CN116191478B - Equivalent inertia evaluation and frequency response modeling method for multiple asynchronous motors - Google Patents

Equivalent inertia evaluation and frequency response modeling method for multiple asynchronous motors Download PDF

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CN116191478B
CN116191478B CN202310439751.2A CN202310439751A CN116191478B CN 116191478 B CN116191478 B CN 116191478B CN 202310439751 A CN202310439751 A CN 202310439751A CN 116191478 B CN116191478 B CN 116191478B
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equivalent model
frequency response
dynamic equivalent
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唐震
潘捷
慕国行
寇鹏
梅铭洋
薛志伟
张智豪
王伟
杨虹
刘宇
陈昱同
杨冬冬
郑志宏
李小婧
徐玉东
董理科
白雪婷
张凯
程胤璋
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Xian Jiaotong University
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
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Abstract

The invention provides a method for evaluating equivalent inertia of a plurality of asynchronous motors and modeling frequency response, belonging to the technical field of frequency stability analysis of an electric power system; the problem that when a plurality of asynchronous motors are connected into a power system, inertia evaluation and frequency response modeling of the power system are difficult is solved; the method comprises the following steps: step one: acquiring frequency response data of a power system to be analyzed through a power grid SCADA system, and dividing historical data into a fitting set and a testing set; step two: establishing a dynamic equivalent model of the power system to be analyzed, wherein the dynamic equivalent model adopts a low-order power system model in a transfer function form; step three: fitting parameters of a dynamic equivalent model from the test set through a genetic algorithm; step four: testing whether the parameters of the established dynamic equivalent model meet the test indexes or not on the test set; the invention is applied to stability analysis of an electric power system comprising a plurality of asynchronous motors.

