CN116169688A - Reactive power compensation energy saving method, device, equipment and medium - Google Patents
Reactive power compensation energy saving method, device, equipment and medium Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/18—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
- H02J3/50—Controlling the sharing of the out-of-phase component
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
- H02J2203/10—Power transmission or distribution systems management focussing at grid-level, e.g. load flow analysis, node profile computation, meshed network optimisation, active network management or spinning reserve management
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation
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Abstract
The invention discloses an energy-saving method, a device, equipment and a medium for reactive power compensation, which comprise the steps of calculating the capacity of a compensation capacitor according to the load change characteristics; adopting an optimal coverage method, taking the maximum area covered by a capacitance capacity curve as an objective function, taking capacitance constraint, cost constraint and voltage constraint as constraint conditions, and establishing a reactive power compensation model; load data are obtained, the load data are preprocessed, reactive power loss of a power distribution network transformer is calculated, and the capacity curve coverage area of each group of capacitors is calculated according to the reactive power loss of the power distribution network transformer; and grouping the capacitors with the largest coverage areas of the capacitance curves and compensating the capacitance as reactive power compensation results of the power distribution network transformer. The method considers the load change condition of the transformer, can adapt to reactive power compensation requirements of the transformer under different running conditions of the power distribution network, has lower requirements on an objective function, and can approximate to a global optimal solution with arbitrary precision.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of power compensation of distribution networks, and particularly relates to an energy-saving method, device, equipment and medium for reactive power compensation.
Background
Along with the rapid development of national economy, the demand of China for energy is continuously growing, and the world has become a large country for energy consumption, and how to realize energy conservation and high-efficiency utilization of the existing energy is urgent. At present, the construction speed of the power distribution network is slower, the unreasonable reactive power distribution phenomenon is particularly obvious, some power enterprises adopt manual experience to conduct reactive power planning, the actual running condition of the power distribution network is not met, reactive power compensation effect is poor, reactive power loss of the power distribution network is large, and real-time performance of load measurement in a power distribution line cannot be guaranteed, so that low-voltage reactive power compensation is in trouble.
In the prior art, a compensator coordination optimization method based on membership functions is provided, reactive compensation effect, filtering capacity and input cost are analyzed on the basis of considering the load characteristics of filtering equipment and a power grid, compensation capacity is set for different filtering branches, a multi-objective optimization model of a passive filter device is established, model parameters are calculated by utilizing a multi-objective particle swarm method, and finally an optimal scheme is obtained through membership function screening, so that harmonic content is reduced, and a simpler reactive power compensation method is provided for a power distribution network transformer. However, although the method quantifies different parameter variables and analyzes the overall structure of the power distribution network, the method only aims at reactive power at a certain position of the power distribution network to compensate, does not consider the change condition of the load, cannot adapt to reactive power compensation requirements of transformers of the power distribution network under different running conditions, and causes poor reactive power compensation effect of the whole power distribution network, thereby causing poor energy saving effect.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an energy-saving method, device, equipment and medium for reactive power compensation, which are used for solving the technical problems that the reactive power compensation effect of the whole power distribution network is poor and the energy-saving effect is poor because the reactive power compensation requirement of a transformer cannot be met under different running conditions of the power distribution network in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a first aspect provides an energy saving method of reactive power compensation, comprising:
according to the load change characteristics of the power distribution network transformer, calculating the compensation capacitance capacity provided by the reactive power compensation device to the power distribution network transformer;
adopting an optimal coverage method, taking the maximum area covered by a capacitance capacity curve of a reactive power compensation device as an objective function, and taking capacitance constraint, cost constraint and voltage constraint as constraint conditions, and establishing a reactive power compensation model of the power distribution network transformer, wherein model parameters of the reactive power compensation model comprise compensation capacitance capacity provided by the reactive power compensation device to the power distribution network transformer;
load data of a low-voltage side of the power distribution network transformer is obtained, the load data is preprocessed, reactive loss of the power distribution network transformer is calculated by utilizing the preprocessed load data, and the capacity curve coverage area of each group of capacitors is calculated according to the reactive loss of the power distribution network transformer;
And grouping the capacitors with the largest coverage areas of the capacitance curves and compensating the capacitance according to the reactive power compensation model of the power distribution network transformer, and taking the capacitance with the largest coverage areas of the capacitance curves as a reactive power compensation result of the power distribution network transformer.
