CN116211538A - Ligament graft fixing device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a ligament graft fixing device, which is characterized in that a femur end unfolding structure and a tibia end unfolding structure are respectively arranged on a femur end upright post and a tibia end upright post; the tibia end of the pushing rod and the unfolding ends of the two unfolding structures are respectively provided with a first through hole, a second through hole and a third through hole which are respectively used for enabling beam splitting parts at two ends of the ligament graft to pass through. After entering the bone tunnel, the femur end unfolding structure can be unfolded in the inverted trapezoid bone tunnel at the femur side to form an umbrella-shaped structure and fixed at the umbrella-shaped structure, and the tibia end unfolding structure can be unfolded in the inverted trapezoid bone tunnel at the tibia side to form the umbrella-shaped structure and fixed at the umbrella-shaped structure. After the ligament graft is implanted, beam splitting parts at two ends are in a bilateral umbrella shape, so that large-area contact with a bone surface in a tension direction is realized, and the joint kinematics and tendon-bone interface normal force conduction mode after operation can be better recovered.

Description

Ligament graft fixing device

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of medical appliances, and particularly relates to a ligament graft fixing device.

Background

Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) is one of the most important ligaments in the knee joint, its macroscopic form being hourglass, the middle of the ligament being the thinnest, and the closer to the two lateral bone surfaces, the greater the cross-sectional area. ACL has the function of limiting excessive tibial advancement, pronation, and valgus. Because ACL plays an important role in bearing joint forces, its injury is also one of the most common kinematic injuries, and clinically there is often a complete tear, where most patients need surgical treatment. The current mainstream surgical treatment is ACL reconstruction, i.e. replacing the native ACL with the transplanted ligament, and fixing the two ends of the transplanted ligament in the femur and tibia side bone tunnels, respectively. However, the existing ACL reconstruction surgery mostly adopts a columnar implant with a basically constant cross-sectional area, is placed in a bilateral bone tunnel in a hanging fixation or extrusion fixation mode, and does not recover the anatomical form, area and corresponding biomechanical function of ACL bone dead points (ACL-bone interfaces), so that a series of postoperative complications are caused, and are mainly reflected in abnormal joint kinematics, the occurrence of postoperative arthritis caused by abnormal stress of articular cartilage, poor healing of tendon-bone interfaces caused by too small contact area between an implanted ligament and bone in a tension direction, and further the problems of expansion of the bone tunnel, looseness of the implant, failure of fixation and the like are caused.

The prior ACL transplanted ligament is in a columnar shape with a basically constant cross-sectional area, and the prior fixing technology comprises extrusion fixing, suspension fixing and bone penetrating fixing. The screw is arranged between the transplanted ligament and the bone tunnel to drill in, and the transverse extrusion force enables a large static friction force to be generated along the direction of the bone tunnel so as to prevent the transplanted ligament from sliding out. The hanging and fixing mode is that the cortical bone outside the tunnel is clamped above the ligament to be hung in the bone tunnel, so that the cortical bone is prevented from sliding out of the bone tunnel and entering the joint cavity. The fixation mode of the bone-penetrating tunnel is similar to suspension fixation, the difference is that the bone needle can be completely inserted into the bone, foreign body sensation can be reduced subcutaneously, and the length requirement on the transplanted ligament is lower.

The above approach still has the following drawbacks:

1. the cross-sectional area of the existing transplanted ligament is almost constant, the whole ligament is columnar, and when the cross-sectional area is too small, the stability of the joint after operation cannot be recovered; when the cross-sectional area is too large, the middle of the transplanted ligament and the top of the femoral intercondylar fossa can be impacted, and the transplanted ligament is invalid. The columnar transplanted ligament can not synchronously recover the tightness of each degree of freedom of the joint, so that abnormal stress of the articular cartilage is caused, and the early occurrence of arthritis is caused after operation;

2. the existing transplanting ligament fixing method is only suitable for transplanting ligaments with constant cross-sectional areas, and cannot realize the fixation of hourglass-shaped/umbrella-shaped transplanting ligaments;

3. the existing fixing method has high requirement on the length of the transplanted ligament, in particular to suspension type fixing, and often the transplanted ligament is required to be distributed in the whole bone tunnel;

4. the existing fixing method is only suitable for transplanting ligaments with smaller cross-sectional area, such as common suspension type fixation often requires a longer bone tunnel, so that the cross-sectional area of the bone tunnel is smaller to ensure that the bone mass of the femoral condyle can not be lost too much. However, the smaller cross-sectional area can lead to limited contact area of the transplanted ligament with bone in the tension direction, so that the tendon-bone interface is not healed, and the postoperative interface fixation failure is caused;

