CN116199143A - Single-cylinder bolt telescopic system and control method - Google Patents
Single-cylinder bolt telescopic system and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN116199143A CN116199143A CN202310105183.2A CN202310105183A CN116199143A CN 116199143 A CN116199143 A CN 116199143A CN 202310105183 A CN202310105183 A CN 202310105183A CN 116199143 A CN116199143 A CN 116199143A
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- arm pin
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
- B66C—CRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
- B66C23/00—Cranes comprising essentially a beam, boom, or triangular structure acting as a cantilever and mounted for translatory of swinging movements in vertical or horizontal planes or a combination of such movements, e.g. jib-cranes, derricks, tower cranes
- B66C23/62—Constructional features or details
- B66C23/64—Jibs
- B66C23/70—Jibs constructed of sections adapted to be assembled to form jibs or various lengths
- B66C23/701—Jibs constructed of sections adapted to be assembled to form jibs or various lengths telescopic
- B66C23/708—Jibs constructed of sections adapted to be assembled to form jibs or various lengths telescopic locking devices for telescopic jibs
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B1/00—Installations or systems with accumulators; Supply reservoir or sump assemblies
- F15B1/02—Installations or systems with accumulators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
- F15B13/02—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
- F15B15/08—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit
- F15B15/14—Characterised by the construction of the motor unit of the straight-cylinder type
- F15B15/1423—Component parts; Constructional details
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B15/00—Fluid-actuated devices for displacing a member from one position to another; Gearing associated therewith
- F15B15/20—Other details, e.g. assembly with regulating devices
- F15B15/202—Externally-operated valves mounted in or on the actuator
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fluid-Pressure Circuits (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a single-cylinder bolt telescopic system and a control method, wherein the system comprises a telescopic oil cylinder; the drive end includes: the first accumulator is connected to the P port of the cylinder arm pin switching valve and the first oil port of the sequence valve through a first connecting oil way; the port A of the cylinder arm pin switching valve is connected to the second port of the sequence valve; the first control end of the sequence valve is connected to the third accumulator; the second control end of the sequence valve is connected to an oil circuit between the second oil port and the opening A of the cylinder arm pin switching valve; the third oil port of the sequence valve is connected to the rodless cavity of the arm pin oil cylinder; the first accumulator is connected to a T port of the cylinder arm pin switching valve through a second connecting oil way; the port B of the cylinder arm pin switching valve is connected to a rodless cavity of the cylinder pin oil cylinder; the rodless cavity of the liquid storage oil cylinder is connected with the second energy accumulator and the rod cavity of the telescopic oil cylinder. The hydraulic oil way driving the cylinder arm pin mechanism to act is mutually independent of the action of the telescopic oil cylinder, and meanwhile, a movable core tube in the telescopic oil cylinder is eliminated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of heavy machinery, in particular to a single-cylinder bolt telescopic system and a control method.
Background
At present, in the field of engineering machinery, a single-cylinder bolt telescopic system is basically formed by adopting an independent oil supply system to supply oil to a cylinder head body through a movable core tube arranged in a telescopic cylinder, pulling out a cylinder pin and an arm pin by using a cylinder head body built-in cylinder, resetting a spring, and opening a balance valve by using the small cavity pressure of the telescopic cylinder to realize retraction of the telescopic cylinder.
The cylinder head is positioned at a certain position of the cylinder barrel of the telescopic cylinder and is used for controlling the device for realizing connection and separation between the telescopic cylinder and the extension arm and between the extension arm and the extension arm, and mainly comprises a dovetail groove, a cylinder pin, a driving cylinder and the like. The arm pin is used for the arm-to-arm connection. The arm pin hole is a hole on the suspension arm and is used for connecting an arm pin of a certain section of arm. The cylinder pin is used for connecting the telescopic cylinder with the tail parts of the arms of the sections except the basic arm.
The automatic telescopic system of the single-cylinder plug-in type crane realizes the telescopic function of the suspension arm through the combined actions of the telescopic oil cylinder, the arm pin and the cylinder pin, and the specific implementation mode is as follows: when the arm pin is inserted, the arm pin is inserted into the arm pin hole by virtue of the reset spring, and two adjacent sections of suspension arms are locked together; when the cylinder pin is pulled out, the cylinder pin is separated from the cylinder pin hole on the suspension arm, and the telescopic cylinder is separated from the suspension arm, so that the telescopic cylinder can realize telescopic cylinder; when the cylinder pin is inserted, the cylinder pin is inserted into a cylinder pin hole on the suspension arm, and the telescopic cylinder and the suspension arm are locked together, so that the telescopic arm can be realized.
