CN116197214A - Low-nitrogen pyrolysis recovery method and system for solid waste in paper mill - Google Patents
Low-nitrogen pyrolysis recovery method and system for solid waste in paper mill Download PDFInfo
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- CN116197214A CN116197214A CN202310011805.5A CN202310011805A CN116197214A CN 116197214 A CN116197214 A CN 116197214A CN 202310011805 A CN202310011805 A CN 202310011805A CN 116197214 A CN116197214 A CN 116197214A
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 55
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
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- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/30—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving mechanical treatment
- B09B3/35—Shredding, crushing or cutting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/30—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving mechanical treatment
- B09B3/38—Stirring or kneading
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/40—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving thermal treatment, e.g. evaporation
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/50—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving radiation, e.g. electro-magnetic waves
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/07—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of solid raw materials consisting of synthetic polymeric materials, e.g. tyres
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
- C10B57/08—Non-mechanical pretreatment of the charge, e.g. desulfurization
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
- C10B57/08—Non-mechanical pretreatment of the charge, e.g. desulfurization
- C10B57/10—Drying
Abstract
The invention discloses a low-nitrogen pyrolysis recovery method and a low-nitrogen pyrolysis recovery system for solid waste in a paper mill, which relate to the technical field of low-nitrogen pyrolysis recovery for solid waste in a paper mill and comprise the following steps: step 1: shredding the de-ferrilized sediment so that the sediment forms shredded materials; step 2: removing paper pulp attached to the torn materials, collecting the removed paper pulp for recycling, and retaining plastic substances; step 3: the invention separates paper pulp contained in the sediment by carrying out de-ferrization and shredding treatment on the sediment garbage to obtain plastic substances, then carries out low-nitrogen pyrolysis treatment on the plastic substances, has low waste gas production, more thorough organic matter treatment and low operation cost, has simple whole equipment and easy operation, and can realize automatic continuous operation in process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of low-nitrogen pyrolysis recovery of solid waste in paper factories, in particular to a low-nitrogen pyrolysis recovery method and system for the solid waste in the paper factories.
Background
With the increasing emphasis of the environment protection industry by countries, government paper mills in some areas self-produce and self-treat waste generated in the factory, and no longer allow the waste to be entrusted to related power plants and landfill plants for treatment. A medium-scale paper mill is used for disposing more than 200 tons of paper mill waste every day, the disposal amount is large, the proportion of the bottom sediment in the traditional waste plastic cleaning process of the paper mill is about 30 percent, and the components in the bottom sediment are separated, wherein the proportion of plastic is 60 percent, and the proportion of fiber boards, paper pulp and sediment is 40 percent. In terms of the garbage production amount of 200 tons/day in a typical paper mill, more than 120 tons of plastic garbage can be produced.
At present, there are two conventional treatment processes for the bottom sediment in the production, the first is to make fuel rods for burning, paper pulp is an important raw material for paper mill, and burning can bring about the loss of yield of paper mill. If the plastic component in the fuel rod is too high, harmful gases such as chlorine-containing compounds and dioxin are generated in the plastic combustion process, so that the fuel rod causes great harm to the environment. The main component of the paper mill garbage is organic matters, the boiler of the paper mill is a general conventional coal-fired boiler, the coal-fired boiler does not have the qualification of burning the organic matters, if a special biomass boiler is rebuilt, the equipment investment is huge, the investment and the return are serious and are not in proportion, the enterprise pressure is huge, and the environmental protection pressure of the local government is also improved.
The second treatment process is to sort the plastics and then melt and granulate the plastics. However, because the components of the waste plastics in the paper mill are complex, the plastic after granulation has low strength and poor toughness, and can only be used for producing products such as fruit bars at the lowest end. After sorting, the residue left is removed again for incineration, which results in 10% slag. The treatment process has the advantages of numerous equipment, complex flow, high requirements on operators, production of a large amount of organic waste gas, dioxin and huge environmental protection investment.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects, the invention provides the low-nitrogen pyrolysis recovery method and the system for the solid waste in the paper mill, the invention breaks away paper pulp contained in the bottom sediment through the shredding treatment after the de-ironing treatment of the bottom sediment garbage, so as to obtain plastic substances, and then carries out the low-nitrogen pyrolysis treatment on the plastic substances.
