CN116197645A - Automatic tightening tool for engine hood - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an automatic tightening tool for an engine hood, which has the technical scheme that: comprising the following steps: the automobile comprises a lower layer positioning device for positioning an automobile body, an upper layer positioning device for positioning an engine cover and left and right wing plates of the automobile body, an automatic tightening device for fixing the engine cover on the automobile body, a T-shaped hard arm lifting device for driving the lower layer positioning device to move up and down, and a plurality of floating connecting devices; one end of the floating connecting device is connected with the lower layer positioning device, and the other end of the floating connecting device is connected with the upper layer positioning device; one end of the T-shaped hard arm lifting device is arranged at the lower end of the production line walking track, and the other end of the T-shaped hard arm lifting device is connected with the lower layer positioning device; the automatic tightening device is arranged on the upper layer positioning device; the method has the advantages of high equipment assembly precision, high automation degree and high production efficiency.

Description

Automatic tightening tool for engine hood

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of automobile assembly, in particular to an automatic engine cover tightening tool.

Background

China is a large automobile manufacturing industry country, and on an automobile welding adjustment line, an engine cover assembly system is necessary, and the assembly quality requirement is high; at present, the host factories in China all adopt built-in integral type hand-held simple tools or left-right split type hand-held simple tools to assemble engine covers.

However, most steps of the existing assembly procedure are manually completed by manual tightening, the gap and the surface difference after assembly are required to be repeatedly adjusted, the operation difficulty is high, the assembly precision and the working efficiency are low, the assembly beat is about 50JPH, at least 3 operators are required for each station, one person is used for carrying, two persons are required to be screwed up for installation, the requirement of high-efficiency cost reduction cannot be met, meanwhile, the working strength is high, the assembly quality cannot be effectively guaranteed, and therefore the assembly quality is required to be improved.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention aims to provide an automatic engine cover tightening tool which has the advantages of high equipment assembly precision, high automation degree and high production efficiency.

The technical aim of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: an automatic hood tightening harness comprising: the automobile comprises a lower layer positioning device for positioning an automobile body, an upper layer positioning device for positioning an engine cover and left and right wing plates of the automobile body, an automatic tightening device for fixing the engine cover on the automobile body, a T-shaped hard arm lifting device for driving the lower layer positioning device to move up and down, and a plurality of floating connecting devices; one end of the floating connecting device is connected with the lower layer positioning device, and the other end of the floating connecting device is connected with the upper layer positioning device; one end of the T-shaped hard arm lifting device is arranged at the lower end of the production line walking track, and the other end of the T-shaped hard arm lifting device is connected with the lower layer positioning device; the automatic tightening device is arranged on the upper layer positioning device.

Optionally, the lower layer positioning device includes: a first bracket; the first bracket is provided with a vehicle body Z-direction supporting and clamping mechanism, a first vehicle body Z-direction floating supporting mechanism, an X-direction positioning plate, a horizontal limiting mechanism and a first detection mechanism for detecting whether an upper layer positioning device is in place or not; the first bracket is arranged on the movable end of the T-shaped hard arm lifting device; the vehicle body Z-direction supporting and clamping mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the first bracket; the first vehicle body Z-direction floating support mechanism is arranged on the first bracket; the X-direction guide positioning plate is arranged at the end part of the first bracket; the horizontal limiting mechanism is arranged on the central axis of the first bracket; the first detection mechanism is arranged on the first bracket and is positioned at one side of the X-direction guide positioning plate; the floating connection is mounted on the first bracket.

Optionally, the vehicle body Z-direction supporting and clamping mechanism includes: the Z-direction clamping device comprises an air cylinder connecting seat, a Z-direction supporting block for supporting a vehicle body, a Z-direction clamping block for clamping the vehicle body, a clamping air cylinder for driving the Z-direction clamping block and a first detection switch for detecting whether the Z-direction supporting block is in place or not; the cylinder connecting seat is arranged on the first bracket; the clamping cylinder is arranged on the cylinder connecting seat, and the output end of the clamping cylinder is connected with the Z-direction clamping block; the Z-direction supporting block is arranged on one side of the cylinder connecting seat; the first detection switch is arranged at the end part of the Z-direction supporting block.

Optionally, the floating connection device includes: the ball can drive the upper layer positioning device to move up and down; the floating lifting cylinder is arranged on the first bracket; one end of the ball is arranged on the telescopic end of the floating lifting cylinder, and the other end of the ball is sleeved at the lower end of the upper layer positioning device.

Optionally, the upper layer positioning device includes: a second bracket; the second bracket is provided with a centering positioning mechanism, an engine hood telescopic pin positioning mechanism, an engine hood Y-direction centering mechanism, an engine hood X-direction precise guiding mechanism, a second vehicle body Z-direction floating supporting mechanism, an engine hood Z-direction supporting block, a vehicle body Z-direction supporting block and a horizontal limit adjusting mechanism; the ball is arranged at the lower end of the second bracket; the centering and positioning mechanism is arranged on the second bracket; the engine cover telescopic pin positioning mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the second bracket; the engine cover Y-direction centering mechanism is arranged on the second bracket; the engine cover X fine guide mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the second bracket; the second vehicle body Z-direction floating support mechanism is arranged on the second bracket; the engine cover Z-direction supporting blocks are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the second bracket; the Z-direction support blocks of the vehicle body are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the second bracket; one end of the horizontal limit adjusting mechanism is arranged on the second bracket, and the other end of the horizontal limit adjusting mechanism is connected with the horizontal limit mechanism; the automatic tightening device is arranged on the second bracket.

