CN116212259A

CN116212259A - Descent control device applied to cableway rescue

Info

Publication number: CN116212259A
Application number: CN202310513525.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王黎斌; 李伟忠; 王陆嘉; 王启洲; 朱俊超; 周俊坚; 邓丽芬; 吴斌; 周东; 周原冰
Original assignee: Hangzhou Special Equipment Testing And Research Institute Hangzhou Special Equipment Emergency Response Center
Current assignee: Hangzhou Special Equipment Testing And Research Institute Hangzhou Special Equipment Emergency Response Center
Priority date: 2023-05-09
Filing date: 2023-05-09
Publication date: 2023-06-06
Anticipated expiration: 2043-05-09
Also published as: CN116212259B

Abstract

The invention discloses a descent control device applied to cableway rescue, which comprises a shell and a rope, wherein a reduction gear set is arranged in the shell, the reduction gear set comprises a high-speed gear and a low-speed gear, a first pulley is connected with a shaft of the low-speed gear through a spline, and the rope is sleeved on the periphery of the first pulley; the speed-changing gear is characterized by further comprising a speed-changing shaft, one end of the speed-changing shaft is meshed with the high-speed gear, the other end of the speed-changing shaft extends out of the shell and is sleeved with a friction wheel, a friction plate is arranged outside the shell, and the friction plate is contacted with the peripheral wall of the friction wheel to form friction. The speed control device adopts the speed reduction gear set to control the speed of the rope by matching with the speed change shaft provided with the adjusting structure, has good transmission effect, high speed reduction efficiency, good structural stability and good speed stability of the rope during the action.

Description

Descent control device applied to cableway rescue

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of descent control devices, and relates to a descent control device applied to cableway rescue.

Background

The descent control device is an important tool in cableway rescue work, and can slowly descend and convey trapped personnel to the ground from a high cableway under reasonable arrangement and use.

The scheme commonly used in the prior cableway rescue work is that rescue workers are lifted to the height of the cableway, the rescue workers fix the self descent control device on the cableway or a cable car, the self descent control device assists trapped workers to wear hanging strips and then protect the trapped workers from descent, but the prior descent control device has single model and can only realize descent at a certain speed, the weight of the trapped workers is different, the environment condition of the cableway rescue scene is complex, the control of the descent speed is particularly important, the prior descent control device cannot meet the control requirement on the descent speed, and the safety is poor in the rescue scene.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a descent control device applied to cableway rescue in order to overcome the defects of the prior art.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:

the descent control device for cableway rescue comprises a shell and a rope, wherein a speed reduction gear set is arranged in the shell and comprises a high-speed gear and a low-speed gear, a first pulley is connected to a shaft of the low-speed gear through a spline, and the rope is sleeved on the periphery of the first pulley; the speed-changing device comprises a shell, a high-speed gear, a speed-changing shaft, a friction plate and a friction plate, wherein the high-speed gear is meshed with the speed-changing shaft, the friction plate is sleeved outside the shell, and the friction plate is contacted with the peripheral wall of the friction plate to form friction; the friction wheel and/or the friction plate are/is driven to move along the axial direction of the speed changing shaft by the adjusting structure so as to increase or decrease the contact area of the friction wheel and the friction plate.

Further, the adjusting structure comprises an adjusting sleeve, threads are arranged on the speed changing shaft, the adjusting sleeve is in threaded connection with the speed changing shaft, a strip-shaped groove is axially formed in the speed changing shaft, the strip-shaped groove faces to the peripheral wall of the speed changing shaft and is an opening, a sliding part is arranged on the inner wall of the friction wheel, and the sliding part stretches into the strip-shaped groove and slides along the strip-shaped groove.

Further, the adjusting structure comprises a movable supporting plate, a through hole is formed in the movable supporting plate, and the speed changing shaft penetrates through the through hole; the friction plate is arranged on the movable supporting plate, an electric push rod is fixedly arranged on the movable supporting plate, the telescopic end of the electric push rod penetrates through the movable supporting plate and is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the shell, and the telescopic end of the electric push rod drives the movable supporting plate to axially move along the speed changing shaft.

