CN116205035A - Explosion fragmentation judging method of rock RHT structure - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a blasting fragmentation judging method of a rock RHT structure, which optimizes a fragmentation zone and a fragmentation zone damage radius determining formula to obtain the association relation between the rock fragmentation zone, the fragmentation zone radius and damage variables, and verifies the association relation by a blasting fragmentation judgment simulation verification method, so that the damage critical value between the rock fragmentation zone and the rock damage zone can be more accurately judged, the fragmentation zone radius is determined, and the judgment of the rock blasting fragmentation zone is carried out.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of rock blasting fragmentation judgment, and particularly relates to a blasting fragmentation judgment method of a rock RHT structure.
Background
Along with the development of science and technology, blasting theory and technology are developing to intelligence and refinement, and a numerical simulation technology is one of important research means, and the key points of the numerical simulation technology are an algorithm and a material structure, wherein the algorithm suitable for blasting rock breaking numerical calculation mainly comprises Finite Elements (FEM), fluid-solid coupling (ALE), particle flow (SPH) and the like, and the material structure mainly comprises TCK, HJC, yang, RHT and the like. The algorithm and the material constitutive equation not only determine the computational efficiency but also affect the accuracy of the result.
In recent years, a large number of students develop more systematic researches on the rock damage constitutive model; zhang Reqi the failure strength parameter analysis and calculation are carried out by utilizing the concrete HJC and RHT mechanism in AUTODYN numerical software, and a method for determining the failure strength parameter by utilizing the characteristic strength of the concrete is provided and is verified; wang Xiuli the wedge-baffle diversion structure is obtained by adopting an SPH method and an RHT structure, and the pit-explosion morphological characteristics, the damage area range and the like under the internal explosion effect are obtained; zhang Desheng an effective method for crushing large-sized coal is obtained by adopting a method based on smooth particle fluid dynamics and RHT concrete structure; prakash adopts an improved RHT constitutive model to obtain an impact capacity peak value under the optimal fiber volume and thickness for various characteristic phenomena of a steel fiber reinforced cement-based composite material plate (SFRCC) in the impact process; wang proposes a method of determining RHT material model parameters; li Hongchao parameters in the RHT construct were analyzed by orthogonal experiments and sensitivity analysis. Many scholars research the rock damage partition judgment under the blasting load, lu Wenbo and the like perform numerical simulation by utilizing RHT damage structures, and assist corresponding field blasting tests to more comprehensively research the rock damage inoculation mechanism under deep tunnel excavation blasting; pan Cheng the blasting parameters of the light surface are optimized through the SHPB experiment and the indoor blasting experiment, so that the phenomenon of overexcitation is effectively controlled. Song Xiaolong by utilizing the characteristic that the geological radar signal has short-time non-stability, the signal is subjected to denoising treatment by the HHT method to extract instantaneous parameters which effectively reflect damage characteristics, so that surrounding rock damage images are obtained to carry out damage partition. Liu Minlong the anisotropic dynamic damage mechanism is established to perform tunnel blasting damage influence numerical simulation, and tunnel surrounding rock damage is measured based on the acoustic wave test principle so as to verify the accuracy of the anisotropic dynamic damage mechanism. Gu Haipeng a damage sensitive interval calculation model is built, the numerical value of a sensitive interval is calculated by combining the actual working condition, and the safe medicine amount inside and outside the interval is checked.
Shi Botao provides a material point strength folding method based on a generalized interpolation material point method, and provides a new analysis idea for slope stability analysis; zhang Zhong combines an ignition growth equation with a material point method, simulates various materials in the aspect of impacting shielding explosive, and verifies the feasibility of the material point method in the impact initiation problem; zhang Ruiyu combines a stress density related soil body constitutive model with a material point method aiming at the soil body deformation problem under the dynamic compaction effect, analyzes and summarizes the energy conversion rule in the dynamic compaction process, and provides a new view for the research of related problems; wang Yuxin based on the theory of impact dynamics and explosion welding, the boundary wave is subjected to numerical simulation by using an object particle method, and the formation mechanism of the boundary wave is further analyzed and researched. Zhang Zhiyu the high-speed camera is utilized to carry out track snapshot on the material points of the burst rock breaking, so as to obtain the bump motion profiles at different moments.
