CN116211393A - Shoulder joint humerus marrow cavity distal end reaming instrument - Google Patents

Shoulder joint humerus marrow cavity distal end reaming instrument Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116211393A
CN116211393A CN202310265318.1A CN202310265318A CN116211393A CN 116211393 A CN116211393 A CN 116211393A CN 202310265318 A CN202310265318 A CN 202310265318A CN 116211393 A CN116211393 A CN 116211393A
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Prior art keywords
reamer
positioning holes
cutting edge
cavity distal
reaming instrument
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CN202310265318.1A
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CN116211393B (en
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耿建才
郭静
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Beijing Chunlizhengda Medical Instruments Co Ltd
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Beijing Chunlizhengda Medical Instruments Co Ltd
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/16Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
    • A61B17/164Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans intramedullary
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/16Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
    • A61B17/1659Surgical rasps, files, planes, or scrapers
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/16Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans
    • A61B17/1662Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans for particular parts of the body
    • A61B17/1684Bone cutting, breaking or removal means other than saws, e.g. Osteoclasts; Drills or chisels for bones; Trepans for particular parts of the body for the shoulder

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Surgery (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Medical Informatics (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Surgical Instruments (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments and discloses a shoulder joint humerus marrow cavity distal end marrow expanding instrument which comprises a reamer main body, wherein the upper end of the reamer main body is provided with a hammering part, the reamer main body is provided with a blade part, the blade part comprises a non-circumferential cylinder, the circular arc side of the non-circumferential cylinder is provided with a cutting edge, and the other side of the non-circumferential cylinder is a plane; the invention provides a distal end reaming instrument for a humeral cavity of a shoulder joint, which solves the problems that the cutting edge of a common reaming instrument is a full spiral blade and is electric, cortical bone is easy to damage, and the risk of operation is increased.

Description

Shoulder joint humerus marrow cavity distal end reaming instrument
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medical appliances, in particular to a shoulder joint humeral cavity distal end reaming appliance.
Background
The distal end marrow expanding instrument for the humeral cavity of the shoulder joint is a tool for replacing the shoulder joint and is mainly used for cleaning and expanding the marrow cavity, and the marrow cavity after marrow expansion is used for inserting a humeral handle. The prior art uses a medical electric hand drill to connect with a reamer for reaming after the humeral head is resected by the shoulder joint replacement operation, and the reamer is round, so that the damage to the medullary cavity is larger, bones are removed too much, the later recovery of a patient and the time for bone to grow into a prosthesis can be long, and the operation failure can occur.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a shoulder joint humeral cavity distal end reaming instrument which is used for solving at least one of the problems in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a shoulder joint humerus marrow chamber distal end expands marrow apparatus, includes the reamer main part, the upper end of reamer main part is hammering portion, be equipped with the cutting edge portion on the reamer main part, the cutting edge portion includes non-circumference cylinder, non-circumference cylindrical circular arc side is equipped with the blade, non-circumference cylindrical opposite side is the plane.
Because the cutting edge of the common reaming instrument is a full helical edge and is electric, cortical bone is easily damaged, and the risk of operation is increased. In the technical scheme, the upper end of the reamer main body is a hammering part, and the reamer main body can be driven by hammering the hammering part; because the cutting edge portion includes non-circumference cylinder, non-circumference cylinder's circular arc side is equipped with the blade, and non-circumference cylinder's opposite side is the plane, that is, the blade of this design only partly, non-circumference blade design combines the hammering to drive into the design, the dynamics of mastering more easily to reduce the operation risk, it is little to the marrow chamber injury, resumes the preoperative level more easily.
Further, the reamer comprises an adjusting rod, an angle adjusting part is arranged on the reamer body, a plurality of positioning holes are formed in the angle adjusting part, an inclined angle A is formed between every two adjacent positioning holes, and the adjusting rod is detachably matched with any positioning hole.
