CN116202900B - Detection instrument and detection method for detecting hardness of valve based on rebound parameters after impact - Google Patents
Detection instrument and detection method for detecting hardness of valve based on rebound parameters after impact Download PDFInfo
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 62
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- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007542 hardness measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- LNSPFAOULBTYBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O].C#C Chemical group [O].C#C LNSPFAOULBTYBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/40—Investigating hardness or rebound hardness
- G01N3/52—Investigating hardness or rebound hardness by measuring extent of rebound of a striking body
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of valve hardness detection, in particular to a detection instrument and a detection method for detecting valve hardness based on rebound parameters after impact. It includes that inside has the body of resilience passageway and lower extreme have the striking post of striking head, and striking post moves in the resilience passageway, is provided with resistance output subassembly in the resilience passageway, and resistance output subassembly includes at least: the device comprises a storage groove and a limiting body, wherein the limiting body is arranged in the storage groove, and when an impact column rebounded after impacting the detection area reaches the maximum rebound distance, the limiting body is meshed with the impact column to generate resistance. In the invention, the impact column is limited to fall back by the resistance action generated by the occlusion of the limiting body and the impact column, so that the problem that the impact head and the valve are secondarily damaged due to continuous fall back after the impact column rebounds is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of valve hardness detection, in particular to a detection instrument and a detection method for detecting valve hardness based on rebound parameters after impact.
Background
When the cast steel valve is processed, the hardness of the repair welding area needs to be checked, the effect of eliminating stress treatment is also checked, if the tempering temperature is insufficient, the deposited metal in the repair welding area can be high in strength, the welding area can be hard during processing, and the cutter is easy to damage. During hardness detection, the repair welding area is lightly ground by using a portable grinder, three points are knocked by using a Brinell hardness detector, and the hardness value of the repair welding area is compared with the hardness value of the cast steel valve.
If the hardness values of the two areas are similar, the oxygen-acetylene tempering is successful; the hardness of the cast steel valve after heat treatment is generally set to 160-20OHB, and too low or too high hardness has adverse effects on processing operation, and too high hardness of the repair welding area can lead to plastic degradation, so that the cast steel valve has safety problems in use.
Wherein the brinell hardness tester evaluates the hardness of a material based on the size of a trace formed by pressing in the surface of the material under a fixed load; in addition, the method can be carried out by a Vickers hardness tester or a Rockwell hardness tester, wherein the Vickers hardness tester is used for calculating the hardness of a material by measuring the elastic rebound height formed by a steel ball on a sample after the steel ball impacts the hardness sample under a certain load; the Rockwell hardness tester uses a certain load, reads the diameter of a formed drilling hole after a drill bit is pressed into the surface of a sample to a certain depth, and calculates the hardness value according to a standard table; since the valve surface shape is not unique, the valve is not accurate enough when measuring the dent, and therefore, the valve hardness is more visual to calculate by adopting the rebound height, which is a more preferable mode.
In the field of concrete strength detection, a piece of concrete strength detection is named: a concrete resiliometer (Chinese patent publication No. CN 204461920U) comprising a resiliometer shell, a tension spring component, a heavy hammer and a striking rod, wherein the tension spring component is arranged at the top end of the resiliometer shell, the striking rod is arranged at the bottom end of the resiliometer shell, the heavy hammer is arranged between the tension spring component and the striking rod, the heavy hammer is driven by the tension spring, the heavy hammer impacts the striking rod vertically contacted with the concrete surface with constant kinetic energy to deform local concrete and absorb part of energy, the other part of energy is converted into the rebound kinetic energy of the heavy hammer, when the rebound kinetic energy is completely converted into potential energy, the rebound of the heavy hammer reaches the maximum distance, the maximum rebound distance of the heavy hammer is displayed by the name of rebound value (the ratio of the maximum rebound distance to the initial length of the tension spring), and the concrete resiliometer further comprises a display, a processor, a bar grating and a photoelectric sensor; the display and the photoelectric sensor are respectively and electrically connected with the processor, the bar grating is arranged on the side surface of the heavy hammer, the display is arranged on the side surface of the rebound instrument shell, the photoelectric sensor is arranged in the rebound instrument shell, and the photoelectric sensor and the bar grating are adapted to be used for detecting the rebound height of the heavy hammer after impacting the rebound rod, so that digital reading is realized.
