CN116193295A - Multi-element Internet of things data fusion and unified data processing method - Google Patents
Multi-element Internet of things data fusion and unified data processing method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The embodiment of the disclosure provides a multi-element internet of things data fusion and unified data processing method. The method comprises the steps that an Internet of things gateway adaptively collects sensing equipment data and performs matching filtering on the collected data; the gateway of the Internet of things performs data fusion on the matched and filtered data, and performs real-time analysis and calculation and data persistence access; and the gateway of the Internet of things transmits the fused data to the cloud platform of the Internet of things through a unified application layer protocol. In this way, unified scheduling and processing of multi-source heterogeneous data can be realized through cooperative control of the active power distribution network comprehensive edge proxy.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the field of internet of things, in particular to the technical field of multi-element internet of things data fusion and unified data processing.
Background
Along with the rapid development of the internet of things technology, the data acquisition demands of various intelligent terminals are continuously increasing. The traditional gateway program development of the internet of things is mainly developed for specific business scenes and data protocols. Because the data transmission protocols and formats of various intelligent devices are different, if the devices, protocols or service scenes change, corresponding gateway programs are required to be changed, the data acquisition of each device is required to be subjected to targeted adaptation development, the acquisition devices cannot be reused, and the complexity of secondary development is caused; the development period and the development difficulty are both relatively large. An increase in the amount of data collected also results in an increase in data transmission bandwidth and increases cloud pressure.
Disclosure of Invention
The disclosure provides a method for data fusion and unified data processing of a multi-element Internet of things.
According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, a method for data fusion and unified data processing of a multi-element internet of things is provided. The method comprises the following steps: the gateway of the Internet of things adaptively collects sensing equipment data and performs matching filtering on the collected data; the gateway of the Internet of things performs data fusion on the matched and filtered data, and performs real-time analysis and calculation and data persistence access; and the gateway of the Internet of things transmits the fused data to the cloud platform of the Internet of things through a unified application layer protocol.
Aspects and any possible implementation manner as described above, further provide an implementation manner, where the gateway adaptive acquisition of sensing device data of the internet of things includes: and acquiring various device data in real time according to the data acquisition task issued by the cloud platform of the Internet of things.
The aspect and any possible implementation manner as described above further provide an implementation manner, where the data fusion of the matching filtered data by the gateway of the internet of things includes: the gateway of the Internet of things realizes acquisition model fusion and uploading model fusion according to a static model issued by a data model service subscribed by the cloud platform of the Internet of things; real-time analytics computing and data persistence access includes: the gateway of the Internet of things executes a service algorithm according to the equipment and the data service subject concerned by the algorithm subscribed by the cloud platform of the Internet of things, and completes data analysis and association processing; and executing corresponding access/fetch service on the fused data according to the equipment subscribed by the Internet of things cloud platform and the data service theme.
As described above, in one aspect and any possible implementation manner, further providing an implementation manner, the transmitting, by the internet of things gateway, the fused data to the internet of things cloud platform through a unified application layer protocol includes: and the Internet of things gateway subscribes the configured equipment and the data uploading service theme according to the Internet of things cloud platform, acquires corresponding uploading model data and performs protocol conversion uploading.
Aspects and any one of the possible implementations as described above, further provide an implementation, the protocol conversion includes: and carrying out protocol self-adaptive conversion of the uploading model data.
In the aspect and any possible implementation manner as described above, there is further provided an implementation manner, where the sensing device performs device encoding and data encoding according to a unified preset device encoding and data encoding specification; the model is modeled according to a preset data modeling specification.
The aspects and any possible implementation manner as described above further provide an implementation manner, wherein the model is downloaded to the gateway of the internet of things after training of the cloud platform of the internet of things is completed; the internet of things gateway utilizes real-time data to train the model subsequently.
In aspects and any one of the possible implementations described above, there is further provided an implementation in which the device code is a perceived device address, and the data code includes a data body and a data item.
Aspects and any one of the possible implementations as described above, further providing an implementation, the method further including: modeling an object model of the Internet of things equipment; the object model comprises basic information and equipment service information of the Internet of things equipment.
Aspects and any one of the possible implementations as described above, further providing an implementation, the method further including: and establishing an association relation between the monitored object of the object model and the unique ID of the power grid resource of the holographic power grid model, and fusing the object model of the Internet of things equipment with the power grid holographic model.