5. the prior fixation methods all lead the main contact surface of the transplanted ligament and the bone to be parallel to the ligament Zhang Lifang, so that the ligament-bone interface is mainly subjected to shearing force, which is quite different from the stress mode of a normal ACL-bone interface. The normal ACL-bone interface is mainly subjected to the tensile force perpendicular to the interface, so that the interface gradually becomes a 4-layer microstructure, the rigidity from a ligament to a bone gradually increases, and the stress concentration phenomenon of the ligament-bone interface is reduced. The stress mode of the existing fixing method interface is not provided with the force conduction function.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a ligament graft fixing device, which comprises the following technical scheme:

the ligament graft fixation device of the present invention includes:

the femoral end of the pushing rod is detachably connected with a femoral end upright post, the tibial end of the pushing rod is provided with a first through hole, and the tibial end of the pushing rod is detachably connected with a tibial end upright post;

the fixed end of the femur end unfolding structure is arranged at the femur end of the femur end upright post, and the unfolding end of the femur end unfolding structure is used for unfolding outwards towards the radial direction of the pushing rod; at least one second through hole is formed in the unfolding end of the femur end unfolding structure;

the fixed end of the tibia end unfolding structure is arranged on the tibia end upright post, and the unfolding end of the tibia end unfolding structure is used for unfolding outwards towards the radial direction of the pushing rod; at least one third through hole is formed in the unfolding end of the tibia end unfolding structure;

the femoral and tibial ends of the implant are configured as at least one first split configured to pass through the corresponding second through hole and form a first closed loop with the implant, and at least one second split configured to pass through the corresponding first and third through holes in sequence to form a second closed loop;

after the femoral end unfolding structure and the tibial end unfolding structure on the pushing rod are configured with the target object, the femoral end unfolding structure and the first beam splitting are unfolded radially outwards and attached to a first position of the target object, the pushing rod exits the femoral end upright post, the tibial end unfolding structure and the second beam splitting are unfolded radially outwards and attached to a second position of the target object, after the unfolding is completed, the tibial end of the implant is fixed to the target object, and the relative positions of the femoral end unfolding structure and the target object are fixed, and the pushing rod exits the target object.

The ligament graft fixing device comprises a plurality of femur end unfolding structures, a plurality of middle rods, push rings, elastic limiting pieces and push rods, wherein the femur end unfolding structures comprise a plurality of femur end unfolding rods;

the first ends of the femur end unfolding rods are respectively encircled and rotationally connected with the first ends of the femur end upright posts; at least one second through hole is formed in the femur end unfolding rod;

the push ring is connected to the femur end upright post in a sliding way along the axial direction of the femur end upright post;

the first end of the middle rod is respectively and rotatably connected with the corresponding femur end unfolding rod, and the second end of the middle rod is respectively and rotatably connected with the push ring;

the elastic limiting piece is arranged on the femur end stand column in a telescopic way, and a first end face, facing the femur end stand column, of the elastic limiting piece is a limiting face;

the push rod is configured to extend into a target object and push the push ring to slide towards the first end of the femoral end upright post, the corresponding femoral end unfolding rod rotates under the action of the middle rod, the second end of the femoral end unfolding rod is gradually far away from the femoral end upright post, the push ring slides over the elastic limiting piece and is abutted against the limiting surface, and the femoral end unfolding rod is unfolded and positioned to a first position of the target object; after the deployment is completed, the push rod exits the target object.

According to the ligament graft fixing device, the femur end stand column is a hollow stand column, and a limit notch corresponding to the elastic limit piece is formed in the side wall of the hollow stand column;

the elastic limiting piece comprises an elastic rod and a limiting piece; the first end of the elastic rod is fixed on the inner wall surface of the hollow upright post, the second end of the elastic rod is provided with the limiting piece, and the limiting piece stretches out of the limiting notch under the action of the elastic force of the elastic rod;

the limiting piece comprises a limiting surface facing the first end of the femur end upright post and a guide inclined surface facing the second end of the femur end upright post; the push ring moves to contact the guide inclined plane and pushes the limiting piece to overcome the elastic force of the elastic rod and retract into the limiting notch.

The ligament graft fixing device comprises a long rod, and an annular structure and a clamping structure which are respectively arranged at two ends of the long rod;

the annular structure is provided with a clearance gap corresponding to the elastic limiting piece, and the clamping structure is a transverse extending plate extending outwards along the radial direction of the pushing rod.