Because be equipped with a plurality of locating holes on the angle regulation portion, have skew angle A between the adjacent locating hole, adjust the pole detachable and arbitrary locating hole cooperation installation, will adjust pole and the locating hole of suitable angle and cooperate the installation, later can adjust the reamer main part to suitable driving angle through observing the extending direction of adjusting the pole when holding the reamer main part. Specifically, when the reamer body is held by hand, whether the adjusting rod is in a parallel state with the arm is observed until the reamer body is rotated until the extending direction of the adjusting rod is parallel with the arm, so that the correct driving angle of the reamer body can be determined, and convenience is brought to the correct driving angle of the reamer body; because there is the difference in the degree of human back rake, so be provided with a plurality of locating holes in order to be suitable for different human back rake, human back rake (the angle that the axis of humerus head and coronal plane are back rake) is generally about 30, can judge the accurate back rake of patient through the CT scanning before the art to select the locating hole closest with this back rake degree, install the regulation pole in the locating hole similar with CT scanning on the reamer main part.
Further, still include the template of punching, the template of punching is including the guiding hole that makes things convenient for the puncher to pass, be equipped with extension between angle adjusting part and the cutting edge, be equipped with the limit structure with the template location installation of punching on the extension. The limit structure is matched with the punching template, so that the proximal humerus medullary cavity is easier to plasticity, and the operation time is shortened.
Further, in order to facilitate the reaming operation and ensure the reaming effect, the plane and the guide hole are respectively positioned at two sides of the axis of the reamer body.
Further, in order to provide a limit structure design of easy to assemble template that punches, limit structure sets up on the extension including the symmetry vertical spout and the setting on the template that punches with vertical spout sliding fit's sliding part.
Further, in order to ensure the proximal reaming effect, the axis of the vertical chute is consistent with the axis of the reamer body.
Further, in order to conveniently realize the detachable stable installation of the adjusting rod, a plurality of locating holes are threaded holes, and the adjusting rod is in threaded fit with the threaded holes.
Further, in order to be able to adapt to the reaming operation of the left and right shoulders of the human body respectively, the plurality of positioning holes include a main positioning hole and side positioning holes that are respectively deviated to both sides with reference to the main positioning hole, and the axis of the main positioning hole is perpendicular to the axis of the reamer body.
Further, in order to more accurately match the back inclination angle of the human body, the deflection angle A between the adjacent positioning holes is 10 degrees, and four side positioning holes are respectively arranged on two sides of the main positioning hole.
Further, the cutting edge comprises a plurality of tapered cutting edges which are uniformly arranged at intervals along the length direction of the cutting edge part, and the large outer diameter end of the tapered cutting edge is positioned below the small outer diameter end. The bone of the medullary cavity is easier to remove by the tapered cutting edge, the size of the cutting edge is the same as that of the prosthesis, the cutting edge part is tapered, and the cutting edge is larger from the bottom to the top and is easier to plasticity.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: because the cutting edge of the common reaming instrument is a full helical edge and is electric, cortical bone is easily damaged, and the risk of operation is increased. In the technical scheme, the upper end of the reamer main body is a hammering part, and the reamer main body can be driven by hammering the hammering part; because the cutting edge portion includes non-circumference cylinder, non-circumference cylinder's circular arc side is equipped with the blade, and non-circumference cylinder's opposite side is the plane, that is, the blade of this design only partly, non-circumference blade design combines the hammering to drive into the design, the dynamics of mastering more easily to reduce the operation risk, it is little to the marrow chamber injury, resumes the preoperative level more easily.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a first view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a structure of the present invention at a second view angle and with an adjusting lever installed;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 3 at A;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention in a state of using the proximal reaming.
In the figure: a reamer body 1; an angle adjusting part 1.1; extension 1.2; blade 1.3; 1.4 parts of cutting edges; plane 1.5; a small outer diameter end 1.6; 1.7 of a large outer diameter end; an adjusting rod 2; hammering the block 3; a punching template 4; a vertical chute 6; a main positioning hole 7; a side positioning hole 8; and a puncher 9.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the present invention will be briefly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the description of the embodiments or the prior art, and it is obvious that the following description of the structure of the drawings is only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort to a person skilled in the art. It should be noted that the description of these examples is for aiding in understanding the present invention, but is not intended to limit the present invention.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1-5, the present embodiment provides a distal end reaming instrument for a humeral cavity of a shoulder joint, which comprises a reamer main body 1, wherein the upper end of the reamer main body 1 is provided with a hammering part, the hammering part is provided with a hammering block 3 for improving the stress effect of the hammering part, the reamer main body 1 is provided with a blade part 1.3, the blade part 1.3 comprises a non-circumferential cylinder, the arc side of the non-circumferential cylinder is provided with a cutting edge 1.4, and the other side of the non-circumferential cylinder is provided with a plane 1.5.