It should be understood that what is described in this summary is not intended to limit the critical or essential features of the embodiments of the disclosure nor to limit the scope of the disclosure. Other features of the present disclosure will become apparent from the following description.
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The above and other features, advantages and aspects of embodiments of the present disclosure will become more apparent by reference to the following detailed description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. For a better understanding of the present disclosure, and without limiting the disclosure thereto, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements, wherein:
FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of an exemplary operating environment in which embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented;
FIG. 2 illustrates a schematic diagram of a multi-component Internet of things data fusion and unified data processing method in which embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented;
FIG. 3 illustrates an object model structural frame schematic in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 illustrates an Internet of things gateway analysis computation schematic according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 5 illustrates a schematic diagram of a data model cloud-edge collaboration mechanism, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
For the purposes of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present disclosure, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in this disclosure without inventive faculty, are intended to be within the scope of this disclosure.
In addition, the term "and/or" herein is merely an association relationship describing an association object, and means that three relationships may exist, for example, a and/or B may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone. In addition, the character "/" herein generally indicates that the front and rear associated objects are an "or" relationship.
FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic diagram of an exemplary operating environment 100 in which embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented;
in some embodiments, the edge proxy terminal (gateway of the internet of things) performs unified transmission on the data of each sensor device through a unified transmission protocol, and uploads the data to the cloud platform of the internet of things for processing by the digital twin system platform.
In some embodiments, an edge proxy terminal (gateway of the internet of things) sends a control instruction issued by a cloud platform to photovoltaic, energy storage, adjustable load and electricity load, macroscopically regulates and controls the whole area, and implements regulation, control and integration of multiple ports.
Fig. 2 illustrates a schematic diagram of a multi-component internet of things data fusion and unified data processing method 200 in which embodiments of the present disclosure can be implemented.
At block 210, the gateway of the internet of things adaptively collects sensing device data and performs matched filtering on the collected data;
in some embodiments, communication is performed between the gateway device of the internet of things and the sensing device (intelligent sensor) based on a preset communication definition specification so as to collect sensing device data.
In some embodiments, taking an electric power internet of things device as an example, the sensing device comprises a charging pile, an air source air conditioner, a photovoltaic, a temperature and humidity sensor, a water immersion sensor, a smoke sensor, a video ball machine, an intelligent track robot, a power distribution medium voltage switch cabinet partial discharge monitoring sensor, an infrared imaging monitoring device, a transformer temperature measuring sensor and the like. The sensing devices form a sensing network.
The main access modes can be classified into wired access and wireless access.
In some embodiments, because the collected sensing information is encapsulated in different sensing networks by adopting different protocol encapsulation forms, soft isolation of data between different sensing networks is caused, on one hand, communication cannot be completed between the sensing networks which are physically connected with each other, and on the other hand, communication cannot be completed between the sensing networks and a core switching network, so that sensing data cannot be accessed remotely, therefore, the intelligent gateway of the internet of things needs to have the capability of heterogeneous network intercommunication, the capability of monitoring control management and the capability of being compatible with new node access; at the same time, all intelligent gateway nodes are required to use standardized communication modes. In summary, in combination with the application scenario of the internet of things, address allocation of sensing devices accessed by the internet of things is standardized, and communication between the intelligent gateway device and the downlink device is unified.
In some embodiments, the uniqueness of the internet of things device code and the normative of the data code are ensured according to the unified internet of things device data code specification, and support is provided for asset management and data modeling of the digital twin platform. The internet of things equipment data coding mainly comprises equipment coding and data coding, wherein the coding object comprises: the internet of things equipment comprises internet of things gateway equipment and sensing equipment, and the coding system of the internet of things equipment is as follows: device encoding: the method mainly encodes the Internet of things equipment and is used for identifying the unique identity code of the equipment in the digital twin platform. And (3) data coding: the method mainly comprises the step of carrying out standardized coding on the data capacity of the Internet of things equipment, wherein the standardized coding comprises data theme and data item definition. The data theme is mainly used for data classification and can be used for identifying different data types of the Internet of things equipment, for example, the data theme of the electric energy meter can be divided into operation data, meter reading data and alarm data. The data item is a data description of the smallest particle of the internet of things equipment, and is used for describing a specific data of the internet of things equipment, including a data name, a data description, a data type, a data length and the like, and is similar to a database data dictionary.
