CN116179638A - Preparation method of protamine polypeptide and product - Google Patents
Preparation method of protamine polypeptide and product Download PDFInfo
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- CN116179638A CN116179638A CN202310473783.4A CN202310473783A CN116179638A CN 116179638 A CN116179638 A CN 116179638A CN 202310473783 A CN202310473783 A CN 202310473783A CN 116179638 A CN116179638 A CN 116179638A
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- 102000007327 Protamines Human genes 0.000 title claims abstract description 123
- 108010007568 Protamines Proteins 0.000 title claims abstract description 123
- 229940048914 protamine Drugs 0.000 title claims abstract description 119
- 108090000765 processed proteins & peptides Proteins 0.000 title claims abstract description 52
- 229920001184 polypeptide Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 102000004196 processed proteins & peptides Human genes 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 9
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 210000001550 testis Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 241000972773 Aulopiformes Species 0.000 claims description 40
- 235000019515 salmon Nutrition 0.000 claims description 40
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 39
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims description 11
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims description 11
- 108090000145 Bacillolysin Proteins 0.000 claims description 9
- 102000035092 Neutral proteases Human genes 0.000 claims description 9
- 108091005507 Neutral proteases Proteins 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000022 bacteriostatic agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 108091005804 Peptidases Proteins 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004365 Protease Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 102100037486 Reverse transcriptase/ribonuclease H Human genes 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 abstract description 15
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229920002477 rna polymer Polymers 0.000 abstract description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 238000009777 vacuum freeze-drying Methods 0.000 description 12
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 241000881711 Acipenser sturio Species 0.000 description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 5
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 4
- 241000222122 Candida albicans Species 0.000 description 4
- 241000588724 Escherichia coli Species 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241000191967 Staphylococcus aureus Species 0.000 description 4
- 229940095731 candida albicans Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 235000019688 fish Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229950008679 protamine sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 4
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000415 inactivating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008363 phosphate buffer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000008055 phosphate buffer solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- YBYRMVIVWMBXKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylmethanesulfonyl fluoride Chemical compound FS(=O)(=O)CC1=CC=CC=C1 YBYRMVIVWMBXKQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 1
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 235000019750 Crude protein Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012880 LB liquid culture medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000277331 Salmonidae Species 0.000 description 1
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002306 biochemical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002537 cosmetic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001627 detrimental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000502 dialysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012869 ethanol precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001963 growth medium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002607 heparin antagonist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012629 purifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001356 surgical procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- YNJBWRMUSHSURL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(Cl)(Cl)Cl YNJBWRMUSHSURL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003809 water extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P21/00—Preparation of peptides or proteins
- C12P21/06—Preparation of peptides or proteins produced by the hydrolysis of a peptide bond, e.g. hydrolysate products
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L3/00—Preservation of foods or foodstuffs, in general, e.g. pasteurising, sterilising, specially adapted for foods or foodstuffs
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- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P31/00—Antiinfectives, i.e. antibiotics, antiseptics, chemotherapeutics
- A61P31/04—Antibacterial agents
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Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of protamine polypeptide and a product thereof, belonging to the technical field of biology. According to the invention, through optimizing the extraction method of protamine, firstly, the condition of removing RNP (ribonucleic acid) by optimizing the salt content in the testis tissue is considered, secondly, the acid condition during extraction is optimized, and the compound acid is adopted to finish the extraction, so that the finally prepared protamine and protamine polypeptide not only keep a certain yield, but also have a good antibacterial effect, and have practical application significance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of biology, and particularly relates to a preparation method of protamine polypeptide and a product.
Background
Protamine is a polycationic natural peptide and can be used as preservative. Protamine is present in fish testis tissue, binds to DNA, and exists in the form of nuclear protamine. Isolation of protamine requires separation from DNA followed by purification.
At present, salmonidae fishes are mainly used as objects for extracting and separating protamine, and along with the gradual improvement of salmon culture technology, research on a method for extracting protamine from salmon is a direction with great application value.
In both past and modern methods, protamine is extracted by using sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid as main extractant and citrate or organic solvent as purifying agent. In recent years, the extraction process of protamine has been greatly improved and simplified, such as a method for preparing protamine salts, which comprises the steps of treating protamine in a dilute sulfuric acid solution, extracting protamine and mixed proteins, adding an organic solvent such as methanol or ethanol into the extract to precipitate the proteins, separating dry solids, dissolving the solids in warm water, and cooling to precipitate protamine. There are also processes in which protamine is precipitated as phosphate in sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid extract without using an organic solvent and then the precipitate is dissolved in high concentration ammonium sulfate to be double decomposed into protamine sulfate. These methods require intermediate withdrawal and redissolution, which is detrimental to the continuity of the operation.
