CN116200365A - Active oligopeptide RYIVPL and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Active oligopeptide RYIVPL and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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CN116200365A
CN116200365A CN202211627366.2A CN202211627366A CN116200365A CN 116200365 A CN116200365 A CN 116200365A CN 202211627366 A CN202211627366 A CN 202211627366A CN 116200365 A CN116200365 A CN 116200365A
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oligopeptide
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管骁
宋洪东
王擎宇
邵诸伟
汪新月
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University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
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Abstract

The invention relates to an active oligopeptide RYIVPL, a preparation method and application thereof. The active oligopeptide is RYIVPL, and the amino acid sequence is as follows: arg-Tyr-Ile-Val-Pro-Leu has the function of obviously stimulating endocrine cells of intestinal tract to secrete cholecystokinin (CCK). Compared with the prior art, the oligopeptide can be synthesized artificially by adopting a chemical solid phase synthesis method, and can be obtained after separation and purification after enzymolysis of wheat protein. The oligopeptide has the characteristics of safety, no toxic or side effect, difficult enzymolysis by gastrointestinal digestive enzymes, easy absorption and the like, is suitable for serving as a functional component to develop foods, functional/health-care foods and medicines with the functions of delaying gastric emptying, promoting satiety and losing weight, and has great application value in the fields of foods, medicines and the like and wide prospect.

Description

Active oligopeptide RYIVPL and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of bioactive peptides, and particularly relates to an active oligopeptide RYIVPL, a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Obesity has become a global public health problem. Many chronic diseases including atherosclerosis, cardiovascular diseases, type II diabetes, etc. are associated with obesity. The imbalance in energy intake and energy expenditure is a direct cause of overweight obesity in an individual. Therefore, in order to prevent obesity, limiting excessive energy intake, i.e., limiting the intake of food, is an optimal means. The central hypothalamus and digestive tract of the body are key sites for controlling the regulation of ingestion, and a plurality of ghrelins related to the regulation of ingestion are distributed in the body. Cholecystokinin (CCK) is a member of classical brain-intestinal peptides, and can regulate the generation of satiety signals by organisms and reduce the food intake of organisms, thereby achieving the effect of suppressing appetite. Prior studies have shown that CCK secretion is regulated by dietary factors. Thus, the secretion of CCK in the intestinal tract can be regulated by diet, thereby improving or relieving obesity and related chronic diseases.
The food-borne bioactive peptide is a common dietary factor, has the characteristics of easy digestion and absorption by human bodies, high edible safety and the like, and has a wide application range in the food field. In view of the important role of CCK and the advantages of bioactive peptide, finding a bioactive peptide or extract capable of promoting intestinal CCK secretion has important value and great economic and social significance in preventing obesity or related chronic diseases.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the current situation that bioactive peptide capable of promoting intestinal CCK secretion is lacking in the prior art, the invention provides an active oligopeptide RYIVPL with a function of promoting CCK secretion, and a preparation method and application thereof.
The aim of the invention can be achieved by the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an active oligopeptide having CCK secretion promoting activity, wherein the active oligopeptide is RYIVPL, and the amino acid sequence is: arg-Tyr-Ile-Val-Pro-Leu.
Wheat proteins are mainly gluten and prolamin. The RYIVPL active oligopeptide is found to exist in wheat protein and is derived from wheat Protein kinase domain-containing protein (Uniprot protein accession number: A0A3B6D6B 8), so that the RYIVPL active oligopeptide can be prepared from the wheat protein.
In a second aspect of the invention, polynucleotides encoding the active oligopeptides are provided.
In a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing the active oligopeptide, which comprises performing biological enzymolysis on wheat protein, and then separating and purifying the wheat protein, or directly obtaining the active oligopeptide, and artificially synthesizing the active oligopeptide by genetic engineering, or directly preparing the active oligopeptide by chemical synthesis.
The artificial synthesis of the active oligopeptides by genetic engineering methods is a technical solution that can be achieved by a person skilled in the art, and for example, the sequence synthesis of the oligopeptides can be controlled by a suitable DNA template based on DNA recombination technology.