The ligament graft fixation device of the invention, the tibia end unfolding structure comprises a plurality of tibia end unfolding rods;

the first ends of the tibia end unfolding rods are respectively encircled and rotationally connected with the first ends of the tibia end upright posts; at least one third through hole is formed in the tibia end unfolding rod;

after the femur end unfolding structure is unfolded, the pushing rod is detached from the femur end upright post and drives the tibia end upright post on the pushing rod to move towards the second position of the target object, the tibia end unfolding rod rotates under the traction action of the implant, and the second end of the tibia end unfolding rod is gradually far away from the tibia end upright post and is positioned to the second position of the target object; after the tibia end unfolding structure is unfolded, the pushing rod is detached from the tibia end upright post and exits from the target object.

According to the ligament graft fixing device, the second end of the femur end unfolding rod and the second end of the tibia end unfolding rod are respectively provided with a barb-shaped tooth-shaped structure.

According to the ligament graft fixing device, a plurality of second through holes are uniformly distributed on the femur end unfolding rod along the first end to the second end of the femur end unfolding rod;

and a plurality of third through holes are uniformly distributed on the tibia end unfolding rod respectively along the first end to the second end of the tibia end unfolding rod.

According to the ligament graft fixing device, the first end of the femur end stand column and the first end of the tibia end stand column are outwards extended along the radial direction to form an annular extension structure; a plurality of first connecting gaps are arranged on the annular extending structure at intervals along the annular direction, and a first rotating shaft is arranged in each first connecting gap;

the first end of the femur end unfolding rod and the first end of the tibia end unfolding rod respectively extend into the corresponding first connecting notch of the annular extending structure and are in rotary connection with the corresponding first rotating shaft.

The ligament graft fixing device comprises a middle rod and two side rods, wherein the side rods correspond to the femur end unfolding rod;

a plurality of second connection gaps are arranged on the push ring at intervals along the circumferential direction, and second rotating shafts are arranged in the second connection gaps;

the femur end unfolding rod is provided with a third rotating shaft extending out of two sides of the femur end unfolding rod;

the first end of the side rod extends into the corresponding second connecting notch and is rotationally connected with the second rotating shaft; the second ends of the side rods are rotatably connected to the corresponding sides of the third rotating shaft.

The ligament graft fixing device provided by the invention is characterized in that the pushing rod is a threaded rod; the femur end stand column and the tibia end stand column are respectively provided with corresponding threaded holes and are respectively in threaded connection with the threaded rod.

By adopting the technical scheme, the invention has the following advantages and positive effects compared with the prior art:

1. according to the embodiment of the invention, the femur end unfolding structure and the tibia end unfolding structure are respectively arranged on the femur end upright post and the tibia end upright post on the pushing rod; the tibia end of the pushing rod and the unfolding ends of the two unfolding structures are respectively provided with a first through hole, a second through hole and a third through hole which are respectively used for enabling beam splitting parts at two ends of the ligament graft to pass through. After entering the bone tunnel, the femur end unfolding structure can be unfolded in the inverted trapezoid bone tunnel at the femur side to form an umbrella-shaped structure and fixed at the umbrella-shaped structure, and the tibia end unfolding structure can be unfolded in the inverted trapezoid bone tunnel at the tibia side to form the umbrella-shaped structure and fixed at the umbrella-shaped structure. After the ligament graft is implanted, beam splitting parts at two ends are in a bilateral umbrella shape, so that large-area contact with bone surfaces in the tension direction is realized, and better recovery of postoperative joint kinematics is facilitated; in more detail, the main body fibers in the middle part of the ligament implant are longitudinally arranged, the auxiliary fibers are transversely arranged, so that the characteristic of small diameter of the middle part is maintained, the bundles are partially held and spread at the two ends of the ligament implant, the fiber spacing is gradually increased to enlarge the bone contact area, and the space between the adjacent bundles can accommodate the new fibrous tissue, so that the feasibility is provided for further tissue transformation in vivo.

2. In one embodiment of the invention, the fixing device can be connected with the umbrella-shaped ligament implant, realizes small diameter before operation, is convenient for minimally invasive operation implantation, and realizes physiological bilateral umbrella-shaped form of the implant by expanding the bone end part of the transplanted ligament after operation. In addition, the mating threads of the push rod with the femoral and tibial end posts allow the push rod to gradually complete the ligament graft placement and distraction steps and to be completely unthreaded after distraction of the bilateral deployment construct. Similarly, a push rod made of memory alloy with one side open can also be completely withdrawn after completing the task of expanding the femur end expanding structure. In addition, the side of every expansion rod is equipped with barb shape tooth form structure with the position of bone face contact for increase the frictional force between fixing device and the bone face, reinforcing fixed effect.