Although the accuracy of the rebound value is improved through the digital reading, the heavy hammer can generate the vibration motion process in the rebound process, because the rebound force received by the heavy hammer when the kinetic energy is converted into the maximum potential energy is minimum, the speed is minimum and the kinetic energy is zero, then the heavy hammer falls back and generates the kinetic energy, the heavy hammer is completely stopped after being interfered by external force or exhausted, the heavy hammer is repeatedly vibrated, secondary damage can be caused in the vibration process, continuous impact can be caused to the surface of the material, the secondary damage can be caused to the material, and the secondary damage can be avoided.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a detection instrument and a detection method for detecting the hardness of a valve based on rebound parameters after impact, so as to solve the problem of how to prevent a heavy hammer from continuously falling back after rebound.
In order to achieve the above object, one of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a detecting instrument for detecting hardness of a valve based on rebound parameters after impact, which is used for detecting hardness of a detection area on the valve, and specifically includes a pipe body having a rebound channel therein and an impact post having an impact head at a lower end, the impact post moves in the rebound channel and impacts the detection area under the driving of initial kinetic energy, and a resistance output assembly is disposed in the rebound channel, and the resistance output assembly at least includes:
the storage grooves are formed in the inner wall of the pipe body, and included angles formed by connecting the adjacent storage grooves with the circle center are equal;
the method comprises the steps of,
the limiting body is arranged in the storage groove, and when the impact column rebounded after impacting the detection area reaches the maximum rebound distance, the limiting body acts on resistance generated by occlusion of the impact column so as to limit the falling-back of the impact column.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, a plurality of bayonets are formed on the impact column corresponding to the path where the limiting body is located.
As a further improvement of the technical solution, the top of the striking column has a trailing edge.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the limiting body is an elastic plate, the elastic plate outputs a resistance effect to the impact column moving in the rebound channel by utilizing the property of elasticity of the elastic plate, and the impact column is meshed with the surface of the impact column after reaching the maximum rebound distance so as to limit the falling back of the impact column.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the resistance output assembly further comprises a trigger body, the tail edge acts on the trigger body, and the trigger body drives the limiting body to enable the limiting body to be exposed on the moving path of the impact column from the accommodating groove in which the limiting body is accommodated.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the limiting body is a hard plate;
the method comprises the steps of,
the trigger body is a tail plate, the tail plate is arranged at the lower end part of the hard plate, the joint of the hard plate and the tail plate is hinged in the storage groove, and when the hard plate is accommodated in the storage groove, the tail plate tilts towards the rebound channel;
the tail edge acts on the tail plate to enable the hard plate accommodated in the accommodating groove to be exposed into the rebound channel;
the inner diameter of the pipe body is larger than or equal to the outer diameter of the tail edge, so that a gap is formed between the pipe body and the impact column, and the tail plate is positioned in the gap.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the limiting body is an elastic plate;
the method comprises the steps of,
the trigger body is an inner sleeve, the inner sleeve is arranged in a rebound channel of the pipe body and is used for extruding the elastic plate to be accommodated in the accommodating groove, an inner protruding edge is arranged in the inner sleeve, the impact column slides in the inner protruding edge, the tail edge is meshed with the inner protruding edge in the process of impacting the detection area by the impact column, the inner protruding edge is driven to synchronously move, and the elastic plate is exposed in the rebound channel after the inner sleeve is separated from the accommodating groove.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the bottom end of the elastic plate is fixedly connected with the storage groove, and a reserved section is formed between the effective bending point of the elastic plate and the maximum displacement point of the inner sleeve during the collision.
As a further improvement of the technical scheme, the top of the tube body is provided with a lower magnet;
the method comprises the steps of,
an upper magnet is arranged at the top of the impact column, and when the impact column needs to move upwards, the upper magnet and the lower magnet generate opposite magnetic force; after the detection is started, the upper magnet and the lower magnet are converted into homomagnetic force from heteromagnetic force so as to output initial kinetic energy, and after the impact column reaches preset initial kinetic energy, the magnetic force on the upper magnet and the lower magnet disappears.
