CN116199479A - Novel static crushing agent and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Novel static crushing agent and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116199479A CN116199479A CN202310214967.9A CN202310214967A CN116199479A CN 116199479 A CN116199479 A CN 116199479A CN 202310214967 A CN202310214967 A CN 202310214967A CN 116199479 A CN116199479 A CN 116199479A
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- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 229940092782 bentonite Drugs 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 14
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ONCZQWJXONKSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;disodium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+);hydrate Chemical class O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Na+].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4] ONCZQWJXONKSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 48
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 6
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- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 230000036632 reaction speed Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 2
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010963 304 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000589 SAE 304 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012744 reinforcing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003469 silicate cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940080314 sodium bentonite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000280 sodium bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a novel static crushing agent and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of engineering blasting static crushing. The static crushing agent is prepared from the following raw materials: the raw materials and the mass percentages thereof are as follows: 71 to 75 percent of calcium oxide, 9 to 11 percent of P.O42.5 cement, 3 to 5 percent of calcium sulfate, 4 to 6 percent of modified Gao Naji bentonite, 1 percent of polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducer and 4 to 12 percent of fly ash; the calcination temperature of the novel static breaker main material calcium oxide is high, the constant temperature time is long, the more compact the microscopic crystal grains of the calcium oxide shrink, the slower the hydration reaction; the hydration reaction rate of the static breaker can be better controlled in the use process, the breaking operation is further controlled, the calcium oxide crystal lattice is denser, the hydration reaction is slower, the influence of the short-time air contact environment on the performance of the breaker is extremely small or even negligible, and the preservation time of the breaker can be further prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a novel static crushing agent and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of engineering blasting static crushing.
Background
In recent years, the economic development of China is rapid, the scale expansion of towns and the increase of industrial areas are accelerated, so that various buildings and structures are continuously updated, and various old buildings and large-volume old concrete structures which do not meet the use requirements in a new period are very necessary to be removed, so that the removal engineering quantity is increased sharply; with the continuous promotion of urban construction, the demand for urban land is greatly increased, the urban land use condition can be effectively improved through reasonable development and utilization, and the urban land shortage and traffic congestion can be relieved; meanwhile, the resource consumption in the urban process of China is continuously increased, coal is one of important energy sources in China, along with the long-term exploitation of coal mine, coal resources are increasingly scarce in environments such as shallow floors and the like which are easy to exploit, so that the development of the resources also tends to be deep in complicated geological conditions, and in complicated geological environments, the exploitation of the resources often encounters a plurality of difficulties, such as: for other engineering disasters such as gas explosion caused by explosion exploitation, and the like, the roof caving difficulty of the high-strength and high-hardness roof strata is high; the static breaker in the current market has limited multi-expansion pressure, unstable quality and poor adaptability to the environment, so that the static breaking construction has large drilling engineering quantity and large investment in the early stage, and the orderly execution of construction operation is often influenced by the quality problems of spray holes and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a novel static crushing agent which has the performances of high expansion pressure, strong environmental adaptability and the like, and can obviously improve the expansion pressure of the conventional static crushing agent, namely improve the crushing capacity of a target crushing body.
The static crushing agent is prepared from the following raw materials: the raw materials and the mass percentages thereof are as follows: 71 to 75 percent of calcium oxide, 9 to 11 percent of P.O42.5 cement, 3 to 5 percent of calcium sulfate (gypsum), 4 to 6 percent of modified Gao Naji bentonite, 1 percent of polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducer and 4 to 12 percent of fly ash; the static breaker raw material calcium oxide has wide sources, the prepared static breaker has large expansion pressure, strong adaptability to environment, high safety quality and difficult occurrence of spray hole accidents in the use process.
The person skilled in the art can set up other components in the formulation and parameters in the process according to common general knowledge, which can all achieve effects comparable to those described above for the present invention; however, there are also more preferable technical solutions concerning other external environmental conditions, for which the present invention has been further studied and the following preferable solutions have been obtained.
Preferably, the calcium oxide is prepared by calcining calcium carbonate in a high-temperature vacuum environment at 1500 ℃, the heating and cooling rate is 5 ℃/min, and the high-temperature constant temperature at 1500 ℃ is maintained for 10 hours.