Further, the friction wheel is of a conical structure which is folded towards the direction of the friction plate, the friction plate is hinged to the movable supporting plate, the friction plate is distributed along the circumferential direction of the speed changing shaft, and the friction plate can rotate relative to the speed changing shaft in the radial direction.

Further, the speed-changing mechanism further comprises an elastic sheet, wherein two ends of the elastic sheet are respectively connected to the movable supporting plate and the friction sheet, and the elastic sheet provides elasticity for the friction sheet towards the speed-changing shaft.

Further, a plurality of holes are further formed in the movable supporting plate, limiting columns penetrate through the holes, one ends of the limiting columns are fixedly connected to the outer wall of the shell, and the axes of the limiting columns are parallel to the axis of the speed changing shaft.

Further, the rope pulley further comprises a second pulley, the peripheral surface of the second pulley is propped against the rope, the rope pulley further comprises a support, an axle is rotatably connected to the support, the second pulley is sleeved on the axle, a sliding shaft is fixedly arranged on the support, and the sliding shaft is connected to the shell.

Further, the sliding shaft is in spline connection with the shell, one end of the sliding shaft extends out of the shell, a spring is sleeved on the sliding shaft, and two ends of the spring respectively prop against the support and the shell.

Further, strip-shaped protrusions are arranged on the peripheral wall of the first pulley, and the strip-shaped protrusions are distributed in an annular array with the axis of the first pulley as the center.

In summary, the invention has the following advantages:

the speed control device adopts the speed reduction gear set to control the speed of the rope by matching with the speed change shaft provided with the adjusting structure, has good transmission effect, high speed reduction efficiency, good structural stability and good speed stability of the rope during the action.

The adjusting structure is convenient for rescue workers to automatically adjust the rotating speed of the speed changing shaft, realizes the control of the lowering speed of the rope, can accurately adjust according to the actual rescue condition, and has strong applicability; the automatic adjustment can be carried out through the electric push rod, manual control of rescue workers is not needed, the lowering speed of the rope can be controlled remotely, the operation is more convenient, the safety is stronger, and the applicability is stronger.

The adjusting structure forms braking through contact friction between the friction plate and the friction wheel, and controls braking force through increasing and reducing contact area so as to control the rotating speed of the speed changing shaft, and the adjusting structure is simple and effective in structure and convenient to operate; and the external friction plate and the friction wheel can be conveniently replaced, so that the effective braking effect is ensured, and the durability is greatly improved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of fig. 1 at another view angle.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of fig. 1 at still another view angle.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the adjusting structure part in fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the movable support plate in fig. 5 under action.

The marks in the figure are as follows: 1. a rope; 11. a first pulley; 21. a low-speed gear; 22. a high-speed gear; 23. a transmission gear; 3. a variable speed shaft; 31. a friction wheel; 32. an adjustment sleeve; 33. a bar-shaped groove; 34. a movable support plate; 35. a friction plate; 36. an elastic sheet; 37. an electric push rod; 38. a limit column; 41. a second pulley; 42. a wheel axle; 43. a bracket; 44. a slide shaft; 45. and (3) a spring.

Detailed Description

Other advantages and effects of the present invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following disclosure, which describes the embodiments of the present invention with reference to specific examples. The invention may be practiced or carried out in other embodiments that depart from the specific details, and the details of the present description may be modified or varied from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It should be noted that the following embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.

It should be noted that, the illustrations provided in the following embodiments merely illustrate the basic concept of the present invention by way of illustration, and only the components related to the present invention are shown in the drawings and are not drawn according to the number, shape and size of the components in actual implementation, and the form, number and proportion of each component in actual implementation may be arbitrarily changed, and the layout of the components may be more complex.

All directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, rear, lateral, longitudinal … …) in embodiments of the present invention are merely used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement, etc. between the components in a particular gesture, and if the particular gesture changes, the directional indication changes accordingly.

For reasons of installation errors, the parallel relationship referred to in the embodiments of the present invention may be an approximately parallel relationship, and the perpendicular relationship may be an approximately perpendicular relationship.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a descent control device for cableway rescue comprises a shell, wherein a connecting structure is arranged on the shell, and is connected to a cableway or a cable car and the like to fix the position of the shell, a rope 1 is arranged on the shell, the rope 1 passes through the shell, two ends of the rope 1 are led out of the shell, one end of the rope 1 is connected with a sling for being fixed on a person, the other end of the rope is wound in a reel, when the descent control device is used for cableway rescue, the shell is fixedly connected to the cable car or the cable car through the connecting structure, and then the sling is fixed on a person to be rescued, so that the person to be rescued can slowly descend.

Specifically, for realizing slow descent of the rope 1, a reduction gear set is disposed in the casing, the reduction gear set includes a high-speed gear 22, a high-speed shaft, a low-speed gear 21, and a low-speed shaft, a transmission gear 23 is further disposed on the high-speed shaft, the transmission gear 23 is meshed with the low-speed gear 21, a first pulley 11 is fixedly sleeved on the low-speed shaft, the first pulley 11 rotates around the low-speed shaft, the rope 1 is sleeved on the outer circumference of the first pulley 11, preferably, a half part of the outer circumference of the first pulley 11 is in contact with the rope 1, the rotation of the first pulley 11 drives the rope 1 to act, or the rope 1 drives the first sliding to rotate in pulling, and the rope 1 should keep frictional contact with the first pulley 11 to avoid sliding between the two pulleys, so that the movement speed of the rope 1 approaches to or is equal to the rotation speed of the first pulley 11.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, a speed-changing shaft 3 is further provided, one end of the speed-changing shaft 3 is located in the housing and engaged with the high-speed gear 22, and the other end of the speed-changing shaft extends out of the housing and is provided with an adjusting structure for controlling the rotation speed of the speed-changing shaft 3, and further controlling the rotation speed of the first pulley 11 through the transmission relation of the reduction gear set, and further controlling the movement speed of the rope 1.

In order to ensure that relative sliding cannot easily occur due to the excellent friction relationship between the rope 1 and the first pulley 11, an arc groove is formed in the circumferential surface of the first pulley 11 in an inward recessed manner, the rope 1 is positioned in the arc groove, the contact area between the rope 1 and the first pulley 11 is increased, a plurality of strip-shaped protrusions are further arranged on the inner wall of the arc groove, and the strip-shaped protrusions are distributed in an annular array with the axis of the first pulley 11 as the center, so that the contact friction force between the rope 1 and the first pulley 11 is increased.

In order to further keep the rope 1 attached to the first pulley 11, to avoid the rope 1 from falling off the first pulley 11 at a certain speed, a second pulley 41 is further provided in this embodiment, the second pulley 41 is provided on the circumferential side of the first pulley 11, the axes of the second pulley 41 and the first pulley are parallel, the first pulley 11 and the second pulley 41 are located on the same plane in the axial direction, and the circumferential surface of the second pulley 41 abuts against the rope 1 to clamp the rope 1 together with the first pulley 11, so as to avoid the rope 1 from falling off.

The second pulley 41 has a circumferential surface recessed inward as the first rope 1 and is also provided with a bar-shaped protrusion to increase friction against the rope 1.