The second object of the present invention is to provide a rebound value detection method for a hardness detection instrument, comprising the following method steps:
step one, providing initial kinetic energy for an impact column, wherein the impact column impacts a detection area under the action of the initial kinetic energy;
secondly, the impact column after impacting the detection area bounces in the rebound channel, the maximum rebound distance reached by the impact column is detected, and the maximum rebound distance is taken as a rebound value;
and thirdly, limiting the falling back of the impact column by the resistance action generated by the engagement of the limiting body and the impact column when the impact column reaches the maximum rebound distance.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. in the detection instrument and the detection method for detecting the hardness of the valve based on rebound parameters after impact, the impact column is limited to fall back under the action of resistance generated by the occlusion of the limiting body and the impact column, so that the problem that the impact head and the valve are secondarily damaged due to the fact that the impact column continuously falls back after rebound is solved.
2. According to the detection instrument and the detection method for detecting the hardness of the valve based on the rebound parameters after impact, the tail edge acts on the trigger body, so that the limit body is driven by the trigger body, and the limit body is exposed on the moving path of the impact column from the accommodating groove in which the limit body is accommodated, so that the limit body is prevented from contacting the impact column in the impact stage.
3. According to the detection instrument and the detection method for detecting the hardness of the valve based on the rebound parameters after impact, the elastic plate at any position of the reserved section on the upper edge of the inner sleeve can be meshed with the bayonet, so that the reserved section is at a distance, the impact head can be ensured to adapt to the concave distance of the detection area, and the impact head is prevented from being limited by the inner sleeve after the impact head does not reach the maximum downward movement distance, so that a certain error exists in the detected structure.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the overall structure of a hardness testing apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the hardness testing apparatus of the present invention after being disassembled;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the inner structure of the tube body of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the inner sleeve structure of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a side view in cross section of the tubular body and impact post of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of the structure of FIG. 5A in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of one of the side structures of the tubular body and the impact post of the present invention during impact;
FIG. 8 is a side cross-sectional view of the tubular body and impact post of the present invention at impact;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the reserved section forming principle of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a side cross-sectional view of the tube and strike post configuration of the present invention as it bounces;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a tube structure with a support carrier according to the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional side view of a tubular body and an impact post in an impact according to the present invention;
fig. 13 is a schematic view of the mounting positions of the upper and lower magnets of the present invention.
The meaning of each reference sign in the figure is:
100. a tube body; 200. an impact post; 300. a resistance output assembly; 400. a support carrier;
110. a collar; 120. an inner edge;
210. an impact head; 220. a weight column; 230. tail edge; 240. an anti-drop edge; 250. an upper magnet; 260. a lower magnet;
310. an elastic plate; 320. an inner sleeve; 321. an outer ledge; 322. an inner ledge; 323. a flange; 330. a hard plate; 331. a tail plate;
100A, a storage groove; 200A, bayonet.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, in the description of the present invention, the meaning of "a plurality" is two or more, unless explicitly defined otherwise.
When the cast steel valve is processed, the hardness of the repair welding area needs to be checked, the effect of eliminating stress treatment is also checked, if the tempering temperature is insufficient, the deposited metal in the repair welding area can be high in strength, the welding area can be hard during processing, and the cutter is easy to damage. During hardness detection, the repair welding area is lightly ground by using a portable grinder, three points are knocked by using a Brinell hardness detector, and the hardness value of the repair welding area is compared with the hardness value of the cast steel valve.
In the field of concrete strength detection, a piece of concrete strength detection is named: a concrete resiliometer (Chinese patent publication No. CN 204461920U) comprising a resiliometer shell, a tension spring component, a heavy hammer and a striking rod, wherein the tension spring component is arranged at the top end of the resiliometer shell, the striking rod is arranged at the bottom end of the resiliometer shell, the heavy hammer is arranged between the tension spring component and the striking rod, the heavy hammer is driven by the tension spring, the heavy hammer impacts the striking rod vertically contacted with the concrete surface with constant kinetic energy to deform local concrete and absorb part of energy, the other part of energy is converted into the rebound kinetic energy of the heavy hammer, when the rebound kinetic energy is completely converted into potential energy, the rebound of the heavy hammer reaches the maximum distance, the maximum rebound distance of the heavy hammer is displayed by the name of rebound value (the ratio of the maximum rebound distance to the initial length of the tension spring), and the concrete resiliometer further comprises a display, a processor, a bar grating and a photoelectric sensor; the display and the photoelectric sensor are respectively and electrically connected with the processor, the bar grating is arranged on the side surface of the heavy hammer, the display is arranged on the side surface of the rebound instrument shell, the photoelectric sensor is arranged in the rebound instrument shell, and the photoelectric sensor and the bar grating are adapted to be used for detecting the rebound height of the heavy hammer after impacting the rebound rod, so that digital reading is realized.