In one possible design, calculating a compensation capacitance capacity provided by the reactive power compensation device to the distribution network transformer according to a load variation characteristic of the distribution network transformer includes:
after reactive power compensation is carried out on a power distribution network transformer by the reactive power compensation device, the transformer capacity delta D increased by the power distribution network transformer is obtained, and the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein P represents the active power of the distribution transformer, is a fixed value,
and->
Respectively representing the power factor before reactive power compensation and the power factor after reactive power compensation;
calculating compensation capacitance capacity Q provided by reactive power compensation device to power distribution network transformer according to transformer capacity delta D increased by power distribution network transformer c The calculation formula is as follows:
wherein S is N Representing the rated capacity of the distribution network transformer, beta representing the maximum load factor of the distribution network transformer,
and
the sine value of the power factor angle before reactive power compensation and the sine value of the power factor angle after reactive power compensation are respectively represented.
In one possible design, an optimal coverage method is adopted, the maximum area covered by the capacitance capacity curve of the reactive power compensation device is taken as an objective function, and the capacitance constraint, the cost constraint and the voltage constraint are taken as constraint conditions, and the method comprises the following steps:
And adopting an optimal coverage method, taking the maximum area covered by a capacitance capacity curve of the reactive power compensation device as an objective function, wherein the objective function has the following formula:
wherein maxf (x) represents an objective function, x represents a compensation point, S c Representing the coverage area of the capacitance curve, H C And H N Respectively representing the whole capacity and the grouping number of the compensation capacitor, C 1 Representing capacitor capacity cost, C 2 Representing the added cost of adding a single set of capacitors, C 3 Representing the cost of the reactive compensation device and the installation accessories;
setting the upper limit and the lower limit of the total compensation capacity of the capacitor, and the maximum grouping number and the minimum single group capacity of the capacitor grouping as the constraint condition of the capacitor; setting the maximum cost as a cost constraint condition; the lower limit of the maximum load voltage and the upper limit of the minimum load voltage are set as the voltage constraint conditions.
In one possible design, preprocessing load data includes:
calculating the actual power of each phase according to the voltage value and the current value of each phase of the power distribution network voltage device, calculating the active load and the reactive load of each phase according to the power factor, and calculating the active power and the reactive power of the low-voltage side load of the power distribution network voltage device according to the active load and the reactive load;
According to the active power and reactive power of the low-voltage side load, calculating the voltage value of the transformer, and arranging the reactive power of the transformer under different loads in ascending order to obtain fixed active power and total reactive power;
according to the fixed active power and the total reactive power, each load level of the transformer is subjected to multiple classifications, the reactive power initial value of each load level is calculated, and the calculation formula is as follows:
where k represents the kth class of each load level, Y represents the total number of classes of each load level, l represents the number of load levels, N k Indicating the number of load levels under the kth category.
In one possible design, calculating reactive losses of a distribution network transformer using pre-processed load data includes:
according to the reactive power initial value of each load level, the reactive power loss of the power distribution network transformer is calculated according to the following calculation formula:
wherein PK k Representing the active load of a power distribution network transformer, QK k Indicating reactive load of transformer of distribution network, UK k Representing the side constant voltage of a transformer of a power distribution network, T B Representing the load duration of a power distribution network transformer, R representing the resistance of the power distribution network transformer, K k Representing the impedance of a distribution network transformer, G representing the susceptance of the distribution network transformer, j representing the distribution Reactance of the network transformer, B represents conductance of the distribution network transformer.