In order to ensure the fixed position and the rotation effect of the second pulley 41, the second pulley 41 is arranged on a bracket 43, the bracket 43 is provided with an axle 42, two ends of the axle 42 are connected to the bracket 43 through rotating bearings, the second pulley 41 is in spline connection with the axle 42, and can rotate by taking the axle 42 as a rotating shaft, and further, when the rope 1 acts, a sliding shaft 44 is fixedly arranged on the bracket 43, the sliding shaft 44 extends outwards through the inner wall of the shell, the sliding shaft 44 is in spline connection with the shell, and the bracket 43 can move along the axial direction of the sliding shaft 44, and the axial direction of the sliding shaft 44 is distributed along the radial direction of the first pulley 11, so that the second pulley 41 can be driven to approach/separate from the rope 1 along the radial direction of the first pulley 11; the sliding shaft 44 is further sleeved with a spring 45, two ends of the spring 45 respectively prop against the inner wall of the shell and the bracket 43, and further a certain thrust force is provided for the bracket 43, so that the second pulley 41 props against the rope 1, a certain pressure is generated for the rope 1, the rope 1 is prevented from falling off, and a good friction effect is ensured.

The combined structure of the second pulley 41 and the bracket 43 is preferably provided with two groups, which are respectively arranged at the top and the side of the first pulley 11, so as to ensure that the rope 1 is propped against at least two points, enhance the stability, and ensure that at least one quarter of the first pulley 11 is contacted with the rope 1.

For the rotational speed control of the shift shaft 3, the adjustment mechanism includes manual or automatic adjustment, as shown with reference to fig. 3 and 4.

In one embodiment, the adjusting mechanism may be manually adjusted, the outer peripheral wall of the speed-changing shaft 3 is provided with threads along the axial direction, the adjusting mechanism includes a friction wheel 31 and an adjusting sleeve 32, the friction wheel 31 is sleeved outside the speed-changing shaft 3, a bar-shaped groove 33 is axially provided on the speed-changing shaft 3, one side of the bar-shaped groove 33 is provided towards the peripheral wall of the speed-changing shaft 3, a sliding part is provided on the inner wall of the friction wheel 31, the sliding part extends into the bar-shaped groove 33 and can slide along the bar-shaped groove 33, and the friction wheel 31 can reciprocate on the speed-changing shaft 3 along the axial direction but cannot rotate relative to the speed-changing shaft 3; the adjusting sleeve 32 is sleeved on the speed changing shaft 3 and is in threaded connection with the speed changing shaft 3, and one end of the adjusting sleeve 32 abuts against the friction wheel 31 or is in rotational connection with the friction wheel 31.

The outer wall of the housing is provided with a corresponding friction plate 35, when the friction wheel 31 and the friction plate 35 are overlapped in the axial direction of the speed changing shaft 3, the friction plate 35 and the outer peripheral wall of the friction wheel 31 have contact with a certain area, and when the speed changing shaft 3 rotates to drive the friction wheel 31 to rotate, the friction plate 35 and the friction wheel 31 generate a corresponding friction force to prevent the rotation of the speed changing shaft 3, so that the effect of controlling the rotation speed is achieved; and then use slow-descent control device to rescue the condition, will the casing is fixed, is worn the suspender by the rescue personnel after, and the rescue personnel can be according to the weight of the rescue personnel and the actual speed of falling when descending, to adjusting sleeve 32 rotates, because threaded connection's characteristic, adjusting sleeve 32 can be followed under rotating the axial of gear shift shaft 3 carries out the removal, and then can outwards pull out or inwards promote friction wheel 31, makes friction wheel 31 can keep away from in the axial or be close to friction disc 35, and then can adjust friction disc 35 with friction wheel 31's area of contact is adjusted correspondingly, and then control the rotational speed of gear shift shaft 3 is fast slow, finally controls the speed of falling of the rescue personnel, guarantees the steady security in the decline.

Under certain control of the rotating speed of the speed changing shaft 3, the rotating speed of the first pulley 11 can be further reduced through the transmission speed reducing effect of the speed reducing gear set, the torque of the first pulley is increased, and the stability of the corresponding rope 1 is ensured under the condition of retarding.