Although the accuracy of the rebound value is improved through the digital reading, the heavy hammer can generate the vibration motion process in the rebound process, because the rebound force received by the heavy hammer when the kinetic energy is converted into the maximum potential energy is minimum, the speed is minimum and the kinetic energy is zero, then the heavy hammer falls back and generates the kinetic energy, the heavy hammer is completely stopped after being interfered by external force or exhausted, the heavy hammer is repeatedly vibrated, secondary damage can be caused in the vibration process, continuous impact can be caused to the surface of the material, the secondary damage can be caused to the material, and the secondary damage can be avoided.
Therefore, the present invention provides a detecting instrument for detecting hardness of a valve based on rebound parameters after impact, so as to solve the problem of how to prevent the valve from falling back after the impact, as shown in fig. 1, the detecting instrument includes a tube 100 and an impact post 200, wherein a rebound channel is provided in the tube 100, the impact post 200 penetrates through the rebound channel to limit the impact post 200 to move parallel to the tube 100 through the rebound channel, an impact head 210 is provided at the lower end of the impact post 200, in use, an initial kinetic energy is provided to the impact post 200, at this time, the impact post 200 with the impact head 210 corresponds to a weight, the impact head 210 impacts a detecting area on the valve with constant kinetic energy under the driving of the impact post 200, so that the valve detecting area is deformed and absorbs a part of energy, and the other part of energy is converted into rebound kinetic energy of the impact post 200, and in this time, the maximum rebound distance of the impact post 200 is taken as a rebound value.
As shown in fig. 2, a resistance output assembly 300 is disposed in the rebound channel of the pipe body 100, the resistance output assembly 300 includes a limiting body 310, 330, the limiting body 310, 330 is used for outputting a resistance action to the impact column 200 moving in the rebound channel and re-absorbing a part of energy, and finally the rest energy is converted into rebound kinetic energy of the impact column 200, when the impact column 200 reaches the maximum rebound distance, the limiting body 310, 330 and the impact column 200 are engaged to generate resistance action to limit the impact column 200 to fall back, thereby solving the problem that the impact head 210 and the valve are secondarily damaged due to continuous falling back of the impact column 200 after rebound, in addition, after absorbing a part of energy through resistance, the rebound kinetic energy of the impact column 200 can be reduced to reduce the rebound height thereof, thereby reducing the required length of the impact column 200 to achieve the purpose of portability.
In a first embodiment, fig. 3 shows a specific structure of the inside of the pipe body 100, a collar 110 and an inner edge 120 are disposed in a rebound channel of the pipe body 100, the collar 110 is located at the top of the rebound channel, and the inner edge 120 is located at the bottom of the rebound channel, wherein:
the inner diameter of the pipe body 100 is larger than the outer diameter of the impact column 200, and the inner diameter of the column ring 110 and the inner edge 120 are of annular structures, which are matched with the outer diameter of the impact column 200, so that the impact column 200 is limited by the column ring 110 and the inner edge 120, and the impact column 200 is kept parallel to the pipe body 100, so that after the pipe body 100 is fixed in the vertical direction, the impact column 200 is also in the vertical direction, the direction of gravity is the same as the direction of the movement of the impact column 200, and the interference of the component force of gravity on calculation is avoided.
In this embodiment, the pipe body 100 may not be provided with the collar 110 and the inner edge 120, and only the inner diameter of the pipe body is required to be matched with the outer diameter of the impact post 200, so that the impact post 200 is limited by the pipe body 100 itself to achieve the purpose of parallelism of the two, and more preferably, the implementation mode of limiting the impact post 200 by using the collar 110 and the inner edge 120 is adopted, because the contact area between the collar 110 and the inner edge 120 and the impact post 200 is reduced compared with the limitation of the pipe body 100 itself, thereby reducing the energy consumed by friction and the abrasion to the impact post 200.