3. In one embodiment of the invention, the ligament graft has large-area contact with the bone surface in the tension direction, and the contact area between the ligament graft and the bone in the direction perpendicular to the ligament graft Zhang Lifang is smaller, so that the tendon-bone interface force conduction mode can be effectively improved, and the problems of bone tunnel expansion, implant looseness and fixation failure caused by abnormal tendon-bone interface stress can be reduced; the embodiment can improve abnormal tendon-bone interface force conduction modes caused by the prior art, promote the normal healing of tendon-bone interfaces and restore the normal force conduction function of the tendon-bone interfaces; meanwhile, the ligament graft hourglass type macro-anatomical morphology is realized, so that the joint kinematics after ACL reconstruction operation are better recovered, the abnormal stress of the articular cartilage is reduced, and the premature occurrence of arthritis after operation is avoided. In addition, the embodiment is applicable to transplanting ligaments with shorter and larger cross-sectional areas, the technology allows the ligament graft to have an hourglass macroscopic form, can ensure higher mechanical strength, can avoid the phenomenon of collision with the top of the intercondylar fossa caused by the overlarge cross-sectional area of the middle part of the ligament graft when the joint is flexed, and can effectively stabilize the knee joint and avoid collision fracture of the ligament graft.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a ligament graft fixation device of the present invention in an expanded state;

FIG. 2 is an expanded state elevation view of the ligament graft fixation device of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a side view in expanded state of the ligament graft fixation device of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the ligament graft fixation device of the present invention in a deployed state within a bone tunnel;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a ligament graft fixation device of the present invention in a closed state;

FIG. 6 is a front view of the ligament graft fixation device of the present invention in a closed state;

FIG. 7 is a side view, closed cross-sectional view of the ligament graft fixation device of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the ligament graft fixation device of the present invention in a closed state with a ligament graft;

fig. 9 is a schematic view showing a step of using the ligament graft fixation device of the present invention in ACL reconstruction.

Reference numerals illustrate: 1: a propulsion rod; 2: a femoral end upright post; 3: a tibial end post; 4: a femoral end deployment rod; 5: a push ring; 6: a side bar; 7: an elastic limiting piece; 701: an elastic rod; 702: a limiting piece; 8: a tibial end deployment rod; 9: a first through hole; 10: a second through hole; 11: a third through hole; 12: ligament grafts; 13: a first beam splitting; 14: a second beam splitting; 15: bone tunnel; 16: a femoral side; 17: a tibial side; 18: a push rod; 1801: a long rod; 1802: a ring-shaped structure; 1803: and a clamping structure.

Detailed Description

A ligament graft fixation device according to the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. Advantages and features of the invention will become more apparent from the following description and from the claims.

Referring to fig. 1-8, in one embodiment, a ligament graft fixation device includes a propulsion rod 1, a femoral end post 2, a tibial end post 3, a femoral end deployment structure, and a tibial end deployment structure.

The femur end of the pushing rod 1 is detachably connected with a femur end upright post 2, and the tibia end of the pushing rod 1 is provided with a first through hole 9 for temporarily fixing a free section of a tibia end ligament graft 12; and the push rod 1 is detachably connected with a tibia end upright post 3 (namely, the tibia end upright post 3 is positioned between the femur end upright post 2 and the first through hole 9).

The fixed end of the femoral end expansion structure is mounted to the first end of the femoral end upright 2, and the expansion end of the femoral end expansion structure is configured to expand radially outwardly toward the thrust rod 1. And, at least one second through hole 10 is provided on the expansion end of the femoral end expansion structure.

The fixed end of the tibial end expansion structure is mounted to the tibial end upright 3, and the expansion end of the tibial end expansion structure is used for expanding outwards towards the radial direction of the pushing rod 1. And, at least one third through hole 11 is provided on the expansion end of the tibial end expansion structure.

