CN116181854A

CN116181854A - Integrated integrated cable type gas-liquid compensator

Info

Publication number: CN116181854A
Application number: CN202211431426.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 黄田忠; 夏魁; 丁鑫; 陶俊; 吴华强
Original assignee: 704th Research Institute of CSIC
Current assignee: 704th Research Institute of CSIC
Priority date: 2022-11-14
Filing date: 2022-11-14
Publication date: 2023-05-30

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of compensators, in particular to an integrated cable type gas-liquid compensator, which comprises a gas-liquid compensator component and a pulley block; the pulley blocks are positioned at two ends of the gas-liquid compensator group, the pulley blocks are wound with cables, and the inlet and outlet ends of the cables are respectively connected with the cable collecting device and the load; the gas-liquid compensator assembly comprises a plurality of annular chambers and a piston rod assembly which are communicated with each other; the annular cavity is provided with a gas storage cavity, a gas-liquid cavity and a piston cavity which are connected with an external compressed air source from outside to inside, communication interfaces are arranged among the gas storage cavity, the gas-liquid cavity and the piston cavity, the piston cavity is provided with a piston limiting structure, and the uncontrolled speed of the piston caused by cable faults is prevented; the piston rod assembly is connected with the movable pulley block and can do reciprocating motion in the piston cavity, and the distance between the pulley blocks is changed to realize constant tension of the cable; the invention has compact structure, light weight integration and limit structure, can prevent damage of cable faults to the compensator, and prolongs the service life of the device.

Description

Integrated integrated cable type gas-liquid compensator

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of compensators, in particular to an integrated cable type gas-liquid compensator.

Background

In different application conditions, particularly in the condition that a marine operation ship ascends and descends along with waves, the load born by a cable winding and unwinding rope can be greatly changed, so that a tension compensation device is required to be installed to prevent the tension value applied to the cable from exceeding a set limit value.

The cable tension compensator is divided into an air pressure driven tension compensator, a hydraulic pressure driven tension compensator and an air-liquid tension compensator according to a driving mode. One potential problem with pneumatically driven tension compensators is that: in the event of a failure of the cable to break, unless there is some kind of rate limiting means, the instantaneous expansion of the gas will exert a pressure on the fluid and cause considerable damage to the compensator and to the surrounding equipment. The hydraulic driven cable tension compensator does not suffer from the problem of piston movement stall in the cylinder when a cable breaks down, because the hydraulic system effectively controls the maximum speed of piston movement in the cylinder by limiting the flow of hydraulic fluid into and out of the cylinder, independent of the cable tension applied to such devices, and therefore none of the hydraulic compensators currently in use are provided with a brake device for preventing sudden piston stall movement in the event of a cable failure.

At present, most domestic application products generally adopt a gas-liquid type jointly driven tension compensator. The gas-liquid tension compensator is commonly provided with an actuator cylinder (a gas-liquid cylinder and a high-pressure gas tank) compensation form and a wire rope type direct-connection oil cylinder (an oil cylinder, an energy accumulator and a high-pressure gas tank) compensation form. The actuator cylinder compensator uses high pressure gas as the fluid medium in the cable tension compensator to prevent stalling of the piston in the tension compensator in case of cable breakage by rapid shut-off of an anti-surge valve mounted on the pneumatic cylinder oil circuit. Such compensators require the use of an external high pressure gas storage tank to maintain a sufficient high pressure gas supply to facilitate operation of the device, and also require the provision of an external gas/liquid oil storage tank for storing or supplementing the volume of fluid required for movement of the gas/liquid cylinders. This type of compensator requires multiple high pressure tanks, is heavy in overall equipment, takes up a large amount of space, and requires a large number of plumbing and valve connections. The weight of such compensators, as well as the required floor space, clearly presents significant drawbacks in applications where space and weight are at a premium, such as in offshore drilling platforms, motor-mounted deck equipment.

The steel wire rope type or direct connection type oil cylinder compensator commonly used on the offshore drilling platform is characterized in that an isolation valve is arranged between an oil cylinder and an energy accumulator, and the piston is prevented from suddenly accelerating after a cable fracture fault through quick turn-off of the isolation valve. The tension compensator needs to be provided with an independent high-pressure air tank to be connected to the device from the outside, needs to be provided with an energy accumulator with a certain volume, and needs to be connected with related air and liquid pipelines of an isolation valve and an air circuit control valve group.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an integrated cable type gas-liquid compensator, and provides a compact-structure, light-weight and integrated gas-liquid tensioning compensator which does not need to be connected with an external high-pressure gas storage container. It is another object of the present invention to provide a method for rapidly responding to damage to a gas-liquid compensator caused by a fault such as a sudden cable break through controlled movement of a piston within a cylinder. It is a further object of the present invention to provide a gas-liquid tension compensator that uses a minimum of moving parts to limit uncontrolled movement of the device, thereby helping to increase the service life of the device.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention provides an integrated cable gas-liquid compensator, which comprises a gas-liquid compensator component and a pulley block; the pulley block comprises a fixed pulley block and a movable pulley block, and is respectively positioned at two ends of the gas-liquid compensator group, a cable is wound on the pulley block, one end of the cable is connected with a cable collecting device, and the other end of the cable is connected with a load; the integrated cable type gas-liquid compensator controls the distance between the pulley blocks at two ends of the gas-liquid compensator group to keep constant tension of cables;

The gas-liquid compensator assembly comprises a plurality of annular chambers and a piston rod assembly which are communicated with each other;

the two ends of the plurality of mutually communicated annular chambers are closed, the plurality of mutually communicated annular chambers comprise an outer layer chamber, an intermediate layer chamber and an inner layer chamber, the inner diameter of the outer layer chamber is larger than that of the intermediate layer chamber, and the inner diameter of the intermediate layer chamber is larger than that of the inner layer chamber; the inner layer chamber is positioned inside the middle layer chamber, and the middle layer chamber is positioned inside the outer layer chamber;

the outer layer chamber is a gas storage chamber and is provided with compressed gas, and an interface connected with an external compressed gas source is arranged on the outer layer chamber; the middle layer cavity is a gas-liquid cavity, and the inner layer cavity is a piston cavity; the outer layer chamber, the middle layer chamber and the inner layer chamber are integrated together, and the inner layer chamber is provided with a limit structure;

the piston rod assembly is connected with the movable pulley block and reciprocates in the inner-layer cavity;

an external compressed air source enters the outer layer chamber through an interface of the outer layer chamber, and the gas pressure exerted by the compressed air of the outer layer chamber enters the middle layer chamber to compress hydraulic oil.