Optionally, the centering and positioning mechanism includes: the middle support, the swing lug, the connecting rod, the movable limiter, the sliding rail slide block and the fender positioning pin; the middle support is arranged on the second bracket; the swing lugs are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the middle support; one end of the connecting rod is connected with the swing lug, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected with the sliding rail slide block; one end of the sliding rail sliding block is arranged on the second bracket, and the other end of the sliding rail sliding block is connected with the fender positioning pin; the movable limiter is arranged at the movable end of the sliding rail sliding block.

Optionally, the engine cover telescopic pin positioning mechanism includes: a hood positioning pin, a driver for driving the hood positioning pin, and a second detection switch for detecting whether the hood positioning pin is in place; the driver is mounted on the second bracket; the engine cover positioning pin is arranged on the output end of the driver; the second detection switch is mounted on the driver and located on one side of the hood positioning pin.

Optionally, the engine cover Y-direction centering mechanism includes: the automobile body hole guide pin is used for positioning an automobile body, the Y-direction gap block is used for separating the engine cover from the left and right fender plates of the automobile body, and the third detection switch is used for detecting whether the engine cover is in place or not; the fixed seat is arranged on the second bracket; the automobile body hole guide pin is arranged on the fixed seat; the Y-direction gap block is arranged on the fixed seat and is positioned at one side of the guide pin of the automobile body hole; the third detection switch is arranged on the fixed seat and positioned on the other side of the guide pin of the automobile body hole.

Optionally, the automatic tightening device includes: an adjusting seat, a tightening gun for installing a screw to fix the engine cover to the vehicle body, a plane floating mechanism capable of adjusting the working position of the tightening gun, and a guide piece for guiding an engine cover hinge; the adjusting seat is arranged on the second bracket; one end of the plane floating mechanism is arranged on the adjusting seat, and the other end of the plane floating mechanism is connected with the tightening gun; the guide member is mounted at an end of the planar floating mechanism.

Optionally, the T-shaped hard arm lifting device includes: the lifting device comprises a lifting cylinder for driving the first bracket to move up and down, a walking frame for driving the lifting cylinder to move horizontally, and an auxiliary device for assisting the lifting cylinder to work; the walking frame is movably arranged at the lower end of the walking track of the production line; one end of the lifting cylinder is arranged on the walking frame, and the other end of the lifting cylinder is connected with the first bracket; one end of the auxiliary device is arranged on the walking frame, and the other end of the auxiliary device is connected with the lifting cylinder.

In summary, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. the lower layer positioning device can be used for initially positioning the vehicle body, and the upper layer positioning device can be used for positioning the engine cover and the left and right fenders on the vehicle body, so that the engine cover is more accurate and stable when being mounted on the vehicle body; a floating connecting device is arranged between the upper layer positioning device and the lower layer positioning device, so that the harness can be movably matched with the gap change of the left side and the right side of the vehicle body, and the installation error is reduced; the automatic tightening device can automatically fix the engine cover on the vehicle body by synchronously tightening screws at two sides, so that the assembly efficiency and the automation degree are higher, and meanwhile, the cost of manpower and material resources is reduced.

2. The upper and lower two-layer positioner is provided with a plurality of positioning mechanisms and detection mechanisms, so that the loader can be automatically positioned in three-dimensional direction when being installed on the car body, the detection mechanisms can assist in judging whether the loader is completely in place, the self-adaptive car body manufacturing error is greatly reduced, and the occurrence probability of the phenomena of gaps, face difference errors and the like after the engine cover is assembled is greatly reduced.

3. The single-station operator of the harness only needs 2 people, one person carries the engine cover, one person operates the harness to screw up and install, the number of operators is reduced, meanwhile, the assembly quality is obviously improved, the assembly beat is improved to 58JPH from 50JPH, and the purpose of reducing cost and high-efficiency production is achieved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a first overall construction schematic of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a second overall construction schematic of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the lower layer positioning device according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of the upper layer positioning device in the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of the Z-direction support clamping mechanism of the vehicle body of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a centering and positioning mechanism according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the hood telescoping pin positioning mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the Y-direction centering mechanism of the hood according to the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a first schematic view of the automatic tightening device of the present invention;