A method for preparing protamine sulfate is disclosed in chinese patent application No. CN 201210281599.1. Four biochemical techniques of 3% sulfuric acid extraction, 50-79 ℃ warm water extraction, ethanol precipitation and low temperature treatment are adopted, salmon milt is taken as a raw material, and the protamine sulfate is prepared, wherein the specific rotation of the protamine sulfate reaches-72.0 degrees. But the yield is lower and the practical production limit is large.
In the Chinese patent with the application number of CN 201711131728.8, a preparation method of sturgeon protamine and sturgeon protamine polypeptide is disclosed, wherein sturgeon white after impurity removal treatment is chopped into slurry, naCl, naEDTA and PMSF mixed solution are added for homogenizing and stirring, centrifugal separation is carried out, sulfuric acid is added to precipitate for extraction, low-temperature centrifugal separation is carried out, pH of filtrate is regulated by NaOH, ethanol is used for precipitation after dialysis and desalination, acetone and diethyl ether are used for washing, and vacuum freeze drying is carried out to obtain sturgeon crude protein; and purifying to obtain sturgeon protamine. Homogenizing sturgeon protamine with phosphate buffer solution, adding enzyme, radiating with gamma rays, and performing enzymolysis to obtain enzymolysis solution; inactivating enzyme in boiling water, cooling, adding trichloroacetic acid solution, centrifuging, and vacuum freeze drying to obtain sturgeon protamine polypeptide. The sturgeon raw materials are rich, natural and pollution-free, and the prepared protamine and sturgeon protamine polypeptide have high water retention and antibacterial effects, and can be widely used in the fields of foods, cosmetics and medicines; in particular to be used as an anti-heparin agent in external heart surgery. However, the components of the sea water fish and the freshwater fish in the sperm cells of the fish are different, the ideal effect cannot be achieved by simply moving the method, and the method has certain difficulty in operation.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a preparation method of protamine polypeptide.
The preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) Salmon testis according to 1:1M/V was homogenized by adding 0.08-0.12M HCl, followed by HCl: naCl solution was 1: adding 0.1-0.12M NaCl solution at 4V/V, centrifuging, and collecting precipitate;
(2) Adding 1 to the precipitate: 4-6 volume ratio of acid mixed solution to react, and centrifugally filtering to obtain filtrate;
(3) Adding acetone for precipitation, centrifuging, taking the precipitate, and freeze-drying to obtain protamine;
(4) Adding protease into protamine for enzymolysis, adding acetone for precipitation after enzyme deactivation, and centrifuging and freeze-drying to obtain protamine polypeptide.
The composition of the acid mixture is 0.4-0.8M HCl and 0.2-0.4M citric acid.
Preferably, the step (2) may be repeated, that is, after the filtrate is obtained by the first centrifugal filtration, the residue is repeatedly extracted for 3 times, the acid mixture added during the repeated extraction is half of the first addition, and the filtrate is combined and then the operation of the step (3) is performed.
Preferably, in the step (1), HCl is 0.1-0.12M, and NaCl solution is 0.12M; in the step (2), the volume ratio is 1:5.
further preferably, the HCl in step (1) is 0.1M.
Preferably, the composition of the acid mixture is 0.5-0.8M HCl and 0.2-0.4M citric acid.
Further preferably, the composition of the acid mixture is 0.5-0.6M HCl and 0.2-0.3M citric acid.
Further, the composition of the acid mixture is 0.5M HCl and 0.2M citric acid.
Specifically, the centrifugation condition in the step (1) is 4 ℃ and 4000r/min.
Specifically, the reaction condition of the acid mixture in the step (2) is room temperature.
Specifically, the centrifugation condition in the step (3) is 5000 r/min for 10min.
Specifically, the enzyme in the step (4) is neutral protease.
Specifically, the neutral protease is used in an amount of 0.1% m/m of protamine.
Specifically, the centrifugation condition in the step (4) is 6500 r/min for 20min.
In another aspect, the invention provides protamine or protamine polypeptide prepared by the aforementioned methods of preparation.
In a further aspect, the invention provides the use of a protamine or protamine polypeptide as described above in bacteriostasis.
The application can be the preparation of a bacteriostatic agent.
The application can also be that the protamine or protamine polypeptide is directly used for bacteriostasis.
In a further aspect, the invention provides the use of a protamine or protamine polypeptide as hereinbefore described in a preservative.