At least two storage grooves 100A are formed on the inner wall of the pipe body 100 or the inner wall between the collar 110 and the inner edge 120, preferably three storage grooves 100A are formed, and the included angles formed by connecting the two adjacent storage grooves 100A with the circle center are equal to ensure that the acting force born by the impact column 200 is balanced, the limiting bodies 310 and 330 are arranged in the storage grooves 100A, in the embodiment, the limiting bodies 310 and 330 are elastic plates 310, the elastic plates 310 output a resistance action to the impact column 200 moving in the rebound channel by utilizing the self-elasticity property, and particularly, the impact column 200 always contacts with the elastic plates 310 in the moving process, so that the elastic plates 310 deform, and then the deformed elastic plates 310 output a resistance action to the impact column 200 under the self-elasticity.
When the concrete rebound device is used, firstly, the pipe body 100 is fixed, as shown in fig. 11, the support carrier 400 is arranged outside the pipe body 100, the support carrier 400 is meshed through two clamping plates at the bottom and then fixed on a table top, so that the pipe body 100 is vertical to the table top, the corresponding fixing technology is known to a person skilled in the art, the support carrier 400 is not repeated, the fixing mode of the pipe body 100 is not limited by the support carrier 400, the pipe body 100 can be fixed in other modes in the art, as long as the pipe body is kept vertical, a concrete rebound device for detecting the quality of a building engineering is disclosed in China patent publication No. CN209690096U, the concrete rebound device for detecting the quality of the building engineering slides up and down through the outer parts of a movable limiting sleeve and a fixed sleeve, the rebound device main body and the concrete building main body are kept vertical before measurement, the rebound device can synchronously stretch along with an elastic hammer in the measuring process, so that the pipe body 100 is prevented from being influenced by the detection process, namely, the pipe body 100 can be directly fixed on a valve.
After the pipe body 100 is fixed, the detection area of the valve needs to be polished, then the load column 220 arranged at the top of the impact column 200 is pulled to drive the impact column 200 to move upwards synchronously, and then constant kinetic energy is output to the load column 220, for example, the load column 220 is pushed, or the load column 220 is impacted, the kinetic energy acting on the load column 220 is converted into the initial kinetic energy of the impact column 200 falling, the falling impact column 200 drives the impact head 210 to impact the polished detection area on the valve, and at the moment, the kinetic energy is absorbed:
friction forces generated by the contact of the inner wall of the tube body 100/collar 110 and the inner wall of the inner rim 120 with the impact post 200;
friction generated by the contact of the impact post 200 with the elastic plate 310 during the downward movement;
the kinetic energy absorbed by the air resistance is negligible.
After the impact head 210 impacts the detection area, the valve surface deforms and absorbs a part of kinetic energy, the rest kinetic energy is used for the impact column 200 to rebound and the friction force and gravity absorption in the rebound process, in this embodiment, when the impact column 200 rebounds, the self gravity of the impact column 200 (including the impact head 210) absorbs a part of kinetic energy again, the friction force generated by the contact of the inner wall/collar 110 of the pipe body 100 and the inner wall of the inner edge 120 with the impact column 200 absorbs a part of kinetic energy, the rest kinetic energy is absorbed by the friction force generated by the contact of the impact column 200 with the elastic plate 310, the impact column 200 reaches the maximum rebound distance, the maximum rebound distance of the impact column 200 is taken as the rebound value, the hardness of the detection area is analyzed by the rebound value, and the friction force generated by the engagement of the elastic plate 310 with the surface of the impact column 200 is enough to overcome the gravity action of the impact column 200 itself (including the impact head 210), so that when the impact column 200 reaches the maximum rebound distance, the impact column 200 cannot continue falling down unless the load column 220 is subjected to energy input again.
In addition, in order to prevent the impact post 200 from being separated from the pipe body 100, a tail edge 230 and a drop-preventing edge 240 (respectively shown in fig. 5 and 6) are provided outside the impact post 200, wherein the tail edge 230 is provided at the top end of the impact post 200 with a radius larger than the outer diameter of the impact post 200, the drop-preventing edge 240 is provided at the bottom of the impact post 200 with a radius equally larger than the outer diameter of the impact post 200, and the tail edge 230 and the drop-preventing edge 240 are respectively exposed at the upper and lower ends of the pipe body 100, thereby restricting the impact post 200 from being separated from the pipe body 100, and ensuring that the impact post 200 always contacts the elastic plate 310.