The boom stretching process comprises the following steps:
finding the arm position forwards: pulling out the cylinder pin, finding the arm position and inserting the cylinder pin, pulling out the arm pin, extending the oil cylinder with the arm, and inserting the arm pin (reducing the speed in advance and releasing the arm pin)
Rearward arm position finding, namely, pulling out a cylinder pin, retracting the cylinder to find the arm position, finding an arm position for inserting the cylinder pin, pulling out the arm pin, carrying an arm on an oil cylinder to extend, and inserting the arm pin (reducing the speed in advance and releasing the arm pin)
The suspension arm shrinking process comprises the following steps:
retracting the current arm: cylinder pulling pin, arm position finding, cylinder inserting pin, arm pulling pin, arm retracting, arm inserting pin retracting current arm: arm pulling pin, arm retracting, arm inserting pin
As shown in fig. 1, a hydraulic schematic diagram of a single cylinder bolt type telescopic system of a crane in the related art is shown. The extension and retraction actions of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 14 are controlled by the first variable hydraulic pump 11 matched with the three-position four-way reversing valve 12. Namely, the high-pressure oil liquid output by the first variable hydraulic pump 11 is input into a rod cavity or a rodless cavity of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 14 through the control of the three-position four-way electric proportional reversing valve 12 and the first balance valve 13, so as to control the retraction and the extension of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder. When the hydraulic control system works, the displacement of the pump is controlled by adjusting the magnitude of the current output by the controller to the first variable hydraulic pump 11, and then the movement speed of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 14 is controlled. The direction of oil is changed through reversing of the three-position four-way electromagnetic valve 12, so that the extending and retracting actions of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 14 are switched. The action of pulling the cylinder pin and pulling the arm pin is completed by another hydraulic system, and the oil liquid output by the second quantitative hydraulic pump 112 enters the first cylinder pin oil cylinder 17 or the first arm pin oil cylinder 18 through the two-position four-way electromagnetic directional valve 113, the core tube 15 in the telescopic hydraulic oil cylinder 14 and the first cylinder arm pin switching valve 16 to complete the action of pulling the cylinder pin and pulling the arm pin. That is, the oil is output to the first cylinder pin oil cylinder 17 or the first arm pin oil cylinder 18, and the two hydraulic cylinders push the cylinder pin pulling mechanism 110 or the arm pin pulling mechanism 11 against the resistance of the first return spring 19, so as to realize cylinder pin pulling and arm pin pulling. The first cylinder arm pin switching valve 16 controls switching between the two operations of the cylinder pulling pin and the arm pulling pin. The second hydraulic pump 112 has an outlet accumulator 115 for reducing pressure shock during the cylinder pin and arm pin pulling. A first relief valve 114 and a second relief valve 116 are provided between the second hydraulic pump 112 and the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 14.
The above-described scheme in the related art has at least the following drawbacks: (1) The single-cylinder bolt telescopic system adopts an industry general technical route, and has large power loss and high fuel consumption. That is, the cylinder arm pin mechanism needs a separate oil supply system and is driven by a movable core tube in the telescopic oil cylinder; when the oil cylinder stretches, the flow of the movable core pipe is ensured, meanwhile, the pressure of the system is ensured, and the energy loss is brought by the continuous high pressure of the system. (2) The telescopic oil cylinder is provided with the movable core pipe, the structure is complex, the machining precision requirement is high, the price of the telescopic oil cylinder is high, and the light weight is difficult to further promote. Because of poor compactness of the telescopic cylinder, the single-cylinder bolt telescopic system is difficult to popularize and apply in small tonnage products; the small tonnage is limited by the width of the arm tail, the cylinder head body cannot be expanded, and the piston rod cannot be expanded, so that the movable core tube is difficult to arrange.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a single-cylinder bolt telescopic system and a single-cylinder bolt telescopic method, which aim to solve the technical problems. The technical scheme adopted is as follows:
a single cylinder latch telescoping system comprising:
a telescopic oil cylinder;
a driver end, comprising:
the first energy accumulator is used as an oil source of the cylinder pulling arm pin unit after the telescopic oil cylinder is filled with liquid; the cylinder pulling arm pin unit comprises a cylinder arm pin switching valve and a sequence valve;
the first accumulator is connected to a P port of the cylinder arm pin switching valve and a first oil port of the sequence valve through a first connecting oil way; the port A of the cylinder arm pin switching valve is connected to the second port of the sequence valve; the first control end of the sequence valve is connected to a third energy accumulator, and a third one-way valve is arranged between the third energy accumulator and the first oil port; the third one-way valve is communicated from the first oil port to the third energy accumulator; the second control end of the sequence valve is connected to an oil circuit between the second oil port and the opening A of the cylinder arm pin switching valve; the third oil port of the sequence valve is connected to the rodless cavity of the arm pin oil cylinder;
the first energy accumulator is connected to a T port of the cylinder arm pin switching valve through a second connecting oil way, and a fifth one-way valve is arranged on the second connecting oil way; the fifth one-way valve is communicated with the first energy accumulator from the T port of the cylinder arm pin switching valve; the port B of the cylinder arm pin switching valve is connected to a rodless cavity of the cylinder pin oil cylinder;
the rodless cavity of the liquid storage oil cylinder is connected with the second energy accumulator and the rod cavity of the telescopic oil cylinder; a first one-way valve is arranged on a third connecting oil path between the rodless cavity of the liquid storage oil cylinder and the rod cavity of the telescopic oil cylinder; the third connecting oil way is communicated with the second connecting oil way, and the communication point of the third connecting oil way is positioned between the second overflow valve and the fifth one-way valve; a fourth one-way valve is arranged between the third connecting oil way and the first connecting oil way; the first one-way valve is communicated from the communication point to the direction of the telescopic oil cylinder, and the fourth one-way valve is communicated from the telescopic oil cylinder to the direction of the third connecting oil path.
Preferably, the method further comprises: the two-position four-way valve is provided with a P port connected with a first connecting oil way, a T port connected with a second connecting oil way and a B port connected with a rodless cavity of the liquid storage oil cylinder; when electricity is obtained, the P port is communicated with the B port, and when electricity is lost, the P port is communicated with the A port.