In another embodiment, the adjusting mechanism may realize automatic adjustment, firstly, the speed-changing shaft 3 is sleeved with a friction wheel 31, the friction wheel 31 and the speed-changing shaft 3 are relatively fixed by bolts, the adjusting mechanism further includes a movable support plate 34, the movable support plate 34 is close to or abutted against the outer wall of the housing in a natural state, a through hole is formed in the middle of the movable support plate 34, the speed-changing shaft 3 passes through the through hole, and the movable support plate 34 can move along the axial direction of the speed-changing shaft 3; the movable supporting plate 34 is provided with a friction plate 35, when the friction wheel 31 and the friction plate 35 are overlapped in the axial direction of the speed change shaft 3, the friction plate 35 is in contact with the outer peripheral wall of the friction wheel 31 in a certain area, the movable supporting plate 34 is fixedly connected with an electric push rod 37, the telescopic end of the electric push rod 37 movably penetrates through the movable supporting plate 34 and is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the shell, the electric push rod 37 stretches and contracts in the axial direction of the speed change shaft 3, and the movable supporting plate 34 can be driven to move in the axial direction so as to drive the friction plate 35 to be close to or far away from the friction wheel 31, so that the contact area between the friction plate and the friction plate is increased or reduced, the corresponding friction force is adjusted, the rotating speed of the speed change shaft 3 is adjusted, and the corresponding action relation is shown by referring to fig. 5 and 6; meanwhile, a corresponding controller is arranged on the shell, the controller is electrically connected with the electric push rod 37 to control the telescopic action of the electric push rod 37, remote control equipment is further arranged, the remote control equipment is in communication connection with the controller, the remote control equipment can send out an instruction for controlling the action of the electric push rod 37 to the controller, so that rescue workers can control the action of the electric push rod 37 through the remote controller, manual operation is not needed, the safety is better, the operability is stronger, and the applicability is stronger.

And still be equipped with a plurality of holes on the movable supporting plate 34, wear to be equipped with spacing post 38 in the hole, the one end fixed connection of spacing post 38 in the outer wall of casing, the axis of spacing post 38 with the axis of variable speed shaft 3 is parallel, spacing post 38 is for movable supporting plate 34 provides support and direction, in order to further guarantee the action stability and the supportability of movable supporting plate 34.

In both embodiments, the friction plate 35 is in a tapered structure folded towards the direction of the friction plate 35, the friction plate 35 is hinged to the outer wall of the casing in the former embodiment, and is hinged to the movable support plate 34 in the latter embodiment, the friction plate 35 in both embodiments comprises a plurality of friction plates and is arranged along the circumferential annular array of the speed change shaft 3, the friction plate 35 can rotate relative to the radial direction of the speed change shaft 3, and an elastic plate 36 is further provided to maintain the position of the friction plate 35, one end of the elastic plate 36 is connected to the friction plate 35, the other end of the elastic plate 36 is connected to the outer wall of the casing in the former embodiment, the elastic plate 36 provides elastic force to the speed change shaft 3 in the radial direction, when the friction plate 31 and the friction plate 35 are overlapped in the axial direction, the friction plate 35 can be well pressed against the friction plate 31, and the friction plate 35 can be well pressed against the friction plate 35 can be well-fit.

The friction wheel 31 and the friction plate 35 are arranged outside, and the friction plate 35 is detachably connected to the shell or the movable support plate 34 through bolts and the like, so that the friction wheel 31 and the friction plate 35 can be very conveniently replaced after being worn to a certain extent, and the descent control device is not required to be detached.

The two embodiments can also be combined, so that the adjusting structure comprises a series of components such as an adjusting sleeve 32 and a movable supporting plate 34, and the position adjustment between the friction wheel 31 and the friction plate 35 can be manual or automatic, and in rescue works with changeable environment and conditions, various use options can be provided for flexibly adjusting various conditions.