Because the cutting edge of the common reaming instrument is a full helical edge and is electric, cortical bone is easily damaged, and the risk of operation is increased. In the technical scheme, the upper end of the reamer main body 1 is a hammering part, and the reamer main body 1 can be driven by hammering the hammering part; because cutting edge 1.3 includes non-circumference cylinder, non-circumference cylinder's circular arc side is equipped with blade 1.4, and non-circumference cylinder's opposite side is plane 1.5, that is, the blade 1.4 of this design only partly, and non-circumference blade 1.4 designs, combines the hammering to drive into the design, and the dynamics of controlling more easily to reduce the operation risk, it is little to the marrow cavity injury, resumes the preoperative level more easily.
Example 2:
this example was optimized based on example 1 above.
The reamer comprises an adjusting rod 2, wherein an angle adjusting part 1.1 is arranged on a reamer main body 1, a plurality of positioning holes are formed in the angle adjusting part 1.1, an inclined angle A is formed between every two adjacent positioning holes, and the adjusting rod 2 is detachably matched with any positioning hole.
In this technical scheme, owing to be equipped with a plurality of locating holes on the angle regulation portion 1.1, have skew angle A between the adjacent locating hole, adjust pole 2 detachable and arbitrary locating hole cooperation installation, with adjusting pole 2 and the locating hole of suitable angle cooperate the installation, later can adjust reamer main part 1 to suitable driving angle through observing the extending direction of adjusting pole 2 when handheld reamer main part 1. Specifically, when the reamer body 1 is held by hand, whether the adjusting rod 2 is in a parallel state with the arm is observed until the angle of the reamer body 1 is adjusted until the extending direction of the adjusting rod 2 is parallel with the arm, so that the correct driving angle of the reamer body 1 can be determined, and convenience is provided for correctly driving the reamer body 1; because the degrees of human body back inclination are different, a plurality of positioning holes are arranged so as to be suitable for different human body back inclinations, the human body back inclination (the included angle between the axis of the humerus head and the coronal plane is the back inclination) is generally about 30 degrees, the accurate back inclination of a patient can be judged through preoperative CT scanning, the positioning hole closest to the back inclination degree is selected, and the adjusting rod 2 is arranged in the positioning hole similar to the CT scanning on the reamer main body 1.
Example 3:
this example was optimized based on example 2 above.
Still including punching template 4, punching template 4 is equipped with extension 1.2 including the guiding hole that makes things convenient for puncher 9 to pass between angle adjusting part 1.1 and the cutting edge 1.3, is equipped with the limit structure with punching template 4 location installation on the extension 1.2. The limit structure is matched with the punching template 4, so that the proximal humerus medullary cavity is easier to plasticity, and the operation time is shortened. Specifically, the angle adjusting part 1.1, the extending part 1.2 and the blade part 1.3 are sequentially arranged on the reamer main body 1 from top to bottom, the reamer main body 1 is of an integrated structure, and the outer diameter of the angle adjusting part 1.1 is larger than that of the extending part 1.2.
Example 4:
this example was optimized based on example 3 above.
In order to facilitate the reaming operation and ensure the reaming effect, the plane 1.5 and the guide holes are respectively positioned on two sides of the axis of the reamer body 1.
Example 5:
this example was optimized based on example 3 above.
In order to provide a limit structure design of conveniently installing the punching template 4, limit structure includes vertical chute 6 that the symmetry set up on extension 1.2 and sets up on punching template 4 with vertical chute 6 sliding fit's sliding part. The setting of vertical spout 6 also is convenient for observe the degree of depth of driving into the reamer, drives into the position of vertical spout 6, if do not beat the cortical bone yet, then need change the reamer of next great model to continue adjusting reamer main part 1 angle and drive into reamer main part 1, in addition, the design of vertical spout 6 can be according to the driving depth flexible control near-end of reamer main part 1 and expand the position of marrow. The punching template 4 is matched with the reamer body 1 through the vertical chute 6, and the marrow cavity can be cleaned by knocking the puncher 9 to realize proximal marrow expansion.
