CN116169947A - Energy conversion assembly and energy conversion system having the same - Google Patents
Energy conversion assembly and energy conversion system having the same Download PDFInfo
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- CN116169947A CN116169947A CN202111414951.XA CN202111414951A CN116169947A CN 116169947 A CN116169947 A CN 116169947A CN 202111414951 A CN202111414951 A CN 202111414951A CN 116169947 A CN116169947 A CN 116169947A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
- H02S40/20—Optical components
- H02S40/22—Light-reflecting or light-concentrating means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
- H02S20/30—Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment
- H02S20/32—Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment specially adapted for solar tracking
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
- H02S40/40—Thermal components
- H02S40/42—Cooling means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S40/00—Components or accessories in combination with PV modules, not provided for in groups H02S10/00 - H02S30/00
- H02S40/40—Thermal components
- H02S40/44—Means to utilise heat energy, e.g. hybrid systems producing warm water and electricity at the same time
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators
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Abstract
The application discloses an energy conversion assembly and an energy conversion system having the same. The energy conversion assembly includes an optical radiation collection unit and an energy conversion unit. The optical radiation collection unit is configured to collect optical radiation incident on a surface thereof such that the optical radiation is concentrated above the energy conversion unit. The energy conversion unit is configured to convert the concentrated optical radiation into electrical energy. The area of the energy conversion unit is related to the light collection index of the light radiation collection unit, and the location of the concentration of the concentrated light radiation on the energy conversion unit varies over time.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of energy, and in particular, to an energy conversion assembly and an energy conversion system having the same.
Background
Nowadays, energy and carbon emission problems have become an increasingly interesting field worldwide. In order to achieve the purpose of environmental protection, popularization and popularization of clean energy use are important means. Such as solar energy, wind energy, water energy, etc. The clean energy can be converted into electric energy through the energy conversion device for use in production and living, and no pollutant is generated in the process. Therefore, the conversion efficiency and the production cost of the energy conversion device are also aspects that need attention. Taking solar energy as an example, if cost reduction is required to be achieved in a photovoltaic system for converting solar energy into electric energy, efficiency of a photovoltaic module needs to be further improved, and a low-cost and reliable module is adopted.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the embodiments of the present application is how to achieve normal conversion efficiency or high conversion efficiency of an energy conversion system on the premise of low cost.
In order to solve the above problems, the present application discloses an energy conversion assembly comprising an optical radiation collection unit and an energy conversion unit. The optical radiation collection unit is configured to collect optical radiation incident on a surface thereof such that the optical radiation is concentrated above the energy conversion unit. The energy conversion unit is configured to convert the concentrated optical radiation into electrical energy. The area of the energy conversion unit is related to the light collection index of the light radiation collection unit, and the location of the concentration of the concentrated light radiation on the energy conversion unit varies over time.
In a possible implementation, the optical radiation collection unit comprises a condenser lens, the condenser lens having a condenser power below a preset threshold.
In one possible implementation, the condensing lens includes a fresnel lens.
In one possible implementation, the energy conversion unit includes a battery piece, and a side length of the battery piece is determined based on at least a condensing multiple of the condensing lens and a focal length.
In one possible implementation, the location of the concentration of the concentrated optical radiation on the battery plate moves over time along the mounting direction of the long side of the battery plate during a first period of time.
In one possible implementation, the installation direction of the long side is the north-south longitudinal direction or the east-west transverse direction.
In one possible implementation, the first period of time includes one day, or one year.
In one possible implementation, the battery piece includes at least one of a monocrystalline silicon battery, a polycrystalline silicon battery, a stacked battery, a perovskite battery, and a thin film battery.
In one possible implementation, the energy conversion assembly further comprises an energy recovery unit configured to absorb thermal energy generated when the energy conversion unit is in operation.
Another aspect of the present application discloses an energy conversion system comprising one or more energy conversion assemblies as described above.
In one possible implementation, the energy conversion system further comprises a motion assembly configured to cause the optical radiation to impinge on a surface of the energy collection assembly of the energy conversion assembly at a preset angle to a plane in which the surface of the optical radiation collection assembly lies.
In one possible implementation, the preset angle includes any one of 66.5 ° to 113.5 °.