The preparation process of the calcium oxide specifically comprises the following steps: placing calcium carbonate into a graphite crucible, integrally placing into a high-temperature electric furnace heating tank, heating in a vacuum environment, and designing a heating program of an electric furnace operation screen: the first stage is 0-300 ℃, the heating time is 60min, the heating power is 50%, the second stage is 300-800 ℃, the heating time is 100min, the heating power is 70%, the third stage is 800-1500 ℃, the heating time is 140min, the heating power is 100%, the fourth stage is 1500 ℃, the heating time is 10h, the heating power is 100%, and a cooling program is designed in the same way.
The calcium oxide is subjected to high-temperature calcination and crushing, and then is sieved through a 304 stainless steel +80 mesh round hole screen.
Preferably, the modified Gao Naji bentonite adopts sodium carbonate as an original agent of the modified sodium bentonite, the dosage is 5 percent, the mass percentage concentration is 15 percent, and the bentonite is stirred for 15 minutes to carry out sodium modification on the bentonite, and the montmorillonite layer domain Ca 2+ Is covered by Na 2+ The physical and chemical properties of the bentonite after substitution and sodium modification are improved.
The gypsum of the novel static breaker is analytically pure gypsum.
The novel static breaker water reducer adopts the polycarboxylic acid high-performance water reducer, the water reducing rate of the water reducer is 25% -28%, the compatibility with cement is good, the workability requirement is met, and the fluidity of the breaker can be effectively improved.
Another object of the invention is to provide a method for preparing the novel static breaker: sequentially placing cement, fly ash, gypsum, water reducer, modified Gao Naji bentonite and calcium oxide in a mixer for mixing, designing the mixing time to be 5min, fully mixing the crushing agents, pouring the crushing agents into a sealing bag for sealing and storing, wherein the mixing water is 0.01mol/L sodium chloride solution.
The calcium oxide is fed strictly according to the feeding sequence, and finally the calcium oxide is added, so that the situation that the calcium oxide is exposed to the air for a long time in the weighing process during preparation and the purity of the calcium oxide is reduced due to hydration reaction between water and water, and the performance of the crushing agent is further influenced can be effectively avoided.
The sodium chloride solution is used to change the interlayer structure of the bentonite, so that the total amount of sodium salt is increased, the colloid valence and expansion capacity of the bentonite are improved, the cation is increased, and the larger the cation exchange capacity CEC is, the stronger the hydration, expansion and dispersion capacities are.
The static crushing agent has the water-cement ratio of 0.28, the ambient temperature of not more than 40 ℃ and the mixing solution temperature of not more than 35 ℃ in the using process.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The raw material calcium carbonate of the calcined calcium oxide clinker is wide in source and low in cost, and the prepared novel static crushing agent has high expansion pressure, stable quality and difficult occurrence of spray holes, so that a series of safety accidents caused by the spray holes, dummies and the like are reduced, and the construction process is influenced; the physical and chemical properties of the modified bentonite are improved.
(2) The mixing water of the crushing agent is 0.01mol/L monovalent sodium chloride solution, the interlayer structure of bentonite is changed, the total amount of sodium salt is increased, the colloid valence and expansion capacity of bentonite are improved, cations are increased, and the larger the cation exchange capacity CEC is, the stronger the hydration, expansion and dispersion capacities are.
(3) Compared with other crushing agents in the market, the expansion pressure of the crushing agent is improved, the construction drilling holes are reduced, the row spacing between the drilling holes is increased, the investment of the construction cost in the earlier stage is reduced, and the economic benefit is greatly improved.
(4) The calcination temperature of the novel static breaker main material calcium oxide is high, the constant temperature time is long, the more compact the microscopic crystal grains of the calcium oxide shrink, the slower the hydration reaction; the hydration reaction rate of the static breaker can be better controlled in the use process, the breaking operation is further controlled, the calcium oxide crystal lattice is denser, the hydration reaction is slower, the influence of the short-time air contact environment on the performance of the breaker is extremely small or even negligible, and the preservation time of the breaker can be further prolonged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph of time versus temperature for various water cement ratios;
FIG. 2 is a graph of expansion pressure versus time for various water-cement ratios;
FIG. 3 is a graph of time versus temperature for different ambient temperatures;
FIG. 4 is a graph of expansion pressure versus time for various ambient temperatures;
FIG. 5 is a graph of temperature versus time for various mixing solutions;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the temperature expansion pressure versus time for various mixing solutions.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following specific examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the above.