The intermediate portion of the ligament graft 12 is a hollow, dense mesh structure (which may be configured to surround the push rod 1) over its physiological length, with the main fibers woven along the long axis of the native ligament and the secondary fibers woven perpendicular to the long axis of the ligament to provide lateral tension to constrain the lateral displacement between the fibers. The femoral and tibial ends of the ligament graft 12 are configured as at least one first and at least one second bundle 13, 14, respectively, the first and second bundles 13, 14 being of a fibrous bundle structure, the first bundle 13 being configured to pass through the corresponding second through hole 10 and form a first closed loop with the ligament graft 12, the second bundle 14 being configured to pass through the corresponding first and third through holes 9, 11 in sequence to form a second closed loop.

After the pushing rod 1 and the femur end unfolding structure and the tibia end unfolding structure on the pushing rod 1 are configured into the bone tunnel 15, the femur end unfolding structure and the first beam splitting 13 are unfolded radially outwards to form an umbrella-shaped structure and are attached to an inverted trapezoid bone groove on the femur side 16 of the bone tunnel 15, the pushing rod 1 is screwed out of the femur end upright post 2, the tibia end unfolding structure and the second beam splitting 14 are unfolded radially outwards to form an umbrella-shaped structure and are attached to an inverted trapezoid bone groove on the tibia side 17 of the bone tunnel 15, after the unfolding is completed, the tibia end of the ligament graft 12 can be fixed on the tibia side 17 through a belt loop titanium plate and the like, and after the relative positions of the femur end unfolding structure and the tibia end unfolding structure and the bone tunnel 15 are fixed, the pushing rod 1 is withdrawn from the bone tunnel 15.

In the embodiment, a femur end unfolding structure and a tibia end unfolding structure are respectively arranged on a femur end upright post 2 and a tibia end upright post 3 on a pushing rod 1; the tibia end of the pushing rod 1 and the unfolding ends of the two unfolding structures are respectively provided with a first through hole 9, a second through hole 10 and a third through hole 11 which are respectively used for enabling beam splitting parts at two ends of the ligament graft 12 to pass through. After entering the bone tunnel 15, the femoral end deployment construct may be deployed within the inverted trapezoidal bone tunnel 15 on the femoral side 16 to form an umbrella-like structure and secured thereto, and the tibial end deployment construct may be deployed within the inverted trapezoidal bone tunnel 15 on the tibial side 17 to form an umbrella-like structure and secured thereto. After the ligament graft 12 is implanted, beam splitting parts at two ends are in a bilateral umbrella shape, so that large-area contact with bone surfaces in the tension direction is realized, the original ACL bilateral umbrella-shaped (integral hourglass-shaped) form is simulated, and the postoperative joint kinematics can be better recovered; in more detail, the main body fibers in the middle part of the ligament implant are longitudinally arranged, the auxiliary fibers are transversely arranged, so that the characteristic of small diameter of the middle part is maintained, the bundles are partially held and spread at the two ends of the ligament implant, the fiber spacing is gradually increased to enlarge the bone contact area, and the space between the adjacent bundles can accommodate the new fibrous tissue, so that the feasibility is provided for further tissue transformation in vivo.

The specific structure of the ligament graft fixation device of this embodiment is further described below:

in this embodiment, the above-mentioned femoral end expanding structure may specifically include a plurality of femoral end expanding rods 4, a plurality of intermediate rods, a push ring 5, an elastic limiting member 7 and a push rod 18.

The first ends of the femoral end deployment rods 4 are respectively looped around and rotatably connected to the first ends of the femoral end posts 2. The femoral end deployment rod 4 is provided with at least one second through hole 10 as described above. The push ring 5 is connected to the femur end upright 2 in a sliding manner along the axial direction of the femur end upright 2. The first ends of the intermediate rods are respectively connected with the corresponding femur end unfolding rods 4 in a rotating way, and the second ends of the intermediate rods are respectively connected with the push rings 5 in a rotating way.

The elastic limiting piece 7 is arranged on the femur end upright post 2 in a telescopic way, and the first end surface of the elastic limiting piece 7 facing the femur end upright post 2 is a limiting surface for limiting the movement of the push ring 5 towards the tibia end direction of the push rod 1.

The push rod 18 is configured to extend into the bone tunnel 15 and push the push ring 5 to slide towards the first end of the femoral end upright 2, and under the action of the intermediate rod, the corresponding femoral end expansion rod 4 rotates around its connection end with the femoral end upright 2, so that the second end of the femoral end expansion rod 4 is gradually far away from the femoral end upright 2, the push ring 5 is pushed and slides over the elastic limiting piece 7, at this time, the push ring 5 abuts against the limiting surface, and the femoral end expansion rod 4 expands and is positioned to the inverted trapezoid bone tunnel 15 of the femoral side 16 of the bone tunnel 15. After deployment, the push rod 18 may exit the bone tunnel 15.