The object point method has good simulation effect on large deformation, high-speed collision and the like, but has relatively few application on the field blasting effect analysis at present; the RHT damage structure is more outstanding in the aspect of describing the damage state of materials under the explosive load, however, the judging criterion of rock damage is mainly based on the judging criterion in the technical Specification of underground excavation engineering of hydraulic construction, and in actual blasting judgment, the judging of the damage critical value between a rock fragmentation zone and a rock damage zone is not accurate enough, and the judging method needs to be further optimized.
Therefore, the invention provides a blasting fragmentation judging method of the rock RHT structure for judging the critical value of the damage between rock fragmentation areas and rock damage areas more accurately.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a blasting fragmentation judging method of a rock RHT structure.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the explosion fragmentation judging method of the rock RHT structure comprises the following steps:
s1: determining parameters of a rock RHT constitutive model;
s2: determination of plastic strain
Wherein p is * The pressure is normalized for the compressive strength parameter,
p is the current pressure, fc is the compressive strength, F r For dynamic delta factor, R 3 To describe the shear and pull meridian strength reduction factor, +.>
As a compressive yield surface parameter, G is the shear modulus of the original material, ζ is the reduction factor of hardening in the model;
ultimate strain
Wherein D is 1 ，D 2 For the damage parameters in the RHT model, dc is the critical damage parameter of the rock, Q 1 ，Q 2 Respectively represent the tensile meridian dependence coefficient and the shearing meridian dependence coefficient,
is the relative shear strength and relative tensile strength;
s3: determination of rock plastic Strain and rock Critical damage parameter D cr Is used in the relation of (a),
s4: determining a relation curve between the center distance r of the explosion in the injury zone and the injury variable D,
wherein a is 2 And f 0 Respectively represent: attenuation coefficient and initial blasting frequency;
s5: and (5) performing simulation verification on the explosion fragmentation judgment of the rock RHT structure.
Preferably, the rock RHT model parameters in the S1 are determined by a method combining theoretical analysis, statics test, wave velocity measurement test, SHPB impact test and numerical simulation;
preferably, in the step S2, stress states of the rock in the beginning of crushing and in the full compression are selected as critical threshold evaluation criteria of a rock damage area and a rock fragmentation area respectively to obtain plastic strain epsilon p And the limit strain expression epsilon max ；
Preferably, the parameters D for the injury in the RHT constitutive model in S3 are defined as:
Preferably, the blasting fragmentation judgment simulation verification of the rock RHT structure in the step S5 comprises the following steps:
s1: performing numerical simulation verification on the blasting fragmentation zone based on an object point method;
s2: verifying a field blasting test of a fragmentation zone range;
s3: obtaining a relation curve between the optimized center distance r of the damage partition and the damage variable D:
wherein r is c For the fragmentation zone radius, r d Is the radius of the crushing zone.