In one possible implementation, the motion component periodically adjusts the pose of the energy conversion system with the angle of incidence of the optical radiation, with a second period of time as a period.
In one possible implementation, the second period of time is 1 day.
The energy conversion assembly disclosed herein uses an optical radiation collection unit to enhance the energy conversion efficiency of the energy conversion unit. Meanwhile, the area of the energy conversion unit is reduced while the higher energy conversion efficiency is ensured, and the production cost is reduced.
Drawings
The present application will be further illustrated by way of example embodiments, which will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments are not limiting, in which like numerals represent like structures, wherein:
FIG. 1 is an exemplary structural schematic diagram of an energy conversion assembly shown in accordance with some embodiments of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary optical analysis of optical radiation concentration shown in accordance with some embodiments of the present application;
FIG. 3A is an exemplary schematic illustration of a change in the concentration location of optical radiation shown in accordance with some embodiments of the present application;
FIG. 3B is another exemplary schematic illustration of a change in the concentration location of optical radiation shown in accordance with some embodiments of the present application;
FIG. 4 is an output power-voltage curve of a battery cell according to some embodiments of the present application;
FIG. 5 is a graph of photoelectric conversion efficiency of a battery cell according to some embodiments of the present application;
FIG. 6 is a current-voltage curve of a battery cell shown according to some embodiments of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a graph of temperature profile of a battery cell according to some embodiments of the present application; and
fig. 8 is a graph of maximum temperature variation of a battery cell according to some embodiments of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present application more comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present application. This application is, however, susceptible of embodiment in many other forms than those described herein and similar modifications can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the application, and therefore the application is not to be limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and the like are used herein for illustrative purposes only.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein in the description of the application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the application. The term "and/or" and/or "as used herein includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
Some preferred embodiments of the present application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the following description is for illustrative purposes and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application.
FIG. 1 is an exemplary schematic diagram of an energy conversion assembly according to some embodiments of the present application. The energy conversion assembly may be used at least for photoelectric conversion. For example, light energy is converted into electrical energy. The energy conversion assembly may also be used for photothermal conversion. For example, light energy is converted into thermal energy.
As shown in fig. 1, the energy conversion assembly 100 may include an optical radiation collection unit 110 and an energy conversion unit 120. The optical radiation collection unit 110 may be disposed above the energy conversion unit 120 and configured to collect optical radiation incident on a surface thereof such that the optical radiation is concentrated above the energy conversion unit 120. The optical radiation collection unit 110 may include a condensing lens that may obtain different condensing multiples by adjusting a distance between the condensing lens and the battery sheet, for example, the condensing multiples may be 2 times, 4 times, 9 times, 16 times, 25 times, 100 times, 256 times, and the like. Alternatively or preferably, the condensing magnification may be a low-power condensing magnification, and in this case, the low-power condensing lens may refer to a lens having a condensing magnification lower than a preset threshold, where the preset threshold may be 25, 36, 49, 64, 81, 100, or the like.
In some embodiments, the condensing lens may include a fresnel lens. In combination with the above example, the condensing lens may be a fresnel lens with low-power condensing. In practice, the fresnel lens may be commercially available. For example, fresnel lenses with fixed specifications and parameters are produced by manufacturers. The fresnel lens may also be customized. For example, a specific insection width and the interval between insections, so as to make the energy distribution of the condensing light spot uniform. In some embodiments, the fresnel lens may be circular or square in shape. Thus, the shape of the light radiation concentrated at the energy conversion unit 120 may also be circular or square.
The energy conversion unit 120 may be a component that realistically converts one form of energy into another. In the present application, the energy conversion unit 120 may be configured to convert at least the concentrated optical radiation into electrical energy. In this scenario, the energy conversion unit 120 may be a photovoltaic cell, for example, the energy conversion unit 120 may be a photovoltaic cell.
The energy conversion assembly in the related art may directly convert the received energy. In contrast, the energy conversion assembly 100 of the embodiments of the present application may concentrate the optical radiation using the optical radiation collecting unit 110 (e.g., fresnel lens) before performing the energy conversion, and thus the size of the energy conversion unit 120 (e.g., battery sheet) required is small compared to that of the energy conversion assembly in the related art.