Further, the femur end stand column 2 is a hollow stand column, and a limit notch corresponding to the elastic limit piece 7 can be formed in the side wall of the hollow stand column. The elastic stopper 7 may include an elastic rod 701 and a stopper 702. The first end of the elastic rod 701 is fixed on the inner wall surface of the hollow upright post, the second end of the elastic rod 701 is provided with a limiting piece 702, and the limiting piece 702 stretches out of the limiting notch under the action of the elastic force of the elastic rod 701. Wherein, the elastic rod 701 and the limiting piece 702 can be made of shape memory alloy.

Specifically, the stop 702 may be an inverted triangle, i.e., the stop 702 includes a stop surface toward the first end of the femoral end post 2 and a guide ramp surface toward the second end of the femoral end post 2. When the push ring 5 is pushed by the push rod 18, the push ring moves upwards to contact with the guide inclined plane, and pushes the limiting piece 702 to retract into the limiting notch against the elastic force of the elastic rod 701.

In this embodiment, in order to implement pushing of the push ring 5, the push rod 18 may specifically include a long rod 1801, and an annular structure 1802 and a clamping structure 1803 provided at both ends of the long rod 1801, respectively.

The annular structure 1802 is provided with a clearance gap corresponding to the elastic limiting piece 7, the annular structure 1802 can be set to 180 degrees or 270 degrees, and the clearance gap can be specifically adjusted according to requirements, so that the limiting piece 702 cannot extend out of the limiting gap under the action of the annular structure 1802 after the push ring 5 is pushed through the limiting piece 702; the clamping structure 1803 may then be a laterally extending plate extending radially outwardly of the push rod 1 to facilitate clamping.

In this embodiment, the tibial end expansion structure may specifically include a plurality of tibial end expansion rods 8. The first ends of the tibial end deployment bars 8 are respectively looped around and rotatably connected to the first ends of the tibial end posts 3. The tibia end unfolding rod 8 is provided with at least one third through hole 11.

After the femur end unfolding structure is unfolded, the pushing rod 1 is detached from the femur end upright post 2 and drives the tibia end upright post 3 on the pushing rod to move towards the second position of the bone tunnel 15, the tibia end unfolding rod 8 rotates under the traction action of the ligament graft 12, and the second end of the tibia end unfolding rod 4 is gradually far away from the tibia end upright post 3 and is positioned to the second position of the bone tunnel 15. After the tibia end unfolding structure is unfolded, the pushing rod 1 is detached from the tibia end upright post 3 and exits the bone tunnel 15.

In this embodiment, in order to enhance the fixation effect with the bone tunnel 15, barb-shaped tooth structures are provided on the second end of the femoral end expansion rod 4 and the second end of the tibial end expansion rod 8, so as to increase the friction between the expansion rod and the bone surface.

In this embodiment, the plurality of second through holes 10 are uniformly distributed along the first end to the second end of the femoral end expansion rod 4, respectively, on the femoral end expansion rod 4. Along the first end to the second end of the tibial end expansion rod 8, a plurality of third through holes 11 are respectively and uniformly distributed on the tibial end expansion rod 8. That is, each spreading rod may have a plurality of corresponding through holes arranged along its own length direction, and the specific number may be determined according to the required amount of fiber splitting, which is not particularly limited herein.

In this embodiment, the first end of the femoral end post 2 and the first end of the tibial end post 3 each extend radially outwardly therefrom to form an annular extension. The annular extending structure is provided with a plurality of first connecting gaps along the annular direction at intervals, and first rotating shafts are arranged in the first connecting gaps.

The first end of the femur end expansion rod 4 and the first end of the tibia end expansion rod 8 respectively extend into the first connecting notch of the corresponding annular extension structure and are in rotary connection with the corresponding first rotating shaft, so that rotary connection between the femur end expansion rod 4 and the femur end upright post 2 is realized.

Further, in order to achieve a stable rotation of the femoral end deployment rod 4, the intermediate rod may comprise two side rods 6 corresponding to the femoral end deployment rod 4. A plurality of second connection gaps are arranged on the push ring 5 at intervals along the circumferential direction, and second rotating shafts are arranged in the second connection gaps. The femur end unfolding rod 4 is provided with a third rotating shaft extending out of two sides of the femur end unfolding rod. The first end of the side rod 6 extends into the corresponding second connecting notch and is rotationally connected with the second rotating shaft, and the second end of the side rod 6 is rotationally connected with the corresponding side of the third rotating shaft, so that an unfolding structure similar to an umbrella is realized.