In yet another aspect, the invention also provides a preservative or bacteriostatic agent product comprising the aforementioned protamine or protamine polypeptide.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, through optimizing the extraction method of protamine, firstly, the condition of removing RNP (ribonucleic acid) by optimizing the salt content in the testis tissue is considered, secondly, the acid condition during extraction is optimized, and the compound acid is adopted to finish the extraction, so that the finally prepared protamine and protamine polypeptide not only keep a certain yield, but also have a good antibacterial effect, and have practical application significance.
Drawings
FIG. 1 shows the antibacterial activity against E.coli of protamine and protamine polypeptides prepared in examples 1-5.
FIG. 2 shows the antibacterial activity of protamine and protamine polypeptides prepared in examples 1-5 against Staphylococcus aureus.
FIG. 3 shows the antibacterial activity of protamine and protamine polypeptides prepared in examples 1-5 against Candida albicans.
FIG. 4 shows the antibacterial activity against E.coli of protamine and protamine polypeptides prepared in comparative examples 1-8.
FIG. 5 shows the antibacterial activity of protamine and protamine polypeptides prepared in comparative examples 1-8 against Staphylococcus aureus.
FIG. 6 shows the antibacterial activity of protamine and protamine polypeptides prepared in comparative examples 1-8 against Candida albicans.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples, which are not intended to limit the present invention, but are merely illustrative of the present invention. The experimental methods used in the following examples are not specifically described, but the experimental methods in which specific conditions are not specified in the examples are generally carried out under conventional conditions, and the materials, reagents, etc. used in the following examples are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
(1) Cutting 50g of salmon testis after impurity removal treatment, adding 50mL of 0.1M HCl, homogenizing, adding 200mL of 0.1M NaCl solution after homogenization, centrifuging at low temperature of 4 ℃ and 4000r/min, and collecting precipitate;
(2) The volume ratio of the sediment is 1:5 adding an acid mixed solution, wherein the acid mixed solution comprises 0.5M HCl and 0.2M citric acid, extracting for 1h at room temperature, centrifuging at 4 ℃ for 10min, filtering, taking filtrate, repeatedly extracting the filter residue for 3 times, adding the acid mixed solution which is half of the first adding amount during repeated extraction, and combining the filtrate;
(3) Adding acetone into the filtrate obtained in the step (2), standing for 30min, centrifuging for 10min at 5000 r/min to obtain precipitate, and vacuum freeze-drying for 24h to obtain salmon protamine, wherein the weighing count is A;
(4) The protamine obtained in the step (3) is prepared according to the feed liquid ratio of 1:10 (m/V) adding phosphate buffer solution with pH of 7.0, adding neutral protease (Solarbio, model T8021) with an amount of 0.1% of the weight of A, reacting at 45deg.C for 30min, and inactivating enzyme with boiling water for 10min. Cooling, adding acetone, standing for 30min, centrifuging for 20min at 6500/r/min, and vacuum freeze-drying for 24 hr to obtain salmon protamine polypeptide, and weighing and counting to obtain B.
Salmon protamine yield = a/50 x 100%.
Salmon protamine polypeptide yield = B/50 x 100%.
The final calculation of this embodiment is:
the yield of salmon protamine is 17.9%; the yield of salmon protamine polypeptide is 12.4%.
Example 2
(1) Cutting 50g of salmon testis after impurity removal treatment, adding 50mL of 0.12M HCl, homogenizing, adding 200mL of 0.1M NaCl solution after homogenization, centrifuging at low temperature of 4 ℃ and 4000r/min, and collecting precipitate;
(2) The volume ratio of the sediment is 1:5 adding an acid mixed solution, wherein the acid mixed solution comprises 0.6M HCl and 0.3M citric acid, extracting for 1h at room temperature, centrifuging at 4 ℃ for 10min, filtering, taking filtrate, repeatedly extracting the filter residue for 3 times, adding the acid mixed solution which is half of the first adding amount during repeated extraction, and combining the filtrate;
(3) Adding acetone into the filtrate obtained in the step (2), standing for 30min, centrifuging for 10min at 5000 r/min, and vacuum freeze-drying for 24h to obtain salmon protamine, wherein the weighing count is A;
(4) The protamine obtained in the step (3) is prepared according to the feed liquid ratio of 1:10 (m/V) phosphate buffer, pH 7.0, neutral protease (Solarbio, T8021) 0.1% by weight of A was added, and the mixture was reacted at 45℃for 30min and boiled water was used for enzyme deactivation for 10min. Cooling, adding acetone, standing for 30min, centrifuging for 20min at 6500/r/min, and vacuum freeze drying for 24 hr to obtain salmon protamine polypeptide.