The novel static crushing agent in the embodiment of the invention adopts a national standard external tube method to test the expansion pressure of the novel static crushing agent according to JC.506.2008 'silent crushing agent', the expansion pressure is calculated according to the formula (1), the expansion pressure of a sample is measured by recording the reaction for 24 hours at the environment temperature of 20 ℃, the mass of the sample is 500g, the water-cement ratio is 0.3, and the mixing water temperature is 25 ℃.
P＝E S ·(K 2 -1)·[ε θ /(2-v)] (1)
The test sample is a self-made novel static breaker, the sample amount is 500g, the mixing ratio is the optimal formula, the environment temperature is about 20 ℃, and the mixing water temperature is 25 ℃; the effect of the reaction rate and expansion pressure was analyzed using a water cement ratio of 0.24, 0.28, 0.32, 0.36, respectively.
The test sample is a self-made novel static breaker, the sample amount is 500g, the mixing ratio is the optimal formula, the ambient temperature is about 20 ℃, and the water-cement ratio is 0.28; the effect of the temperature of the mixed solution at 15℃and 25℃and 35℃on the reaction rate and the expansion pressure were analyzed, respectively.
The test sample is a self-made novel static breaker, the sample amount is 500g, the mixing ratio is the optimal ratio, the mixing water temperature is 25 ℃, and the water-cement ratio is 0.28; the test was performed at an ambient temperature of 20℃and 30℃and 40℃and the effect of ambient temperature on the hydration reaction rate and the swelling pressure was analyzed.
Example 1
This example provides a novel static breaker, the materials and mass percentages of which are shown in table 1, for a total of 9 samples.
Table 1 mass percent of each sample in example 1
The specific techniques or conditions are not identified in the examples and are described in the literature in this field or are carried out in accordance with the product specifications; the reagents or equipment used were conventional products available for purchase by regular vendors without the manufacturer's attention.
The preparation process of the novel static crushing agent in the embodiment is as follows:
(1) Placing calcium carbonate into a graphite crucible, integrally placing into a high-temperature electric furnace heating tank, heating in a vacuum environment, and designing a heating program of an electric furnace operation screen: the first stage is 0-300 deg.C, heating time is 60min, heating power is 50%, the second stage isThe temperature-reducing program is designed in a similar way, wherein the temperature is 300-800 ℃ in two stages, the heating time is 100min, the heating power is 70% in the third stage, the heating time is 140min, the heating power is 100% in the third stage, the heating time is 10h in the fourth stage, the heating power is 100% in the fourth stage, and the temperature-reducing program is designed in the same way; the density of the crushed powdery clinker is 1.57g/cm 3 。
(2) And displaying 'END' on a display screen of the high-temperature electric furnace, wherein the display screen indicates that the work of the high-temperature electric furnace is finished, and the calcination of the calcium oxide is finished.
(3) Taking out the calcium oxide clinker, and carefully brushing graphite powder adhered to the surface of the calcium oxide clinker due to calcination by using a fine brush.
(4) Placing the cleaned calcium oxide clinker blocks into a dry clean ball mill, sealing the cover of the ball mill, starting the ball mill to crush the clinker into powder, sieving, and sealing and storing the calcium oxide powder clinker.
(5) And cleaning the ball mill.
(6) Taking components required by the preparation of the crushing agent, sieving, removing the blocks and the large-volume individuals contained in the components, and weighing the components according to the optimal ratio of mass ratio.
(7) Preparing a crushing agent, sequentially placing cement, fly ash, gypsum, a water reducing agent, modified Gao Naji bentonite and calcium oxide in a mixer for mixing, designing the mixing time to be 5min, pouring the crushing agent into a sealing bag for sealing and storing after the crushing agent is fully mixed; the sealed bag should be inspected for good sealability and not used for poor sealability.
(8) Cleaning the mixer.
(9) The prepared novel static breaker agent is uniformly stored in a dry environment far away from a wet ground and a wall surface.