FIG. 10 is a second schematic view of the automated tightening device (hidden tightening gun) of the present invention;

fig. 11 is a schematic structural view of a T-shaped hard arm lifting device according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a lower layer positioning device; 11. a first bracket; 12. the Z-direction supporting and clamping mechanism of the vehicle body; 13. the first vehicle body Z-direction floating support mechanism; 14. x-direction guide positioning plate; 15. a horizontal limiting mechanism; 16. a first detection mechanism; 2. an upper layer positioning device; 21. a second bracket; 22. centering and positioning mechanism; 23. the engine hood stretches out and draws back the locating mechanism of the pin; 24. a hood Y-direction centering mechanism; 25. a fine guiding mechanism of the engine cover X; 26. the second vehicle body Z-direction floating support mechanism; 27. the Z-direction supporting block of the engine cover; 28. a Z-direction supporting block of the vehicle body; 29. a horizontal limit adjusting mechanism; 3. an automatic tightening device; 31. an adjusting seat; 32. tightening the gun; 33. a planar floating mechanism; 34. a guide member; 35. tightening the gun clip; 36. a screw sleeve; 4. t-shaped hard arm lifting device; 41. lifting the cylinder; 42. a walking frame; 43. an auxiliary device; 5. a floating connection device; 61. a cylinder connecting seat; 62. a Z-direction supporting block; 63. a Z-direction clamping block; 64. a clamping cylinder; 65. a first detection switch; 71. a middle support; 72. ear swinging; 73. a connecting rod; 74. a movable limiter; 75. a slide rail slide block; 76. fender locating pins; 81. a bonnet locating pin; 82. a driver; 83. a second detection switch; 91. a fixing seat; 92. a body hole guide pin; 93. y-direction gap blocks; 94. and a third detection switch.

Detailed Description

In order that the objects, features and advantages of the invention will be readily understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof which are illustrated in the appended drawings. Several embodiments of the invention are presented in the figures. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein.

In the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances. The terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more such feature.

In the present invention, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, a first feature "above" or "below" a second feature may include both the first and second features being in direct contact, as well as the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact with each other through additional features therebetween. Moreover, a first feature being "above," "over" and "on" a second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply indicating that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "under", "below" and "beneath" the second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is less level than the second feature. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," "up," "down," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to indicate or imply that the devices or elements being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.

The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

As shown in fig. 1 to 11, the present invention provides an automatic hood tightening harness comprising: the automobile body positioning device comprises a lower layer positioning device 1 for positioning an automobile body, an upper layer positioning device 2 for positioning an engine cover and left and right fender panels of the automobile body, an automatic tightening device 3 for fixing the engine cover on the automobile body, a T-shaped hard arm lifting device 4 for driving the lower layer positioning device 1 to move up and down and a plurality of floating connecting devices 5; one end of the floating connecting device 5 is connected with the lower layer positioning device 1, and the other end of the floating connecting device 5 is connected with the upper layer positioning device 2; one end of the T-shaped hard arm lifting device 4 is arranged at the lower end of the production line walking track, and the other end of the T-shaped hard arm lifting device 4 is connected with the lower layer positioning device 1; the automatic tightening device 3 is arranged on the upper layer positioning device 2.

The application needs to be noted that JPH is the hour workload or the unit time workload, and reflects the theoretical production capacity of the equipment; the direction of the vehicle body X, Y, Z as used herein refers to the three-dimensional direction of the vehicle design coordinate system, the X-direction being the vehicle body length direction, the Y-direction being the vehicle body width direction, and the Z-direction being the vehicle body height direction; the left side beam and the right side beam of the cabin of the vehicle body are divided into a left longitudinal beam and a right longitudinal beam, and a fender is arranged on the side surfaces of the left longitudinal beam and the right longitudinal beam (namely, the upper position of a front wheel of the vehicle); when the loader is in operation, the engine hood is positioned in the engine compartment at the front end of the vehicle body, and when the loader is assembled, a relevant person is required to manually place the engine hood on the vehicle body, and then the engine hood is fixed on the vehicle body by automatically screwing the loader; the engine hood is arranged on engine hood hinges above the left and right longitudinal beams of the automobile body (the engine hood hinges are a part of an engine room of the automobile body), and the engine hood hinges can drive the engine hood to move on the automobile body after the engine hood hinges are assembled;

in this embodiment, the lower layer positioning device 1 is mounted on the movable end of the T-shaped hard arm lifting device 4, and when the T-shaped hard arm lifting device 4 moves at the lower end of the production line walking track, the lower layer positioning device 1 and the upper layer positioning device 2 can be driven to move integrally; the two ends of the floating connecting device 5 are respectively connected with the lower layer positioning device 1 and the upper layer positioning device 2, so that the lower layer positioning device 1 and the upper layer positioning device 2 are in floating connection, the floating connection mode can not only effectively reduce the influence on the engine cover in the whole accompanying process of the harness, but also adapt to the gap change of the left side and the right side of the vehicle body, and reduce the installation error; the automatic tightening devices 3 are arranged on two sides of the upper end of the upper layer positioning device 2, when the harness is positioned on the vehicle body and the engine cover is in a fully closed state on the vehicle body, the automatic tightening devices 3 on two sides can synchronously and automatically tighten the screws between the engine cover hinge and the engine cover, so that the tightening and fixing effects are achieved, and the pre-tightening torque of the screws can be ensured;