A low-nitrogen pyrolysis recovery method for paper mill solid waste comprises the following steps:
step 1: shredding the de-ferrilized sediment so that the sediment forms shredded materials;
step 2: removing paper pulp attached to the torn materials, collecting the removed paper pulp for recycling, and retaining plastic substances;
step 3: and (3) carrying out low-nitrogen pyrolysis treatment on the plastic material, and collecting waste residue ash and gas generated after pyrolysis for recycling.
Preferably, in the step 1, the de-ironing process is to screen iron materials in the bottom slag by using a magnetic separator.
Preferably, in the step 2, the pulp removing process is to rotate the torn pieces at a high speed by using a paper-plastic separator to separate the pulp attached to the torn pieces.
Preferably, in the step 3, the plastic material is subjected to deep drying treatment before low nitrogen cracking, so that the water content of the plastic material is reduced to 20-30%.
Preferably, in the step 3, after the deep drying treatment, the plastic material is further subjected to a preheating treatment in a plurality of temperature intervals from high to low in sequence, and the plastic material is subjected to low nitrogen pyrolysis after the preheating treatment.
Preferably, the preheating treatment is performed by melting the plastic material under the heating action of the external heat, maintaining the preheating temperature at or above a value at which the chlorine-containing plastic material decomposes chlorine-containing gas, and performing a removal operation for the chlorine-containing gas.
Preferably, in the step 3, the conditions of the low nitrogen cracking include: make-up air and steam as a mixed gasifying agent; the cracking temperature is controlled between 500 ℃ and 700 ℃; the supplementary water vapor amount is 10-30% of the air amount in the pyrolysis gasification system; the total content of oxygen in the additional supplementary air is 10-25% of the oxygen required for the complete combustion of the waste plastics.
Preferably, the low nitrogen cracking condition further comprises the step of adopting a bed material as a reaction medium of the low nitrogen cracking, wherein the bed material is a light fluidization heat carrier and a coking inhibitor, and the components of the bed material are any combination of one or more of silicon-containing compounds, alkaline earth metal salts, phosphorus-containing compounds and metal oxides.
A low-nitrogen pyrolysis recovery system for paper mill solid waste comprises the following components:
the shredder, magnet separator, paper-plastic separating centrifuge, low nitrogen schizolysis system, the magnet separator is used for carrying out the de-ironing operation to the sediment, the shredder is used for carrying out shredding to the sediment to produce the shredded material, the paper-plastic separating centrifuge is used for carrying out paper pulp desorption to the shredded material, and remains plastics material, the plastics material takes place pyrolysis reaction in low nitrogen schizolysis system.
Preferably, the paper-plastic separator further comprises a conveying device for conveying the torn materials into the paper-plastic separator, and a drying device for drying the plastic materials.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
according to the invention, the waste of the sediment is subjected to iron removal and then shredding treatment, paper pulp contained in the sediment is separated to obtain plastic substances, and then the plastic substances are subjected to low-nitrogen pyrolysis treatment, so that the waste gas is low in production amount, the organic substances are thoroughly treated, the operation cost is low, the whole equipment is simple and easy to operate, the automatic continuous operation can be realized in the process, the number of workers and the labor intensity are greatly reduced, and meanwhile, the recovery treatment of the paper pulp and the waste gas can bring higher economic benefit to the operation of a paper mill.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. Like elements or portions are generally identified by like reference numerals throughout the several figures. In the drawings, elements or portions thereof are not necessarily drawn to scale.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a low nitrogen pyrolysis recovery method for paper mill solid waste provided by the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a low-nitrogen pyrolysis recovery system for paper mill solid waste provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the technical scheme of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following examples are only for more clearly illustrating the technical aspects of the present invention, and thus are merely examples, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
It is noted that unless otherwise indicated, technical or scientific terms used herein should be given the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains.