The method for directly obtaining the wheat protein by a separation and purification method can be as follows: based on the amino acid sequence of the given active oligopeptide, the active oligopeptide is obtained from wheat by adopting conventional enzymolysis, separation and purification methods in biological technology.
The method for preparing the active oligopeptide by chemical synthesis adopts a traditional solid-phase synthesis method.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for preparing an enzymatic hydrolysate containing the active oligopeptide, wherein wheat protein is subjected to enzymatic hydrolysis by a two-step enzymatic hydrolysis method, comprising the steps of: and sequentially carrying out enzymolysis on wheat protein by using pepsin and trypsin to obtain a wheat protein enzymolysis product, namely an enzymolysis product containing the active oligopeptide.
In one embodiment of the invention, the method for sequentially hydrolyzing wheat protein by pepsin and trypsin comprises the following steps:
1) Extracting wheat protein from wheat;
2) Carrying out enzymolysis on the wheat protein by using the pepsin to obtain a first enzymolysis product;
3) And (3) carrying out enzymolysis on the first enzymolysis product by using the trypsin to obtain a wheat protein enzymolysis product.
In one embodiment of the present invention, a method for extracting wheat protein from wheat comprises the steps of:
grinding wheat, degreasing, adding into distilled water, setting the temperature to 50-60 ℃, adjusting the pH to 4-6, and pre-treating with saccharifying enzyme for 0.5-2h; cooling to room temperature, adjusting pH to 10-12, extracting protein, centrifuging to obtain supernatant, adjusting pH to 4.4-4.6, standing, centrifuging, and washing with water; and finally drying to obtain the wheat protein.
In one embodiment of the invention, the mass ratio of pepsin or trypsin to the wheat protein is 1:10-100.
In one embodiment of the invention, the enzymolysis condition of pepsin or trypsin is 37 ℃ for 1-4h.
In one embodiment of the present invention, after the wheat proteolytic product is obtained in step 3), the method further comprises the following steps:
separating the wheat protein enzymolysis product by using YMC ODS C18 chromatographic column, eluting with 5% methanol deionized water solution, 30% methanol deionized water solution, 80% methanol deionized water solution and 100% methanol solution as eluent at a certain flow rate, purifying by chromatography, and collecting different components; and then detecting the influence of different components on CCK secretion of the enteroendocrine cells, and selecting the component with the highest activity for stimulating CCK secretion as a target component, namely a product containing the active oligopeptide.
In a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an enzymatic hydrolysate of an active oligopeptide prepared based on the above preparation method.
In a sixth aspect, the invention provides the use of said active oligopeptide, an enzymatic hydrolysate containing said oligopeptide, for the preparation of a product having at least one of the following functions 1) -4):
1) Promoting CCK secretion;
2) Slowing gastric emptying;
3) Suppressing appetite and reducing food intake;
4) Preventing or assisting in treating obesity.
The active oligopeptide and an enzymolysis product containing the active oligopeptide have the function of promoting CCK secretion, and can slow down gastric emptying, inhibit appetite, reduce food intake and prevent or assist in treating obesity.
In a seventh aspect, the present invention provides a product comprising said active oligopeptide, or an enzymatic hydrolysate comprising said active oligopeptide, said product having at least one of the following functions 1) to 4):
1) Promoting CCK secretion;
2) Slowing gastric emptying;
3) Suppressing appetite and reducing food intake;
4) Preventing or assisting in treating obesity.