Description

Equivalent inertia evaluation and frequency response modeling method for multiple asynchronous motors
Technical Field
The invention provides a method for evaluating equivalent inertia of a plurality of asynchronous motors and modeling frequency response, and belongs to the technical field of frequency stability analysis of power systems.
Background
In recent years, more and more new energy power generation systems are connected into a power system through a power electronic converter, and the ratio of the photovoltaic power station to the wind turbine generator in the new energy is more than 80%. The photovoltaic power station does not have rotational inertia, and the power electronic converter makes the inertia of the wind turbine generator difficult to effectively utilize. Therefore, a large number of conventional generator sets are replaced by new energy sources, which causes the moment of inertia of the power system to gradually decrease, causing concerns about frequency stability.
Under the above circumstances, the asynchronous motor directly connected to the power grid has the capability of participating in the frequency response, and can improve primary frequency modulation performance, so that the asynchronous motor has an increasingly important role in the frequency response.
However, when evaluating the inertia of an asynchronous motor and establishing a mechanism model of the frequency response of an electric power system, detailed parameters of the asynchronous motor are often required, for example, an equivalent inertia evaluation method of the asynchronous motor in an inertia response phase disclosed in the patent application No. 2022105164271, but it is very difficult to implement the equivalent inertia evaluation method for a large system having hundreds of asynchronous motors.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for evaluating equivalent inertia and modeling frequency response of a plurality of asynchronous motors, which aims to solve the problem that the inertia evaluation and the frequency response modeling of a power system are difficult when the plurality of asynchronous motors are connected into the power system.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a method for evaluating equivalent inertia and modeling frequency response of a plurality of asynchronous motors comprises the following steps:
step one: acquiring frequency response data of a power system to be analyzed through a power grid SCADA system, and dividing historical data into a fitting set and a testing set;
step two: establishing a dynamic equivalent model of the power system to be analyzed, wherein the dynamic equivalent model adopts a low-order power system model in a transfer function form;
step three: fitting parameters of a dynamic equivalent model from the test set through a genetic algorithm;
step four: and testing whether the parameters of the established dynamic equivalent model meet the test indexes or not on the test set.
The change rule of the frequency deviation of the dynamic equivalent model established in the second step is as follows:
Figure SMS_1
；
in the above formula:Din order to be a damping coefficient,His an inertial time constant of the power system;
ΔP d for load disturbance, the expression of load disturbance is:
Figure SMS_2
；
in the above formula:P d,mag the amplitude of the load disturbance is a step function;
ΔP g for the output variation of the synchronous generator, the expression of the output variation of the synchronous generator is as follows:
Figure SMS_3
；
in the above formula:T R for the reheat time constant, the temperature of the refrigerant is,K m as a function of the mechanical power gain factor,F H for the high-pressure turbine coefficient,Ris a governor coefficient.
In the third step, parameters of the dynamic equivalent model are fitted from the test set through a genetic algorithm, wherein the parameters of the dynamic equivalent model comprise: speed regulator coefficientRInertial time constant of power systemHDamping coefficientDCoefficient of mechanical power gainK m High pressure turbine coefficientF H And reheat time constantT R 。
The expression of the optimization target of the genetic algorithm is as follows:
Figure SMS_4
；
in the above formula:Jin order to adapt the function of the degree of adaptation,mas the number of sets of data to be used for fitting,n i for the number of samples of the power system frequency in each set of data,
Figure SMS_5
data for true frequency offset, +.>
Figure SMS_6
Is the frequency offset of the dynamic equivalent model.
Constraint conditions to be met by the optimization target of the genetic algorithm are as follows:
Figure SMS_7
。
the expression of the test index in the fourth step is as follows:
Figure SMS_8
；
in the above formula:J test for the test index, used to characterize the average fitting error,lfor the number of test sets, the standard for test passing is that the test index is less than 1%.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: the method for evaluating the equivalent inertia of the plurality of asynchronous motors and modeling the frequency response aims to establish a dynamic equivalent model, adopts a genetic algorithm to fit parameters of the dynamic equivalent model from historical data, is convenient and quick, does not need detailed asynchronous motor parameters, and can be suitable for evaluating the inertia and modeling the frequency response of a large-scale power system comprising the plurality of asynchronous motors.
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The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an IEEE9 node system with three asynchronous motors in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of a Simulink modeling architecture of the IEEE9 node system with three asynchronous motors of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a transfer function of a dynamic equivalent model of the frequency response of the power system according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the power system frequency response under three different sets of perturbations used for fitting in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the frequency response of the power system under four different sets of perturbations used in the test according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention aims to provide a method for evaluating equivalent inertia and modeling frequency response of a plurality of asynchronous motors driven by data, which comprises the following implementation steps of:
step one: acquiring frequency response data of a power system to be analyzed through a power grid SCADA system, and dividing historical data into a fitting set and a testing set;
step two: establishing a dynamic equivalent model of the power system to be analyzed, wherein the dynamic equivalent model adopts a low-order power system model in a transfer function form;
step three: fitting parameters of a dynamic equivalent model from the test set through a genetic algorithm;
step four: and testing the established dynamic equivalent model parameters on a test set, wherein the standard of test passing is that the test index is less than 1%.
The method of the invention is further described below with reference to specific examples.
Embodiment one: the schematic diagram of the power system to be tested is shown in fig. 2, the Simulink model of the power system to be tested is shown in fig. 3, and the Simulink model is a frequency response historical data source of the power system to be tested.
Historical frequency response data of a power system comprising a plurality of asynchronous motors is obtained, and the historical data is divided into three fitting sets and four testing sets.
The dynamic equivalent model of the frequency response of the power system is shown in fig. 4, a dynamic equivalent model of the power system to be analyzed is established, and the dynamic equivalent model adopts a low-order power system model in a transfer function form. In this model, the law of variation of the frequency deviation is:
Figure SMS_9
；
in the method, in the process of the invention,Dthe damping coefficient is generally 0 to 2,Hthe inertia time constant of the power system is generally 3-9 s.
ΔP d For load disturbance, the expression of load disturbance is:
Figure SMS_10
；
in the method, in the process of the invention,P d,mag the amplitude of the load disturbance is a step function.
ΔP g For the output variation of the synchronous generator, the expression of the output variation of the synchronous generator is
Figure SMS_11
；
In the method, in the process of the invention,T R for the reheat time constant, it is usually between 6 to 14s,K m the mechanical power gain factor is mainly influenced by the power factor and the rotation reserve, and is generally between 0.4 and 1,F H the high-pressure turbine coefficient is generally between 0.15 and 0.4,Rthe speed regulator coefficient is generally 0.04-1.
Fitting parameters of a dynamic equivalent model from the test set through a genetic algorithm, wherein the parameters of the dynamic equivalent model comprise: speed regulator coefficientRInertial time constant of power systemHDamping coefficientDCoefficient of mechanical power gainK m High pressure turbine coefficientF H And reheat time constantT R 。
The optimization targets of the genetic algorithm are:
Figure SMS_12
；
in the method, in the process of the invention,Jin order to adapt the function of the degree of adaptation,mas the number of sets of data to be used for fitting,n i for the number of samples of the power system frequency in each set of data,
Figure SMS_13
data for true frequency offset, +.>
Figure SMS_14
Is the frequency offset of the dynamic equivalent model. The constraint conditions to be satisfied by the above optimization problem are:
Figure SMS_15
；
i.e. all parameters are guaranteed to be within reasonable limits.
The genetic algorithm fits on three fitting sets, and the frequency response of the obtained equivalent dynamic model and the equivalent dynamic model pair of the power system to be analyzed are as shown in fig. 5.
And testing the established dynamic equivalent model parameters on a test set, wherein the test indexes are as follows:
Figure SMS_16
；
in the method, in the process of the invention,J test for the test index, used to characterize the average fitting error,lfor the number of test sets, the standard for test passing is that the test index is less than 1%.
The equivalent dynamic model and the test set result of the power system to be analyzed are shown in fig. 6.
According to the invention, the inertia of the power system can be evaluated and a frequency response model can be established under the condition that the detailed parameters of the asynchronous motor are unknown, so that the frequency stability of the power system can be effectively analyzed.
The specific structure of the invention needs to be described that the connection relation between the component modules adopted by the invention is definite and realizable, and besides the specific description in the embodiment, the specific connection relation can bring about corresponding technical effects, and on the premise of not depending on execution of corresponding software programs, the technical problems of the invention are solved, the types of the components, the modules and the specific components, the connection modes of the components and the expected technical effects brought by the technical characteristics are clear, complete and realizable, and the conventional use method and the expected technical effects brought by the technical characteristics are all disclosed in patents, journal papers, technical manuals, technical dictionaries and textbooks which can be acquired by a person in the field before the application date, or the prior art such as conventional technology, common knowledge in the field, and the like, so that the provided technical scheme is clear, complete and the corresponding entity products can be reproduced or obtained according to the technical means.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some or all of the technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.