As shown in fig. 1, a low nitrogen cracking recovery method of solid waste in paper mill,
step 1: shredding the de-ferrilized sediment so that the sediment forms shredded materials;
step 2: removing paper pulp attached to the torn materials, collecting the removed paper pulp for recycling, and retaining plastic substances;
step 3: and (3) carrying out low-nitrogen pyrolysis treatment on the plastic material, and collecting waste residue ash and gas generated after pyrolysis for recycling.
The method comprises the steps of carrying out de-ironing and shredding treatment on the sediment garbage, separating paper pulp contained in the sediment to obtain plastic substances, carrying out low-nitrogen pyrolysis treatment on the plastic substances, carrying out actual operation on the plastic substances, carrying out anoxic combustion on the garbage under the treatment of the steps, taking air and steam as mixed gasifying agents, generating waste gas only with 10% -20% of the generated waste gas, and carrying out actual operation on the waste gas, wherein nitrogen oxides and dioxin are not generated in a large amount, the organic substances are thoroughly treated, the impurities generated under the treatment of the steps are only small in inorganic substances and less than 3% of fly ash, the operation cost is low, the whole equipment is simple and easy to operate, the process can realize automatic continuous operation, the number of workers and the labor intensity are greatly reduced, meanwhile, the recovery treatment on the paper pulp and the waste gas can bring higher economic benefits to the operation of paper mills, and for large paper mills, the gas generated after the combustion of the plastic substances at low temperature can be used for generating electricity generation treatment, the paper mill and the national grid can be used for prompting the grid connection of the paper mill, and the separated paper mill can also be used as a heat source for supplying heat source for the paper mill where the paper mill can be turned over.
More specifically, in the step 1, the de-ironing process is to screen iron materials in the bottom sediment by using a magnetic separator.
In this embodiment, the process of removing iron to the sediment, can get rid of the iron-containing material in the sediment, because follow-up shredder is in shredding process, need adopt the blade high-speed to cut to carry out shredding to the sediment, and the shredding granularity of shredder is less, the low nitrogen cracking process of follow-up plastics material goes on of being convenient for more, if the sediment exists the iron-containing material in shredding process, then the iron-containing material produces wearing and tearing to the blade of shredder easily when shredding in the shredder, thereby lead to the cutting ability of shredder poor, make plastics material have the problem of shredding granularity big or shredding granularity inequality, the shredding effect that can make the shredding piece poor when shredding granularity is big, and shredding grain inequality then appears the phenomenon of shredding the piece group in the cracking process easily.
More specifically, in the step 2, the pulp removing process is to use a paper-plastic separator to rotate the torn pieces at a high speed so as to separate the pulp attached to the torn pieces.
When the paper-plastic separator separates paper pulp on the crushed aggregates, the paper pulp attached to the plastic substances is separated through the centrifugal force and the hydraulic action generated by the rotation of the blades of the paper-plastic separator, SO that the subsequent reaction of the paper pulp in a cracking furnace along with the plastic substances to generate H2S, SO, SO3 and other gaseous pollutants is avoided, the separated paper pulp liquid is pumped into the micro-filter along with the water body, the paper pulp and the water are separated through the micro-filter, the recovered paper pulp is sent to paper making, the waste water is treated by the water treatment system and then returns for repeated use, SO that the gaseous pollutants can be avoided in the plastic recovery process, the separated clean paper pulp is recycled, the environmental pollution is low, the energy consumption can be saved, and the manufacturing cost of a paper mill can be reduced through the material recycling.
More specifically, in the step 3, the plastic material is subjected to deep drying treatment before low nitrogen pyrolysis, so that the water content of the plastic material is reduced to 20-30%.
The deep drying treatment is carried out in a deep drying bin in a mode of matching the screw extruder with the steam coil, and when the deep drying treatment is carried out, the water content of the plastic is reduced from 50% -60% to 20% -30%, and the time for subsequent low-nitrogen pyrolysis is shortened by reducing the water content of the plastic, so that the influence on the pyrolysis condition in the low-nitrogen pyrolysis reaction furnace after the water content of the plastic is increased is avoided.