Salmon protamine yield = a/50 x 100%.
Salmon protamine polypeptide yield = B/50 x 100%.
The final calculation of this embodiment is:
the yield of salmon protamine is 18.2%; the yield of salmon protamine polypeptide is 11.6%.
Example 3
(1) Cutting 50g of salmon testis after impurity removal treatment, adding 50mL of 0.1M HCl, homogenizing, adding 200mL of 0.12M NaCl solution after homogenizing, centrifuging at low temperature of 4deg.C and 4000r/min, and collecting precipitate;
(2) The volume ratio of the sediment is 1:4 adding an acid mixed solution which comprises 0.8M HCl and 0.2M citric acid, extracting for 1h at room temperature, centrifuging at 4 ℃ for 10min, filtering, taking filtrate, repeatedly extracting the filter residue for 3 times, adding the acid mixed solution which is half of the first adding amount during repeated extraction, and combining the filtrate;
(3) Adding acetone into the filtrate obtained in the step (2), standing for 30min, centrifuging for 10min at 5000 r/min, and vacuum freeze-drying for 24h to obtain salmon protamine, wherein the weighing count is A;
(4) The protamine obtained in the step (3) is prepared according to the feed liquid ratio of 1:10 (m/V) phosphate buffer, pH 7.0, neutral protease (Solarbio, T8021) 0.1% by weight of A was added, and the mixture was reacted at 45℃for 30min and boiled water was used for enzyme deactivation for 10min. Cooling, adding acetone, standing for 30min, centrifuging for 20min at 6500/r/min, and vacuum freeze drying for 24 hr to obtain salmon protamine polypeptide.
Salmon protamine yield = a/50 x 100%.
Salmon protamine polypeptide yield = B/50 x 100%.
The final calculation of this embodiment is:
the yield of salmon protamine is 16.4%; the yield of salmon protamine polypeptide is 10.2%.
Example 4
(1) Cutting 50g of salmon testis after impurity removal treatment, adding 50mL of 0.1M HCl, homogenizing, adding 200mL of 0.12M NaCl solution after homogenizing, centrifuging at low temperature of 4deg.C and 4000r/min, and collecting precipitate;
(2) The volume ratio of the sediment is 1: adding an acid mixed solution which comprises 0.6M HCl and 0.4M citric acid, extracting for 1h at room temperature, centrifuging at 4 ℃ for 10min, filtering, taking filtrate, repeatedly extracting the filter residue for 3 times, adding the acid mixed solution which is half of the first adding amount during repeated extraction, and combining the filtrate;
(3) Adding acetone into the filtrate obtained in the step (2), standing for 30min, centrifuging for 10min at 5000 r/min, and vacuum freeze-drying for 24h to obtain salmon protamine, wherein the weighing count is A;
(4) The protamine obtained in the step (3) is prepared according to the feed liquid ratio of 1:10 (m/V) phosphate buffer, pH 7.0, neutral protease (Solarbio, T8021) 0.1% by weight of A was added, and the mixture was reacted at 45℃for 30min and boiled water was used for enzyme deactivation for 10min. Cooling, adding acetone, standing for 30min, centrifuging for 20min at 6500/r/min, and vacuum freeze drying for 24 hr to obtain salmon protamine polypeptide.
Salmon protamine yield = a/50 x 100%.
Salmon protamine polypeptide yield = B/50 x 100%.
The final calculation of this embodiment is:
the yield of salmon protamine is 16.2%; the yield of salmon protamine polypeptide is 11.8%.
Example 5
(1) Cutting 50g of salmon testis after impurity removal treatment, adding 50mL of HCl with the concentration of 0.08M, homogenizing, adding 200mL of NaCl solution with the concentration of 0.12M after homogenizing is finished, centrifuging at the low temperature of 4 ℃ and 4000r/min, and taking precipitate;
(2) The volume ratio of the sediment is 1: adding an acid mixed solution which comprises 0.4M HCl and 0.4M citric acid, extracting at room temperature for 1h, centrifuging at 4 ℃ for 10min, filtering, taking filtrate, repeatedly extracting the filter residue for 3 times, adding the acid mixed solution which is half of the first adding amount during repeated extraction, and combining the filtrate;
(3) Adding acetone into the filtrate obtained in the step (2), standing for 30min, centrifuging for 10min at 5000 r/min to obtain precipitate, and vacuum freeze-drying for 24h to obtain salmon protamine, wherein the weighing count is A;
(4) The protamine obtained in the step (3) is prepared according to the feed liquid ratio of 1:10 (m/V) adding phosphate buffer solution with pH of 7.0, adding neutral protease (Solarbio, model T8021) with an amount of 0.1% of the weight of A, reacting at 45deg.C for 30min, and inactivating enzyme with boiling water for 10min. Cooling, adding acetone, standing for 30min, centrifuging for 20min at 6500/r/min, and vacuum freeze-drying for 24 hr to obtain salmon protamine polypeptide, and weighing and counting to obtain B.