Preferably, the hydraulic control system further comprises an oil supply end, wherein the oil supply end comprises an oil tank, a hydraulic control proportional reversing valve and a first overflow valve, a rod cavity of the telescopic oil cylinder is connected to the oil tank through the first overflow valve, and a rodless cavity of the telescopic oil cylinder is connected to the oil tank through a passage of the hydraulic control proportional reversing valve; the other passage of the hydraulic control proportional reversing valve is connected with the first overflow valve in parallel, control ends on two sides of the hydraulic control proportional reversing valve are respectively connected with an electric proportional pressure reducing valve, and the electric proportional pressure reducing valve is respectively connected with pilot oil and an oil tank.
Preferably, the oil supply end further comprises a balance valve, the rodless cavity of the telescopic oil cylinder is connected to the hydraulic control proportional reversing valve through the balance valve, and the control end of the balance valve is connected to the rod cavity of the telescopic oil cylinder.
Preferably, the arm pin cylinder and the cylinder pin cylinder are respectively connected with the arm pin mechanism and the cylinder pin mechanism, and the arm pin and the cylinder pin are pulled out through oil inlet and oil return of a rod cavity and a rodless cavity of the arm pin cylinder and the cylinder pin cylinder.
Preferably, when the hydraulically-controlled proportional reversing valve is in the first section, the proportional reversing valve core is communicated with the port P and the port B, and an oil way between the port A and the port T is cut off; when the hydraulic control proportional reversing valve is in the second interval, the proportional valve core is communicated with the port P and the port B, and the port A and the port T.
Preferably, a second overflow valve is further arranged on the second connecting oil path, and the second overflow valve is connected with a second one-way valve in parallel; the fifth one-way valve is arranged close to the cylinder arm pin switching valve; the flow direction of the second one-way valve is from the T port of the cylinder arm pin switching valve to the first energy accumulator.
A control method of a single cylinder bolt telescopic system, comprising:
normal arm pin removal operation:
the telescopic oil cylinder is controlled to execute the shrinkage action, and high-pressure oil liquid in a rod cavity of the telescopic oil cylinder is charged into the first energy accumulator through the fourth one-way valve and the first connecting oil way;
the cylinder arm pin switching valve Y1 is powered on, the P port and the A port of the cylinder arm pin switching valve are communicated, high-pressure oil liquid of the first energy accumulator passes through the cylinder arm pin switching valve and the sequence valve to reach a rodless cavity of the arm pin oil cylinder, and the arm pin oil cylinder is driven to act so as to realize arm pin pulling operation;
normal cylinder pin removal operation:
the telescopic oil cylinder is controlled to execute the shrinkage action, and high-pressure oil liquid in a rod cavity of the telescopic oil cylinder is charged into the first energy accumulator through the fourth one-way valve and the first connecting oil way;
the cylinder arm pin switching valve Y2 is powered on, the P port and the B port of the cylinder arm pin switching valve are communicated, high-pressure oil liquid of the first energy accumulator passes through the cylinder arm pin switching valve to reach a rodless cavity of the cylinder pin oil cylinder, and the cylinder pin oil cylinder is driven to act so as to realize the operation of pulling out the cylinder pin;
emergent arm pin pulling operation:
the overflow pressure of the first overflow valve is regulated so that the oil pressure of the first accumulator and the oil pressure of the third accumulator are both larger than the reversing set pressure of the sequence valve,
the telescopic oil cylinder is controlled to execute the retraction, high-pressure oil in a rod cavity of the telescopic oil cylinder is filled into the first energy accumulator, so that the oil pressure of the first energy accumulator and the oil pressure of the third energy accumulator are both greater than the reversing set pressure of the sequence valve;
the high-pressure oil in the first accumulator reaches the rodless cavity of the arm pin oil cylinder through the sequence valve, and the arm pin oil cylinder is driven to act to realize emergency arm pin pulling operation.
Preferably, the controlling the telescopic cylinder to execute the telescopic action includes: the hydraulic control proportional reversing valve is controlled by adjusting the magnitude of the input current of the electric proportional pressure reducing valve, and the telescopic oil cylinder is controlled to execute the contraction action by the action of the hydraulic control proportional reversing valve.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) When the cylinder arm pin is driven to act, oil is not supplied through the movable core tube in the telescopic oil cylinder, but an independent hydraulic pipeline is adopted; the hydraulic oil way for driving the arm pin mechanism to act is mutually independent of the action of the telescopic oil cylinder.
(2) The hydraulic control proportional reversing valve of the main system is designed by adopting an integrated idea, and the principles of the hydraulic control proportional reversing valve are different in different telescopic sub-states (such as accumulator filling, back-off, cylinder arm pin plugging, acceleration and deceleration, maximum speed and the like).
(3) The system cancels a movable core tube in the telescopic oil cylinder, simplifies the structure of the telescopic oil cylinder, reduces the processing difficulty and weight and reduces the system cost; the system maintenance difficulty and cost are reduced, the oil cylinder processing difficulty and weight are reduced, and meanwhile, the difficulty of limiting the inner diameter of a piston rod of the telescopic oil cylinder by a movable core tube is overcome, so that the single-cylinder bolt system can be popularized to small-tonnage and medium-tonnage products.
(4) And a separate cylinder arm pin oil supply system is canceled, and a high-pressure accumulator is adopted to pull out the cylinder arm pin.
(5) The liquid storage oil cylinder or/and the low-pressure accumulator can be used for rapidly absorbing oil released by the high-pressure cavity of the cylinder arm pin oil cylinder, so that the release responsiveness and reliability of the cylinder arm pin are improved.