More specifically, in the step 3, after the deep drying treatment, the plastic material is further subjected to preheating treatment in a plurality of temperature intervals from high to low in sequence, and the plastic material is subjected to low-nitrogen pyrolysis after the preheating treatment.
In this embodiment, the several temperature intervals include 280 degrees celsius, 320 degrees celsius, 400 degrees celsius, 480 degrees celsius, 530 degrees celsius, and the segmented temperature raising interval can decompose chlorine-containing plastics in the plastic material to release hydrogen chloride.
More specifically, during the preheating treatment, the plastic material is melted under the heating action of the external heat, the preheating temperature is kept at a temperature value of the chlorine-containing plastic material for decomposing chlorine-containing gas and above, and the chlorine-containing gas is removed.
The generated hydrogen chloride gas is purged by nitrogen, and the process of purging the hydrogen chloride by the nitrogen can reduce the explosion risks possibly generated in the purging and preheating steps.
More specifically, in the step 3, the conditions of the low nitrogen cracking include: make-up air and steam as a mixed gasifying agent; the cracking temperature is controlled between 500 ℃ and 700 ℃; the supplementary water vapor amount is 10-30% of the air amount in the pyrolysis gasification system; the total content of oxygen in the additional supplementary air is 10-25% of the oxygen required for the complete combustion of the waste plastics.
The effect of the supplementary air and steam in the low-nitrogen pyrolysis process is that the waste plastics do not need to be subjected to excessively fine pretreatment; thermal pyrolysis, also known as destructive distillation, refers to a chemical process in which solid organic matter is thermally decomposed in the absence of oxygen to ultimately produce combustible gas, liquid oil, and solid char. According to different heating temperatures, three types of heating methods are classified: pyrolysis is carried out at a high temperature of more than 900 ℃; the temperature of 600 ℃ to 900 ℃ is medium temperature pyrolysis; low temperature pyrolysis below 600 ℃. This process, which uses a liquid product as the target product, is also called liquefaction process. The liquefaction process is the main process of the thermal cracking process, and is also the main process of the catalytic cracking process, the hydrocracking process, the blending cracking process and the supercritical water process. The liquid products produced by the liquefaction process are mainly oils, including wax oil, heavy oil, diesel oil, gasoline, solvent oil, naphtha and the like, and the contents of various oils are different according to different cracking methods. The market value of the oil products is higher than that of the synthetic gas and the solid carbon, so that the liquefaction process has better economic benefit than that of the gasification and carbonization processes, which is also the main reason that the liquefaction process is better developed than that of the gasification and carbonization processes, the pyrolysis temperature is controlled between 500 ℃ and 700 ℃, the main product is liquid oil, the byproducts are combustible gas and solid carbon, and a large amount of combustible gases such as carbon monoxide, hydrogen, methane and the like can be released from plastic substances.
More specifically, the low-nitrogen cracking condition further comprises the step of adopting a bed material as a reaction medium for low-nitrogen cracking, wherein the bed material is a light fluidization heat carrier and a coking inhibitor, and the components of the bed material are any combination of one or more of silicon-containing compounds, alkaline earth metal salts, phosphorus-containing compounds and metal oxides.
The particle size of the bed material is 0.3-0.5mm, and the adding mass ratio of the bed material to the quartz sand and limestone powder is 7:1.
as shown in fig. 2, a low-nitrogen pyrolysis recovery system for solid waste in paper mill comprises the following components:
the shredder, magnet separator, paper-plastic separating centrifuge, low nitrogen schizolysis system, the magnet separator is used for carrying out the de-ironing operation to the sediment, the shredder is used for carrying out shredding to the sediment to produce the shredded material, the paper-plastic separating centrifuge is used for carrying out paper pulp desorption to the shredded material, and remains plastics material, the plastics material takes place pyrolysis reaction in low nitrogen schizolysis system.
The output of magnet separator is connected with the input of shredder, and the output of shredder is connected with the input of paper-plastic separating centrifuge, and the output of paper-plastic separating centrifuge is connected with low nitrogen schizolysis system's input.
More specifically, the paper-plastic separator also comprises a conveying device and a drying device, wherein the conveying device is used for conveying the torn materials into the paper-plastic separator, and the drying device is used for drying the plastic materials.