Further, the whole gas-liquid compensator component is of a cylindrical structure and comprises a lower end cover, a gas storage tank, a gas storage cavity, a piston tank, a gas-liquid cavity, an upper end cover and a high-level oil storage tank; the air storage tank comprises a lower end mounting flange and an upper end mounting flange;

the lower end cover and the upper end cover are of disc structures with central holes; the gas storage tank, the gas-liquid tank and the piston tank are of hollow cylindrical structures and are identical in height, the inner diameter of the gas storage tank is larger than that of the gas-liquid tank, the inner diameter of the gas-liquid tank is larger than that of the piston tank, the gas storage tank is sleeved with the gas-liquid tank, and the gas-liquid tank is sleeved with the piston tank; the top surfaces and the bottom surfaces of the air storage tank, the air liquid tank and the piston tank are respectively coplanar; the central shafts of the lower end cover, the air storage tank, the air liquid tank, the piston tank and the upper end cover are coaxial;

the lower end mounting flange is positioned at the periphery of the bottom of the air storage tank, the bottom surface of the lower end mounting flange is coplanar with the bottom surface of the air storage tank, the upper end mounting flange is positioned at the periphery of the top of the air storage tank, and the top surface of the upper end mounting flange is coplanar with the top surface of the air storage tank; the diameters of the lower end mounting flange and the upper end mounting flange are respectively matched with the diameters of the lower end cover and the upper end cover;

The lower end mounting flange, the upper end mounting flange, the lower end cover and the upper end cover are provided with mounting holes, the bottom surfaces of the air storage tank, the air liquid tank and the piston tank are connected and sealed through the lower end cover and the lower end mounting flange, and the top surfaces of the air storage tank, the air liquid tank and the piston tank are connected and sealed through the upper end cover and the upper end mounting flange;

the lower end cover, the upper end cover, the air storage tank, the gas-liquid tank and the piston tank form the annular chamber.

Further, the gas storage tank comprises a gas storage tank interface, the gas liquid tank comprises a gas liquid tank interface, and the piston tank comprises an orifice and a piston tank interface;

the upper end of the tank wall of the gas tank is provided with a plurality of gas tank connectors which are distributed radially, and the tank wall of the piston tank is provided with a plurality of throttle holes and piston tank connectors which are distributed radially;

the gas storage tank interface, the gas-liquid tank interface, the throttle hole and the piston tank interface form fluid communication among the gas storage tank, the gas-liquid tank and the piston tank;

The gas storage tank interface, the gas-liquid tank interface, the throttle hole and the piston tank interface form a communication structure of the annular chamber.

Further, the gas-liquid compensator assembly further comprises a cylindrical disc, a limiting device and a stop ring, wherein the cylindrical disc, the limiting device and the stop ring form the limiting structure;

the cylindrical disc is of a disc structure with a central hole; the central shaft of the cylindrical disk is coaxial with the central shaft of the annular chamber; the cylinder disc horizontally penetrates through the tank wall of the piston tank and is positioned in the upper area of the piston tank, the periphery of the cylinder disc is tightly attached to the inner wall of the gas-liquid tank, and the inner ring of the cylinder disc is positioned in the piston tank;

the limiting device is a limiting buffer supporting bushing and is fixedly connected with the cylindrical disc; the two surfaces of the limiting device are limited by the cylindrical disc and the piston tank respectively, and the back surface of the limiting device, which is attached to the piston tank, adopts a structure from a cylindrical surface to a conical surface;

the stop ring is of a hollow annular structure and is provided with a central hole coaxial with the piston tank, and the stop ring is fixedly connected with the inner bottom surface of the lower end cover.

Further, the inner wall of the gas storage tank, the outer wall of the gas tank, the lower end cover and the upper end cover form a gas storage cavity, and the gas storage cavity is the outer layer cavity; the inner wall of the gas-liquid tank, the outer wall of the piston tank, the lower end cover and the bottom surface of the cylindrical disk form a gas-liquid chamber, and the gas-liquid chamber is the middle-layer chamber; the inner wall of the gas-liquid tank, the outer wall of the piston tank, the upper end cover and the top surface of the cylindrical disk form the high-level oil storage tank; the inner layer cavity is arranged inside the piston tank.

Further, the gas-liquid compensator component also comprises a piston rod, a buffering limiting bushing and a piston component;

the piston rod, the buffering limiting bushing and the piston assembly form a piston rod assembly and are positioned in the piston tank; one end of the piston rod is provided with a multistage stepped shaft, the other end of the piston rod is provided with a round rod, one end of the round rod is connected with the pulley block, and the buffer limiting bushing and the piston assembly are arranged at one end of the multistage stepped shaft;

a design gap is formed between the round rod of the piston rod and the inner diameter of the cylindrical disc, and the design gap and the restriction orifice form a fluid speed limiting structure of hydraulic oil in the inner layer cavity, so that the movement speed of the piston rod assembly is limited;

The multistage stepped shaft of the piston rod comprises a first stepped shaft, a second stepped shaft, a third stepped shaft, a fourth stepped shaft, a first end face, a first cylindrical face, a second end face, a second cylindrical face, a third end face, a third cylindrical face, a fourth end face, a fourth cylindrical face and a fifth end face; a design gap is formed between the fourth cylindrical surface and the inner wall of the central hole of the stop ring;

the first stepped shaft extends from the first end face to the second end face from the first cylindrical surface, the second stepped shaft extends from the second end face to the third end face from the second cylindrical surface, the third stepped shaft extends from the third end face to the fourth end face from the third cylindrical surface, and the fourth stepped shaft extends from the fourth end face to the fifth end face from the fourth cylindrical surface;

the buffering limiting bushing is a conical surface supporting bushing, is fixedly sleeved on the first stepped shaft and is in fit limit with the first end surface; the piston assembly is fixedly sleeved on the first stepped shaft and the second stepped shaft and is in fit limit with the buffer limit bushing and the third end face;

The conical surface of the buffering limiting bushing is matched with the structural size of the conical surface of the limiting device; the piston rod moves outwards in place, and the conical surface of the limiting device is in buffer contact with the conical surface of the buffer limiting bushing.