Preferably, the S1 adopts RHT constitutive model based on object point method, and performs blasting funnel numerical simulation analysis by using Peneblast simulation software;
preferably, the S2 drilling hole effectively controls deflection and drilling hole depth errors, the explosion funnel field test is designed according to parameters in numerical simulation verification, after explosion, the explosion funnel is scanned, and then the volume of the explosion funnel is visualized.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
according to the method, the fracture zone and the crushing zone damage radius determination formula are optimized, the association relation among the rock fracture zone, the crushing zone radius and the damage variable is obtained, and the damage critical value between the rock fracture zone and the rock damage zone can be more accurately determined by verifying through a blasting fracture determination simulation verification method, the blasting zone radius is determined, and the determination of the rock blasting fracture zone is carried out.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a process of a sodic lava mechanical test;
FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of a point-of-matter method;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a RHT constitutive equal-scale 1/4 symmetric numerical model;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a dynamic forming process of a blasting hopper;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the results of the blasting hopper values;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the trend of radius change in a fracture zone;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a simulated volume of a burst funnel;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a bursting funnel test site and apparatus therefor;
fig. 9 is a diagram showing comparative analysis of the data of the blasting hopper.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
Taking the underground blasting engineering of the large red mountain iron ore as a background, taking the rock in a test area as sodium-modified lava, sampling and carrying out part of the test process of the indoor mechanical property test as shown in figure 1, obtaining main physical mechanical parameters, and obtaining the sodium-modified lava parameters according to the RHT constitutive parameter determination method, wherein the sodium-modified lava parameters are shown in Table 1 in detail.
TABLE 1 sodium-modified lava RHT constitutive parameters values summary Table 1Summarization Table ofRHT constitutive parameters ofsodium metamorphosed lava
And (3) obtaining a relation curve between the center distance r of explosion and the damage variable D in the surrounding rock damage partition in the underground engineering construction explosion process:
TABLE2RHT constitutive blasting damage determination Range Table2RHT blastability damagedetermineration range
Note that: r is (r) c 、r d 、r o The explosion center distance of the crushing zone, the explosion center distance of the crushing zone and the explosion center distance of the damage disturbance zone are respectively m.
Example 2
Based on numerical simulation verification of the blasting fragmentation zone by the object point method, numerical simulation of 5 groups of burial depth-variable blasting funnels is carried out according to experience and field test conditions, and design parameters are shown in Table 3.
Table 3 variable burial depth burst funnel test parameters Table4Parameters ofvariable depthblasting funnel test
The numerical simulation software adopts the three-dimensional explicit material dot method numerical simulation software PeneBlast developed by languages such as Fortran90, and the software can fully embody the simulation superiority of the material dot method in terms of large deformation treatment and simultaneously support the RHT mechanism and the explosive mechanism. An equal proportion 1/4 symmetrical model is constructed, the specific size is 1.6x1.6x2.0m, the symmetrical plane adopts symmetrical constraint, the boundaries except the free plane adopt reflection-free constraint, and the model is shown in figure 3.
The intrinsic parameters of the rock are shown in Table 1, the explosive is rock emulsion explosive No. 2, and the intrinsic parameters are shown in Table 4.
Table 42 rock emulsion explosive parameters Table4Parametersof2# rock mulsifying plosose
Simulation result analysis:
(1) Blasting funnel forming process
And outputting equivalent plastic strain after the numerical calculation is completed, wherein the dynamic forming process of the blasting hopper is shown in fig. 4. As can be seen from fig. 4, at t=3.75 to 60ms, the crushed zone is initially formed, and the average equivalent plastic strain of the crushed zone is about 2, mainly compression fracture; when t=90-120 ms, the stress wave reaches the free surface and a reflection tensile wave occurs at the free surface, the crushing zone is basically shaped, and the equivalent plastic strain of the rock crushing zone and the thrown part of the free surface is as high as 6.4; at t=150 ms, each damaged zone in the blasting hopper was substantially shaped, and the equivalent plastic strain of the fractured zone rock was shown to be 6.2 on average, according to a cloud image of the equivalent plastic strain.
2) Broken partition law of blasting hopper
Hiding the thrown material points, and calibrating the range of the fragmentation zone and the damage zone according to the judging range, wherein the numerical results of each group of blasting funnels and the analysis curves of the damage range are shown in the table5, and the analysis curves of the numerical results of each group of blasting funnels and the damage range are shown in the figure 5.