In the second embodiment, the resistance output assembly 300 further includes trigger bodies 331, 320, and the top of the impact post 200 is required to have tail edges 230, the tail edges 230 act on the trigger bodies 331, 320, so that the trigger bodies 331, 320 drive the limiting bodies 310, 330, so that the limiting bodies 310, 330 are exposed on the moving path of the impact post 200 from the accommodating groove 100A in which they are accommodated, as shown in fig. 2, a plurality of bayonets 200A are formed on the impact post 200 corresponding to the path of the limiting bodies 310, 330, the limiting bodies 310, 330 are hard plates 330 in the embodiment, as shown in fig. 12, the trigger bodies 331, 320 are tail plates 331, the tail plates 331 are arranged at the lower ends of the hard plates 330, the connection parts of the hard plates 330 and the tail plates 331 are hinged in the accommodating groove 100A, and when the hard plates 330 are accommodated in the accommodating groove 100A, the tail plate 331 is tilted towards the rebound channel, the tail edge 230 acts on the tail plate 331 during the downward movement of the impact post 200, the hard plate 330 accommodated in the accommodating groove 100A exposes the rebound channel, the hard plate 330 does not limit the upward movement of the impact post 200, when the impact post 200 reaches the maximum rebound distance, the end of the hard plate 330 is clamped into the bayonet 200A, the impact post 200 is limited to fall back under the action of resistance generated after the engagement, the limiting capacity is stronger, the next detection can be performed after the hard plate 330 is pulled back, the hard plate 330 does not contact with the impact post 200 during the downward movement of the impact post 200 in the impact detection area, so that the consumption of kinetic energy during the impact process is reduced, and in addition, the bayonet 200A can be used for representing a scale value to obtain the rebound value.
It should be noted that, the inner diameter of the tube body 100 is greater than or equal to the outer diameter of the tail edge 230, so that a gap is generated between the tube body 100 and the impact post 200, the tail plate 331 is located in the gap, and the tail edge 230 is ensured to smoothly enter the rebound channel, and the tail edge 230 is limited by the tail plate 331 so as to prevent the impact post 200 from being separated from the tube body 100.
Preferably, an inner edge 120 is provided at the bottom of the tube body 100, and an inner diameter of the inner edge 120 is matched with an outer diameter of the impact post 200 to restrict the impact post 200 so that the impact post 200 is maintained parallel to the tube body 100.
In a third embodiment, the triggering bodies 331 and 320 are inner sleeves 320, the limiting bodies 310 and 330 are elastic plates 310, referring to fig. 3, the inner sleeves 320 are arranged in a rebound channel of the pipe body 100 and used for extruding the elastic plates 310 to be accommodated in the accommodating groove 100A, as shown in fig. 4, an inner protruding edge 322 is arranged in the inner sleeves 320, the impact post 200 slides in the inner protruding edge 322, and a tail edge 230 is arranged at the top end of the impact post 200, fig. 7 and 8 show the position of the inner sleeves 320 and the state of the elastic plates 310 after the impact head 210 impacts a detection area, particularly, the tail edge 230 is meshed with the inner protruding edge 322 during the impact of the impact post 200 on the detection area, and the inner sleeves 320 are gradually separated from the accommodating groove 100A once the tail edge 230 which is meshed to continuously move downwards drives the inner protruding edge 322 synchronously, then the elastic plates 310 are exposed in the rebound channel under the action of self elastic force, and then the limit of the elastic plates 310 is broken through, as the bayonet 200A is a wedge-shaped groove, the bayonet 200 moves upwards, the elastic plates 200 can be restored to the bayonet 200 can be limited once the bayonet 200 is restored, and the bayonet 200 is required to be restored once the bayonet 200 is restored to the limit the inner sleeves 310, and the limit the situation is needed after the bayonet 200 is reset once the bayonet 200 is pushed down.
In the second and third embodiments, after the triggering bodies 331, 320 are triggered, the limiting bodies 310, 330 are exposed in the rebound passages, so that the limiting bodies 310, 330 are ensured not to contact with the impact post 200 in the impact stage, but the triggering bodies 331, 320 are triggered by the impact post 200 before rebound, so that the limiting bodies 310, 330 are exposed in the rebound passages and then contact with the rebound impact post 200, and the impact post 200 reaching the maximum rebound distance is limited by the limiting bodies 310, 330 in cooperation with the bayonet 200A so as to prevent the rebound.