Further, the gas-liquid compensator assembly further comprises a piston low pressure chamber and a piston high pressure chamber;

the piston assembly divides the piston tank into the piston high pressure chamber and the piston low pressure chamber; the top of the piston assembly is the piston low-pressure chamber, and the bottom of the piston assembly is the piston high-pressure chamber;

the piston low pressure chamber comprises a first low pressure cavity and a second low pressure cavity; the space formed by the piston tank, the upper end cover, the cylindrical disc and the piston rod is the first low-pressure cavity; the piston rod moves outwards to a proper position, and a cavity structure formed by the piston tank, the limiting device, the buffering limiting bushing and the piston assembly is the second low-pressure cavity.

Further, the diameter of the central hole of the cylindrical disk is smaller than the diameter of the piston low-pressure chamber.

Further, the size of the gas-liquid tank interface is set based on the flow rates of the gas storage chamber and the gas-liquid chamber;

The piston-tank interface is sized based on a flow rate between the gas-liquid chamber and the piston chamber.

Further, the gas-liquid compensator assembly further comprises a safety valve, an open end cap and a seal;

the circle center of the open end cover is provided with a circular hole, the periphery of the open end cover is fixedly arranged with the inner wall of the circular hole of the upper end cover, and the sealing element is arranged in the inner ring of the open end cover;

the upper end cover is provided with a runner hole, and the safety valve is arranged in the runner hole of the upper end cover.

The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:

the hydraulic pressure compensator comprises a gas storage cavity, a gas-liquid cavity and a piston cavity, wherein the gas storage cavity, the gas-liquid cavity and the piston cavity are integrated together and are communicated with each other through interfaces, and high-pressure gas in the gas storage cavity is connected with the gas-liquid cavity so as to apply certain precompression to oil in the gas-liquid cavity and the piston cavity; the pressurized oil forces the piston rod of the piston chamber to move outwards, so that the distance between the movable pulley block and the fixed pulley block is increased to realize cable tensioning;

Secondly, the invention has a limiting structure of the piston assembly, the two ends of the piston chamber are both provided with buffer limiting devices, the tail end of the piston rod and the piston assembly are provided with buffer structures, and under the working conditions of compensation working conditions, cable breakage faults and the like, the buffer limiting devices at the upper end of the piston chamber limit oil to flow through the buffer chamber formed at the front end of the piston to prevent uncontrolled acceleration of the piston, and the limiting devices at the lower end of the piston chamber are matched with the buffer structures of the piston rod to reduce the speed of the piston before reaching the fully retracted position of the piston chamber;

the third, the invention has fluid speed limiting structure, there is design clearance between the inner diameter of round rod and cylindrical disc of the piston rod, this design clearance and orifice make up the fluid speed limiting structure of the hydraulic oil in the piston chamber, when the piston rod moves outwards, the low-pressure oil stored in the second low-pressure chamber compresses the oil-gas mixture in the first low-pressure chamber, the low-pressure oil and oil-gas mixture in the first low-pressure chamber of flowing into the first low-pressure chamber of the second low-pressure chamber drain into the high-order oil storage tank with the limited speed, the throttle flow of the hydraulic oil controls the upward movement speed of the piston rod, the upward movement of the piston rod has thus increased the distance between fixed pulley block of lower end and movable pulley block installed in upper end of the piston rod, thus dispel the slackening, realize the tensioning of the cable.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is an elevation view of one of the constructions of the integrated cable type gas-liquid compensator of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a side view of one of the constructions of the integrated cable gas-liquid compensator of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a gas-liquid compensator assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of a gas-liquid compensator assembly of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 4;

fig. 6 is a front view of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a side view of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a top view of embodiment 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the integrated cable gas-liquid compensator of the present invention to an external device.

Wherein, 1-a movable pulley block; 2-a gas-liquid compensator assembly; 200-a lower end cover; 201-an air storage tank; 2010-mounting a flange at the lower end; 2011-an upper end mounting flange; 2012, an air storage tank interface; 202-a gas-liquid tank; 2020-gas-liquid tank interface; 203-a gas storage chamber; 204-piston tank; 2040-orifice; 2041-piston-cylinder interface; 205-a gas-liquid chamber; 206-an upper end cap; 207-safety valve; 208-open end cap; 209-a high-level oil storage tank; 210-a cylindrical disk; 211-a limiting device; 212-a piston rod; 2120-first stepped shaft; 2121-second stepped shaft; 2122-a third stepped shaft; 2123-fourth stepped shaft; 212 a-a first end face; 212 b-a first cylindrical surface; 212 c-a second end face; 212 d-a second cylindrical surface; 212 e-a third end face; 212 f-a third cylindrical surface; 212 g-fourth end face; 212 h-fourth cylindrical surface; 212 i-a fifth end face; 213-piston low pressure oil chamber; 2130-a first low pressure cavity; 2131-a second low pressure cavity; 214-buffering a limiting bushing; 215-a piston assembly; 216-a stop ring; 217-seals; 3-a mounting base; 4-fixed pulley blocks.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the present invention provides an integrated cable gas-liquid compensator, which comprises a movable pulley block 1, a gas-liquid compensator assembly 2, a mounting base 3 and a fixed pulley block 4.