In some embodiments, the area of the energy conversion unit 120 is related to the light collection index of the light radiation collection unit 110. For example, when the optical radiation collection unit 110 is a condenser lens, the size of the energy conversion unit 120 (e.g., the area of the battery plate) may be related to at least the condensing multiple of the condenser lens and the focal length. In this way, the manufacturing cost of the energy conversion unit 120 can be saved.
Further, since the position of the sun is different at different points of time, the incident angle of the optical radiation on the surface of the optical radiation collecting unit 110 is varied according to a time variation. In practice, the concentration location of the optical radiation concentrated by the optical radiation collection unit 110 on the energy conversion unit 120 varies over time. In short, the position of the collection of the collected optical radiation may be moved in a specific direction when the angle of incidence of the optical radiation varies with time. For example, the sun rises from the east and falls in the west during the day. The direction of incidence of the optical radiation will vary with the position of the sun and the angle of the corresponding angle of incidence will also vary, as will the position of concentration of the concentrated optical radiation. For another example, the angle at which the optical radiation is incident on the earth at a fixed location varies with the change of date within a year, with extreme values occurring in winter and summer. The position of concentration of the concentrated optical radiation will move in the north-south direction. That is, a change in the incident angle of the optical radiation causes a change in the focal position.
Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary optical analysis of optical radiation concentration shown in accordance with some embodiments of the present application. As shown in fig. 2, P 1 P 2 O is the center of the effective collecting surface of the optical radiation collecting unit 110. When the optical radiation collecting unit 110 is a condenser lens, O is the optical center of the condenser element and F is the focal point. When sunlight vertically passes through P 1 P 2 The focused, concentrated sunlight forms a spot AB on the energy conversion unit 120. When the incident angle of the sunlight changes, the sunlight is obliquely incident P at an angle theta 1 P 2 And focused, the concentrated sunlight will form spots a 'B' on the energy conversion unit 120. The position of the spot will move up. And, the degree of the upward movement is related to the magnitude of the angle θ and the performance of the optical radiation collecting unit 110 (for example, the condensing multiple of the condensing lens, the magnitude of the focal length).
In some embodiments, the energy conversion unit 120 may include a battery cell. The battery piece may be a battery piece of an elongated shape. Alternatively, the battery sheet may be a rectangular-shaped battery sheet. In order to keep the light radiation at any time and any incident angle above the cell after being gathered and achieve the purpose of reducing the cost, the size of the cell can be improved.
As an example, assuming that the effective collecting surface of the optical radiation collecting unit 110 is vertically disposed, the incident angle θ of the optical radiation per day may be varied from time to time between 0 ° and 180 °. In this case, the spot AB moves following the change in the incident angle θ. The moving distance may be the same as the length of the effective collecting surface of the optical radiation collecting unit 110, and the moving direction is the same as the changing direction of the sun position, which is the east-west direction.
In another case, assuming that the energy conversion assembly 100 is movable, the position can be adjusted according to the incident angle of the optical radiation so that the optical radiation is incident approximately perpendicularly to the surface of the optical radiation collection unit 110. For example, the energy conversion assembly 100 has a single axis light tracking system coupled thereto that can track the position of the sun throughout the day. In this way the position of the spot AB is not shifted during the day. The battery piece only needs to have the same size as the light spot AB. Further, in consideration of the time period of the year, an angular deviation of the incident angle occurs due to the influence of the rotation/revolution of the earth. With continued reference to fig. 2, the angle of the offset may be 2θ, θ being approximately 23.5 °. The distance that spot AB moves in the north-south direction within a year can also be related to θ. For example, a single axis optical tracking system may cause optical radiation to be incident on a surface of an optical radiation collection assembly at a predetermined angle to a plane in which the surface of the optical radiation collection assembly lies. The predetermined angle ranges between 66.5 ° and 113.5 °, that is, the predetermined angle may be any angle of 66.5 ° to 113.5 °. As shown in fig. 2, the incident angle of the incident optical radiation varies within an angle range constituted by 2θ.