Claims (2)

1. A method for evaluating equivalent inertia and modeling frequency response of a plurality of asynchronous motors is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step one: acquiring frequency response data of a power system to be analyzed through a power grid SCADA system, and dividing historical data into a fitting set and a testing set;
step two: establishing a dynamic equivalent model of the power system to be analyzed, wherein the dynamic equivalent model adopts a low-order power system model in a transfer function form;
step three: fitting parameters of the dynamic equivalent model from the fitting set through a genetic algorithm, wherein the parameters of the dynamic equivalent model comprise: speed regulator coefficientRInertial time constant of power systemHDamping coefficientDCoefficient of mechanical power gainK m High pressure turbine coefficientF H And reheat time constantT R ；
The expression of the optimization target of the genetic algorithm is as follows:
Figure QLYQS_1
；
in the above formula:Jin order to adapt the function of the degree of adaptation,mas the number of sets of data to be used for fitting,n i for the number of samples of the power system frequency in each set of data,
Figure QLYQS_2
data for true frequency offset, +.>
Figure QLYQS_3
Frequency offset for dynamic equivalent model;
constraint conditions to be met by the optimization target of the genetic algorithm are as follows:
Figure QLYQS_4
；
step four: testing whether the parameters of the established dynamic equivalent model meet the test indexes or not on the test set;
the expression of the test index in the fourth step is as follows:
Figure QLYQS_5
；
in the above formula:J test for the test index, used to characterize the average fitting error,lfor the number of test sets, the standard for test passing is that the test index is less than 1%.
2. A method for evaluating equivalent inertia and modeling frequency response of a plurality of asynchronous motors according to claim 1, wherein: the change rule of the frequency deviation of the dynamic equivalent model established in the second step is as follows:
Figure QLYQS_6
；
in the above formula:Din order to be a damping coefficient,His an inertial time constant of the power system;
ΔP d for load disturbance, the expression of load disturbance is:
Figure QLYQS_7
；
in the above formula:P d,mag is the amplitude of the load disturbance;
ΔP g for the output variation of the synchronous generator, the expression of the output variation of the synchronous generator is as follows:
Figure QLYQS_8
；
in the above formula:T R for the reheat time constant, the temperature of the refrigerant is,K m as a function of the mechanical power gain factor,F H for the high-pressure turbine coefficient,Ris a governor coefficient.
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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113972654A (en) * 2021-11-01 2022-01-25 国网江苏省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 Multipoint-access area load inertia time constant identification method
CN115483707A (en) * 2022-10-12 2022-12-16 东南大学溧阳研究院 Novel power system frequency situation prediction method considering photovoltaic frequency modulation

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CN111276973A (en) * 2020-03-09 2020-06-12 国网江苏省电力有限公司 Method for evaluating inertia requirement of power system considering wind power fluctuation
CN114638074A (en) * 2021-12-31 2022-06-17 国网辽宁省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 Inertia evaluation method based on quantum derivation algorithm
CN114792055A (en) * 2022-05-05 2022-07-26 山西大学 Asynchronous motor equivalent inertia evaluation method based on transient reactance post-potential
CN114841005A (en) * 2022-05-12 2022-08-02 南京理工大学 Method for evaluating equivalent inertia of asynchronous motor in inertia response stage
CN115622149A (en) * 2022-09-06 2023-01-17 华中科技大学 System frequency response modeling method and system for double-fed fan participating in primary frequency modulation

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CN113972654A (en) * 2021-11-01 2022-01-25 国网江苏省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 Multipoint-access area load inertia time constant identification method
CN115483707A (en) * 2022-10-12 2022-12-16 东南大学溧阳研究院 Novel power system frequency situation prediction method considering photovoltaic frequency modulation

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