In some embodiments, the device code may be a perceived device address, i.e., a sensor device address; the sensor equipment addresses are distributed according to sensor manufacturers, categories and functions, the intelligent gateway is conventionally configured to provide multiple paths of RS485 serial ports and network ports, the intelligent gateway can be freely adapted, and sensors used in the Internet of things are uniformly accessed to the intelligent gateway equipment through the RS485 serial ports or the network ports. The address range of the RS485 communication sensor equipment is 1-128, and the address allocation principle allocates different addresses according to different manufacturers, as shown in table 1.
Table 1 distribution internet of things sensor address allocation table
Note that: the default address is the initial address of the setting device, and is modified according to the actual access condition in actual use.
In some embodiments, the data fusion of the internet of things device and the power grid primary device and the data fusion of the internet of things device and the holographic power grid model are realized by fusing the internet of things device with the holographic power grid model, for example, SG-CIM (national power grid enterprise public information model), so that a basic support is provided for using the internet of things device data for power grid business application. .
In some embodiments, the object model, that is, a data model defining feature information and service capabilities of the internet of things device, includes information such as device basic information, device services (attributes, events, commands), and the like. The equipment coding and data capability attribute of the object model complies with the coding rule of electric power internet of things equipment data coding specification, as shown in figure 3 of the accompanying drawings.
In some embodiments, object model modeling of the internet of things device is performed using an object-oriented method. Through the modeling of the object model, the digital twin platform can rapidly and comprehensively identify the Internet of things equipment and the service capacity thereof, and lays a foundation for rapid access of the Internet of things equipment.
In some embodiments, based on production system ledgers, SG-CIM (namely national power grid enterprise public information model) modeling specifications are adopted, and a holographic power grid model which mainly covers the fields of power generation, power transmission, power distribution and electricity utilization is constructed by using power primary equipment. And establishing an association relation between the monitored object of the object model and the unique ID of the power grid resource of the holographic power grid model, and realizing data fusion of the Internet of things equipment and the primary power grid equipment and between the object model and the holographic power grid model.
Based on the production system account equipment account of the power grid, carding equipment types and functional position structures of primary equipment of the main distribution network; then, a corresponding relation between the production ledger equipment category and the power grid SGCIM model is combed and established (for example, a Transformer of the production ledger is mapped to a Transformer object of the power grid SGCIM model), and meanwhile, data information (for example, a function position number, a superior function position number and the like) necessary for holographic modeling is combed from the ledger equipment; and generating a unified holographic power grid model according to the carded functional structure and data information of the primary equipment of the main distribution network and the mapping relation between the SG-CIM modeling specification and the production ledger equipment category and the power grid SG-CIM model. When modeling, the 'rdf: ID' (i.e. the unique ID of the power grid resource) in the holographic power grid model should be consistent with the functional position code of the production ledger. And in the equipment basic information of the equipment object model of the Internet of things, the monitoring object and the monitoring position information are expanded and used for describing the primary equipment of the power grid and the position information thereof monitored by the equipment of the Internet of things. And establishing an association relation between a monitoring object of the object model and an 'rdf: ID' (namely a unique ID of a power grid resource) of the holographic power grid model, so as to realize data fusion of the Internet of things equipment and the primary power grid equipment and data fusion of the object model and the holographic power grid model, and provide a basic support for using the data of the Internet of things equipment for power grid business application.
In some embodiments, the gateway device of the internet of things performs matched filtering on the collected data so as to perform later edge calculation; wherein the matched filtering comprises:
character string matching analysis: because of the self-configurability of the sensing device, matching resolution is required. Judging whether the acquired data are matched, if so, carrying out matching mode analysis; if not, carrying out non-matching mode analysis; and finally analyzing to obtain real data. The parsing is character string matching, and in order to facilitate data input and reading, byte matching is adopted to parse required bytes. The matching modes are mainly divided into a matching mode and a non-matching mode, wherein the matching mode is the overall matching of a box of data frames, such as 02 03 0405 06; the non-matching pattern is mainly used for long data frames and can be extracted by a data byte number shifting byte operation.