In some embodiments, the side length of the battery plate may be determined based on at least a condensing multiple of the condensing lens and a focal length. In connection with the above description and fig. 2, the side length of one side of the battery sheet may be identical to the length of the effective collecting surface of the optical radiation collecting unit 110 (e.g., the side length of a square fresnel lens or the diameter of a circular fresnel lens). The energy conversion assembly 100 is now stationary. The side length of one side of the rectangular-shaped battery piece may also be the length of the light spot AB. The energy conversion assembly 100 is now movable. The specific description will be described later. Assume a condensing lens P 1 P 2 The length a of the light spot AB can be
The other side of the rectangular shaped cell may have the same side length as the spot AB moves in the north-south direction. Assume a condensing lens P 1 P 2 The focal length of the length of (a) is f, the moving distance b of the spot AB may be +.>
Referring to fig. 3A and 3B, fig. 3A is an exemplary schematic view of a change in a concentration position of optical radiation shown according to some embodiments of the present application, and fig. 3B is another exemplary schematic view of a change in a concentration position of optical radiation shown according to some embodiments of the present application. Fig. 3A shows the movement of the concentrated optical radiation on the cell when the energy conversion assembly is in a 100 stationary state. As shown in fig. 3A, N indicates the arrow indicating the north direction. The mounting position of the rectangular-shaped battery piece may be such that the long side is placed in the east-west lateral direction and the short side is placed in the north-south longitudinal direction. The length of the long side of the rectangular-shaped battery sheet may be identical to the length of the effective collecting surface of the light radiation collecting unit 110. The location of the concentration of the concentrated optical radiation (i.e., the location of the spot of light, shown in square shading in fig. 3A) on the battery plate can be moved in the east-west direction during the day. That is, the concentrated optical radiation may move in the mounting direction of the long sides of the rectangular battery piece. Within a year, the concentration position of the concentrated light radiation on the battery plate can be moved in the north-south direction if only the same time of each day is considered. That is, the collected light radiation can move in the mounting direction of the short side of the rectangular battery piece.
Fig. 3B illustrates the movement of the concentrated optical radiation on the battery plate in a state where the energy conversion assembly 100 can track the angle of incidence of the optical radiation. As shown in fig. 3B, N indicates the arrow indicating the north direction. The mounting position of the rectangular-shaped battery piece may be such that the short side is placed in the east-west lateral direction and the long side is placed in the north-south longitudinal direction. Since the energy conversion assembly 100 can track the angle of incidence of the optical radiation during the day such that the optical radiation is incident perpendicularly or nearly perpendicularly on the surface of the energy collection assembly of the energy conversion assembly, the location of the concentration of the concentrated optical radiation (i.e., the location of the light spot, represented by the square shading in fig. 3B) on the battery plate is unchanged. The location of the concentration of the concentrated optical radiation on the cell can be moved in the north-south direction within a year. That is, the concentrated optical radiation may move in the mounting direction of the long sides of the rectangular battery piece. In any case, the position of the concentration of the concentrated optical radiation on the battery piece moves with time along the mounting direction of the long side of the battery piece in the first period. The first period of time may be one day or one year.
In some embodiments, the battery sheet may include at least one of a single crystal silicon battery, a polycrystalline silicon battery, a stacked battery, a perovskite battery, and a thin film battery. The battery sheet may be a stacked battery, using a double junction stacked battery structure or a multi-junction stacked battery structure, for example.
In some embodiments, the energy conversion unit 120 may further include a heat collecting plate. The heat collecting plate may have the same properties as the battery sheet. For example, the same size of the specification, the same mounting property, and the like. For the relevant content, reference is made to the description of the battery plate above.
In some embodiments, the energy conversion assembly 100 may further include an energy recovery unit 130. The energy recovery unit 130 may be configured to absorb thermal energy generated when the energy conversion unit is operated. As an example, the energy recovery unit 130 may include a heat sink. The heat sink may be disposed below the energy conversion unit 120, so as to absorb heat generated when the energy conversion unit 120 performs photoelectric conversion under the condition of direct sunlight, and avoid the excessive temperature of the energy conversion unit 120. The energy recovery unit 130 may also include other auxiliary heat sinks, such as coolant lines. The coolant tube may be disposed in a serpentine or spiral fashion under the fins with a coolant such as water or ethanol flowing through the tube. May be used to absorb some of the heat. As another example, the energy recovery unit 130 may include an auxiliary heat collector. The auxiliary heat collector sheet may be disposed below the energy conversion unit 120, so as to absorb heat dissipated when the energy conversion unit 120 performs photo-thermal conversion under the condition of direct sunlight, and improve the conversion efficiency of the energy conversion assembly 100.