Preferably, referring to fig. 4, an outer flange 321 is provided at the top outside the inner sleeve 320, and an inner rim 120 is provided at the bottom inside the tube body 100, and the inner sleeve 320 is restricted by the engagement of the outer flange 321 and the inner rim 120 inside the rebound channel, so as to prevent the inner sleeve 320 from being separated from the rebound channel, and a flange 323 is provided at the bottom outside the inner sleeve 320, and the inner sleeve 320 is restricted by the engagement of the flange 323 and the inner rim 120 outside the rebound channel, so as to prevent the inner sleeve 320 from completely entering the rebound channel.
Moreover, the anti-drop rim 240 and the tail rim 230 are both restrained by the inner sleeve 320 in this embodiment, thereby preventing the impact post 200 from being detached from the tube body 100.
Further, as shown in fig. 9, the bottom end of the elastic plate 310 is fixedly connected with the accommodating groove 100A, and when the elastic plate 310 is bent to the point a (effective bending point), the end of the elastic plate can be attached to the impact post 200 and can be engaged with the bayonet 200A, the maximum displacement distance of the upper edge of the inner sleeve 320 reaches the point b (the maximum displacement point of the upper edge of the inner sleeve 320 during impact), a reserved section L is formed between the point a and the point b, the elastic plate 310 on any position of the reserved section L along the upper edge of the inner sleeve 320 can be engaged with the bayonet 200A, so that the distance of the reserved section L can ensure that the impact head 210 is adapted to the concave distance of the detection area, and the impact head 210 is prevented from being limited by the inner sleeve 320 after the maximum downward displacement distance is not reached, so that a certain error exists in the detection result.
In the fourth embodiment, as shown in fig. 13, a lower magnet 260 is disposed at the top of the tube 100, an upper magnet 250 is disposed at the top of the impact post 200, the upper magnet 250 can be embedded in the impact post 200, when the impact post 200 needs to move upwards, the upper magnet 250 and the lower magnet 260 generate opposite magnetic force, the impact post 200 can move upwards by using the principle of opposite attraction of magnetic force, the upper magnet 250 and the lower magnet 260 can detect after being attached to each other, after the detection is started, the upper magnet 250 and the lower magnet 260 are converted into the same magnetic force from opposite magnetic force, and then the principle of the same magnetic force and the same magnetic force repel is utilized to provide kinetic energy for the impact post 200 in an impact detection area, and after the impact post 200 reaches the set kinetic energy, the magnetic force on the upper magnet 250 and the lower magnet 260 disappears, so that the rebound after the impact of the impact post 200 on the impact detection area is avoided.
In addition, the inner sleeve 320 can be automatically reset by matching with the anti-falling edge 240, and the length of the movement path of the impact post 200 is further shortened, so that the whole instrument is more portable when in use.
It should be noted that, the upper magnet 250 and the lower magnet 260 are provided with electromagnetic coils, and the related principle is common knowledge in the art, so that the description is omitted here,
the invention also provides a rebound value detection method for the hardness detection instrument, which comprises the following method steps:
step one, providing an initial kinetic energy to the impact column 200, wherein the impact column 200 impacts a detection area under the action of the initial kinetic energy;
step two, the impact column 200 after impacting the detection area bounces in the rebound channel, and the maximum rebound distance reached by the impact column 200 is detected, and the maximum rebound distance is taken as a rebound value;
step three, the impact post 200 is limited from falling back by the resistance action generated by the engagement of the limiting bodies 310, 330 with the impact post 200 while the impact post 200 reaches the maximum rebound distance.