the single-station operator of the harness only needs 2 people, one person carries the engine cover, one person operates the harness to screw up and mount, the number of operators is reduced, meanwhile, the assembly quality is obviously improved, the assembly beat is improved from 50JPH to 58JPH, and the purposes of reducing cost and realizing efficient production are achieved; the lower layer positioning device 1 of the harness can be used for initially positioning the vehicle body, and the upper layer positioning device 2 can be used for positioning the engine cover and the left and right fenders on the vehicle body, so that the engine cover is more accurate and stable when being mounted on the vehicle body; the automatic tightening device can automatically fix the engine cover on the vehicle body by synchronously tightening screws at two sides, so that the assembly efficiency and the automation degree are higher, and meanwhile, the cost of manpower and material resources is reduced.

Further, the lower layer positioning device 1 includes: a first bracket 11; the first bracket 11 is provided with a vehicle body Z-direction supporting and clamping mechanism 12, a first vehicle body Z-direction floating supporting mechanism 13, an X-direction positioning plate 14, a horizontal limiting mechanism 15 and a first detecting mechanism 16 for detecting whether the upper layer positioning device 2 is in place; the first bracket 11 is arranged on the movable end of the T-shaped hard arm lifting device 4; the vehicle body Z-direction supporting and clamping mechanisms 12 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the first bracket 11; the first vehicle body Z-direction floating support mechanism 13 is arranged on the first bracket 11; the X-direction guide positioning plate 14 is provided at an end of the first bracket 11; the horizontal limiting mechanism 15 is arranged on the central axis of the first bracket 11; the first detection mechanism 16 is mounted on the first bracket 11 and is positioned at one side of the X-direction guide positioning plate 14; the floating connection 5 is mounted on the first bracket 11.

In the embodiment, the first bracket 11 of the lower layer positioning device 1 is connected with the movable end of the T-shaped hard arm lifting device 4, wherein the Z-direction supporting and clamping mechanism 12 can support and clamp the lower layer positioning device 1 in a cabin of a vehicle body, so that the lower layer positioning device 1 is initially positioned on the vehicle body;

the middle part of the first vehicle body Z-direction floating support mechanism 13 is arranged on the first bracket 11, and the first vehicle body Z-direction floating support mechanism 13 is correspondingly matched with the Z-direction support clamping mechanism 12 to support the first bracket 11;

the X-direction positioning plate 14 is arranged at the end part of the first bracket 11, when the lower positioning device 1 is placed on the vehicle body, the X-direction positioning plate 14 is abutted against the vehicle body, and the harness stops moving continuously relative to the vehicle body, so that the X-direction positioning effect of the lower positioning device 1 on the vehicle body is achieved;

the horizontal limiting mechanism 15 comprises an XY-direction limiting rod and a Z-direction baffle, the T-shaped hard arm lifting device 4 and the lower layer positioning device 1 are arranged relative to the central line of the production line body, and in order to compensate for the Y-position fluctuation of the vehicle body on the line body by 2cm, the horizontal limiting adjusting mechanism 29 of the upper layer positioning device 2 is arranged in clearance fit with the horizontal limiting mechanism 15 of the lower layer positioning device 1, so that the Y-position fluctuation of the vehicle body is met;

after the lower layer positioning device 1 drives the upper layer positioning device 2 to be placed on the car body, the first detection mechanism 16 can be used for detecting whether the upper layer positioning device 2 is in place on the car body, and when the whole of the harness is positioned on the car body, the automatic screwing step can be started.

Further, the vehicle body Z-direction support clamping mechanism 12 includes: the vehicle body clamping device comprises a cylinder connecting seat 61, a Z-direction supporting block 62 for supporting a vehicle body, a Z-direction clamping block 63 for clamping the vehicle body, a clamping cylinder 64 for driving the Z-direction clamping block 63, and a first detection switch 65 for detecting whether the Z-direction supporting block 62 is in place; the cylinder connecting seat 61 is mounted on the first bracket 11; the clamping cylinder 64 is mounted on the cylinder connecting seat 61, and the output end of the clamping cylinder 64 is connected with the Z-direction clamping block 63; the Z-direction supporting block 62 is arranged on one side of the cylinder connecting seat 61; the first detection switch 65 is mounted at the end of the Z-direction support block 62.

In this embodiment, the cylinder connecting seat 61 is respectively connected with the first bracket 11, the Z-direction supporting block 62 and the clamping cylinder 64 (see fig. 5), when the lower layer positioning device 1 is placed on the vehicle body, the Z-direction supporting block 62 on the cylinder connecting seat 61 is abutted against the vehicle body, after the first detection switch 65 at the end of the Z-direction supporting block 62 detects that the Z-direction supporting block 62 is installed in place, the output end of the clamping cylinder 64 acts and drives the Z-direction clamping block 63, so that the Z-direction clamping block 63 and the Z-direction supporting block 62 cooperate to clamp the vehicle body, thereby achieving the supporting and clamping effect of the lower layer positioning device 1 on the vehicle body.