The top of the gas-liquid compensator component 2 is provided with a movable pulley block 1, the movable pulley block 1 is connected through a piston rod in the gas-liquid compensator component 2, and the piston rod reciprocates in the gas-liquid compensator component 2 along the axial direction; the bottom surface of the gas-liquid compensator component 2 is fixedly arranged on the mounting base 3, the fixed pulley block 4 is fixedly arranged on the mounting base 3, and the mounting base 3 is fixedly connected with a salvage ship, a drilling ship or a semi-submersible drilling platform and the like; the movable pulley block 1 and the fixed pulley block 4 are used for winding a cable, and two ends of the cable are respectively connected with a cable winding and unwinding device and a hoisting load; the gas-liquid compensator component 2 is internally provided with a plurality of annular chambers which are communicated with each other, and the piston rod in the gas-liquid compensator component 2 are driven by the action of the plurality of annular chambers which are communicated with each other to drive the movable pulley block 1 to effectively control the tension of a cable.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the gas-liquid compensator assembly 2 includes a lower end cap 200, a gas tank 201, a gas tank 202, a piston tank 204, an upper end cap 206, a relief valve 207, an open end cap 208, a cylindrical disk 210, a stopper 211, a piston rod 212, a buffer stopper bushing 214, a piston assembly 215, a stopper ring 216, and a seal 217.

The gas-liquid compensator component 2 is of a cylindrical structure as a whole; the lower end cap 200, the upper end cap 206 and the open end cap 208 are of a disc structure, wherein the centers of the upper end cap 206 and the open end cap 208 are provided with circular holes for passing through the piston rod 212; the periphery of the open end cap 208 is fixedly mounted to the circular hole inner wall of the upper end cap 206, and a seal member 217 is mounted in the inner ring of the open end cap 208 for sliding contact with the piston rod 212 to prevent the hydraulic oil from overflowing along the piston rod 212. The upper end cap 206 has a flow passage hole for installing the relief valve 207 and filling hydraulic oil.

The gas storage tank 201, the gas liquid tank 202 and the piston tank 204 are of hollow cylindrical structures and are the same in height, the inner diameter of the gas storage tank 201 is larger than that of the gas liquid tank 202, the inner diameter of the gas liquid tank 202 is larger than that of the piston tank 204, the gas liquid tank 202 is sleeved in the gas storage tank 201, and the piston tank 204 is sleeved in the gas liquid tank 202; the top and bottom surfaces of the air tank 201, the air tank 202 and the piston tank 204 are coplanar, and the central axes of the air tank 201, the air tank 202 and the piston tank 204 are coaxial.

The air tank 201 has a lower mounting flange 2010 and an upper mounting flange 2011. The lower end mounting flange 2010 is located at the bottom of the air tank 201 in a circle and the bottom surface is coplanar with the bottom surface of the air tank 201, and the upper end mounting flange 2011 is located at the top of the air tank 201 in a circle and the top surface is coplanar with the top surface of the air tank 201. The diameters of the lower mounting flange 2010 and the upper mounting flange 2011 match the diameters of the lower end cap 200 and the upper end cap 206, respectively.

The lower end mounting flange 2010, the upper end mounting flange 2011, the lower end cover 200 and the upper end cover 206 are provided with mounting holes; the lower end cover 200 is connected with the lower end mounting flange 2010 through gaskets, bolts and nuts with corresponding specifications, so that the bottoms of the air storage tank 201, the air liquid tank 202 and the piston tank 204 are effectively sealed; the upper end cover 206 is connected with the upper end mounting flange 2011 through washers, bolts and nuts of corresponding specifications, and effectively seals the top surfaces of the air storage tank 201, the air liquid tank 202 and the piston tank 204.

The inner wall of the gas storage tank 201, the outer wall of the gas-liquid tank 202, the lower end cap 200 and the upper end cap 206 constitute a gas storage chamber 203. The piston tank 204 is internally provided with a piston rod 212, the piston rod 212 is coaxial with the piston tank 204, the cylindrical disk 210 horizontally penetrates through the tank wall of the piston tank 204 and is positioned in the upper area of the piston tank 204, the axis of the cylindrical disk 210 is provided with a round hole and is coaxial with the piston tank 204, the periphery of the cylindrical disk 210 is tightly attached to the inner wall of the gas-liquid tank 202 through the piston rod 212, and the inner ring of the cylindrical disk 210 is positioned in the piston tank 204 and has a designed gap with the piston rod 212. The cylindrical disk 210 divides the chamber formed by the gas-liquid tank 202 and the piston tank 204 into a gas-liquid chamber 205 and a high-level oil storage tank 209, wherein the gas-liquid chamber 205 is formed by the inner wall of the gas-liquid tank 202, the outer wall of the piston tank 204, the lower end cover 200 and the bottom surface of the cylindrical disk 210, and the high-level oil storage tank 209 is formed by the inner wall of the gas-liquid tank 202, the outer wall of the piston tank 204, the upper end cover 206 and the top surface of the cylindrical disk 210.

The limiting device 211 is a limiting buffer support bushing and is fixedly connected with the cylindrical disk 210 through bolts. The two surfaces of the limiting device 211 are limited by the cylindrical disc 210 and the piston tank 204 respectively, the back surface attached to the piston tank 204 adopts a structure from a cylindrical surface to a conical surface, and the cylindrical surface of the limiting device 211 is in clearance fit with the piston rod 212 and is used for guiding the piston rod 212 to reciprocate in the piston tank 204.

The upper end surface of the piston rod 212 passes through the central holes of the upper end cover 206 and the opening end cover 208 and is fixedly connected with the mounting base of the movable pulley block 1 through bolts. The piston rod 212 is capable of reciprocating within the piston canister 204. The lower end portion of the piston rod 212 has a multi-stage stepped shaft including a first stepped shaft 2120, a second stepped shaft 2121, a third stepped shaft 2122, and a fourth stepped shaft 2123. The first stepped shaft 2120 extends from the first end face 212a to the second end face 212c by the first cylindrical face 212b, the second stepped shaft 2121 extends from the second end face 212c to the third end face 212e by the second cylindrical face 212d, the third stepped shaft 2122 extends from the third end face 212e to the fourth end face 212g by the third cylindrical face 212f, and the fourth stepped shaft 2123 extends from the fourth end face 212g to the fifth end face 212i by the fourth cylindrical face 212 h. A design clearance is provided between the fifth end face 212i and the lower end cap 200. The first stepped shaft 2120 has two circumferential grooves for mounting a seal to seal the first stepped shaft 2120 with the piston assembly 215.

