claims, which description and drawings may be construed in view of the claims.
Claims (12)
1. The solid-liquid composite microcapsule is characterized by comprising a core material and a shell material coating the core material, wherein the core material comprises a lubricant, a two-dimensional material and a dispersing agent, and the two-dimensional material comprises one or more of graphene, molybdenum disulfide, tungsten disulfide, boron nitride and black phosphorus.
2. The solid liquid composite microcapsule of claim 1, wherein the lubricant comprises one or more of polyalphaolefins, perfluoropolyethers, silicone oils, and tung oils.
3. The solid-liquid composite microcapsule according to any one of claims 1 to 2, wherein a mass ratio of the two-dimensional material and the lubricant is (0.01 to 0.25): 1, a step of; alternatively, (0.1 to 0.2): 1.
4. the solid liquid composite microcapsule of claim 1, wherein the dispersant comprises one or more of tween 80, boronated polyisobutylene bissuccinimide, polyisobutylene succinate, benzylamine, and ashless phosphate.
5. The solid-liquid composite microcapsule according to claim 1, wherein the shell material comprises one or more of urea formaldehyde resin, polyimide, polystyrene, polyurethane, and polysulfone.
6. The solid-liquid composite microcapsule according to any one of claims 1 to 2 and 4 to 5, wherein the mass percentage of the dispersant to the lubricant is 0.1 to 10% based on the lubricant.
7. The solid-liquid composite microcapsule according to any one of claims 1 to 2 and 4 to 5, wherein the mass percentage of the core material in the solid-liquid composite microcapsule is 40% to 60%.
8. The method of preparing a solid-liquid composite microcapsule according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the method of preparing comprises one or more of an in situ polymerization method, an interfacial polymerization method, and a solvent evaporation method.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the in situ polymerization process comprises the steps of:
mixing the two-dimensional material, the dispersant and the lubricant to prepare the core material;
emulsifying the core material into micro-oil drops in a water phase containing a surfactant and a first shell material, and polymerizing the first shell material on the surfaces of the micro-oil drops to form the shell material;
optionally, the first shell material comprises at least two of urea, formaldehyde, polyisocyanate, and unsaturated polyol.
10. The method of claim 8, wherein the interfacial polymerization method comprises the steps of:
mixing the two-dimensional material, the dispersant and the lubricant to prepare the core material;
after mixing an initiator and the core material, emulsifying the core material into micro-oil drops in a water phase containing a surfactant and a second shell material, and polymerizing the second shell material under the action of the initiator to form the shell material;
optionally, the initiator comprises one or more of azobisisobutyronitrile, potassium persulfate, benzoyl peroxide, and azobisisoheptonitrile;
optionally, the second shell material comprises one or more of methyl methacrylate, styrene, and methyl styrene.
11. The method of claim 8, wherein the solvent evaporation method comprises the steps of:
mixing the two-dimensional material, the dispersant and the lubricant to prepare the core material;
dissolving the core material and the third shell material raw material into an organic solvent to obtain a mixed solution;
dispersing the mixed solution into an aqueous phase containing a surfactant for emulsification;
heating the emulsified liquid obtained by emulsification to volatilize the organic solvent, and separating out the third shell material raw material to form the shell material;
optionally, the organic solvent comprises one or more of dichloromethane, dimethylformamide and chloroform;
optionally, the third shell material comprises one or more of polyimide, polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate, and polysulfone.
12. Use of a solid-liquid composite microcapsule according to any one of claims 1 to 7 or a solid-liquid composite microcapsule produced by the production method according to any one of claims 8 to 11 in the production of a lubricating material.
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