The products include foods, functional foods/health foods and medicines.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages and beneficial effects that:
the invention screens out the active oligopeptide for promoting the secretion of intestinal CCK, and the active peptide has a novel peptide sequence structure, so far, other related reports are not yet seen; the active peptide can be prepared from food protein wheat protein, and has the advantages of safety and no toxic or side effect; the active oligopeptide is not easily degraded by pepsin and pancreatin in the gastrointestinal tract, has good stability, and can exert CCK secretion promoting activity to the maximum extent; the active oligopeptide disclosed by the invention has the advantages of small molecular weight which is smaller than 1000Da, and has the effect of promoting the secretion activity of intestinal CCK, and is easy to be absorbed by organisms, so that the active oligopeptide has a good nutrition function. The preparation method of the active oligopeptide or the enzymolysis product containing the oligopeptide is simple, easy to operate, convenient for industrialized mass production and wide in application prospect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the effect of RYIVPL active oligopeptides on STC-1 cell viability;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the effect of RYIVPL active oligopeptide on CCK secretion by STC-1 cells;
FIG. 3 shows the effect of wheat proteinase (W) on CCK secretion by STC-1 cells, C being the control group (no wheat proteinase added);
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the effect of wheat protein hydrolysate on CCK secretion by mouse enteroendocrine cells;
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the separation of wheat protein hydrolysate by YMC ODS C18 column chromatography;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the effect of isolated fractions on CCK secretion by STC-1 cells;
FIG. 7 is a MS/MS pattern and sequence analysis of the RYIVPL active oligopeptide in isolated fraction F7.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings and specific examples.
EXAMPLE 1 evaluation of RYIVPL Activity oligopeptide Synthesis and CCK secretion-promoting Activity
1. Synthesis of RYIVPL active oligopeptides
The active oligopeptide Arg-Tyr-Ile-Val-Pro-Leu (RYIVPL) is synthesized by adopting a peptide solid-phase synthesis method from Zhejiang Hongtao technology Co., ltd, and the purity of the synthesized peptide is verified to be more than 95% by a high performance liquid phase method and a mass spectrum technology.
2. Effect of RYIVPL on STC-1 cell Activity and CCK secretion
(1) Cultivation of STC-1 cells
STC-1 cells were cultured in DMEM medium containing 10% Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS), 1% non-essential amino acids (NEAA), 100U/mL penicillin and 0.1mg/mL streptomycin. The cells were incubated at 37℃with 5% CO 2 Is incubated in the cell incubator of (a) and subcultured by trypsinization when a density of 80-90% is reached.
(2) Cell Activity assay
The effect of RYIVPL active peptides on STC-1 cell viability was tested and assessed by cell proliferation and cytotoxicity of WST-8 (2- (2-methoxy-4-nitrophenyl) -3- (4-nitrophenyl) -5- (2, 4-disulfophenyl) -2H-tetrazolium monosodium salt). WST-8 is added into STC-1 cells treated by a 96-well plate, in the presence of an electron coupling reagent, the WST-8 can be reduced by some dehydrogenases in mitochondria to generate orange-yellow Formazan, and an enzyme-labeled instrument is used for measuring absorbance at the detection wavelength of 450nm, so that the absorbance is expressed as a percentage of a control group. The results are shown in FIG. 1, and the activity of the active oligopeptide is not changed compared with that of the control STC-1 at different test concentrations, so that the RYIVPL active peptide is nontoxic to cells.
(3) Determination of the content of secreted hormone of STC-1 cells
The RYIVPL active oligopeptide is prepared into peptide solutions with molar concentrations of 0.2,2 and 5mM respectively by Hank's buffer solution. STC-1 cells were grown in 24 well plates at 1.25X10 5 Density inoculation of individual cells. When the cells reached 80% -90% confluence, the cells were washed twice with Hank's buffer to remove the medium. The peptide solution was added to STC-1 cells and the cells were incubated in an incubator at 37℃for 2h. After the incubation, 1000g was centrifuged for 20min, and the supernatant was taken. CCK content was determined using a commercial CCK kit from Wohan cloud cloning technologies Co.
The total protein content of the supernatant measured using the Biyun biotechnology company BCA kit was used as a reference to reduce errors caused by handling between different batches. The calculation formula is as follows: c (C) CCK /(C BCA ×100)(×10 -7 ) Wherein C CCK Represents the CCK concentration (pg/mL), C in the supernatant BCA Represents the measured total protein concentration minus the measured peptide concentration (mg/mL) in the supernatant.