(6) The independent energy accumulator is adopted to provide oil for reversing the sequence valve, so that the emergency arm pulling pin can be well maintained.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a hydraulic schematic diagram of a prior art telescoping system;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a single cylinder latch telescoping system of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the hydraulically controlled proportional reversing valve corresponding to different current intervals;
FIG. 4 is a first accumulator charge control flow chart;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the flow area of the valve port as the valve core is displaced.
Wherein, 11-a first variable displacement hydraulic pump; 12-three-position four-way reversing valve; 13-a first balancing valve; 14-a telescopic hydraulic cylinder; 15-core tube; 16-a first cylinder arm pin switching valve; 17-a first arm pin cylinder; 18-a first cylinder pin cylinder; 19-a first return spring; 110-a cylinder pin pulling mechanism; 111-arm pin pulling mechanism; 112-a second fixed-displacement hydraulic pump; 113-two-position four-way electromagnetic reversing valve; 114-overflow valve one; 115-an accumulator; 116-overflow valve II; 21-a first overflow valve; 22-variable hydraulic pump; 23-electric proportional pressure reducing valve; 24-a hydraulically controlled proportional reversing valve; 25-balancing valves; 26-a telescopic oil cylinder; 27-a first accumulator; 28-a first one-way valve; 29-a second overflow valve; 210-a second one-way valve; 211-a second accumulator; 212-a cylinder pin oil cylinder; 213-arm pin cylinder; 214-sequence valve; 215-a third accumulator; 216-a third one-way valve; 217-cylinder arm pin switching valve; 218-fourth one-way valve; 219-fifth one-way valve; 220-two-position four-way valve; 221-a liquid storage oil cylinder.
Description of the embodiments
The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the drawings, in which preferred embodiments of the invention are shown, it being understood that one skilled in the art can modify the invention described herein while still achieving the advantageous effects of the invention. Accordingly, the following description is to be construed as broadly known to those skilled in the art and not as limiting the invention.
As shown in fig. 2 to 5, a single cylinder plug pin telescopic system includes: the telescopic cylinder 26, a driving end and a power supply end.
The telescopic oil cylinder 26 is used for driving the telescopic arm of the crane to extend or retract, and a movable core tube is not arranged in the telescopic oil cylinder 26.
A driver end, comprising:
the first accumulator 27 is used as an oil source of the cylinder pulling arm pin unit after the telescopic oil cylinder 26 is filled with liquid; the cylinder arm pin pulling unit includes a cylinder arm pin switching valve 217 and a sequence valve 214.
The first accumulator 27 is connected to the P port of the cylinder arm pin switching valve 217 and the first port of the sequence valve 214 through a first connection oil passage; port a of the cylinder arm pin switching valve 217 is connected to the second port of the sequence valve 214; the first control end of the sequence valve 214 is connected to a third accumulator 215, and a third one-way valve 216 is arranged between the third accumulator 215 and the first oil port; the third check valve 216 is communicated from the first oil port to the third accumulator 215; a second control end of the sequence valve 214 is connected to an oil passage between the second oil port and the a port of the cylinder arm pin switching valve 217; the third port of the sequence valve 214 is connected to the rodless cavity of the arm pin cylinder 213.
The first accumulator 27 is connected to the T port of the cylinder arm pin switching valve 217 through a second connection oil passage, on which a fifth check valve 219 is provided; the fifth check valve 219 is connected to the first accumulator 27 through the T port of the arm pin switching valve 217; the port B of the cylinder arm pin switching valve 217 is connected to the rodless chamber of the cylinder pin cylinder 212. The second connecting oil way is also provided with a second overflow valve 29, and the second overflow valve 29 is connected with a second check valve 210 in parallel; the fifth check valve 219 is disposed adjacent to the cylinder arm pin switching valve 217; the flow direction of the second check valve 210 is from the T port of the arm pin switching valve 217 to the first accumulator 27.
From the prior art, it is known that: the arm pin cylinder 213 and the cylinder pin cylinder 212 are respectively connected with the arm pin mechanism and the cylinder pin mechanism, and the arm pin and the cylinder pin are pulled out through oil inlet and oil return of a rod cavity and a rodless cavity of the arm pin cylinder 213 and the cylinder pin cylinder 212.
A liquid storage cylinder 221 having a rod-free cavity connected to the second accumulator 211 and the rod-free cavity of the telescopic cylinder 26; a first one-way valve 28 is arranged on a third connecting oil path between the rodless cavity of the liquid storage oil cylinder 221 and the rod cavity of the telescopic oil cylinder 26; the third connecting oil passage communicates with the second connecting oil passage with a communication point between the second relief valve 29 and the fifth check valve 219; a fourth check valve 218 is disposed between the third connecting oil passage and the first connecting oil passage; the first check valve 28 is communicated from the communication point to the direction of the telescopic oil cylinder 26, and the fourth check valve 218 is communicated from the telescopic oil cylinder 26 to the direction of the third connecting oil path.
A two-position four-way valve 220, the P port of which is connected with a first connecting oil way, the T port of which is connected with a second connecting oil way, and the B port of which is connected with a rodless cavity of a liquid storage oil cylinder 221; when electricity is obtained, the P port is communicated with the B port, and when electricity is lost, the P port is communicated with the A port. In the process of extending the telescopic oil cylinder 26, the Y3 of the two-position four-way valve 220 is powered, high-pressure oil in the first accumulator 27 flows into the first connecting oil way, enters the B port of the two-position four-way valve 220 from the P port, enters the rod cavity of the liquid storage oil cylinder 221 from the B port, and the piston rod is retracted. When the pressure in the first accumulator 27 is higher than a certain value, the pressure overflows through the second overflow valve 29.