In this embodiment, the detachable connection manner may be a threaded connection, that is, the pushing rod 1 may be a threaded rod, and the femoral end upright 2 and the tibial end upright 3 are respectively provided with corresponding threaded holes and are respectively in threaded connection with the threaded rod.

Referring to fig. 9, the following is a description of the steps in the ACL reconstruction procedure of the ligament graft fixation device according to the present embodiment:

(1) firstly, the creation of a bone tunnel 15 with smaller diameter on the femur side 16 and the tibia side 17 (based on the width of the pushing rod 1) is completed in a manner of passing through the tibia tunnel;

(2) then, the creation of the bone tunnel 15 with the inverted trapezoid cross section on the two sides is completed by using a marrow expanding instrument, wherein the cross section of the tunnel portal near the joint surface refers to the dead center area of the native ACL bone;

(3) the ligament graft fixing device is placed in the medial patella bypass, the femur end upright post 2 and the femur end unfolding structure are pushed into the femur tunnel 15, the tibia end upright post 3 and the tibia end unfolding structure are pushed into the tibia tunnel 15, and the position of the fixing device in the bone tunnel 15 is adjusted;

(4) putting the push rod 18 by the side inlet of the medial patella, pulling the push rod 1 from the tibia side 17 by one hand, pushing the push rod 18 to the femur side 16 by one hand until the femur end unfolding column is unfolded, and clamping the push ring 5 by the limiting piece 702;

(5) taking the push rod 18, and closing the medial parapatellar incision;

(6) the pushing rod 1 is unscrewed to be separated from the screw thread of the femur end upright post 2, and the pushing rod 1 is pulled downwards along the tibia bone tunnel 15 until the tibia end expanding post is opened under the traction of the ligament graft 12;

(7) the pushing rod 1 is pulled down along the tibia tunnel 15 to generate proper prestress for the ligament graft, the pushing rod 1 is screwed out to be separated from the screw thread of the tibia end upright post 3, and the ligament graft 12 at the far end of the tibia side 17 is fixed at the cortical bone of the tunnel portal through the belt loop titanium plate.

To this end, the reconstructive surgery is completed. The implantation step can realize the implantation and fixation of the umbrella-shaped ligament implant through the minimally invasive surgery, and is hopeful to improve complications such as joint kinematics abnormality, cartilage early abrasion, bone tunnel expansion, implant fracture and the like after the ACL reconstruction operation at present.

The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Even if various changes are made to the present invention, it is within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents to fall within the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. A ligament graft fixation device, comprising:

the femoral end of the pushing rod is detachably connected with a femoral end upright post, the tibial end of the pushing rod is provided with a first through hole, and the pushing rod is detachably connected with a tibial end upright post;

the fixed end of the femur end unfolding structure is arranged at the first end of the femur end upright post, and the unfolding end of the femur end unfolding structure is used for unfolding outwards towards the radial direction of the pushing rod; at least one second through hole is formed in the unfolding end of the femur end unfolding structure;

the fixed end of the tibia end unfolding structure is arranged on the tibia end upright post, and the unfolding end of the tibia end unfolding structure is used for unfolding outwards towards the radial direction of the pushing rod; at least one third through hole is formed in the unfolding end of the tibia end unfolding structure;

the femoral and tibial ends of the implant are configured as at least one first split configured to pass through the corresponding second through hole and form a first closed loop with the implant, and at least one second split configured to pass through the corresponding first and third through holes in sequence to form a second closed loop;

after the propelling rod and the femoral end unfolding structure and the tibial end unfolding structure on the propelling rod are configured with the target object, the femoral end unfolding structure and the first beam splitting are unfolded radially outwards and attached to a first position of the target object, the femoral end of the propelling rod exits from the femoral end upright post, the tibial end unfolding structure and the second beam splitting are unfolded radially outwards and attached to a second position of the target object, after the unfolding is completed, the tibial end of the implant is fixed to the target object, and the relative positions of the femoral end unfolding structure and the tibial end unfolding structure and the target object are fixed, and the propelling rod exits from the target object.