The energy conversion assembly disclosed herein utilizes concentrated optical radiation to increase the size of the energy conversion unit and reduce cost. Meanwhile, the energy conversion unit still receives the concentrated optical radiation completely under the condition of not using an optical radiation tracking system or using a stable, reliable and low-cost single-shaft optical tracking system, and the working efficiency of the energy conversion unit is not affected.
An energy conversion system is disclosed in some embodiments of the present application. The energy conversion system may include one or more energy conversion assemblies as described above. For example, a plurality of energy conversion assemblies may be arranged in a planar array in a certain order to form the energy conversion system. Each energy conversion assembly may receive optical radiation and perform energy conversion individually and without affecting the other energy conversion assemblies. In some embodiments, the energy conversion system may further include a motion component. The motion assembly may be configured such that optical radiation is incident perpendicularly or approximately perpendicularly to a surface of an energy harvesting assembly of the energy conversion assembly.
In some embodiments, the motion component may be a single axis light tracking component. It is known that receiving incident optical radiation vertically or approximately vertically is advantageous for improving the energy conversion efficiency. And the motion assembly may adjust the position of the energy conversion assembly according to the angle of incidence of the optical radiation. The motion assembly may cause the optical radiation to be incident on the surface of the optical radiation collection assembly at a predetermined angle to a plane in which the surface of the optical radiation collection assembly is located. The preset angle range includes any angle of 66.5 DEG to 113.5 deg. In this way, the optical radiation can be incident approximately perpendicularly to the surface of the energy conversion assembly, improving the energy conversion efficiency. In some embodiments, the motion component periodically adjusts the pose of the energy conversion system with the angle of incidence of the optical radiation with a second period of time as a period. The second period of time may be 1 day. As an example, assume that the initial pose of the energy conversion system is horizontal, that is, a planar array of multiple energy conversion components is parallel to the horizontal plane. The movement track of the sun in one day is from east to west. The angle of incidence of the primary lithographic radiation may be 0 deg., which is parallel to the initial pose of the energy conversion system. At this time, the motion assembly may adjust the pose of the energy conversion system to a vertical pose perpendicular to the horizontal plane. The light radiation at this point will be perpendicularly incident on the energy conversion assembly. As time goes on, the angle of incidence of the optical radiation will become larger, assuming 45 °. The motion assembly can adjust the pose of the energy conversion system to an obliquely placed pose at an angle of 45 degrees to the horizontal plane. When the angle of incidence of the optical radiation becomes 90 °, the motion assembly may reconvert the pose of the energy conversion system to a horizontal position. And when the motion assembly adjusts the pose of the energy conversion system to a vertical pose perpendicular to the horizontal plane again, the incident angle of the light radiation at this time may be 180 °.
The energy conversion assembly disclosed by the application uses the stable and reliable motion assembly with lower cost while utilizing the low-cost energy conversion assembly, so that the energy conversion efficiency of the energy conversion assembly is ensured.
The technical scheme of the application is further described through specific examples. It should be noted that the following specific examples are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the claims.
Example 1 photoelectric conversion analysis 1
Collecting lenses with the same focal length and different collecting multiples are adopted to adapt to battery pieces with different sizes. See table 1 for the size relationship of the different light condensing factors to the cell. Measuring the incident light intensity I of each cell piece at the same time 0 Electrical properties at the time of photoelectric conversion include voltage V, current I, and maximum output power P. And simultaneously determining the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the battery piece. Wherein the photoelectric conversion efficiency η=p/I 0 . Curve fitting was performed and the results are shown in fig. 4-6.
TABLE 1 relation between different condensing times and cell lengths and photoelectric conversion efficiencies
Wherein P is 1 P 2 The effective length of the condensing lens is represented, for example, the side length of a square condensing lens or the diameter of a circular condensing lens. As shown in table 1, as the condensing multiple of the condensing lens increases, the size of the battery cell will decrease and the photoelectric conversion efficiency will increase. Fig. 4 shows output power curves of the battery cells at different light condensing multiples. As shown in fig. 4, when the condensing power of the condensing lens increases, the open circuit voltage of the battery cell increases, and the maximum output power increases. Fig. 5 shows the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the battery cell at different light condensing multiples. As shown in fig. 5, as the condensing magnification of the condensing lens increases, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the battery sheet increases. Fig. 6 shows current-voltage curves of the battery cells at different light condensing multiples. The curve can be used for analyzing the power generation performance of the battery piece. As shown in fig. 6, each battery piece has good distribution performance and reliable data.