After a period of operation, along with the continuous discharge of the oil return into the rod cavity of the telescopic oil cylinder 26, the pressure in the rod cavity of the telescopic oil cylinder 26 is continuously increased, when the pressure is increased to a certain set value, the oil return in the second energy accumulator 211 or/and the liquid storage oil cylinder 221 cannot be continuously discharged to the telescopic oil cylinder 26, at the moment, the two-position four-way valve 220 is powered on, the port P is communicated with the port B, the oil return in the rod cavity of the liquid storage oil cylinder 221 is continuously increased, and the oil return in the rodless cavity can be discharged to the rod cavity of the telescopic oil cylinder 26.
The oil supply end comprises an oil tank, a variable hydraulic pump 22, a hydraulic control proportional reversing valve 24 and a first overflow valve 21, a rod cavity of a telescopic oil cylinder 26 is connected to the oil tank through the first overflow valve 21, and a rodless cavity of the telescopic oil cylinder 26 is connected to the oil tank through a passage of the hydraulic control proportional reversing valve 24; the other passage of the hydraulic control proportional reversing valve 24 is connected with the first overflow valve 21 in parallel, the control ends of the two sides of the hydraulic control proportional reversing valve 24 are respectively connected with the electric proportional pressure reducing valve 23, and the electric proportional pressure reducing valve 23 is respectively connected with the pilot oil and the oil tank. The oil supply end also comprises a balance valve 25, the rodless cavity of the telescopic oil cylinder 26 is connected to the hydraulic control proportional reversing valve 24 through the balance valve 25, and the control end of the balance valve 25 is connected to the rod cavity of the telescopic oil cylinder 26. Controlling the telescopic ram 26 to perform the telescopic action includes: the hydraulic control proportional reversing valve 24 is controlled by adjusting the magnitude of the input current of the electric proportional pressure reducing valve 23, and the telescopic oil cylinder 26 is controlled to execute the telescopic action by the action of the hydraulic control proportional reversing valve 24.
The hydraulic schematic of the single cylinder latch telescoping system is shown in fig. 2, with the extension and retraction of the telescoping cylinder 26 controlled by a hydraulically controlled proportional reversing valve 24. The two electric proportional reducing valves 23 respectively control the oil pressure controlled by the two ends of the valve rod of the hydraulic control proportional reversing valve 24. Thus, the valve rod motion of the pilot operated proportional directional valve 24 can be controlled by adjusting the magnitude of the input current to the pilot operated proportional directional valve 24, i.e., the pilot operated proportional directional valve rod displacement is related to the magnitude of the input pilot operated proportional directional valve current. Therefore, the requirements of different working conditions and sub-states of the telescopic system on the characteristics of the telescopic hydraulic system can be met by adjusting the current output by the controller to the pressure reducing valve of the electric proportional valve.
The hydraulic control proportional reversing valve 24 of the main system is designed by adopting an integrated idea, the boom is extended and contracted by adopting the same reversing valve rod, the displacement of the proportional reversing valve rod is approximately proportional to the input current of the electric proportional pressure reducing valve, and the flow area of the reversing valve rod is changed along with the displacement (current) of the valve core in a component mode instead of being changed linearly. As shown in fig. 3, the principle of the corresponding telescopic main system is different in different telescopic sub-states, and the typical telescopic sub-state accumulator is filled with liquid, buckled reversely, inserted and pulled with a cylinder arm pin, maximum speed and the like, and the telescopic sub-state accumulator corresponds to a first section, a second section and a third section (a first section, a second section and a third section are arranged from left to right) of the electric proportional valve respectively.
The first interval is used for the liquid filling state of the first energy accumulator, the oil inlet overflow area of the hydraulic control proportional reversing valve 24 is a certain value, and the oil return overflow area is zero; the second section of the proportional reversing valve is used for enabling the oil inlet and return overflow area to be constant when the valve is in sub-states such as back-off state, cylinder arm pin plug-in state and the like; when the crane stretches out and draws back to be in the above state, the displacement of the proportional reversing valve can meet the requirement as long as within a certain range, and when the crane leaves the factory to be debugged or the performance drifts during a period of use, the output current of the controller does not need to be adjusted repeatedly, so that the control difficulty is reduced. When the latter half of the second section of the proportional reversing valve is used in the acceleration and deceleration sub-state, the area of the oil inlet and return overflow changes in proportion to the displacement of the proportional reversing valve. And a third section of the proportional reversing valve is used for telescoping the maximum speed state.
(1) The first section of the hydraulic control proportional reversing valve 24 is mainly used for realizing that the hydraulic pump rapidly charges the first accumulator when the crane is not moving for a long time or the boom extends outwards and the pressure of the accumulator is too low to complete the pulling of the arm pin. The proportional valve is arranged in the first interval, the proportional reversing valve core is communicated with the port P and the port B, an oil way between the port A and the port T is cut off, and the flow area of the throttling port between the port P and the port B is a certain value.
The oil output by the pump flows to the small cavity of the telescopic cylinder through the throttle orifice of the proportional reversing valve, the oil return channel of the large cavity of the telescopic cylinder is not communicated, and the pump charges the first energy accumulator. In order to improve the liquid filling efficiency of the accumulator, the flow area of the corresponding throttling mouth in the interval is generally larger than that of the reverse buckle, the pull-plug cylinder pin and the belt arm in the contracted starting state. The basic control flow chart is shown in fig. 4.