Table5 blasting hopper numerical simulation data Table5 numericai informationaofblastinggfunel
As can be seen from fig. 5 and table 5: the average radius of the crushing zone, the crushing zone and the damage zone are 502mm, 830mm and 1182mm respectively, and are all within the range divided by the theoretical radius value. With the increase of the burial depth ratio, each partition radius shows a change trend of increasing firstly and then decreasing, the partition radius reaches the maximum when the burial depth ratio is 0.89, and then the radius is reduced in a moderate amplitude; the depth of the crushing area is 7.5-12.3% more than the depth of the blast hole. The radius of the crushing area is smaller along with the change amplitude of the depth ratio, and the energy generated by explosion is mainly transmitted to the direction of a free surface, and the depth ratio is caused by smaller influence on the expansion effect of detonation waves and explosive gases.
The shape of the fragmentation zone is similar to a water drop, the depth of the fragmentation zone in the axial direction of the blast hole is between 757mm and 941mm and exceeds the depth of the blast hole by 34.4-51.4%, the rock is mainly compressed and destroyed, and no free surface effect exists basically; the radial broken area radius of the blast hole has a certain rule along with the increase of the burial depth, and the range of broken areas with different depths from the free surface is extracted from the numerical simulation result as shown in fig. 6, which can be known that: the radius value of the fracture zone is maximum near the free surface position, and then the fracture zone shows a descending trend along with the increase of depth; the rule of the change of the radius rds of the fragmentation zone along with the distance df of the free surface is obtained after the fitting of the result data:
(3) Volume change rule of blasting hopper
The blasting hoppers of each group were visually treated and their volumes were calculated, and the results are shown in fig. 7, as can be seen: the volume of the blasting hopper tends to increase and decrease, and the maximum is reached when the burial depth ratio is 0.89. The data show that the radius of the crushing zone is 18.8-30.6 times of the radius of the powder charge, the radius of the crushing zone is 36.2-40.4 times of the radius of the powder charge, the radius of the damage zone is 51.3-70 times of the radius of the powder charge, and the theoretical value of the crushing zone and the radius determination formula of the crushing zone of rock blasting in blasting dynamics is met.
Example 3
In-situ burst test verification of fracture zone range
(1) In-situ blasting test conditions
In order to verify the reliability of the RHT constitutive fragmentation zone determination range in the numerical simulation process, a plurality of groups of variable-burial-depth blasting funnel tests are carried out on the 8 # drift roadway side wall in the middle section of 400m of the Dahong mountain iron ore, a gas leg rock drill is adopted in drilling work, deflection and drilling depth errors are effectively controlled, 5 groups of 3 holes are developed in total according to parameters in a numerical simulation scheme in a design test, the hole spacing is more than 2.5m, and a blasting funnel test site and used blasting equipment are shown in figure 8.
(2) Analysis of blasting results
After blasting, an advanced high-precision Maptek SR3 three-dimensional laser scanner is adopted to scan the blasting funnel, the volume of the blasting funnel is subjected to visual processing through post-processing software, and the experimental effect and the data statistical analysis result of the blasting funnel are shown in fig. 9. From the test results, it can be seen that: the shape of the blasting funnel is irregular, and the large blocks of the blasting funnel fall off partially, and the radius of the blasting funnel is about 22-30 times of the radius of the charging; compared with the numerical simulation result, the method has the general phenomenon of bigger, the average fitting degree of each item is 91.3 percent, 89 percent and 81.3 percent respectively, and the overall fitting degree is higher, so that the RHT fragmentation zone judgment range has certain reliability.
(3) Crushing zone optimization
By comparing the data in the graph, it can be seen that the radius range divided by the numerical simulation has a larger difference from the radius measured in reality, so that the judgment is optimized, and the relation among the radius rd of the fragmentation zone, the radius rc of the fragmentation zone and the damage variable D after the optimization is as follows:
the optimized theoretical formula for determining the radius of the fragmentation zone and the crushing zone can better provide theoretical calculation basis for the design of the related blasting engineering parameters of the dahurian iron ore.