The effect of the RYIVPL active peptide on CCK secretion by STC-1 cells is shown in FIG. 2, and it can be seen that the RYIVPL active oligopeptide dose-dependent increases CCK secretion. Numerous studies have demonstrated that CCK is an important member of the brain-intestinal peptide group, which slows gastric emptying, regulates the production of satiety signals in the body, and reduces the intake of food in the body, thereby achieving the effect of suppressing appetite. Increasing secretion of CCK in the intestinal tract is of great importance for the prevention and alleviation of obesity. The RYIVPL active peptide can obviously promote the secretion of CCK by an intestinal endocrine cell STC-1, so that the peptide has important significance and application value for promoting satiety and losing weight.
Example 2 preparation of wheat protein hydrolysate and Activity evaluation
(1) Preparation of wheat protein zymolyte
Wheat flour was milled through an 80 mesh screen and then defatted with hexane. Soaking defatted wheat flour in distilled water at a mass ratio of 12:1 in beaker, adjusting pH to 5.0 with 1mol/L HCl, and treating with saccharifying enzyme at 50deg.C for 1 hr. The pH was then adjusted to 11.0 with 1mol/L NaOH and the supernatant was centrifuged after 2h action with a magnetic stirrer. Regulating pH of supernatant to isoelectric point (pH 4.5) with 1mol/L HCl, standing for 1 hr, centrifuging, washing with water, precipitating to neutrality, redissolving with small amount of distilled water, lyophilizing to obtain wheat protein, and storing at 4deg.C for use.
1g of the lyophilized protein powder was dissolved in 20mL of a freshly prepared aqueous pepsin solution containing 25mg, the pH of the solution was adjusted to 2.0 with HCl (1 mol/L) and incubated at 37℃for 2h. After the incubation was completed, the pH of the solution was adjusted to 6.8 with NaOH (1 mol/L), and then 50mg of trypsin was added to continue the enzymatic hydrolysis for 2 hours. And inactivating enzyme in boiling water bath for 8min, centrifuging, collecting supernatant, and lyophilizing to obtain wheat protein hydrolysate.
(2) Activity evaluation
The effect of wheat protein hydrolysate on the secretion of CCK by STC-1 cells was determined by using the above method by preparing a solution with a mass concentration of 5mg/mL with Hank's buffer, and the results are shown in FIG. 3. From the results, it can be seen that wheat protein hydrolysate can significantly stimulate the secretion of CCK by STC-1 cells.
Further, the effect of wheat proteolytic enzyme on hormone secretion by the mouse enteroendocrine cells was evaluated at the animal level. ICR mice were randomly divided into 2 groups (28 per group) after a 1 week adaptation period. Control group: lavage physiological saline; wheat protein hydrolysate group: gastric lavage wheat protein hydrolysate (1.0 g/kg body weight). After the stomach is irrigated, eyeballs are respectively subjected to blood collection at 0, 15min,30min,60min,90min,120min and 150min, the eyeballs are placed into a centrifuge tube containing EDTA (final concentration is 1 mg/mL) and aprotinin (final concentration is 0.6 TIU/mL), supernatant is centrifugally collected, and the CCK hormone content in serum is obtained through an ELISA method. CCK in the serum of the gastric lavage saline group was maintained at a level of about 40pg/mL during this period. The results of the gastric lavage wheat proteolytic enzyme group are shown in FIG. 4, and the wheat proteolytic enzyme can be found to greatly increase the CCK level in the mouse, and the CCK concentration in the blood of the mouse reaches about 90pg/mL in 60 min.
Example 3 preparation of active oligopeptides for promoting CCK secretion by wheat proteins
Taking YMC ODS C18 filler, conventional swelling and column loading (methanol is used as a filling buffer solution), wherein the height of the column is 25cm, the inner diameter of the column is 1.6cm, a water layer is required to be reserved at the top of the column at any moment, the column can be used after balancing about 3-4 column volumes, and the sample wheat proteolytic substance starts to be added when the liquid level is 2-3 mm. About 160mg of wheat protein hydrolysate powder is weighed and dissolved in 2mL of distilled water, a 0.45 mu m microporous filter membrane is added into a chromatographic column after filtration, the eluent is methanol solutions (5%, 30%, 80% and 100%) with different volume concentrations, the elution speed is 2mL/min, and the elution peak is collected. The wheat protein hydrolysate separation spectrum is shown in fig. 5, and it can be seen that the C18 chromatographic column separates the protein hydrolysate into 7 peptide components.