(2) When the hydraulic control proportional reversing valve is in the second interval, the proportional valve core is communicated with the port P and the port B, the port A and the port T, hydraulic pump output oil flows into the small cavity of the telescopic oil cylinder through the proportional valve, and the telescopic oil cylinder oil returns and throttles through the proportional valve.
The crane has the advantages that the movement requirement of the telescopic oil cylinder is slow and stable when the telescopic oil cylinder is reversely buckled, the cylinder pin is pulled out and inserted, and the telescopic oil cylinder is in a telescopic starting state; at the moment, the throttling area of the oil inlet and the oil return throttling groove of the proportional valve is fixed, at the moment, the throttling area of the throttling groove of the oil return opening of the proportional valve is smaller, and the telescopic oil cylinder almost moves at a constant speed.
When the crane telescopic system is in an acceleration and deceleration motion state, the port P of the proportional valve is communicated with the port B, the port A is communicated with the port T, and the flow area of the oil outlet throttle and the oil return throttle of the proportional valve is increased along with the increase of input current.
(3) When the proportional reversing valve is in the third interval, the output current of the controller reaches the maximum value, and the oil outlet and the oil return port of the proportional valve are also at the maximum value. At this time, the flow of the telescopic system is maximum, and the telescopic oil cylinder moves at the maximum speed.
Illustrating: the displacement of the hydraulic control proportional valve rod is approximately proportional to the input current of the electric proportional pressure reducing valve, taking a certain telescopic system as an example, the flow area of the valve rod of the reversing valve is changed in sections along with the displacement (current) of the valve core, and the flow area of the valve port is changed along with the displacement (current) of the valve core, as shown in figure 5. The displacement of the proportional reversing valve is in a first interval when the displacement is in an ab range; the displacement of the proportional reversing valve is in a second interval when the displacement is in the bd range, wherein the bc interval is used for sub-states such as back-off, cylinder pin pulling and inserting, arm shrinkage starting and the like, and the cd interval is used for motion sub-states such as acceleration, deceleration and the like; and when the displacement of the proportional reversing valve is larger than d, the displacement is a third interval.
A control method of a single cylinder bolt telescopic system, comprising:
when the telescopic oil cylinder 26 performs the telescopic action, the high-pressure oil in the small cavity (the rod cavity) of the oil cylinder is filled with the first energy accumulator 27. The accumulator after filling is used as an oil source of the cylinder pulling arm pin system.
The cylinder arm pin switching valve 217 can realize the extension and retraction of the cylinder pin cylinder 212 and the arm pin cylinder 213, thereby realizing the switching of the action of pulling the cylinder pin and pulling the arm pin.
(1) And (5) operating the arm pin pulling normally.
The telescopic oil cylinder 26 is controlled to execute the telescopic action, and high-pressure oil liquid in a rod cavity of the telescopic oil cylinder 26 is charged into the first energy accumulator 27 through the fourth one-way valve 218 and the first connecting oil way.
The cylinder arm pin switching valve 217Y1 is powered on, and works in the left position, the port P and the port a of the cylinder arm pin switching valve 217 are conducted, high-pressure oil of the first accumulator 27 passes through the cylinder arm pin switching valve 217 and the sequence valve 214 to reach a rodless cavity of the arm pin cylinder 213, and the arm pin cylinder 213 is driven to act to realize arm pin pulling operation. That is, the cylinder barrel of the arm pin oil cylinder 213 is fixed, and the oil cylinder rod drives the arm pin pulling mechanism to act under the action of oil hydraulic pressure force, so that the arm pin pulling is realized.
When the power is lost to Y1, the oil in the rodless cavity of the arm pin cylinder 213 flows back to the second accumulator 211 and/or the liquid storage cylinder 221 under the action of the spring (prior art). Specifically, the oil flows into the fifth check valve 219 of the second connecting oil path through the third oil port, the second oil port, the a port of the cylinder arm pin switching valve 217, and the T port of the cylinder arm pin switching valve 217 of the sequence valve, flows back to the second accumulator 211 and/or the fluid storage cylinder 221 through the communication point on the third connecting oil path. The return oil from the second accumulator 211 and the reservoir cylinder 221 finally flows back to the rod cavity of the telescopic cylinder 26 through the first check valve 28.
(2) And (5) operating the normal cylinder pulling pin.
The telescopic oil cylinder 26 is controlled to execute the telescopic action, and high-pressure oil liquid in a rod cavity of the telescopic oil cylinder 26 is charged into the first energy accumulator 27 through the fourth one-way valve 218 and the first connecting oil way.
The cylinder arm pin switching valve 217Y2 is powered on, the right position works, the port P and the port B of the cylinder arm pin switching valve 217 are conducted, high-pressure oil of the first accumulator 27 passes through the cylinder arm pin switching valve 217 to reach a rodless cavity of the cylinder pin cylinder 212, and the cylinder pin cylinder 212 is driven to act to realize the cylinder pin pulling operation. That is, the cylinder pin cylinder 212 is fixed, and the cylinder rod of the cylinder drives the cylinder pin pulling mechanism to act under the action of hydraulic oil pressure, so that the cylinder pin pulling action is completed. The rodless cavity oil of the cylinder pin oil cylinder 212 passes through the one-way valve group and is returned by the low-pressure cavity (the rod cavity) of the telescopic oil cylinder.