The stop ring 216 is of a hollow annular structure and is provided with a central hole coaxial with the piston tank 204, and the stop ring 216 is fixedly connected with the inner bottom surface of the lower end cover 200; when the piston rod 212 moves downward, the fourth stepped shaft 2123 penetrates into the center hole of the stop ring 216, the fourth end face 212g of the third stepped shaft 2122 is in contact with the top face of the stop ring 216, and a designed gap is formed between the inner wall of the center hole of the stop ring 216 and the fourth cylindrical face 212h, and is used for buffering the movement of the brake piston when the piston assembly 215 reaches the fully retracted position, and discharging hydraulic oil.

The buffer stop bushing 214 is fixedly sleeved on the first stepped shaft 2120 and is in fit stop with the first end face 212a, and the piston assembly 215 is fixedly sleeved on the first stepped shaft 2120 and the second stepped shaft 2121 and is in fit stop with the buffer stop bushing 214 and the third end face 212 e. The buffer limiting bushing 214 is a conical surface supporting bushing, and the conical surface is matched with the structural size of the conical surface of the limiting device 211 and is used for buffer limiting in the reciprocating process of the piston rod 212. The piston assembly 215 includes a piston, a piston seal and a guide ring, the periphery of the piston having a plurality of circumferential grooves of different sizes for mounting the piston seal and the guide ring to effect a seal of the piston assembly 215 to the inner wall of the piston tank 204.

When the piston rod 212 moves outwards, the conical surface of the limiting device 211 and the conical surface of the buffering limiting bushing 214 are in contact limiting, the piston rod 212 is limited to move outwards continuously, the piston rod 212 moves to the limiting position, the piston assembly 215 is not attached to the limiting device 211, and at the moment, the piston tank 204, the limiting device 211, the buffering limiting bushing 214 and the piston assembly 215 form a cavity structure.

The piston assembly 215 effectively divides the interior of the piston tank 204 into a piston high pressure chamber and a piston low pressure chamber 213. The top of the piston assembly 215 is a piston low pressure chamber 213, the piston low pressure chamber 213 comprises a first low pressure chamber 2130 and a second low pressure chamber 2131, a space formed by the piston tank 204, the upper end cover 206, the cylindrical disk 210 and the piston rod 212 is the first low pressure chamber 2130, and a cavity structure formed by the piston tank 204, the limiting device 211, the buffering limiting bushing 214 and the piston assembly 215 is the second low pressure chamber 2131; the first low pressure chamber 2130 is filled with gas and hydraulic oil having a set pressure therein, and the second low pressure chamber 2131 is always filled with low pressure oil; the bottom of the piston assembly 215 is a piston high pressure chamber which is always filled with high pressure oil; the piston seal is used to prevent hydraulic oil from the piston high pressure chamber from entering the piston low pressure chamber 213.

The piston low pressure chamber 213 is identical to the hydraulic oil in the piston high pressure chamber and is maintained to operate at a pressure in the range of 0.1-0.35MPa depending on the speed of movement of the piston assembly 215. Depending on the direction of movement of the piston rod 212, low pressure oil can flow bi-directionally in the gap between the cylindrical surface of the limiting device 211 and the piston rod 212, thereby limiting the movement speed of the piston assembly 215.

The upper end of the tank wall of the gas tank 201 is provided with a plurality of gas tank interfaces 2012 distributed radially for compressed gas to enter the gas storage chamber 203; the upper end of the tank wall of the gas-liquid tank 202 has four equally spaced radial gas-liquid tank ports 2020 for communicating the compressed gas within the gas storage chamber 203 to the gas-liquid chamber 205 at a limited rate, allowing fluid flow between the gas-liquid chamber 205 and the gas storage chamber 203.

The tank wall of the piston tank 204 is provided with a plurality of orifices 2040 and a piston tank interface 2041 which are distributed radially; orifice 2040 is used to ensure that the mixture communicates between high-level reservoir 209 and piston low-pressure chamber 213 at a limited rate; when the piston rod 212 moves upward, the low-pressure oil stored in the second low-pressure chamber 2131 compresses the oil-gas mixture in the first low-pressure chamber 2130, discharging the low-pressure oil flowing into the first low-pressure chamber 2130 from the second low-pressure chamber 2131 and the oil-gas mixture in the first low-pressure chamber 2130 into the high-level oil reservoir 209 at a restricted rate; the high-level oil storage tank 209 can store the oil-gas mixture discharged through the limiting device 211 and supplement oil for the piston low-pressure chamber 213; the piston-tank interfaces 2041 are equally spaced and spatially located below the piston assembly 215, with the compressed liquid for the gas-liquid chamber 205 communicating with the piston chamber of the piston tank 204 at a limited rate. The air tank port 2012, the air tank port 2020, the orifice 2040, and the piston tank port 2041 form communication of the air tank 201, the air tank 202, and the piston tank 204.

Example 1:

the integrated cable gas-liquid compensator is in a running state by winding a cable around the movable pulley block and the fixed pulley block and finally to a load, wherein the movable pulley block and the fixed pulley block have various arrangement modes.