Further, the floating connection device 5 includes: the ball can drive the upper layer positioning device 2 to move up and down; the floating lifting cylinder is arranged on the first bracket 11; one end of the ball is arranged on the telescopic end of the floating lifting cylinder, and the other end of the ball is sleeved at the lower end of the upper layer positioning device 2.

In this embodiment, the floating connection device 5 includes a floating lifting cylinder and balls (the floating connection device 5 is not shown in the drawing), the balls are disposed on the telescopic ends of the floating lifting cylinder, and two ends of the floating connection device 5 are respectively connected with the first bracket 11 and the upper layer positioning device 2, so that the connection mode between the lower layer positioning device 1 and the upper layer positioning device 2 is ball floating connection, and the influence of the equipment on the engine cover in the following process can be effectively reduced by using the ball floating connection mode between the upper layer and the lower layer of the harness.

Further, the upper layer positioning device 2 includes: a second bracket 21; the second bracket 21 is provided with a centering positioning mechanism 22, a bonnet telescopic pin positioning mechanism 23, a bonnet Y-direction centering mechanism 24, a bonnet X-direction precise guiding mechanism 25, a second vehicle body Z-direction floating supporting mechanism 26, a bonnet Z-direction supporting block 27, a vehicle body Z-direction supporting block 28 and a horizontal limit adjusting mechanism 29; the balls are arranged at the lower end of the second bracket 21; the centering and positioning mechanism 22 is mounted on the second bracket 21; the engine cover telescopic pin positioning mechanisms 23 are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the second bracket 21; the hood Y-direction centering mechanism 24 is mounted on the second bracket 21; the fine engine cover X guiding mechanisms 25 are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the second bracket 21; the second vehicle body Z-direction floating support mechanism 26 is arranged on the second bracket 21; the engine cover Z-direction supporting blocks 27 are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the second bracket 21; the vehicle body Z-direction supporting blocks 28 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the second bracket 21; one end of the horizontal limit adjusting mechanism 29 is mounted on the second bracket 21, and the other end of the horizontal limit adjusting mechanism 29 is connected with the horizontal limit mechanism 15; the automatic tightening device 3 is mounted on the second bracket 21.

In the present embodiment, the centering and positioning mechanism 22 is installed on the center line position of the second bracket 21, so that centering and positioning can be performed when the upper layer positioning device 2 is placed on the vehicle body; the engine cover telescopic pin positioning mechanisms 23 are arranged on two sides of the second bracket 21 and are used for positioning the engine cover before the engine cover is automatically screwed down after being placed on the vehicle body, so that the position of the engine cover when the engine cover is automatically screwed down is more accurate; the engine cover Y-direction centering mechanisms 24 are arranged on two sides of the second bracket 21 and are used for carrying out the integral Y-direction positioning of the engine cover on the vehicle body, so that the clearance between the engine cover and the left and right fender plates of the vehicle body is better matched with the surface difference;

when the engine cover is placed, as the positioning pin 81 on the engine cover telescopic pin positioning mechanism 23 cannot be directly seen, the engine cover X fine guide mechanism 25 is arranged to assist the upper layer positioning device 2 to perform rapid X-direction positioning so as to facilitate a worker to place the engine cover on the second bracket 21 more conveniently;

the plurality of the vehicle body Z-direction supporting blocks 28 are arranged, the plurality of the vehicle body Z-direction supporting blocks 28 are uniformly arranged on two sides of the lower end of the second bracket 21, and the vehicle body Z-direction supporting blocks 28 are used for supporting the second bracket 21 on a vehicle body, so that the loading of the second bracket 21 on the vehicle body is more stable, and the phenomenon of deviation of the upper layer positioning device 2 during working is prevented;

the middle part of the second vehicle body Z-direction floating support mechanism 26 is arranged on the second bracket 21, and the second vehicle body Z-direction floating support mechanism 26 and the vehicle body Z-direction support block 28 jointly act to support the second bracket 21 on the vehicle body, so that the supporting effect of the second bracket 21 in the vehicle body Z direction is achieved;

the plurality of engine cover Z-direction supporting blocks 27 are arranged, the plurality of engine cover Z-direction supporting blocks 27 are uniformly arranged on two sides of the upper end of the second bracket 21, and the supporting blocks 27 are used for supporting the engine cover, so that the engine cover can be stably placed on the second bracket 21 after being centered and positioned, and the engine cover can be conveniently matched with a hinge on the second bracket 21 and installed and positioned;

the horizontal limit adjusting mechanism 29 includes an XY adjusting block and a spacer, and can perform XY gap adjustment, and preferably, the upper layer positioning device 2 and the vehicle body are floatingly positioned in combination with the position fluctuation in the Y direction of the vehicle body (see fig. 2 and 4).