It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any inventive effort, shall fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The descent control device for cableway rescue comprises a shell and a rope (1), and is characterized in that a reduction gear set is arranged in the shell and comprises a high-speed gear (22) and a low-speed gear (21), a first pulley (11) is connected to a shaft of the low-speed gear (21) through a spline, and the rope (1) is sleeved on the periphery of the first pulley (11); the speed-changing device comprises a shell, a high-speed gear (22) and a speed-changing shaft (3), wherein one end of the speed-changing shaft (3) is meshed with the high-speed gear, the other end of the speed-changing shaft extends out of the shell and is sleeved with a friction wheel (31), a friction plate (35) is arranged outside the shell, and the friction plate (35) is contacted with the peripheral wall of the friction wheel (31) to form friction; and the speed change mechanism is also provided with an adjusting structure, and the adjusting structure drives the friction wheel (31) and/or the friction plate (35) to move along the axial direction of the speed change shaft (3) so as to increase or decrease the contact area of the friction wheel (31) and the friction plate (35).

2. The descent control device for cableway rescue according to claim 1, wherein the adjusting structure comprises an adjusting sleeve (32), the speed changing shaft (3) is provided with threads, the adjusting sleeve (32) is in threaded connection with the speed changing shaft (3), the speed changing shaft (3) is provided with a strip-shaped groove (33) along the axial direction, the strip-shaped groove (33) is arranged towards the peripheral wall of the speed changing shaft (3) in an opening mode, the inner wall of the friction wheel (31) is provided with a sliding part, and the sliding part stretches into the strip-shaped groove (33) and slides along the strip-shaped groove (33).

3. The descent control device for cableway rescue according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the adjusting structure comprises a movable supporting plate (34), a through hole is formed in the movable supporting plate (34), and the speed changing shaft (3) penetrates through the through hole; the friction plate (35) is arranged on the movable supporting plate (34), an electric push rod (37) is fixedly arranged on the movable supporting plate (34), the telescopic end of the electric push rod (37) penetrates through the movable supporting plate (34) and is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the shell, and the telescopic end of the electric push rod (37) drives the movable supporting plate (34) to move along the axial direction of the speed changing shaft (3).

4. A descent control device for cableway rescue according to claim 3, characterized in that the friction wheel (31) is of a tapered structure folded towards the direction of the friction plate (35), the friction plate (35) is hinged on the movable support plate (34), the friction plate (35) is arranged along the circumferential direction of the speed change shaft (3), and the friction plate (35) can rotate radially relative to the speed change shaft (3).

5. The descent control device for cableway rescue according to claim 4, further comprising an elastic sheet (36), wherein two ends of the elastic sheet (36) are respectively connected to the movable supporting plate (34) and the friction sheet (35), and the elastic sheet (36) provides elastic force for the friction sheet (35) towards the speed change shaft (3).

6. A descent control device for cableway rescue according to claim 3, characterized in that the movable supporting plate (34) is further provided with a plurality of holes, a limiting column (38) is arranged in each hole in a penetrating mode, one end of each limiting column (38) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the shell, and the axis of each limiting column (38) is parallel to the axis of the corresponding speed change shaft (3).

7. The descent control device for cableway rescue according to claim 1, further comprising a second pulley (41), wherein the peripheral surface of the second pulley (41) is propped against the rope (1), and further comprises a support (43), an axle (42) is rotatably connected to the support (43), the second pulley (41) is sleeved on the axle (42), a sliding shaft (44) is fixedly arranged on the support (43), and the sliding shaft (44) is connected to the shell.

8. The descent control device for cableway rescue according to claim 7, wherein the sliding shaft (44) is in spline connection with the shell, one end of the sliding shaft (44) extends out of the shell, a spring (45) is sleeved on the sliding shaft (44), and two ends of the spring (45) are respectively abutted to the bracket (43) and the shell.

9. The descent control device for cableway rescue according to claim 1, wherein strip-shaped protrusions are arranged on the peripheral wall of the first pulley (11), and the strip-shaped protrusions are distributed in an annular array with the axis of the first pulley (11) as the center.