As shown in fig. 6, 7 and 8, the integrated cable gas-liquid compensator comprises a movable pulley block 1, a gas-liquid compensator assembly 2, a mounting base 3 and a fixed pulley block 4. The installation base 3 is a rectangular flat plate, the fixed pulley block 4 is fixedly installed on the rectangular flat plate, the fixed pulley block 4 is provided with three pulleys with the same structure, the central axes of the three pulleys are in the same direction and are respectively and fixedly installed on three sides of the top surface of the installation base 3 at intervals, the bottom of the gas-liquid compensator component 2 is fixedly installed in the middle of the installation base 3, a piston in the gas-liquid compensator component 2 is fixedly connected with the movable pulley block 1, and the piston reciprocates in the gas-liquid compensator component 2 along the vertical direction; the movable pulley block 1 is provided with two pulleys with the same structure, and the central axes of the two pulleys of the movable pulley block 1 are in the same direction and are vertical to the central axis of the pulley of the fixed pulley block 4 in space; the mounting base 3 is fixedly connected with a salvage ship, a drilling ship or a semi-submersible drilling platform; the movable pulley block 1 and the fixed pulley block 4 are used for winding a cable, and two ends of the cable are respectively connected with a cable winding and unwinding device and a load; the gas-liquid compensator component 2 is internally provided with a plurality of annular chambers which are communicated with each other, and the piston rod in the gas-liquid compensator component 2 are driven by the action of the plurality of annular chambers which are communicated with each other to drive the movable pulley block 1 to effectively control the tension of a cable.

In either direction, in order to move the piston assembly 215, fluid must flow through the gap opening between the cylindrical surfaces of the piston rod 212 and the stop 211. The speed of movement of the piston assembly 215 in either direction is limited by the rate at which hydraulic oil is displaced through the opening between the cylindrical surfaces of the piston rod 212 and the stop 211 and the rate at which hydraulic oil is displaced through the orifice 2040, the piston tank interface 2041, and the gas is displaced through the gas-liquid tank interface 2020.

In the present invention, the opening area required for the outlet tank port 2020, the piston tank port 2041 and the orifice 2040, the opening area between the cylindrical surfaces of the piston rod 212 and the limiting means 211 are calculated by the size of each chamber of the compensator, the maximum required piston movement speed, the maximum load exerted by the cable on the piston rod, the physical properties of the fluid and the allowable fluid pressure drop.

If a failure such as a cable break should result in a sudden decrease or even a sudden loss of load, the gap between the gas-liquid port 2020, the piston tank port 2041, the orifice 2040, and the cylindrical surface of the piston rod 212 and the stop 211 should be sized to prevent sudden and uncontrolled acceleration of the piston assembly 215. In the event of a sudden loss of load, the piston assembly 215 will be limited to movement at a safe speed, so that when the conical surface of the buffer stop bushing 214 contacts the conical surface of the stop 211, the piston rod 212 will reach a maximum distance of movement, while the piston assembly 215 is not in contact with the stop 211.

Example 2:

on the basis of embodiment 1, a plurality of mutually communicated annular chambers comprise a gas storage chamber 203, a gas-liquid chamber 205 and a piston chamber, a piston rod 212 is arranged in the piston chamber, the piston rod 212 reciprocates in the piston chamber, the plurality of mutually communicated annular chambers have design pressure, and high-pressure gas in the gas storage chamber 203 is connected with the gas-liquid chamber 205, so that a certain precompression is applied to oil in the gas-liquid chamber 205 and the piston chamber; the pressurized oil forces the piston rod 212 of the piston chamber outwards, thereby increasing the distance between the movable pulley block 1 and the stationary pulley block 4 for cable tensioning. When the piston assembly 215 is in contact with the limiting device 211 at the same time, the conical surface of the limiting device 211 is in buffer contact with the conical surface of the buffer limiting bushing 214, so that the longitudinal force and the inclined force applied to the buffer limiting bushing 214 effectively prevent the piston rod 212 from moving outwards further, the movement of the piston rod 212 is limited, the piston rod 212 is moved in place, and the situation that the piston speed is uncontrolled when a cable fault occurs is prevented.

Example 3:

as shown in fig. 9, the connection relationship between the gas-liquid compensator assembly 2 of the integrated cable-type gas-liquid compensator of the present invention and the external auxiliary equipment is as follows:

The compressed gas required at the gas inlet end of the gas-liquid compensator assembly 2 is provided by an air compressor unit or any alternative compressed gas source and is connected with the control valve group by a gas pipeline with a corresponding drift diameter specification. The control valve group comprises a pressure regulating valve, a safety valve, an exhaust valve and related control valve members of the gas. The control valve group is connected with the gas-liquid compensator component 2 through a gas pipeline with corresponding drift diameter specification, the gas pipeline is connected with the switching valve, and the switching valve is connected with an interface of the gas-liquid compensator component 2 through the gas pipeline.

The hydraulic oil needed by the oil inlet end of the gas-liquid compensator component 2 is provided by a hydraulic unit or any alternative oil source, and is connected with the interface of the gas-liquid compensator component 2 by a hydraulic pipeline with corresponding drift diameter specification, and a stop valve is arranged in the hydraulic pipeline.

Example 4:

as shown in fig. 3, 4 and 5, the present embodiment is such that in a typical application on a vessel, the tension on the cable will vary with the heave motion of the vessel on the waterline. When the tension on the cable decreases, the gas pressure exerted by the compressed gas in the gas storage chamber 203 is applied to the hydraulic oil in the gas-liquid chamber 205 through the gas-liquid tank port 2020.

When tension on the cable is relaxed, the gas pressure acting above the oil in the gas-liquid chamber 205 forces hydraulic oil in the gas-liquid chamber 205 into the piston high pressure chamber at the lower end of the piston assembly 215 within the piston tank 204, thereby exerting a force on the fifth end face 212i, the fourth end face 212g and the bottom face of the piston assembly 215, and at the same time, the chamber where the high pressure oil enters the piston tank 204 is also able to lubricate the inner wall of the piston tank 204, preventing frictional damage to the piston assembly 215 during movement. Under the bottom oil pressure of the piston assembly 215, the piston assembly 215 moves upward, forcing the hydraulic oil in the piston low pressure chamber 213 to be discharged from the gap opening between the piston rod 212 and the cylindrical surface of the stopper 211. As the discharged hydraulic oil is pressed from the piston low pressure chamber 213 to the space formed by the top surface of the cylindrical disk 210, the piston tank 204 and the piston rod 212, the gas in the space is compressed, and simultaneously the hydraulic oil flows into the high-level oil reservoir 209 through the restriction 2040, and the restriction flow of the hydraulic oil controls the upward movement speed of the piston assembly 215. The upward movement of the piston rod 212 thus increases the distance between the fixed pulley block 4 and the movable pulley block 1 mounted at the upper end of the piston rod 212, thereby eliminating the slack of the cable.