Further, the centering and positioning mechanism 22 includes: the middle support 71, the swing lug 72, the connecting rod 73, the movable limiter 74, the sliding rail slide block 75 and the fender positioning pin 76; the intermediate support 71 is mounted on the second bracket 21; the swing lugs 72 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the middle support 71; one end of the connecting rod 73 is connected with the swing lug 72, and the other end of the connecting rod 73 is connected with the sliding rail slide block 75; one end of the sliding rail sliding block 75 is installed on the second bracket 21, and the other end of the sliding rail sliding block 75 is connected with the fender positioning pin 76; the movable stopper 74 is mounted on the movable end of the slide rail slider 75.

In this embodiment, the middle support 71 is disposed at a center line position of the second support 21, two sides of the middle support 71 are respectively provided with a swing lug 72, a connecting rod 73, a movable limiter 74, a sliding rail slide block 75 and a fender positioning pin 76, the swing lug 72, the connecting rod 73 and the sliding rail slide block 75 are sequentially connected, a fixed end of the sliding rail slide block 75 is mounted on the second support 21, a movable end of the sliding rail slide block 75 is respectively connected with the connecting rod 73 and the fender positioning pin 76, the movable limiter 74 is mounted on a movable end of the sliding rail slide block 75, so that the movable end of the sliding rail slide block 75 can be elastically reset after movement (the positions of the middle support 71 and the sliding rail slide block 75 are fixed, the middle support 71 can rotate, and the swing lug 72 and the connecting rod 73 can both move, see fig. 6);

when the upper layer positioning device 2 is placed on the vehicle body, the fender positioning pins 76 at two sides of the centering positioning mechanism 22 are abutted with the fenders at two sides of the vehicle body, and as the fender pitches of vehicles in different batches have fluctuation differences, when the fender pitches at two sides of the vehicle body are reduced, the fender positioning pins 76 move inwards, so that the connecting rods 73 at two sides of the swing lugs 72 synchronously shrink inwards; when the fender spacing on the two sides of the vehicle body is increased, the fender positioning pins 76 move outwards (the movable ends of the sliding rail sliding blocks 75 can be elastically reset by the movable limiters 74), so that the connecting rods 73 on the two sides of the swing lugs 72 synchronously open outwards; the contraction and expansion distances of the fender positioning pins 76 are the same, and because the middle support 71 is arranged at the center line position of the second support 21, the centering positioning mechanism 22 is always kept at the center position of the vehicle body when the fender positioning pins 76 move, thereby achieving the centering positioning effect of the upper positioning device 2, realizing the centering adjustment function of the engine cover for matching the distance change between the left and right fender of the vehicle body, and achieving the gap size requirement of the engine cover and the left and right fender.

Further, the hood telescopic pin positioning mechanism 23 includes: a hood positioning pin 81, a driver 82 for driving the hood positioning pin 81, and a second detection switch 83 for detecting whether the hood positioning pin 81 is in place; the driver 82 is mounted on the second bracket 21; the bonnet positioning pin 81 is mounted on the output end of the actuator 82; the second detection switch 83 is mounted on the actuator 82 on one side of the hood positioning pin 81.

In this embodiment, the actuator 82 includes conventional components such as a telescoping cylinder, a floating mechanism, and a slide rail slider; the engine cover positioning pin 81 is arranged on the output end of the driver 82 (see fig. 7), the engine cover is positioned in a telescopic advancing and retreating mode of the air cylinder, when the engine cover is placed on the vehicle body, the engine cover positioning pin 81 pneumatically stretches out and positions the engine cover, and after the engine cover is screwed by the automatic screwing device 3, the engine cover positioning pin 81 pneumatically withdraws, so that the engine cover can be opened manually; a second detection switch 83 is mounted on the actuator 82 and located on one side of the hood positioning pin 81 for detecting whether the hood positioning pin 81 is in place after assembly with the hood.

Further, the hood Y-direction centering mechanism 24 includes: a fixing seat 91, a body hole guide pin 92 for positioning a body, a Y-direction clearance block 93 for separating a hood and left and right body fenders, and a third detection switch 94 for detecting whether the hood is in place; the fixing seat 91 is mounted on the second bracket 21; the body hole guide pin 92 is provided on the fixing seat 91; the Y-direction gap block 93 is mounted on the fixed seat 91 and is positioned at one side of the vehicle body hole guide pin 92; the third detection switch 94 is mounted on the fixing base 91 and located on the other side of the body hole guide pin 92.

In the present embodiment, when the upper layer positioning device 2 is placed on the vehicle body, the vehicle body hole guide pin 92 of the hood Y-direction centering mechanism 24 is inserted into the positioning hole on the vehicle body to achieve positioning of the upper layer positioning device 2 on the vehicle body; the Y-direction gap block 93 adopts a standard distance gap block, and the Y-direction gap block 93 is arranged at the uppermost end of the fixed seat 91 and is used for separating the engine cover from the left and right fender of the vehicle body so as to achieve the integral Y-direction positioning of the engine cover on the vehicle body and ensure that the gap between the engine cover and the left and right fender of the vehicle body is better matched with the face difference; the third detection switch 94 may be used to detect whether the hood is in place after positioning and loading on the vehicle body (see fig. 8).