Edge data filtering: the edge data filtering mainly adopts two modes of increment threshold and maximum and minimum. The obtained data and the primary data are subjected to difference, the percentage of the difference value to the collected value is calculated, the data is reserved when the difference value is larger than the increment threshold value, and otherwise, the data is discarded; and comparing the analysis conversion result with a preset maximum value and a preset minimum value to judge whether the data is reserved or not by adopting a comparison method. So as to upload the reserved data to an internet of things cloud platform (power distribution networking platform).
In some embodiments, according to the southbound equipment data model, data collection, analysis calculation, and data access all initiate requests and subscriptions to an internet of things gateway (edge side data center) by an internet of things cloud platform (power distribution networking platform) in a service manner. The data acquisition service acquires various device data in real time and respectively issues data acquisition tasks to the edge side data center in real time. And the edge computing service subscribes the equipment and the data service theme concerned by the algorithm to the edge side data center so that the edge side data center executes the service algorithm to complete data analysis and association processing. The data persistence access/fetch service subscribes the configured device and the data service theme to the edge side data center so that the edge side data center executes the corresponding access/fetch service. And the data uploading service subscribes the configured equipment and the data uploading service theme to the edge side data center so that the edge side data center can acquire corresponding uploading model data and perform protocol conversion uploading.
In some embodiments, the internet of things gateway collects various device data in real time according to a data collection task issued by an internet of things cloud platform (power distribution networking platform).
In some embodiments, the adaptive acquisition is adaptive to the acquisition interval, that is, the data is preprocessed on the edge side, targeted data filtering is performed, the acquisition interval is adaptively adjusted, and the data amount is reduced without causing key data loss.
At block 220, the gateway of the internet of things performs data fusion on the matched and filtered data, and performs real-time analysis calculation and data persistence access;
in some embodiments, as shown in fig. 4, the gateway of the internet of things performs data fusion on the matched and filtered data, and performs real-time analysis calculation and data persistence access.
In some embodiments, the internet of things gateway realizes acquisition model fusion and uploading model fusion according to a static model issued by a data model service subscribed by an internet of things cloud platform (power distribution networking platform).
In some embodiments, the gateway of the internet of things executes a service algorithm according to the equipment and the data service subject concerned by the algorithm subscribed by the cloud platform of the internet of things (the power distribution networking platform), and completes data analysis and association processing; the method comprises the steps of calling calculation data and historical data according to model original data, and performing real-time analysis and calculation to obtain calculation result data.
In some embodiments, as shown in fig. 5, which is a schematic diagram of cloud edge collaboration mechanism of a data model, a model calculated by the gateway of the internet of things is based on Yun Bian collaboration technology, and is downloaded to the gateway of the internet of things after training by the cloud platform of the internet of things is completed. The internet of things gateway performs further training on the model by utilizing the data acquired in real time while performing the calculation task so as to send high-level early warning data to the internet of things cloud platform preferentially, solve the pressure problem of the internet of things cloud platform, reduce the data volume of network transmission and ensure that the early warning data is sent up quickly. By cooperating with a cloud data center, an iterative updating mechanism of an existing model (an active power distribution network application scene model) on an Internet of things gateway (edge side) is established, and efficient linkage and consistent data service of cloud edge data streams are achieved.
In some embodiments, the gateway of the internet of things executes corresponding access/fetch service on the fused data according to the subscribed equipment and data service theme of the cloud platform of the internet of things (power distribution networking platform); including precipitation history data and retrieval history data.
At block 230, the internet of things gateway transmits the fused data to the internet of things cloud platform through a unified application layer protocol;
in some embodiments, the internet of things gateway subscribes to the configured equipment and data uploading service theme according to the internet of things cloud platform (power distribution network platform), obtains corresponding uploading model data, and performs protocol conversion uploading.
In some embodiments, an internet of things gateway (intelligent gateway of a power distribution internet of things device) is uniformly accessed to an internet of things cloud platform (power distribution internet of things platform) by adopting an MQTT protocol, and preset device coding, data coding and data modeling specifications are followed. The preset data modeling specification comprises the following steps: when modeling, the topics and loads should be in a format. Modeling takes a sensor (such as an Internet of things gateway, a smoke sensor, a temperature sensor and the like) as an object, data items with similar purposes of the object are collected as much as possible, the data items with the same frequency are collected, and the modeling is performed by adopting the same theme to report the data. The device code and the data code are as described above, and are not described herein.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, based on Yun Bian collaboration, the data processing of the edge proxy device and the intelligent perception cloud is realized from the aspects of hardware resources, data formats, communication interfaces, security protocols, transmission throughput rate and the like of an internet-of-things gateway (edge proxy device) and an internet-of-things cloud platform (intelligent perception cloud), the data volume of network transmission is reduced, the calculation efficiency of cloud calculation is improved, the user business requirements are cooperatively completed, and the 'perception autonomy' in an area is realized through collaborative caching among data, so that the real-time performance of collaborative work is enhanced.