Example 5:

on the basis of embodiment 3, when the tension on the cable suddenly increases, the piston rod 212 moves downward to reduce the distance between the fixed pulley block 4 and the movable pulley block 1 mounted at the upper end of the piston rod 212, thereby reducing the tension. To accomplish this compensating movement, additional tension applied to the cable will force piston rod 212 to move toward lower end cap 200, drawing low pressure oil from the space between the top surface of cylindrical disk 210 and piston canister 204 and piston rod 212 and high level reservoir 209 through the clearance opening between piston rod 212 and the cylindrical surface of stop 211 into piston low pressure chamber 213 while exhausting a portion of the high pressure oil from the lower end of piston assembly 215 from the piston high pressure chamber back into gas-liquid chamber 205 through piston canister interface 2041, thereby compressing the gas in gas storage chamber 203.

In the present invention, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly, and for example, "connected" may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; "coupled" may be directly coupled or indirectly coupled through intermediaries. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.

The shapes of the various components in the drawings are illustrative, and do not exclude certain differences from the actual shapes thereof, and the drawings are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

Although the invention has been disclosed in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is to be understood that such description is merely illustrative and is not intended to limit the application of the invention. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and may include various modifications, alterations and equivalents of the invention without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention.

Claims

1. An integrated cable type gas-liquid compensator is characterized by comprising a gas-liquid compensator component (2) and a pulley block; the pulley block comprises a fixed pulley block and a movable pulley block, and is respectively positioned at two ends of the gas-liquid compensator group, a cable is wound on the pulley block, one end of the cable is connected with a cable collecting device, and the other end of the cable is connected with a load; the integrated cable type gas-liquid compensator controls the distance between the pulley blocks at two ends of the gas-liquid compensator group to keep constant tension of cables;

the gas-liquid compensator assembly (2) comprises a plurality of annular chambers and a piston rod assembly which are communicated with each other;

2. The integrated cable gas-liquid compensator of claim 1, wherein the gas-liquid compensator assembly (2) is of a cylindrical structure as a whole and comprises a lower end cover (200), a gas storage tank (201), a gas liquid tank (202), a gas storage chamber (203), a piston tank (204), a gas-liquid chamber (205), an upper end cover (206) and a high-level oil storage tank (209); the air storage tank (201) comprises a lower end mounting flange (2010) and an upper end mounting flange (2011);

The lower end cover (200) and the upper end cover (206) are of a disc structure with a central hole; the gas storage tank (201), the gas-liquid tank (202) and the piston tank (204) are of hollow cylindrical structures and are identical in height, the inner diameter of the gas storage tank (201) is larger than that of the gas-liquid tank (202), the inner diameter of the gas-liquid tank (202) is larger than that of the piston tank (204), the gas storage tank (201) is sleeved with the gas-liquid tank (202), and the gas-liquid tank (202) is sleeved with the piston tank (204); the top surfaces and the bottom surfaces of the air storage tank (201), the air liquid tank (202) and the piston tank (204) are respectively coplanar; the central shafts of the lower end cover (200), the air storage tank (201), the air liquid tank (202), the piston tank (204) and the upper end cover (206) are coaxial;

the lower end mounting flange (2010) is positioned at the periphery of the bottom of the air storage tank (201) and the bottom surface of the lower end mounting flange is coplanar with the bottom surface of the air storage tank (201), and the upper end mounting flange (2011) is positioned at the periphery of the top of the air storage tank (201) and the top surface of the lower end mounting flange is coplanar with the top surface of the air storage tank (201); the diameters of the lower end mounting flange (2010) and the upper end mounting flange (2011) are respectively matched with the diameters of the lower end cover (200) and the upper end cover (206);

The lower end mounting flange (2010), the upper end mounting flange (2011), the lower end cover (200) and the upper end cover (206) are provided with mounting holes, the bottom surfaces of the air storage tank (201), the air liquid tank (202) and the piston tank (204) are connected and sealed through the lower end cover (200) and the lower end mounting flange (2010), and the top surfaces of the air storage tank (201), the air liquid tank (202) and the piston tank (204) are connected and sealed through the upper end cover (206) and the upper end mounting flange (2011);

the lower end cover (200), the upper end cover (206), the air storage tank (201), the air liquid tank (202) and the piston tank (204) form the annular chamber.

3. The integrated cable gas-liquid compensator of claim 2 wherein the gas tank (201) includes a gas tank port (2012), the gas tank (202) includes a gas tank port (2020), and the piston tank (204) includes an orifice (2040) and a piston tank port (2041);

the upper end of the tank wall of the gas tank (201) is provided with a plurality of gas tank interfaces (2012) which are distributed radially, the upper end of the tank wall of the gas tank (202) is provided with a plurality of gas tank interfaces (2020) which are distributed radially, and the tank wall of the piston tank (204) is provided with a plurality of orifices (2040) and piston tank interfaces (2041) which are distributed radially;

-the air reservoir interface (2012), the air-liquid reservoir interface (2020), the orifice (2040) and the piston-tank interface (2041) form a fluid interconnection between the air reservoir (201), the air-liquid reservoir (202) and the piston-tank (204);

the gas storage tank interface (2012), the gas-liquid tank interface (2020), the orifice (2040) and the piston tank interface (2041) form a communication structure of the annular chamber.