In the description of the present specification, the descriptions of the terms "one embodiment," "example," "specific example," and the like, mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended only to assist in the explanation of the invention. The preferred embodiments are not exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and the full scope and equivalents thereof.
Claims (7)
1. The explosion fragmentation judging method of the rock RHT structure is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1: determining parameters of a rock RHT constitutive model;
s2: determination of plastic strain
Wherein p is * The pressure is normalized for the compressive strength parameter,
p is the current pressure, fc is the compressive strength, F r For dynamic delta factor, R 3 To describe the shear and pull meridian strength reduction factor, +.>
As a compressive yield surface parameter, G is the shear modulus of the original material, ζ is the reduction factor of hardening in the model;
ultimate strain
Wherein D is 1 ，D 2 For the damage parameters in the RHT model, dc is the critical damage parameter of the rock, Q 1 ，Q 2 Respectively represent the tensile meridian dependence coefficient and the shearing meridianThe line-dependent coefficient is used to determine,
is the relative shear strength and relative tensile strength;
s3: determination of rock plastic Strain and rock Critical damage parameter D cr Is used in the relation of (a),
s4: determining a relation curve between the center distance r of the explosion in the injury zone and the injury variable D,
wherein a is 2 And f 0 Respectively represent: attenuation coefficient and initial blasting frequency;
s5: and (5) performing simulation verification on the explosion fragmentation judgment of the rock RHT structure.
2. The method for determining the explosion fragmentation of the rock RHT structure according to claim 1, wherein the parameters of the rock RHT model in S1 are determined by a combination of theoretical analysis, statics test, wave velocity measurement test, SHPB impact test and numerical simulation.
3. The method for determining the explosion fragmentation of the rock RHT structure according to claim 1, wherein the stress states of the rock in the initial crushing and the complete crushing are selected in the step S2 as the critical threshold evaluation criteria of the rock damage region and the rock fragmentation region respectively to obtain the plastic strain epsilon p And the limit strain expression epsilon max 。
4. The method for determining the fragmentation of blasting of the RHT constitutive of rock according to claim 1, wherein the parameters D for the damage in the RHT constitutive model in S3 are defined as:
5. The method for determining the explosion fragmentation of the rock RHT structure according to claim 1, wherein the step of S5 is performed by simulation verification of the explosion fragmentation of the rock RHT structure, and the method comprises the following steps:
s1: performing numerical simulation verification on the blasting fragmentation zone based on an object point method;
s2: verifying a field blasting test of a fragmentation zone range;
s3: obtaining a relation curve between the optimized center distance r of the damage partition and the damage variable D:
wherein the method comprises the steps of，r c For the fragmentation zone radius, r d Is the radius of the crushing zone.
6. The simulation verification method for explosion fragmentation judgment of the rock RHT structure according to claim 5, wherein the S1 is based on a material particle method, adopts an RHT structure model, and performs explosion funnel numerical simulation analysis by using Peneblast simulation software.
7. The simulation verification method for explosion fragmentation judgment of the rock RHT mechanism according to claim 5, wherein the S2 drilling hole is used for effectively controlling deflection and drilling hole depth errors, the explosion funnel field test is designed according to parameters in numerical simulation verification, after explosion, the explosion funnel is scanned, and then the volume of the explosion funnel is visualized.
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| CN117291060A (en) * | 2023-11-23 | 2023-12-26 | 成都理工大学 | Three-dimensional simulation prediction method for rock burst movement process in consideration of dynamic fragmentation effect |
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| CN117291060A (en) * | 2023-11-23 | 2023-12-26 | 成都理工大学 | Three-dimensional simulation prediction method for rock burst movement process in consideration of dynamic fragmentation effect |
| CN117291060B (en) * | 2023-11-23 | 2024-02-27 | 成都理工大学 | Three-dimensional simulation prediction method for rock burst movement process in consideration of dynamic fragmentation effect |
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