Example 6:
this example was optimized based on example 5 above.
In order to ensure the proximal reaming effect, the axis of the vertical chute 6 coincides with the axis of the reamer body 1.
Example 7:
this example was optimized based on example 2 above.
In order to conveniently realize the detachable stable installation of the adjusting rod 2, a plurality of positioning holes are threaded holes, and the adjusting rod 2 is in threaded fit with the threaded holes. Of course, structural designs of the through hole and the insertion rod can be adopted, but connection instability exists to influence the angle positioning effect, so that the threaded connection mode is selected between the positioning hole and the adjusting rod 2.
Example 8:
this example was optimized based on example 1 above.
In order to be able to adapt to the reaming operation of the left and right shoulders of the human body respectively, the plurality of positioning holes comprises a main positioning hole 7 and side positioning holes 8 which are respectively deflected to two sides with the main positioning hole 7 as a reference, and the axis of the main positioning hole 7 is perpendicular to the axis of the reamer body 1. That is, when one shoulder is operated, the adjustment lever 2 needs to be connected to the side positioning hole 8 on one side of the main positioning hole 7, and when the other shoulder is operated, the adjustment lever 2 needs to be connected to the side positioning hole 8 on the other side of the main positioning hole 7.
Example 9:
this example was optimized based on example 2 above.
In order to more accurately match the back inclination angle of the human body, the deflection angles A between the adjacent positioning holes are 10 degrees, and four side positioning holes 8 are respectively arranged on two sides of the main positioning hole 7. That is, nine positioning holes are arranged on the reamer main body 1, and the angles of the nine positioning holes are sequentially as follows from bottom to top according to the layout positions: -40 °, -30 °, -20 °, -10 °, 0 °, 10 °, 20 °, 30 °, 40 °. In order to more easily identify the specific degrees of the nine positioning holes, the positions close to the positioning holes are provided with degree marks. In order to improve the structural compactness of a plurality of locating holes setting under the condition that the offset angle exists in the adjacent locating holes of assurance, the perpendicular height between the adjacent locating holes equals.
Example 10:
this example was optimized based on example 1 above.
The cutting edges 1.4 comprise a plurality of tapered cutting edges which are uniformly arranged at intervals along the length direction of the cutting edge part 1.3, the large outer diameter end 1.7 of each tapered cutting edge is positioned below the small outer diameter end 1.6, specifically, the included angle B between adjacent tapered cutting edges is 57 degrees, and the diameter C of the large outer diameter end of each tapered cutting edge is 9.92mm. The bone of the medullary cavity is easier to remove by the tapered cutting edge, the size of the cutting edge 1.4 is the same as that of the prosthesis, the cutting edge 1.4 part is tapered, and the cutting edge is larger from the bottom to the top and is easier to plasticity. Specifically, the cutting edge 1.4 may be formed on a half cylinder, or may be formed on a non-circumferential cylinder of two-thirds, three-quarters, or the like of other proportional dimensions.
Specific operation examples of the technical scheme are as follows:
1. an electric drill is used for driving in the opening reamer, the osteotomy guide is connected with the opening reamer, a back inclination angle of 135 degrees is found, the humerus head is cut off, and the opening reamer is screwed out.
2. Selecting a minimum reamer body 1, such as a No. 1 reamer (for example only), installing an adjusting rod 2, holding the reamer body 1 by hand, adjusting the angle of the reamer body 1 until the extending direction of the adjusting rod 2 is parallel to the arm, driving the reamer body 1 by a hammer in the state, performing distal reaming, driving each reamer body 1 to a position of a vertical chute 6, stopping driving, taking out, and sequentially increasing the reamer model until the cortical bone is hit.
3. The reamer body 1 is recorded as model number 3 reamer (for example only), and a number 3 punch template 4 is placed, and a number 3 punch 9 is selected for proximal reaming.