Further, the automatic tightening device 3 includes: an adjusting seat 31, a tightening gun 32 for mounting a screw to fix the hood to the vehicle body, a planar floating mechanism 33 that can adjust the operating position of the tightening gun 32, and a guide 34 for guiding a hood hinge; the adjusting seat 31 is mounted on the second bracket 21; one end of the plane floating mechanism 33 is arranged on the adjusting seat 31, and the other end of the plane floating mechanism 33 is connected with the tightening gun 32; the guide 34 is mounted at the end of the planar float mechanism 33.

In the present embodiment, the screw sleeve 36 is provided at the output end of the tightening gun 32, and the tightening gun 32 can automatically tighten the screws on the engine cover by driving the screw sleeve 36; the plane floating mechanism 33 is further provided with a tightening gun clamp 35, wherein the tightening gun clamp 35 is used for fixing the tightening gun 32, the screw sleeve 36 adopts a hexagonal sleeve and spring combined structure and is used for assisting the tightening gun 32 in performing screw tightening action, the screw sleeve 36 can compensate screw tightening stroke, the screw is elastically pressed above the threaded hole, and screw tightening stroke compensation is realized (see fig. 9 and 10);

the adjusting seat 31 adopts a gasket adjusting mechanism, and a spanner on the tightening gun 32 is primarily adjusted through a gasket to be matched with the position of a screw; the plane floating mechanism 33 adopts a plane bearing combined with a ball plunger structure, an arc-shaped groove in contact with a plunger ball is added, the plunger ball swings in the arc-shaped groove, the swing amount of the XY plane of the wrench is limited to +/-2 mm by the arc-shaped groove, the alignment error of the wrench and a screw is compensated, and meanwhile, the elastic plunger can ensure that the wrench automatically resets to an initial position after the tightening operation of the wrench is completed.

Further, the T-shaped hard arm lifting device 4 includes: a lifting cylinder 41 for driving the first bracket 11 to move up and down, a traveling frame 42 for driving the lifting cylinder 41 to move horizontally, and an auxiliary device 43 for assisting the lifting cylinder 41 to work; the walking frame 42 is movably arranged at the lower end of the production line walking track; one end of the lifting cylinder 41 is mounted on the walking frame 42, and the other end of the lifting cylinder 41 is connected with the first bracket 11; one end of the auxiliary device 43 is mounted on the traveling frame 42, and the other end of the auxiliary device 43 is connected to the lifting cylinder 41.

In this embodiment, the auxiliary device 43 mainly includes conventional components such as a gas tank, an electric cabinet, an engineering drag chain, and an aluminum bracket, and the auxiliary device 43 is used for assisting the electric control connection relationship between the external electric control device and the lifting cylinder 41 and the traveling frame 42, which is the prior art and will not be described herein;

the two ends of the travelling frame 42 are respectively connected with a production line travelling rail and a lifting cylinder 41, the first bracket 11 is arranged on the movable end of the lifting cylinder 41 (see figure 11), and when the travelling frame 42 moves at the lower end of the production line travelling rail, the lower layer positioning device 1 and the upper layer positioning device 2 can be driven to move horizontally integrally, so that the effect of transverse movement of the loader on the production line is achieved; the movable end of the lifting cylinder 41 can drive the lower layer positioning device 1 and the upper layer positioning device 2 to move up and down integrally, so that the longitudinal movement effect of the harness on the production line is achieved.

The automatic engine cover tightening tool has the advantages of high equipment assembly precision, high automation degree and high production efficiency.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and all technical solutions belonging to the concept of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that modifications and adaptations to the present invention may occur to one skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present invention and are intended to be within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An automatic hood tightening harness comprising: the automobile comprises a lower layer positioning device for positioning an automobile body, an upper layer positioning device for positioning an engine cover and left and right wing plates of the automobile body, an automatic tightening device for fixing the engine cover on the automobile body, a T-shaped hard arm lifting device for driving the lower layer positioning device to move up and down, and a plurality of floating connecting devices;

one end of the floating connecting device is connected with the lower layer positioning device, and the other end of the floating connecting device is connected with the upper layer positioning device; one end of the T-shaped hard arm lifting device is arranged at the lower end of the production line walking track, and the other end of the T-shaped hard arm lifting device is connected with the lower layer positioning device; the automatic tightening device is arranged on the upper layer positioning device.

2. The hood automatic tightening harness according to claim 1, wherein the lower layer positioning means includes: a first bracket; the first bracket is provided with a vehicle body Z-direction supporting and clamping mechanism, a first vehicle body Z-direction floating supporting mechanism, an X-direction positioning plate, a horizontal limiting mechanism and a first detection mechanism for detecting whether an upper layer positioning device is in place or not;

the first bracket is arranged on the movable end of the T-shaped hard arm lifting device; the vehicle body Z-direction supporting and clamping mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the first bracket; the first vehicle body Z-direction floating support mechanism is arranged on the first bracket; the X-direction guide positioning plate is arranged at the end part of the first bracket; the horizontal limiting mechanism is arranged on the central axis of the first bracket; the first detection mechanism is arranged on the first bracket and is positioned at one side of the X-direction guide positioning plate; the floating connection is mounted on the first bracket.