When the Y2 is powered down, the oil in the rodless cavity of the cylinder pin cylinder 212 flows back to the second accumulator 211 and/or the reservoir cylinder 221 under the action of the spring (prior art). Specifically, the oil flows into the fifth one-way valve 219 of the second connecting oil path through the port B of the cylinder arm pin switching valve 217 and the port T of the cylinder arm pin switching valve 217, flows back to the second accumulator 211 and/or the liquid storage cylinder 221 through the communication point on the third connecting oil path, and finally returns the return oil of the second accumulator 211 and the liquid storage cylinder 221 to the rod cavity of the telescopic cylinder 26 through the first one-way valve 28.
(3) And (5) carrying out emergency arm pin pulling operation.
In fig. 2, the sequence valve 214 is in a state before the reversing, and the sequence valve 214 is required to be reversed when an emergency arm is required.
The relief pressure of the first relief valve 21 is adjusted to be greater than a certain pressure value. The pilot operated proportional directional valve is first placed in the first jog area such that the oil pressure in both the first accumulator 27 and the third accumulator 215 is greater than the directional set pressure in the sequence valve 214.
The telescopic oil cylinder 26 is controlled to execute the retraction operation, high-pressure oil in a rod cavity of the telescopic oil cylinder 26 is filled into the first energy accumulator 27, so that the oil pressure of the first energy accumulator 27 and the oil pressure of the third energy accumulator 215 are both larger than the reversing set pressure of the sequence valve 214, and the sequence valve 214 reverses, namely the first oil port of the sequence valve 214 conducts the third oil port.
The high-pressure oil in the first accumulator 27 passes through the first oil port and the third oil port of the sequence valve 214, reaches the rodless cavity of the arm pin oil cylinder 213, and the arm pin oil cylinder 213 is driven to act to realize emergency arm pin pulling operation. Because the arm pin oil cylinder 213 has a certain cavity when the arm pin is pulled out in emergency, the pressure of the first accumulator 27 can be reduced, in order to avoid the rapid resetting of the sequence valve 24, the pressure in the third accumulator 215 (with a large amount of high-pressure oil) is used for maintaining reversing, so that the suspension arm is retracted smoothly.
In a word, the system improves stability, energy conservation and compactness of the telescopic system, and reduces weight, noise and cost. Specific:
(1) A new telescopic main system principle is provided, which is different in different telescopic sub-states by integrating the system, and the form does not cause the cost increase of the main valve. In the states of back-off, cylinder arm pin insertion and extraction, arm shrinkage start and the like, the stability of the telescopic system is improved, and the noise is reduced. When the crane leaves the factory to be debugged or is used for a long time, the control current does not need to be adjusted repeatedly, so that the control difficulty is reduced.
(2) The novel cylinder arm pin system principle is provided, energy conservation is improved, the high-pressure accumulator is used for pulling out the cylinder arm pin, the liquid storage oil cylinder or/and the low-pressure accumulator is used for rapidly absorbing oil released by the high-pressure cavity of the cylinder arm pin oil cylinder, and the release responsiveness and reliability of the cylinder arm pin are improved.
(3) And a movable core in the telescopic oil cylinder is canceled, so that the telescopic oil cylinder has a simplified structure, reduced processing difficulty and reduced cost.
(4) The separate accumulator (the third accumulator 215) is adopted to provide oil for reversing the sequence valve 214, the oil pressure in the main accumulator (the first accumulator 27) can be rapidly reduced after the arm pin is pulled out in an emergency, but the pressure in the auxiliary accumulator (the third accumulator 215) is slower, so that the arm pin is pulled out in an emergency can be well maintained.
(5) When the pressure of the first energy accumulator exceeds a set value, overflowing through an overflow valve; and when the pressure of the first energy accumulator is lower, the oil in the oil return path can be discharged to the high-pressure energy accumulator, so that the charging time of the high-pressure energy accumulator is reduced.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any person skilled in the art will make any equivalent substitution or modification to the technical solution and technical content disclosed in the invention without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the invention, and the technical solution of the invention is not departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A single cylinder latch retraction system comprising:
a telescopic oil cylinder;
a driver end, comprising:
the first energy accumulator is used as an oil source of the cylinder pulling arm pin unit after the telescopic oil cylinder is filled with liquid; the cylinder pulling arm pin unit comprises a cylinder arm pin switching valve and a sequence valve;
the first accumulator is connected to a P port of the cylinder arm pin switching valve and a first oil port of the sequence valve through a first connecting oil way; the port A of the cylinder arm pin switching valve is connected to the second port of the sequence valve; the first control end of the sequence valve is connected to a third energy accumulator, and a third one-way valve is arranged between the third energy accumulator and the first oil port; the third one-way valve is communicated from the first oil port to the third energy accumulator; the second control end of the sequence valve is connected to an oil circuit between the second oil port and the opening A of the cylinder arm pin switching valve; the third oil port of the sequence valve is connected to the rodless cavity of the arm pin oil cylinder;
the first energy accumulator is connected to a T port of the cylinder arm pin switching valve through a second connecting oil way, and a fifth one-way valve is arranged on the second connecting oil way; the fifth one-way valve is communicated with the first energy accumulator from the T port of the cylinder arm pin switching valve; the port B of the cylinder arm pin switching valve is connected to a rodless cavity of the cylinder pin oil cylinder;
the rodless cavity of the liquid storage oil cylinder is connected with the second energy accumulator and the rod cavity of the telescopic oil cylinder; a first one-way valve is arranged on a third connecting oil path between the rodless cavity of the liquid storage oil cylinder and the rod cavity of the telescopic oil cylinder; the third connecting oil way is communicated with the second connecting oil way, and the communication point of the third connecting oil way is positioned between the second overflow valve and the fifth one-way valve; a fourth one-way valve is arranged between the third connecting oil way and the first connecting oil way; the first one-way valve is communicated from the communication point to the direction of the telescopic oil cylinder, and the fourth one-way valve is communicated from the telescopic oil cylinder to the direction of the third connecting oil path.