By adopting the processing sequence, the calcium oxide and the crushing agent remained on the blades of the ball mill and the mixer during preparation are removed in time, and sundries are cleaned again before secondary use, so that the purity of the static crushing agent prepared for the second time can be effectively prevented from being reduced due to the fact that the sundries remain for the last time.
The test environments of the steps (3) to (4) should be as dry as possible, the operation is rapid, and the long-time exposure of the calcium oxide clinker in the air environment is avoided.
In this example, the "outer tube method" was used to test the expansion pressure of the static breaker formulated with the formulation for 24 hours, and the test results are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2
Calcium oxide is taken as a main expansion source of the static breaker and reacts with water in a hydration exothermic reaction, so that the temperature change of the released heat can reflect the reaction rate of the static breaker; the high calcining temperature can generate high energy consumption, and lead to dead burning of calcium oxide, and the lower the activity of the calcium oxide is, the slower the hydration rate is, even the situation that the calcium oxide does not react when meeting water is caused; the calcination temperature is too low, the hydration reaction speed is too high, and the phenomenon of 'spray holes' is easily caused, so that the expansion performance and the crushing effect of the crushing agent cannot be effectively represented; and the expansion pressure released by the crushing agent with too low addition is extremely small, the engineering utilization value is low, and the ratio of other auxiliary components is reduced due to too high addition, so that the expansion pressure release of the static crushing agent is not facilitated.
Silicate cement is used as a gelatinizing agent for preparing a static breaker, and a proper amount of the gelatinizing agent is added to effectively enhance the cementing degree between reactants, reasonably adjust the expansion development time of the novel expansion agent, ensure that the hardening speed is consistent with the expansion pressurization speed, increase the volume expansion rate and the self strength, and enhance the breaking performance of the breaker.
The gypsum is used as a retarder for preparing the static breaker, and a proper amount of the retarder is added to be adsorbed on the surface of CaO through functional groups, so that the initial hydration reaction speed is retarded, and after the surface of the breaker is hard, the hydration reaction is continued.
The common static breaker has the defects of overlong breaking time, insufficient expansion force, difficult control and the like, and can greatly improve the defects after adding a proper amount of high-sodium bentonite; bentonite is used as a reinforcing agent for preparing a static breaker, and the volume of the bentonite is 10-20 times after water absorption, so that the bentonite has good plasticity and cohesiveness.
For comparison, the composition and preparation process were the same as sample 4, except that Gao Naji bentonite was replaced with ordinary bentonite, and the expansion pressure was changed to 75MPa; the Gao Naji bentonite has better property than calcareous and stronger cation exchange capacity, and the expansion performance of the crushing agent can be well enhanced by proper addition.
Example 2
The present example provides a novel static breaker, the static breaker ratio is the same as the best ratio (sample No. 4) of example 1, the test sample amount is 500g, the mixing water temperature is 25 ℃, the air temperature is about 20 ℃, and the water-cement ratio is respectively 0.24, 0.28, 0.32 and 0.36.
The embodiment simultaneously provides the optimal water ratio of the novel static breaker, which specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) 500g of the novel static breaker is weighed, and the debugging working temperature of the constant-temperature water tank is 20 ℃.
(2) Taking 0.01mol/L sodium chloride solution in a monovalent state, regulating the temperature of the mixed solution to 25 ℃, and weighing 120g of the mixed solution.
(3) Placing the test steel pipe in a constant-temperature water tank, zeroing the strain gauge, sequentially pouring a part of static breaker and water into a stirrer, stirring fully until the slurry is obtained, and clicking the strain gauge to start testing data while completely injecting the breaker slurry into the test steel pipe.
(4) And (3) mixing the second part of crushing agent with water, pouring all the mixture into a temperature-measuring iron box, simultaneously inserting a thermometer probe, and recording the time-dependent change of temperature.
(5) The expansion pressure test time is 24 hours, the hydration rate test time is about 130 minutes, and after the test process is finished, the data recording is stopped, and the data is derived.
(6) And respectively calculating the hydration rate and the expansion pressure when the water ratio is 0.24, and drawing a temperature-time relation curve and an expansion pressure-time relation curve at the moment.