4. The reamer is removed, reamed using a rasp with No. 1-3 (for example only), and then a No. 3 prosthesis is placed.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A shoulder joint humerus marrow cavity distal end marrow expanding device, which is characterized in that: the reamer comprises a reamer body, wherein the upper end of the reamer body is provided with a hammering part, the reamer body is provided with an edge part, the edge part comprises a non-circumferential cylinder, the circular arc side of the non-circumferential cylinder is provided with a cutting edge, and the other side of the non-circumferential cylinder is a plane.
2. A shoulder humeral cavity distal reaming instrument as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that: the reamer comprises an adjusting rod, wherein an angle adjusting part is arranged on a reamer body, a plurality of positioning holes are formed in the angle adjusting part, an inclined angle A is formed between every two adjacent positioning holes, and the adjusting rod is detachably matched with any positioning hole.
3. A shoulder humeral cavity distal reaming instrument as claimed in claim 2, characterised in that: still include the template that punches, the template that punches includes the guiding hole that makes things convenient for the puncher to pass, be equipped with extension between angle adjusting part and the cutting edge, be equipped with the limit structure with the template location installation that punches on the extension.
4. A shoulder humeral cavity distal reaming instrument as claimed in claim 3, in which: the plane and the guide hole are respectively positioned at two sides of the axis of the reamer body.
5. A shoulder humeral cavity distal reaming instrument as claimed in claim 3, in which: the limiting structure comprises vertical sliding grooves symmetrically arranged on the extending part and sliding parts arranged on the punching templates and in sliding fit with the vertical sliding grooves.
6. A shoulder humeral cavity distal reaming instrument as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the axis of the vertical chute is consistent with the axis of the reamer body.
7. A shoulder humeral cavity distal reaming instrument as claimed in claim 2, characterised in that: the plurality of locating holes are threaded holes, and the adjusting rod is in threaded fit with the threaded holes.
8. A shoulder humeral cavity distal reaming instrument as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that: the plurality of positioning holes comprise main positioning holes and side positioning holes which are respectively deflected to two sides by taking the main positioning holes as references, and the axes of the main positioning holes are perpendicular to the axis of the reamer main body.
9. A shoulder humeral cavity distal reaming instrument as claimed in claim 2, characterised in that: the deflection angles A between the adjacent positioning holes are 10 degrees, and four side positioning holes are respectively arranged on two sides of the main positioning hole.
10. A shoulder humeral cavity distal reaming instrument as claimed in claim 1, characterised in that: the cutting edge comprises a plurality of tapered cutting edges which are uniformly arranged at intervals along the length direction of the cutting edge part, and the large outer diameter end of the tapered cutting edge is positioned below the small outer diameter end.
CN202310265318.1A 2023-03-14 2023-03-14 Shoulder joint humerus marrow cavity distal end reaming instrument Active CN116211393B (en)

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KR20210041685A (en) * 2019-10-07 2021-04-16 주식회사 코렌텍 Easy-to-use Broach Handle With Lever Mechanism
CN110786911A (en) * 2019-10-25 2020-02-14 北京市春立正达医疗器械股份有限公司 Reamer for medullary cavity
CN212346646U (en) * 2020-04-27 2021-01-15 北京力达康科技有限公司 Proximal tibia medullary cavity treatment device
CN213489105U (en) * 2020-06-16 2021-06-22 珠海维尔康生物科技有限公司 Bevel arc-shaped knife for under-mirror operation
CN111700664A (en) * 2020-06-23 2020-09-25 河北春立航诺新材料科技有限公司 Instrument for holding file
CN112842631A (en) * 2020-12-31 2021-05-28 上海晟实医疗器械科技有限公司 3D prints full knee joint prosthesis of thighbone intramedullary nail
CN113813007A (en) * 2021-10-13 2021-12-21 山东大学齐鲁医院(青岛) Angle-adjustable femoral punching device
CN114424962A (en) * 2021-12-28 2022-05-03 北京骨外固定技术研究所 Osteotome and use method thereof
CN217611256U (en) * 2022-05-09 2022-10-21 北京和华瑞博医疗科技有限公司 Reamer for medullary cavity

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