2. The ligament graft fixation device of claim 1, wherein said femoral end deployment construct comprises a plurality of femoral end deployment rods, a plurality of intermediate rods, push rings, resilient stop members, and push rods;

the first ends of the femur end unfolding rods are respectively encircled and rotationally connected with the first ends of the femur end upright posts; at least one second through hole is formed in the femur end unfolding rod;

the push ring is connected to the femur end upright post in a sliding way along the axial direction of the femur end upright post;

the first end of the middle rod is respectively and rotatably connected with the corresponding femur end unfolding rod, and the second end of the middle rod is respectively and rotatably connected with the push ring;

the elastic limiting piece is arranged on the femur end stand column in a telescopic way, and a first end face, facing the femur end stand column, of the elastic limiting piece is a limiting face;

the push rod is configured to extend into a target object and push the push ring to slide towards the first end of the femoral end upright post, the corresponding femoral end unfolding rod rotates under the action of the middle rod, the second end of the femoral end unfolding rod is gradually far away from the femoral end upright post, the push ring slides over the elastic limiting piece and is abutted against the limiting surface, and the femoral end unfolding rod is unfolded and positioned to a first position of the target object; after the deployment is completed, the push rod exits the target object.

3. The ligament graft fixation device of claim 2, wherein the femoral end upright is a hollow upright, and a limit notch corresponding to the elastic limit piece is formed in the side wall of the hollow upright;

the elastic limiting piece comprises an elastic rod and a limiting piece; the first end of the elastic rod is fixed on the inner wall surface of the hollow upright post, the second end of the elastic rod is provided with the limiting piece, and the limiting piece stretches out of the limiting notch under the action of the elastic force of the elastic rod;

the limiting piece comprises a limiting surface facing the first end of the femur end upright post and a guide inclined surface facing the second end of the femur end upright post; the push ring moves to contact the guide inclined plane and pushes the limiting piece to overcome the elastic force of the elastic rod and retract into the limiting notch.

4. A ligament graft fixation device according to claim 2 in which the push rod comprises a long rod and annular and gripping formations provided at each end of the long rod;

the annular structure is provided with a clearance gap corresponding to the elastic limiting piece, and the clamping structure is a transverse extending plate extending outwards along the radial direction of the pushing rod.

5. The ligament graft fixation device of claim 2, wherein said tibial end deployment structure includes a plurality of tibial end deployment rods;

the first ends of the tibia end unfolding rods are respectively encircled and rotationally connected with the first ends of the tibia end upright posts; at least one third through hole is formed in the tibia end unfolding rod;

after the femur end unfolding structure is unfolded, the pushing rod is detached from the femur end upright post and drives the tibia end upright post on the pushing rod to move towards the second position of the target object, the tibia end unfolding rod rotates under the traction action of the implant, and the second end of the tibia end unfolding rod is gradually far away from the tibia end upright post and is positioned to the second position of the target object; after the tibia end unfolding structure is unfolded, the pushing rod is detached from the tibia end upright post and exits from the target object.

6. The ligament graft fixation device of claim 5, wherein the second end of said femoral end deployment rod and the second end of said tibial end deployment rod are each provided with barb-shaped tooth-like structures.

7. The ligament graft fixation device of claim 6, wherein a plurality of said second through holes are respectively evenly distributed in said femoral end deployment rod along a first end to a second end of said femoral end deployment rod;

and a plurality of third through holes are uniformly distributed on the tibia end unfolding rod respectively along the first end to the second end of the tibia end unfolding rod.

8. The ligament graft fixation device of claim 5, wherein said first end of said femoral end post and said first end of said tibial end post each extend radially outwardly thereof to form an annular extension; a plurality of first connecting gaps are arranged on the annular extending structure at intervals along the annular direction, and a first rotating shaft is arranged in each first connecting gap;

the first end of the femur end unfolding rod and the first end of the tibia end unfolding rod respectively extend into the corresponding first connecting notch of the annular extending structure and are in rotary connection with the corresponding first rotating shaft.

9. The ligament graft fixation device of claim 2, wherein said intermediate rod includes two side rods corresponding to said femoral end deployment rod;

a plurality of second connection gaps are arranged on the push ring at intervals along the circumferential direction, and second rotating shafts are arranged in the second connection gaps;

the femur end unfolding rod is provided with a third rotating shaft extending out of two sides of the femur end unfolding rod;

the first end of the side rod extends into the corresponding second connecting notch and is rotationally connected with the second rotating shaft; the second ends of the side rods are rotatably connected to the corresponding sides of the third rotating shaft.

10. The ligament graft fixation device of claim 1, wherein said push rod is a threaded rod; the femur end stand column and the tibia end stand column are respectively provided with corresponding threaded holes and are respectively in threaded connection with the threaded rod.

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