3. The hood automatic tightening harness according to claim 2, wherein the vehicle body Z-direction support clamping mechanism includes: the Z-direction clamping device comprises an air cylinder connecting seat, a Z-direction supporting block for supporting a vehicle body, a Z-direction clamping block for clamping the vehicle body, a clamping air cylinder for driving the Z-direction clamping block and a first detection switch for detecting whether the Z-direction supporting block is in place or not;

the cylinder connecting seat is arranged on the first bracket; the clamping cylinder is arranged on the cylinder connecting seat, and the output end of the clamping cylinder is connected with the Z-direction clamping block; the Z-direction supporting block is arranged on one side of the cylinder connecting seat; the first detection switch is arranged at the end part of the Z-direction supporting block.

4. The hood automatic tightening harness according to claim 3, wherein the floating connection means comprises: the ball can drive the upper layer positioning device to move up and down; the floating lifting cylinder is arranged on the first bracket; one end of the ball is arranged on the telescopic end of the floating lifting cylinder, and the other end of the ball is sleeved at the lower end of the upper layer positioning device.

5. The hood automatic tightening harness according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the upper layer positioning means includes: a second bracket; the second bracket is provided with a centering positioning mechanism, an engine hood telescopic pin positioning mechanism, an engine hood Y-direction centering mechanism, an engine hood X-direction precise guiding mechanism, a second vehicle body Z-direction floating supporting mechanism, an engine hood Z-direction supporting block, a vehicle body Z-direction supporting block and a horizontal limit adjusting mechanism;

the ball is arranged at the lower end of the second bracket; the centering and positioning mechanism is arranged on the second bracket; the engine cover telescopic pin positioning mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the second bracket; the engine cover Y-direction centering mechanism is arranged on the second bracket; the engine cover X fine guide mechanisms are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the second bracket; the second vehicle body Z-direction floating support mechanism is arranged on the second bracket; the engine cover Z-direction supporting blocks are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the second bracket; the Z-direction support blocks of the vehicle body are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the second bracket; one end of the horizontal limit adjusting mechanism is arranged on the second bracket, and the other end of the horizontal limit adjusting mechanism is connected with the horizontal limit mechanism; the automatic tightening device is arranged on the second bracket.

6. The hood automatic tightening harness according to claim 5, wherein the centering positioning mechanism comprises: the middle support, the swing lug, the connecting rod, the movable limiter, the sliding rail slide block and the fender positioning pin;

the middle support is arranged on the second bracket; the swing lugs are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the middle support; one end of the connecting rod is connected with the swing lug, and the other end of the connecting rod is connected with the sliding rail slide block; one end of the sliding rail sliding block is arranged on the second bracket, and the other end of the sliding rail sliding block is connected with the fender positioning pin; the movable limiter is arranged at the movable end of the sliding rail sliding block.

7. The hood automatic tightening harness according to claim 6, wherein the hood telescopic pin positioning mechanism comprises: a hood positioning pin, a driver for driving the hood positioning pin, and a second detection switch for detecting whether the hood positioning pin is in place;

the driver is mounted on the second bracket; the engine cover positioning pin is arranged on the output end of the driver; the second detection switch is mounted on the driver and located on one side of the hood positioning pin.

8. The hood automatic tightening harness according to claim 7, wherein the hood Y-direction centering mechanism comprises: the automobile body hole guide pin is used for positioning an automobile body, the Y-direction gap block is used for separating the engine cover from the left and right fender plates of the automobile body, and the third detection switch is used for detecting whether the engine cover is in place or not;

the fixed seat is arranged on the second bracket; the automobile body hole guide pin is arranged on the fixed seat; the Y-direction gap block is arranged on the fixed seat and is positioned at one side of the guide pin of the automobile body hole; the third detection switch is arranged on the fixed seat and positioned on the other side of the guide pin of the automobile body hole.

9. The hood automatic tightening device according to claim 8, characterized in that the automatic tightening device comprises: an adjusting seat, a tightening gun for installing a screw to fix the engine cover to the vehicle body, a plane floating mechanism capable of adjusting the working position of the tightening gun, and a guide piece for guiding an engine cover hinge;

the adjusting seat is arranged on the second bracket; one end of the plane floating mechanism is arranged on the adjusting seat, and the other end of the plane floating mechanism is connected with the tightening gun; the guide member is mounted at an end of the planar floating mechanism.

10. The hood automatic tightening harness according to claim 9, wherein the T-shaped hard arm lifting device comprises: the lifting device comprises a lifting cylinder for driving the first bracket to move up and down, a walking frame for driving the lifting cylinder to move horizontally, and an auxiliary device for assisting the lifting cylinder to work;

the walking frame is movably arranged at the lower end of the walking track of the production line; one end of the lifting cylinder is arranged on the walking frame, and the other end of the lifting cylinder is connected with the first bracket; one end of the auxiliary device is arranged on the walking frame, and the other end of the auxiliary device is connected with the lifting cylinder.

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