The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, principal features and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and that the above-described embodiments and descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the invention, and that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a detecting instrument based on rebound parameter detection valve hardness after striking, it is used for detecting the hardness of detection area on the valve, specifically includes inside body (100) that have rebound passageway and lower extreme have striking post (200) of striking head (210), striking post (200) are at rebound passageway internal motion to strike detection area under the drive of initial kinetic energy, its characterized in that: a resistance output assembly (300) is arranged in the rebound channel, and the resistance output assembly (300) at least comprises:
the storage grooves (100A) are formed in the inner wall of the pipe body (100), and the included angles formed by connecting the adjacent two storage grooves (100A) with the circle center are equal;
the method comprises the steps of,
the limiting body is arranged in the accommodating groove (100A), and when the impact column (200) rebounded after impacting the detection area reaches the maximum rebound distance, the limiting body acts on resistance generated by occlusion of the impact column (200) so as to limit the impact column (200) from falling back;
a plurality of bayonets (200A) are formed in the impact column (200) corresponding to the path of the limiting body;
-the top of the impact post (200) has a trailing edge (230);
the resistance output assembly (300) further comprises a trigger body, the tail edge (230) acts on the trigger body, and the trigger body drives the limiting body to enable the limiting body to be exposed on the moving path of the impact column (200) from the accommodating groove (100A) in which the limiting body is accommodated.
2. The instrument for detecting valve hardness based on post-impact rebound parameters of claim 1, wherein: the limiting body is an elastic plate (310), the elastic plate (310) outputs a resistance action to the impact column (200) moving in the rebound channel by utilizing the self-elasticity property, and after the impact column (200) reaches the maximum rebound distance, the elastic plate (310) is meshed with the surface of the impact column (200) to limit the impact column (200) from falling back.
3. The instrument for detecting valve hardness based on post-impact rebound parameters of claim 1, wherein: the limiting body is a hard plate (330);
the method comprises the steps of,
the trigger body is a tail plate (331), the tail plate (331) is arranged at the lower end part of the hard plate (330), the joint of the hard plate (330) and the tail plate (331) is hinged in the accommodating groove (100A), and when the hard plate (330) is accommodated in the accommodating groove (100A), the tail plate (331) is tilted towards the rebound channel;
the tail edge (230) exposes the hard plate (330) accommodated in the accommodating groove (100A) to the rebound channel;
the inner diameter of the pipe body (100) is larger than or equal to the outer diameter of the tail edge (230) so as to enable a gap to be generated between the pipe body (100) and the impact column (200), and the tail plate (331) is located in the gap.
4. The instrument for detecting valve hardness based on post-impact rebound parameters of claim 1, wherein: the limiting body is an elastic plate (310);
the method comprises the steps of,
the trigger body is an inner sleeve (320), the inner sleeve (320) is arranged in a rebound channel of the pipe body (100) and is used for extruding the elastic plate (310) to be contained in the containing groove (100A), an inner protruding edge (322) is arranged in the inner sleeve (320), the impact column (200) slides in the inner protruding edge (322), in the process that the impact column (200) impacts a detection area, the tail edge (230) is meshed with the inner protruding edge (322) and drives the inner protruding edge (322) to synchronously move, and the elastic plate (310) is exposed in the rebound channel after the inner sleeve (320) is separated from the containing groove (100A).
5. The instrument for detecting valve hardness based on post-impact rebound parameters of claim 4, wherein: the bottom end of the elastic plate (310) is fixedly connected with the storage groove (100A), and a reserved section is formed between an effective bending point of the elastic plate (310) and the maximum displacement point of the inner sleeve (320) during the impact.
6. The instrument for detecting valve hardness based on post-impact rebound parameters of claim 1, wherein: a lower magnet (260) is arranged at the top of the pipe body (100);
the method comprises the steps of,
an upper magnet (250) is arranged at the top of the impact column (200), and when the impact column (200) needs to move upwards, the upper magnet (250) and the lower magnet (260) generate opposite magnetic force; after the detection is started, the upper magnet (250) and the lower magnet (260) are converted from opposite magnetic force to same magnetic force so as to output initial kinetic energy, and after the impact column (200) reaches the preset initial kinetic energy, the magnetic force on the upper magnet (250) and the lower magnet (260) disappears.
7. A rebound value detection method for a hardness testing apparatus according to claim 1, comprising the method steps of:
step one, providing an initial kinetic energy for the impact column (200), wherein the impact column (200) impacts a detection area under the action of the initial kinetic energy;
secondly, the impact column (200) after impacting the detection area bounces in the rebound channel, and the maximum rebound distance reached by the impact column (200) is detected, and the maximum rebound distance is taken as a rebound value;
and thirdly, limiting the falling back of the impact column (200) under the action of resistance generated by the engagement of the limiting body and the impact column (200) when the impact column (200) reaches the maximum rebound distance.
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