Example 2 thermal analysis
The sunlight forms a light-gathering light spot on the battery piece through the light-gathering component, and then a photo-generated current is formed. In addition to the partial energy converted into electrical energy, the remaining energy will be absorbed by the battery plate and converted into heat, so that heat dissipation is needed to the battery plate, and the influence of overheating of the battery plate on the output power of the assembly is avoided.
Taking a square Fresnel lens as a light condensing component, wherein the side length is 156.5mm, and the focal length f is 78.25mm; the heat dissipation part is a copper sheet with 156.5mm multiplied by 1mm, and the heat dissipation with air convection is set to be 20W/K.m 2 The temperature distribution of the battery plate at different light condensing multiples was measured at an ambient temperature of 30 ℃, and the results are shown in fig. 7 and 8.
Fig. 7 shows the temperature distribution of the battery cells in the case of different light condensing factors, and fig. 8 shows the relationship between the highest temperature of the battery cells and the light condensing factor in the case of different light condensing factors. As shown in fig. 7, the temperature distribution of the battery plate was uniform at 68.26 ℃ for the unfocused assembly structure. As the condensing magnification increases, the temperature at the condensing spot increases with the condensing magnification. And the temperature difference of the battery pieces is increased. Fig. 8 illustrates that the maximum temperature of the battery cells is approximately linearly related to the logarithm of the condensing multiple, and the temperature difference of the battery cells increases. In order to avoid overhigh temperature and overlarge temperature difference of the battery, the condensation multiple of the condensation lens used in the application is a low-power condensation multiple which is not more than 100 times.
Example 3-comparative analysis of energy conversion Assembly Performance of different configurations
The power generation of the energy conversion modules of different configurations was measured in parallel under the same external conditions.
The experimental group A adopts a square Fresnel lens with the side length of 156.5mm, the focal length of 78.25mm, the size of a battery piece of 156.5mm multiplied by 85.14mm, the condensation multiple of 25, and the size of a heat dissipation copper plate of 156.5mm multiplied by 1mm. The solar cell is characterized in that a fixing support is adopted, the long side of the cell is east-west, the short side of the cell is south-north, and the light-gathering light spots move in the long side (east-west) direction every day according to the change of the sun position.
The experimental group B adopts a square Fresnel lens with the side length of 156.5mm, the focal length of 78.25mm, the size of a battery piece of 31.3mm multiplied by 85.14mm, the condensation multiple of 25, and the size of a heat dissipation copper plate of 156.5mm multiplied by 1mm. The single-shaft tracking support is adopted, the long sides of the battery pieces are in the north-south direction, the short sides of the battery pieces are in the east-west direction, and the tracking system rotates every day according to the change of the sun position. The spot moves in the long side (north-south) direction of the cell due to the change in solar position during the year.
The comparison group adopts no light condensing part, the size of the battery piece is 156.5mm multiplied by 156.5mm, and sunlight is uniformly irradiated on the battery piece. A fixed bracket is adopted.
And respectively selecting the energy conversion components of the experiment group A, the experiment group B and the comparison group to carry out simulation test on sunny days in a certain four seasons to obtain the power generation amount of the day. As shown in table 2. Compared with the comparison group, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the experimental group B is improved by about 13.58%, and the generated energy is improved by about 14.24%. Compared with the comparison group, the generated energy of the experiment group A is also improved.
The energy conversion assemblies disclosed herein, with or without the motion assembly, have a higher power generation than energy conversion assemblies without light concentration.