The conveying device comprises a chain plate conveyor and a belt conveyor, wherein the chain plate conveyor is used for conveying the sediment to the input end of the magnetic separator, and the belt conveyor is used for connecting the output end of the shredder with the input end of the paper-plastic separator; the output end of the chain plate conveyor is connected with the input end of the magnetic separator, the output end of the shredder is connected with the input end of the belt conveyor, and the output end of the belt conveyor is connected with the input end of the paper-plastic separator;
the deep drying bin is provided with a screw extruder and a steam coil, a spin dryer is further arranged in front of the drying device and is used for spin-drying and dehydrating plastic materials, the output end of the paper-plastic separator is connected with the input end of the spin dryer, the output end of the spin dryer is connected with the input end of the deep drying bin, and the output end of the deep drying bin is connected with the input and output end of the low-nitrogen cracking system.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention, and are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims and description.
Claims (10)
1. The low-nitrogen pyrolysis recovery method for the solid waste in the paper mill is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1: shredding the de-ferrilized sediment so that the sediment forms shredded materials;
step 2: removing paper pulp attached to the torn materials, collecting the removed paper pulp for recycling, and retaining plastic substances;
step 3: and (3) carrying out low-nitrogen pyrolysis treatment on the plastic material, and collecting waste residue ash and gas generated after pyrolysis for recycling.
2. The method for recycling low nitrogen content in solid waste in paper mill according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1, the de-ironing process is to screen iron materials in the bottom sediment by using a magnetic separator.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 2, the pulp removing process is to rotate the shredded materials at a high speed by using a paper-plastic separator to separate the pulp attached to the shredded materials.
4. The method for recycling low nitrogen content waste in paper mill according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3, the plastic material is subjected to deep drying treatment before low nitrogen decomposition, so that the water content of the plastic material is reduced to 20-30%.
5. The method for recycling low nitrogen content in solid waste in paper mill according to claim 4, wherein in step 3, after the deep drying treatment, the plastic material is further subjected to preheating treatment in a plurality of temperature intervals from high to low in sequence, and the plastic material is subjected to low nitrogen content pyrolysis after being subjected to preheating treatment.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the plastic material is melted by the heat of the external heat during the preheating treatment, the preheating temperature is maintained at or above a temperature at which the chlorine-containing plastic material decomposes chlorine-containing gas, and the chlorine-containing gas is removed.
7. The method for recycling low nitrogen content of solid waste in paper mill according to claim 1, wherein in the step 3, the conditions of low nitrogen content pyrolysis include: make-up air and steam as a mixed gasifying agent; the cracking temperature is controlled between 500 ℃ and 700 ℃; the supplementary water vapor amount is 10-30% of the air amount in the pyrolysis gasification system; the total content of oxygen in the additional supplementary air is 10-25% of the oxygen required for the complete combustion of the waste plastics.
8. The method for recycling low nitrogen content of solid waste in paper mill according to claim 7, wherein the condition of low nitrogen content cracking further comprises the step of adopting a bed material as a reaction medium of low nitrogen content cracking, wherein the bed material is a light fluidization heat carrier and a coking inhibitor, and the composition of the bed material is any combination of one or more of silicon-containing compounds, alkaline earth metal salts, phosphorus-containing compounds and metal oxides.
9. A low nitrogen pyrolysis recovery system for paper mill solid waste, characterized by comprising the method for low nitrogen pyrolysis recovery of paper mill solid waste according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising the following steps:
the shredder, magnet separator, paper-plastic separating centrifuge, low nitrogen schizolysis system, the magnet separator is used for carrying out the de-ironing operation to the sediment, the shredder is used for carrying out shredding to the sediment to produce the shredded material, the paper-plastic separating centrifuge is used for carrying out paper pulp desorption to the shredded material, and remains plastics material, the plastics material takes place pyrolysis reaction in low nitrogen schizolysis system.
10. The low nitrogen pyrolysis recovery system for solid waste in paper mill of claim 9 further comprising a conveyor for feeding shredded materials into a paper-plastic separator and a dryer for drying the plastic material.
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