(7) The expansion pressure is regulated to be 0.28, 0.32 and 0.36 by the same method, and the operation steps are the same.
TABLE 3 influence of different water-cement ratios on hydration reactions
| Water to ash ratio | Time to reach maximum temperature (min) | Highest temperature of reaction (. Degree. C.) |
| 0.24 | 60 | 106.2 |
| 0.28 | 75 | 115.5 |
| 0.32 | 84 | 109.1 |
| 0.36 | 97 | 104.7 |
As can be seen from table 3, as the water-to-ash ratio increases, the time for the breaker hydration reaction to reach the peak temperature is delayed, but the peak temperature is increased and then decreased; the larger the water-cement ratio is, the part of heat is used for evaporating redundant water during the hydration reaction of the crushing agent, and the evaporation of the water vapor takes away part of heat, so that the temperature ratio for promoting the hydration reaction of the crushing agent is reduced.
Example 3
The sample amount is 500g, the mixing ratio is the same as the optimal mixing ratio in the example 1, the water-cement ratio is 0.28, and the temperature of the mixing solution is 25 ℃; the ambient temperature was 20 ℃, 30 ℃ and 40 ℃ respectively.
TABLE 4 influence of different ambient temperatures on hydration reactions
| Ambient temperature (. Degree. C.) | Time to reach maximum temperature (min) | Highest temperature of reaction (. Degree. C.) |
| 20 | 85 | 106 |
| 30 | 75 | 115.5 |
| 40 | 61 | 126.3 |
The embodiment simultaneously provides the novel static crushing agent with better environmental temperature, which comprises the following steps:
(1) 500g of the novel static breaker is weighed, and the debugging working temperature of the constant-temperature water tank is 20 ℃.
(2) Taking a monovalent state 0.01mol/L sodium chloride solution, regulating the temperature of the solution to 25 ℃, and weighing 140g of the solution.
(3) Placing the test steel pipe in a constant-temperature water tank, zeroing the strain gauge, sequentially pouring a part of static breaker and water into a stirrer, stirring fully until the slurry is obtained, and clicking the strain gauge to start testing data while completely injecting the breaker slurry into the test steel pipe.
(4) And (3) mixing the second part of crushing agent with water, pouring all the mixture into a temperature-measuring iron box, simultaneously inserting a thermometer probe, and recording the time-dependent change of temperature.
(5) The expansion pressure test time is 24 hours, the hydration rate test time is about 130 minutes, and after the test process is finished, the data recording is stopped, and the data is derived.
(6) Calculating the expansion pressure and the hydration reaction rate when the ambient temperature is 20 ℃, and drawing a temperature-time relation curve at the moment.
(7) The expansion pressure is regulated at 30 ℃ and 40 ℃ in the same way, and the operation steps are the same.
As can be seen from table 4, as the ambient temperature increases, the time taken for the hydration reaction of the breaker to reach the peak temperature decreases, but the peak temperature increases continuously, mainly because the increase in ambient temperature increases the heat energy for the hydration reaction of the static breaker, and according to the thermal effect analysis, the higher the ambient temperature, the more obvious the hydration reaction promoting effect of the breaker.
Example 4
The sample is a self-made novel static breaker, the sample amount is 500g, the mixing ratio used is the optimal ratio in the example 1, the water cement ratio is 0.28 in the example 2, and the environmental temperature is 20 ℃ in the example 3; mixing the solution at 15℃and 25℃and 35 ℃.
TABLE 5 influence of different mixing Water temperatures on hydration reactions
| Temperature of mixing solution (. Degree. C.) | Time to reach maximum temperature (min) | Highest temperature of reaction (. Degree. C.) |
| 15 | 95 | 117.40 |
| 25 | 75 | 122.20 |
| 35 | 59 | 138.00 |
The embodiment also provides the temperature of the mixed solution of the novel static breaker, which comprises the following steps:
(1) 500g of the novel static breaker is weighed, and the debugging working temperature of the constant-temperature water tank is 20 ℃.
(2) Taking a monovalent state 0.01mol/L sodium chloride solution, regulating the temperature of the solution to 15 ℃, and weighing 140g of the solution.