Table 2 comparison of the power generation amounts of three groups of energy conversion modules
| spring/Wh | summer/Wh | autumn/Wh | winter/Wh | |
| Experimental group A | 37.34 | 34.00 | 24.26 | 19.15 |
| Experiment group B | 40.94 | 37.29 | 26.64 | 21.03 |
| Comparison group | 35.88 | 32.67 | 23.29 | 18.37 |
Example 4-cost analysis of differently configured energy conversion systems
(1) 72 energy conversion modules (i.e., 72 156.5mm cells) of the same construction as the comparative group of example 3 were packaged into an energy conversion system (e.g., a photovoltaic module) having an area of about 2m 2 The output power is about 414W, the cost of the photovoltaic module is about 1.6 yuan/W, and the construction cost of the photovoltaic power station is about 3.99 yuan/W. The average sunshine intensity is 1200kWh/m 2 The annual energy production is 281.88kWh/m when the photovoltaic module power station is built in the area of (a) 2 . If the assembly is available for 25 years, the electricity cost is about 0.2158 yuan/kWh.
(2) 72 energy conversion modules (i.e., 72 square Fresnel lenses 156.5mm, 31.3mm 85.14mm cells, and a heat sink copper plate 156.5mm 1 mm) having the same construction as experiment set B in example 3 were packaged into one energy conversion system (e.g., a photovoltaic module) having an area of about 2m 2 The output power is about 470W, the cost of the photovoltaic module is about 1.67 yuan/W, and the annual energy production of the module is about 321.34kWh/m 2 . If the assembly is available for 25 years, the electricity cost is 0.1977 yuan/kWh, and the electricity cost is reduced by 8.39% assuming that other costs are the same.
The above embodiments can show that the energy conversion assembly and the energy conversion unit disclosed in the application can improve the energy conversion efficiency and reduce the cost.
The technical features of the above-described embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and for brevity, all of the possible combinations of the technical features of the above-described embodiments are not described, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be regarded as the scope of the present disclosure.
The above examples merely represent a few embodiments of the present application, which are described in more detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it would be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements could be made without departing from the spirit of the present application, which would be within the scope of the present application. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present application is to be determined by the claims appended hereto.
Claims (14)
1. An energy conversion assembly, comprising:
an optical radiation collection unit; and
an energy conversion unit;
the optical radiation collection unit is configured to collect optical radiation incident on a surface thereof such that the optical radiation is concentrated above the energy conversion unit;
the energy conversion unit is configured to convert the concentrated optical radiation into electrical energy;
wherein the area of the energy conversion unit is related to the light collection index of the light radiation collection unit, and the location of the concentration of the concentrated light radiation on the energy conversion unit varies over time.
2. The energy conversion assembly according to claim 1, wherein the optical radiation collection unit comprises a condenser lens having a condensing multiple below a preset threshold.
3. The energy conversion assembly of claim 2, wherein the condenser lens comprises a fresnel lens.
4. The energy conversion assembly according to claim 2, wherein the energy conversion unit comprises a battery piece, and a side length of the battery piece is determined based on at least a condensing multiple of the condensing lens and a focal length.
5. The energy conversion assembly according to claim 1 or 4 wherein the location of the concentration of the concentrated optical radiation on the battery plate moves in the mounting direction of the long sides of the battery plate over time during a first period of time.
6. The energy conversion assembly according to claim 5 wherein the long side is mounted in a north-south or east-west direction.
7. The energy conversion assembly according to claim 5 wherein the first period of time comprises one day or one year.
8. The energy conversion assembly according to claim 4, wherein the battery sheet comprises at least one of a monocrystalline silicon cell, a polycrystalline silicon cell, a stacked cell, a perovskite cell, and a thin film cell.
9. The energy conversion assembly according to claim 1, further comprising an energy recovery unit configured to absorb thermal energy generated when the energy conversion unit is in operation.
10. An energy conversion system comprising one or more energy conversion assemblies according to any one of claims 1-9.
11. The energy conversion system according to claim 10, further comprising a motion assembly configured to cause the optical radiation to impinge on a surface of the optical radiation collection assembly at a predetermined angle to a plane in which the surface of the optical radiation collection assembly lies.
12. The energy conversion system according to claim 11, wherein the preset angle comprises any one of 66.5 ° to 113.5 °.
13. The energy conversion system according to claim 11, wherein the motion component periodically adjusts the pose of the energy conversion system with the angle of incidence of the optical radiation with a second period of time as a cycle.
14. The energy conversion system according to claim 13 wherein the second period of time is 1 day.
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