4. The integrated cable gas-liquid compensator of claim 3, wherein the gas-liquid compensator assembly (2) further comprises a cylindrical disc (210), a limiting device (211) and a stop ring (216), the cylindrical disc (210), the limiting device (211) and the stop ring (216) forming the limiting structure;

the cylindrical disk (210) is a disk structure with a central hole; -the central axis of the cylindrical disc (210) is coaxial with the central axis of the annular chamber; the cylindrical disc (210) horizontally penetrates through the tank wall of the piston tank (204) and is positioned in the upper area of the piston tank (204), the periphery of the cylindrical disc (210) is tightly attached to the inner wall of the gas-liquid tank (202), and the inner ring of the cylindrical disc (210) is positioned in the piston tank (204);

The limiting device (211) is a limiting buffer support bushing and is fixedly connected with the cylindrical disc (210); two surfaces of the limiting device (211) are limited by the cylindrical disc (210) and the piston tank (204) respectively, and the back surface of the limiting device (211) attached to the piston tank (204) adopts a structure from a cylindrical surface to a conical surface;

the stop ring (216) is of a hollow annular structure and is provided with a central hole coaxial with the piston tank (204), and the stop ring (216) is fixedly connected with the inner bottom surface of the lower end cover (200).

5. The integrated cable gas-liquid compensator of claim 4 wherein the inner wall of the gas storage tank (201), the outer wall of the gas tank (202), the lower end cap (200) and the upper end cap (206) form the gas storage chamber (203), the gas storage chamber (203) being the outer layer chamber; the inner wall of the gas-liquid tank (202), the outer wall of the piston tank (204), the lower end cover (200) and the bottom surface of the cylindrical disk (210) form a gas-liquid chamber (205), and the gas-liquid chamber (205) is the middle-layer chamber; the inner wall of the gas-liquid tank (202), the outer wall of the piston tank (204), the upper end cover (206) and the top surface of the cylindrical disk (210) form the high-level oil storage tank (209); the piston tank (204) is internally provided with the inner layer chamber.

6. The integrated cable gas-liquid compensator of claim 4 wherein the gas-liquid compensator assembly (2) further comprises a piston rod (212), a buffer stop bushing (214) and a piston assembly (215);

the piston rod (212), the buffering limiting bushing (214) and the piston assembly (215) form the piston rod assembly and are positioned inside the piston tank (204); one end of the piston rod (212) is provided with a multistage stepped shaft, the other end of the piston rod is provided with a round rod, one end of the multistage stepped shaft is provided with the buffering limiting bushing (214) and the piston assembly (215), and the end of the round rod is connected with the pulley block;

a design gap is arranged between the round rod of the piston rod (212) and the inner diameter of the cylindrical disc (210), and the design gap and the restriction orifice (2040) form a fluid speed limiting structure of hydraulic oil in the inner layer cavity, so that the movement speed of the piston rod assembly is limited;

the multistage stepped shaft of the piston rod (212) comprises a first stepped shaft (2120), a second stepped shaft (2121), a third stepped shaft (2122), a fourth stepped shaft (2123), a first end face (212 a), a first cylindrical face (212 b), a second end face (212 c), a second cylindrical face (212 d), a third end face (212 e), a third cylindrical face (212 f), a fourth end face (212 g), a fourth cylindrical face (212 h) and a fifth end face (212 i); a design gap is formed between the fourth cylindrical surface (212 h) and the inner wall of the central hole of the stop ring (216);

-the first stepped shaft (2120) extends from the first end face (212 a) to the second end face (212 c) from the first cylindrical face (212 b), -the second stepped shaft (2121) extends from the second end face (212 c) to the third end face (212 e) from the second cylindrical face (212 d), -the third stepped shaft (2122) extends from the third end face (212 e) to the fourth end face (212 g) from the third cylindrical face (212 f), and-the fourth stepped shaft (2123) extends from the fourth end face (212 g) to the fifth end face (212 i) from the fourth cylindrical face (212 h);

the buffering limiting bushing (214) is a conical surface supporting bushing, and the buffering limiting bushing (214) is fixedly sleeved on the first stepped shaft (2120) and is in fit limit with the first end surface (212 a); the piston assembly (215) is fixedly sleeved on the first stepped shaft (2120) and the second stepped shaft (2121) and is in fit limit with the buffer limit bushing (214) and the third end surface (212 e);

the conical surface of the buffering limiting bushing (214) is matched with the structural size of the conical surface of the limiting device (211); the piston rod (212) moves outwards to a proper position, and the conical surface of the limiting device (211) is in buffer contact with the conical surface of the buffer limiting bushing (214).

7. The integrated cable gas-liquid compensator of claim 6, wherein the gas-liquid compensator assembly (2) further comprises a piston low pressure chamber (213) and a piston high pressure chamber;

-the piston assembly (215) divides the piston tank (204) into the piston high pressure chamber and the piston low pressure chamber (213); the top of the piston assembly (215) is the piston low-pressure chamber (213), and the bottom of the piston assembly (215) is the piston high-pressure chamber;

the piston low pressure chamber (213) comprises a first low pressure chamber (2130) and a second low pressure chamber (2131); the space formed by the piston tank (204), the upper end cover (206), the cylindrical disc (210) and the piston rod (212) is the first low-pressure cavity (2130); the piston rod (212) moves outwards to a position, and a cavity structure formed by the piston tank (204), the limiting device (211), the buffering limiting bushing (214) and the piston assembly (215) is the second low-pressure cavity (2131).

8. The integrated cable gas-liquid compensator of claim 7 wherein the central bore diameter of the cylindrical disk (210) is smaller than the diameter of the piston low pressure chamber (213).

9. An integrated cable gas-liquid compensator according to claim 3, wherein the gas-liquid tank interface (2020) is dimensioned based on the flow rates of the gas storage chamber (203) and the gas-liquid chamber (205);

The piston-tank interface (2041) is sized based on a flow rate between the gas-liquid chamber (205) and the piston chamber.

10. The integrated cable gas-liquid compensator of claim 2, wherein the gas-liquid compensator assembly (2) further comprises a relief valve (207), an open end cap (208) and a seal (217);

the circle center of the open end cover (208) is provided with a circular hole, the periphery of the open end cover (208) is fixedly arranged with the inner wall of the circular hole of the upper end cover (206), and the sealing element (217) is arranged in the inner ring of the open end cover (208);

the upper end cover (206) is provided with a runner hole, and the safety valve (207) is arranged in the runner hole of the upper end cover (206).