Salmon protamine yield = a/50 x 100%.
Salmon protamine polypeptide yield = B/50 x 100%.
The final calculation of this embodiment is:
the yield of salmon protamine is 17.1%; the yield of salmon protamine polypeptide is 11.3%.
Verification of antibacterial effect
Antibacterial effect verification of protamine and protamine polypeptide obtained in examples 1 to 5:
protamine or protamine polypeptide is dissolved in pure water at a concentration of 25g/L and 50 g/L;
preparing LB liquid culture medium with pH of 7.0-7.5 by selecting Escherichia coli, staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans as inhibiting objects, subpackaging culture medium with test tube of 4mL, sterilizing for 20min, and adding about 10 bacteria per tube 8 Adding protamine or protamine polypeptide solution 1 mL, mixing, culturing at 37deg.C for 12 hr, and detecting OD value. A blank control was set and pure water was added.
Antibacterial ratio = (OD control-OD sample)/OD control x 100%.
The results are shown in FIGS. 1-3. The results show that the actual acting concentration of the protamine and the protamine polypeptide prepared in the examples 1-5 is 5g/L and 10g/L, and the protamine polypeptide have good antibacterial effects on the escherichia coli CGMCC 1.1366, the staphylococcus aureus CGMCC 14519 and the candida albicans ATCC 10231, and the antibacterial effect of the protamine polypeptide is better.
Comparative example
Comparative examples were set up with reference to the procedure of example 1, see in particular table 1.
TABLE 1 setting conditions of comparative examples
The yields of protamine and protamine polypeptides prepared in comparative examples 1-7 were counted and the results are shown in Table 2.
Table 2 comparative protamine and protamine polypeptide yields
The results of the bacteriostasis experiments are shown in figures 4-6. The results show that the protamine and protamine peptide prepared by the method have better antibacterial effect.
Claims (13)
1. A method for preparing a protamine polypeptide, comprising the steps of:
(1) Salmon testis according to 1:1M/V was homogenized by adding 0.08-0.12M HCl, followed by HCl: naCl solution was 1: adding 0.1-0.12M NaCl solution at 4V/V, centrifuging, and collecting precipitate;
(2) Adding 1 to the precipitate: 4-6 volume ratio of acid mixed solution to react, and centrifugally filtering to obtain filtrate;
(3) Adding acetone for precipitation, centrifuging, taking the precipitate, and freeze-drying to obtain protamine;
(4) Adding protease into protamine for enzymolysis, adding acetone for precipitation after enzyme deactivation, and centrifuging and freeze-drying to obtain protamine polypeptide;
the composition of the acid mixed solution in the step (2) is 0.4-0.8M HCl and 0.2-0.4M citric acid;
the enzyme in the step (4) is neutral protease;
the dosage of the neutral protease is 0.1% m/m of protamine.
2. The process according to claim 1, wherein in step (1), HCl is 0.1 to 0.12M and NaCl solution is 0.12M; in the step (2), the volume ratio is 1:5.
3. the process of claim 2, wherein the HCl in step (1) is 0.1M.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the composition of the acid mixture is 0.5-0.8M HCl and 0.2-0.4M citric acid.
5. The process of claim 4, wherein the acid mixture comprises 0.5-0.6M HCl and 0.2-0.3M citric acid.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the composition of the acid mixture is 0.5M HCl and 0.2M citric acid.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the centrifugation conditions in the step (1) are 4℃and 4000r/min.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the condition for the acid mixture in the step (2) is room temperature.
9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the centrifugation condition in the step (3) is 5000 r/min for 10min.
10. The method according to claim 1, wherein the centrifugation condition in the step (4) is 6500 r/min for 20min.
11. A protamine or protamine polypeptide prepared by the method of any one of claims 1-10.
12. Use of a protamine or protamine polypeptide of claim 11 in a preservative.
13. A preservative or bacteriostatic agent comprising a protamine or protamine polypeptide according to claim 11.
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