(3) Placing the test steel pipe in a constant temperature water tank, zeroing the strain gauge, sequentially pouring a part of static breaker and a stirring solution into a stirrer, stirring fully until the slurry is obtained, and clicking the strain gauge to start testing data while completely injecting the breaker slurry into the test steel pipe.
(4) And (3) mixing the second part of crushing agent with the mixed solution, pouring all the mixture into a temperature measuring iron box, simultaneously inserting a thermometer probe, and recording the time-dependent change of the temperature.
(5) The expansion pressure test time is 24 hours, the hydration rate test time is about 130 minutes, and after the test process is finished, the data recording is stopped, and the data is derived.
(6) Calculating hydration reaction rate and expansion pressure when the temperature of the mixed solution is 15 ℃, and drawing a temperature-time relation curve and an expansion pressure-time relation curve at the moment.
(7) The temperature of the mixed solution is regulated to 25 ℃ and the expansion pressure is regulated at 35 ℃ in the same way, and the operation steps are the same.
As can be seen from Table 5, as the temperature of the mixed solution increases, the time taken for the hydration reaction of the breaker to reach the peak temperature decreases, but the peak temperature increases continuously, mainly because the increase in the temperature of the mixed solution increases the heat energy for the hydration reaction of the static breaker, and according to the thermal effect analysis, the higher the temperature of the mixed solution is, the more remarkable the hydration reaction promoting effect of the breaker is.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example provides a formula of a novel static crushing agent, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 73% of calcium oxide, 10% of P.O42.5 cement, 5% of calcium sulfate (gypsum), 6% of modified Gao Naji bentonite, 1% of polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducer and 5% of fly ash (filler).
Comparative examples 1 and 2 the formulation of such novel static breaker was according to example 1, when the ambient temperature was 20 ℃, the temperature of the mixed solution was 25 ℃, the relationship of the swelling pressure of the breaker was tested by the DH-3818Y strain gauge, the time-dependent change of the swelling pressure of the breaker was tested by the external tube method, the hydration reaction rate of the breaker was represented by the time-dependent change of the temperature when the probe thermometer was used for testing the hydration reaction of the breaker, and the concrete relationship of the hydration reaction rate and the swelling pressure of the novel static breaker by different water-cement ratios (0.24, 0.28, 0.32, 0.36) was shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2.
As can be seen from fig. 1 and 2, as the water-cement ratio increases, the hydration reaction peak temperature of the static breaker and the expansion pressure of the static breaker are increased and then decreased; the expansion pressure of the novel static breaker is stronger when the water-cement ratio is about 0.28.
Comparative examples 1, 2 and 3, the formulation of the novel static breaker is according to example 1, the water cement ratio is according to example 2, when the ambient temperature is 20 ℃ and the temperature of a mixed solution is 25 ℃, DH-3818Y strain gauges are adopted, the relationship of expansion pressure of the breaker with time is tested by an outer tube method, the hydration reaction rate of the breaker is represented by the time change of the temperature when the probe thermometer is used for testing the hydration reaction of the breaker, and the concrete relationship of the hydration reaction rate and the expansion pressure with time at different ambient temperatures (20 ℃, 30 ℃ and 40 ℃) of the novel static breaker is tested and is shown in figures 3 and 4.
As can be seen from fig. 3 and 4, the peak temperature of the hydration reaction of the static breaker is always increased along with the increase of the ambient temperature, but when the ambient temperature is 40 ℃, the breaker generates spray holes, mainly because the excessive ambient temperature accelerates the hydration temperature rise, the energy accumulation in the blast holes is not effectively released to trigger the spray holes, and the applicable maximum ambient temperature of the novel static breaker is considered to be not higher than 40 ℃.
Comparative examples 1, 2, 3 and 4, the formulation of the novel static crushing agent is according to example 1, the water cement ratio is according to example 2, the environment temperature is according to example 3, the environment temperature is 20 ℃ and the temperature of a mixing solution is 25 ℃, DH-3818Y strain gauges are adopted, the relationship of the expansion pressure of the crushing agent with time is tested by an outer tube method, the hydration reaction rate of the crushing agent is expressed by the time change of the temperature of the crushing agent when the probe thermometer is used for testing the hydration reaction of the crushing agent, and the relationship of the hydration reaction rate and the expansion pressure with time change of the novel static crushing agent under different temperature of the mixing solution (15 ℃, 25 ℃ and 35 ℃) are shown in specific relation of figures 5 and 6.