The first component has extremely high water absorption, can absorb moisture in air after freeze-drying, and the fourth component has extremely low proportion and is extremely difficult to obtain. The activity of 5 peptide fractions was evaluated by the method described above, and the results are shown in FIG. 6. It was found that the F7 component had the best ability to stimulate CCK secretion by STC-1 cells among the 5 peptide components. Thus, the F7 component is a highly active CCK secretion-promoting oligopeptide.
Example 4 identification of wheat proteins containing RYIVPL active peptides
The peptide sequences in the F7 fraction were identified using mass spectrometry techniques. The sample was dissolved in distilled water to prepare a 1mg/mL sample. A reverse phase chromatography column (150 μm i.d. x 150mm,packed with Acclaim PepMap RPLC C18,1.9 μm,
Figure BDA0004004103740000061
) Separating, wherein the mobile phase A is 0.1% formic acid aqueous solution, the mobile phase B is 0.1% formic acid/80% acetonitrile solution, and the gradient elution and separation gradient are carried out at the flow rate of 600 nL/min: 0-2min,4-8% B;2-45min,8-40% B;45-55min,40-60% B;55-56min,60-95% B;56-66min,95% B. The mass spectrum ion source type is electrospray ionization source (ESI), and positive ion scanning modeSpraying voltage 2200V, capillary temperature 270 ℃. Primary mass spectrum parameter setting: scan range 100-2000m/z, maximum resolution 70000, auto gain parameter 3000000. Secondary mass spectrometry parameter setting: the scanning range is 50-2000m/z, the maximum resolution is 17500, and the automatic gain parameter is 100000.
The ion peak mainly occurring in the F7 component was m/z=380.74, z=2, as detected by mass spectrometry. The molecular ion peak is further subjected to secondary mass spectrometry, and the secondary mass spectrum of the molecular ion peak is shown in fig. 7. Through database matching, the peptide corresponding to the ion peak is Arg-Tyr-Ile-Val-Pro-Leu (RYIVPL).
Wheat proteins are mainly gluten and prolamin. It was found that the RYIVPL active oligopeptide is derived from wheat Protein kinase domain-containing protein (Uniprot protein accession number: A0A3B6D6B 8), and that the RYIVPL active oligopeptide can be prepared from wheat protein.
The amino acid sequence of wheat Protein kinase domain-containing protein (Uniprot protein accession number: A0A3B6D6B 8) is shown in SEQ ID NO. 1. The RYIVPL active oligopeptide is positioned at the 602 th to 607 th positions of the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO. 1.
The amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO.1 is specifically as follows:
MHERAVWIFL CDLGGQNMPF EGSIPVEIGN LVNLFSLGME SNFLYGSIPS SIGKLRNLYI 60
LNLSKNKLSG QIPPSIGDVT QLALLYLDGN NLGGNIPGSL AQCMGLFELN LSQNNLDGSI 120
PVRLFADLLF AWSLDFSHNN LTGELPPVLG TYGIGSGLVS LHMEGNRFHG QIPERWHLLV 180
STRQINLSHN DLSGVVPKFF EQLDKLEQLD LSYNNLEGAV PASGIFTHSA AVVLDGNKGL 240
CSNSPRLALP ICPGISGSAT KVKHHLSLLV TSLLIVLPPL TIGSLVLIWF MLTIWKKGSF 300
PFSRWDLVSK MFPNRREVHT APCHDEKKLK RVSYEDIVKA TNWFSLVHTI SSTCTGSVYV 360
GRFKSDKSLV AIKVFKLNEP GGYDSYLIEC EVLRSTRHRN IMRPVTLCST LDSQNHEFKA 420
LIFEFMVNGS LEAWLHSEQH NGIPDKVLGF GQRICIAADV ASALDYAHNE LTPPLIHCDL 480
KPNNVLLDDD MTARLSDFGS AKFLSPGLVI PKSLDDVGGT IGYVAPEYGM GCEISVAGDL 540
YSFGVLLLEL LTGKRPTDDM FVDGLSLCKF SESMFPDRVA EILDPHMAHE EHQGCTEAWM 600
ERYIVPLVAL GLSCTMESTK DRPGMKDVCA KLSDIRASFL ELS 643
the previous description of the embodiments is provided to facilitate a person of ordinary skill in the art in order to make and use the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications can be readily made to these embodiments and the generic principles described herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of the inventive faculty. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and those skilled in the art, based on the present disclosure, should make improvements and modifications without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An active oligopeptide capable of promoting cholecystokinin secretion, which is characterized in that the oligopeptide is RYIVPL and has the amino acid sequence of: arg-Tyr-Ile-Val-Pro-Leu.
2. A polynucleotide encoding the active oligopeptide of claim 1.
3. The method for preparing the active oligopeptide according to claim 1, wherein the active oligopeptide is prepared directly by a chemical synthesis method, or is synthesized artificially by a genetic engineering method, or is obtained from wheat protein by a biological enzymolysis method and a separation and purification method.
4. A process for the preparation of an enzymatic hydrolysate comprising the active oligopeptide of claim 1, comprising the steps of: sequentially hydrolyzing wheat protein with pepsin and trypsin to obtain a wheat protein enzymolysis product, namely an enzymolysis product containing the active oligopeptide according to claim 1.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the method of extracting wheat protein from wheat comprises the steps of:
grinding wheat, degreasing, adding into distilled water, setting the temperature to 50-60 ℃, adjusting the pH to 4-6, and pre-treating with saccharifying enzyme for 0.5-2h; cooling to room temperature, adjusting pH to 10-12, extracting protein, centrifuging to obtain supernatant, adjusting pH to 4.4-4.6, standing, centrifuging, and washing with water; and finally drying to obtain the wheat protein.
6. The method according to claim 4, wherein the mass ratio of pepsin or trypsin to the wheat protein is 1:10-100;
the enzymolysis condition of pepsin or trypsin is 37 ℃ for enzymolysis for 1-4 hours.
7. The method according to claim 4, further comprising the steps of, after obtaining the wheat proteolytic product:
separating the wheat protein enzymolysis product by using YMC ODS C18 chromatographic column, eluting with 5% methanol deionized water solution, 30% methanol deionized water solution, 80% methanol deionized water solution and 100% methanol solution as eluent at a certain flow rate, purifying by chromatography, and collecting different components; then detecting the influence of different components on CCK secretion of the enteroendocrine cell, and selecting the component which stimulates CCK secretion to have the highest activity as a target component, namely the active oligopeptide of claim 1.
8. An enzymatic hydrolysate comprising the active oligopeptide of claim 1 having the effect of promoting cholecystokinin secretion prepared on the basis of the preparation method of any one of claims 4 to 7.
9. Use of an active oligopeptide according to claim 1, an enzymatic hydrolysate comprising an active oligopeptide according to claim 1 for the preparation of a product having at least one of the following functions 1) -4):
1) Promoting CCK secretion;
2) Slowing gastric emptying;
3) Suppressing appetite and reducing food intake;
4) Preventing or assisting in treating obesity.
10. A product comprising the active oligopeptide of claim 1 or an enzymatic hydrolysate comprising the active oligopeptide of claim 1, said product having at least one of the following functions 1) to 4):
1) Promoting CCK secretion;
2) Slowing gastric emptying;
3) Suppressing appetite and reducing food intake;
4) Preventing or assisting in treating obesity.
CN202211627366.2A 2022-12-16 2022-12-16 Active oligopeptide RYIVPL and preparation method and application thereof Pending CN116200365A (en)

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