According to the embodiment of the disclosure, the following technical effects are achieved:
aiming at the problems that the specifications of the perception layer equipment of different manufacturers and different models are not uniform, the access is difficult and the analysis of the protocol is long, a unified equipment data model is established, the unified equipment model, the unified coding specification and the unified communication protocol are realized, and the scene application of the power distribution network is satisfied.
The gateway of the Internet of things supports automatic switching of various communication protocols of electric power, intelligent adaptation of various interface types of terminals of the Internet of things of electric power, and supports quick and flexible access of various Internet of things equipment.
Aiming at the access and forwarding of the terminal equipment data of the active power distribution network, the butt joint of the cloud platform of the Internet of things and subsystems such as energy storage and photovoltaics is realized, and the data acquisition processing and control strategy of the active power distribution network is issued to the gateway of the Internet of things.
It should be noted that, for simplicity of description, the foregoing method embodiments are all described as a series of acts, but it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present disclosure is not limited by the order of acts described, as some steps may be performed in other orders or concurrently in accordance with the present disclosure. Further, those skilled in the art will also appreciate that the embodiments described in the specification are all alternative embodiments, and that the acts and modules referred to are not necessarily required by the present disclosure.
It should be appreciated that various forms of the flows shown above may be used to reorder, add, or delete steps. For example, the steps recited in the present disclosure may be performed in parallel or sequentially or in a different order, provided that the desired results of the technical solutions of the present disclosure are achieved, and are not limited herein.
The above detailed description should not be taken as limiting the scope of the present disclosure. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications, combinations, sub-combinations and alternatives are possible, depending on design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present disclosure are intended to be included within the scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. A multi-element Internet of things data fusion and unified data processing method comprises the following steps:
the gateway of the Internet of things adaptively collects sensing equipment data and performs matching filtering on the collected data;
the gateway of the Internet of things performs data fusion on the matched and filtered data, and performs real-time analysis and calculation and data persistence access;
and the gateway of the Internet of things transmits the fused data to the cloud platform of the Internet of things through a unified application layer protocol.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the internet of things gateway adaptively collecting sensing device data comprises: and acquiring various device data in real time according to the data acquisition task issued by the cloud platform of the Internet of things.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein data fusion of matching filtered data by the internet of things gateway comprises:
the gateway of the Internet of things realizes acquisition model fusion and uploading model fusion according to a static model issued by a data model service subscribed by the cloud platform of the Internet of things;
real-time analytics computing and data persistence access includes:
the gateway of the Internet of things executes a service algorithm according to the equipment and the data service subject concerned by the algorithm subscribed by the cloud platform of the Internet of things, and completes data analysis and association processing; and executing corresponding access/fetch service on the fused data according to the equipment subscribed by the Internet of things cloud platform and the data service theme.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the internet of things gateway transmitting the fused data to the internet of things cloud platform through a unified application layer protocol comprises:
and the Internet of things gateway subscribes the configured equipment and the data uploading service theme according to the Internet of things cloud platform, acquires corresponding uploading model data and performs protocol conversion uploading.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the protocol conversion comprises:
and carrying out protocol self-adaptive conversion of the uploading model data.
6. The method according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the method further comprises:
carrying out Internet of things equipment coding and data coding according to unified preset equipment coding and data coding specifications; the model is modeled according to a preset data modeling specification.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the model is downloaded to an internet of things gateway after training by an internet of things cloud platform is completed; the internet of things gateway utilizes real-time data to train the model subsequently.
8. The method of claim 6, wherein the device encoding is a perceiving device address, the data encoding comprising a data body and a data item.
9. The method of claim 6, wherein the method further comprises:
modeling an object model of the Internet of things equipment; the object model comprises basic information and equipment service information of the Internet of things equipment.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the method further comprises:
and establishing an association relation between the monitored object of the object model and the unique ID of the power grid resource of the holographic power grid model, and fusing the object model of the Internet of things equipment with the power grid holographic model.
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