As can be seen from FIGS. 5 and 6, the peak temperature of the hydration reaction of the static breaker is always increased along with the increase of the temperature of the mixed solution, and the earlier stage of expansion pressure of the breaker is increased more greatly, but the breaker is provided with spray holes after the hydration reaction is carried out for a period of time when the temperature of the mixed solution is 35 ℃, mainly because the excessive temperature of the mixed solution accelerates the hydration temperature rise, the energy in the spray holes is accumulated, and the energy is not effectively released to trigger the spray holes, so that the applicable highest environmental temperature of the novel static breaker is considered not to be higher than 40 ℃.
While the invention has been described in detail in the foregoing general description and with reference to specific embodiments thereof, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications and improvements can be made thereto. Accordingly, such modifications or improvements may be made without departing from the spirit of the invention and are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (6)
1. A novel static breaker, which is characterized in that: the static crushing agent is prepared from the following raw materials: the raw materials and the mass percentages thereof are as follows: 71 to 75 percent of calcium oxide, 9 to 11 percent of P.O42.5 cement, 3 to 5 percent of calcium sulfate, 4 to 6 percent of modified Gao Naji bentonite, 1 percent of polycarboxylic acid high-efficiency water reducer and 4 to 12 percent of fly ash.
2. The novel static breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that: the calcium oxide is prepared by calcining calcium carbonate in a high-temperature vacuum environment at 1500 ℃.
3. The novel static breaker according to claim 2, characterized in that: the preparation process of the calcium oxide specifically comprises the following steps: placing calcium carbonate into a graphite crucible, integrally placing into a high-temperature electric furnace heating tank, heating in a vacuum environment, and designing a heating program of an electric furnace operation screen: the first stage is 0-300 ℃, the heating time is 60min, the heating power is 50%, the second stage is 300-800 ℃, the heating time is 100min, the heating power is 70%, the third stage is 800-1500 ℃, the heating time is 140min, the heating power is 100%, the fourth stage is 1500 ℃, the heating time is 10h, the heating power is 100%, and a cooling program is designed in the same way.
4. The novel static breaker according to claim 1, characterized in that: the modified Gao Naji bentonite takes sodium carbonate as an original agent of the modified sodium bentonite, the dosage is 5 percent, the mass percentage concentration is 15 percent, the bentonite is stirred for 15 minutes, the sodium modification is carried out on the bentonite, and the montmorillonite layer domain Ca 2+ Is covered by Na 2+ And (3) substitution.
5. The method for preparing the novel static crushing agent according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized in that: sequentially placing cement, fly ash, gypsum, water reducer, modified Gao Naji bentonite and calcium oxide in a mixer for mixing, designing the mixing time to be 5min, fully mixing the crushing agents, pouring the crushing agents into a sealing bag for sealing and storing, wherein the mixing water is 0.01mol/L sodium chloride solution.
6. The method for using the novel static crushing agent according to any one of claims 1 to 4, which is characterized in that: during the use process: the maximum water-cement ratio is 0.28, the ambient temperature is not more than 40 ℃, and the temperature of the mixed solution is not more than 35 ℃.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105293511A (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-02-03 | 浙江丰虹新材料股份有限公司 | Easy-to-disperse sodium bentonite and preparation method thereof |
| CN110980755A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-10 | 湖北三鼎科技有限公司 | Preparation method of high-expansion-times sodium bentonite |
| CN114436614A (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2022-05-06 | 武汉三源特种建材有限责任公司 | Static crushing agent, preparation method thereof and crushing method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105293511A (en) * | 2015-11-30 | 2016-02-03 | 浙江丰虹新材料股份有限公司 | Easy-to-disperse sodium bentonite and preparation method thereof |
| CN110980755A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-10 | 湖北三鼎科技有限公司 | Preparation method of high-expansion-times sodium bentonite |
| CN114436614A (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2022-05-06 | 武汉三源特种建材有限责任公司 | Static crushing agent, preparation method thereof and crushing method |
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