2. The single cylinder latch telescoping system of claim 1, further comprising: the two-position four-way valve is provided with a P port connected with a first connecting oil way, a T port connected with a second connecting oil way and a B port connected with a rodless cavity of the liquid storage oil cylinder; when electricity is obtained, the P port is communicated with the B port, and when electricity is lost, the P port is communicated with the A port.
3. The single cylinder latch telescoping system of claim 1, further comprising an oil supply end comprising an oil tank, a hydraulically controlled proportional directional valve, and a first relief valve, wherein the rod cavity of the telescoping cylinder is connected to the oil tank through the first relief valve, and wherein the rodless cavity of the telescoping cylinder is connected to the oil tank through a passage of the hydraulically controlled proportional directional valve; the other passage of the hydraulic control proportional reversing valve is connected with the first overflow valve in parallel, control ends on two sides of the hydraulic control proportional reversing valve are respectively connected with an electric proportional pressure reducing valve, and the electric proportional pressure reducing valve is respectively connected with pilot oil and an oil tank.
4. The single cylinder plug telescoping system of claim 3, wherein the oil supply end further comprises a balance valve, the rodless chamber of the telescoping cylinder is connected to a hydraulically controlled proportional reversing valve through the balance valve, and the control end of the balance valve is connected to the rod chamber of the telescoping cylinder.
5. The single cylinder plug pin telescoping system of claim 3, wherein the arm pin cylinder and cylinder pin cylinder are connected to the arm pin mechanism and cylinder pin mechanism, respectively, and the arm pin and cylinder pin are pulled out by oil return from rod and rodless chambers of the arm pin cylinder and cylinder pin cylinder.
6. The single cylinder plug expansion system of claim 3, wherein said pilot operated proportional reversing valve is in a first interval wherein the proportional reversing valve element communicates port P with port B and the oil path between port a and port T is cut off; when the hydraulic control proportional reversing valve is in the second interval, the proportional valve core is communicated with the port P and the port B, and the port A and the port T.
7. The single cylinder plug expansion system of claim 1, wherein a second relief valve is further provided on said second connecting oil path, said second relief valve being connected in parallel with a second check valve; the fifth one-way valve is arranged close to the cylinder arm pin switching valve; the flow direction of the second one-way valve is from the T port of the cylinder arm pin switching valve to the first energy accumulator.
8. A method for controlling a single cylinder latch telescoping system, comprising:
normal arm pin removal operation:
the telescopic oil cylinder is controlled to execute the shrinkage action, and high-pressure oil liquid in a rod cavity of the telescopic oil cylinder is charged into the first energy accumulator through the fourth one-way valve and the first connecting oil way;
the cylinder arm pin switching valve Y1 is powered on, the P port and the A port of the cylinder arm pin switching valve are communicated, high-pressure oil liquid of the first energy accumulator passes through the cylinder arm pin switching valve and the sequence valve to reach a rodless cavity of the arm pin oil cylinder, and the arm pin oil cylinder is driven to act so as to realize arm pin pulling operation;
normal cylinder pin removal operation:
the telescopic oil cylinder is controlled to execute the shrinkage action, and high-pressure oil liquid in a rod cavity of the telescopic oil cylinder is charged into the first energy accumulator through the fourth one-way valve and the first connecting oil way;
the cylinder arm pin switching valve Y2 is powered on, the P port and the B port of the cylinder arm pin switching valve are communicated, high-pressure oil liquid of the first energy accumulator passes through the cylinder arm pin switching valve to reach a rodless cavity of the cylinder pin oil cylinder, and the cylinder pin oil cylinder is driven to act so as to realize the operation of pulling out the cylinder pin;
emergent arm pin pulling operation:
the overflow pressure of the first overflow valve is regulated so that the oil pressure of the first accumulator and the oil pressure of the third accumulator are both larger than the reversing set pressure of the sequence valve,
the telescopic oil cylinder is controlled to execute the retraction, high-pressure oil in a rod cavity of the telescopic oil cylinder is filled into the first energy accumulator, so that the oil pressure of the first energy accumulator and the oil pressure of the third energy accumulator are both greater than the reversing set pressure of the sequence valve;
the high-pressure oil in the first accumulator reaches the rodless cavity of the arm pin oil cylinder through the sequence valve, and the arm pin oil cylinder is driven to act to realize emergency arm pin pulling operation.
9. The method for controlling a single cylinder plug telescopic system according to claim 8, wherein the controlling the telescopic cylinder to execute the telescopic action comprises: the hydraulic control proportional reversing valve is controlled by adjusting the magnitude of the input current of the electric proportional pressure reducing valve, and the telescopic oil cylinder is controlled to execute the contraction action by the action of the hydraulic control proportional reversing valve.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310105183.2A CN116199143A (en) | 2023-02-13 | 2023-02-13 | Single-cylinder bolt telescopic system and control method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310105183.2A CN116199143A (en) | 2023-02-13 | 2023-02-13 | Single-cylinder bolt telescopic system and control method |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN116199143A true CN116199143A (en) | 2023-06-02 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202310105183.2A Pending CN116199143A (en) | 2023-02-13 | 2023-02-13 | Single-cylinder bolt telescopic system and control method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN116199143A (en) |
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2023
- 2023-02-13 CN CN202310105183.2A patent/CN116199143A/en active Pending
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