In one possible design, calculating a capacity curve coverage area of each set of capacitors from reactive losses of a distribution network transformer includes:
according to reactive power loss of a power distribution network transformer, the reactive power capacity requirements of the transformer are arranged in ascending order to obtain transformer compensation probabilities under various classifications, and the formula is as follows:
according to the compensation probability of the transformer, the capacitor switching combination under any capacitor group is obtained, and the formula of the capacitor switching combination is as follows:
C i ＝i×C p ×DF k ； (7)
wherein i represents the i-th capacitor switching combination, i E [1, n ]]，C p Representing a basic capacitor switching combination;
the capacity curve coverage area of each group of capacitors is calculated by the combination of capacitor switching under any capacitor group, and the calculation formula is as follows:
S c ＝C i QF k ； (8)
wherein S is ci QF representing the capacity curve coverage area of the i-th group capacitor k And representing the compensation probability corresponding to the reactive loss of the distribution network transformer under the kth classification.
In one possible design, the reactive power compensation device employs a voltage transformer and a current transformer to detect the voltage and current values of the distribution network transformer, respectively.
A second aspect provides a reactive power compensated energy saving device comprising:
The compensation capacity calculation module is used for calculating the compensation capacity provided by the reactive power compensation device to the power distribution network transformer according to the load change characteristics of the power distribution network transformer;
the compensation model building module is used for building a reactive power compensation model of the power distribution network transformer by taking the maximum area covered by the capacitance capacity curve of the reactive power compensation device as an objective function and taking capacitance constraint, cost constraint and voltage constraint as constraint conditions, wherein model parameters of the reactive power compensation model comprise compensation capacitance capacity provided by the reactive power compensation device to the power distribution network transformer;
the curve coverage area calculation module is used for acquiring load data of the low-voltage side of the power distribution network transformer, preprocessing the load data, calculating reactive power loss of the power distribution network transformer by utilizing the preprocessed load data, and calculating capacity curve coverage areas of each group of capacitors according to the reactive power loss of the power distribution network transformer;
and the compensation result acquisition module is used for grouping the capacitors with the largest coverage areas of the capacitance curves and compensating the capacitance according to the reactive power compensation model of the power distribution network transformer, and taking the capacitance with the largest coverage areas of the capacitance curves as the reactive power compensation result of the power distribution network transformer.
In one possible design, calculating a compensation capacitance capacity provided by the reactive power compensation device to the distribution network transformer according to a load variation characteristic of the distribution network transformer includes:
after reactive power compensation is carried out on a power distribution network transformer by the reactive power compensation device, the transformer capacity delta D increased by the power distribution network transformer is obtained, and the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein P represents the active power of the distribution transformer, is a fixed value,
and->
Respectively representing the power factor before reactive power compensation and the power factor after reactive power compensation;
according to the increased transformer capacity delta D of the power distribution network transformer, calculating the reactive power compensation device to the power distribution network transformerThe compensation capacitance Q is provided c The calculation formula is as follows:
wherein S is N Representing the rated capacity of the distribution network transformer, beta representing the maximum load factor of the distribution network transformer,
and
the sine value of the power factor angle before reactive power compensation and the sine value of the power factor angle after reactive power compensation are respectively represented.
In one possible design, an optimal coverage method is adopted, the maximum area covered by the capacitance capacity curve of the reactive power compensation device is taken as an objective function, and the capacitance constraint, the cost constraint and the voltage constraint are taken as constraint conditions, and the method comprises the following steps:
And adopting an optimal coverage method, taking the maximum area covered by a capacitance capacity curve of the reactive power compensation device as an objective function, wherein the objective function has the following formula:
wherein maxf (x) represents an objective function, x represents a compensation point, S c Representing the coverage area of the capacitance curve, H C And H N Respectively representing the whole capacity and the grouping number of the compensation capacitor, C 1 Representing capacitor capacity cost, C 2 Representing the added cost of adding a single set of capacitors, C 3 Representing the cost of the reactive compensation device and the installation accessories;
setting the upper limit and the lower limit of the total compensation capacity of the capacitor, and the maximum grouping number and the minimum single group capacity of the capacitor grouping as the constraint condition of the capacitor; setting the maximum cost as a cost constraint condition; the lower limit of the maximum load voltage and the upper limit of the minimum load voltage are set as the voltage constraint conditions.
In one possible design, preprocessing load data includes:
calculating the actual power of each phase according to the voltage value and the current value of each phase of the power distribution network voltage device, calculating the active load and the reactive load of each phase according to the power factor, and calculating the active power and the reactive power of the low-voltage side load of the power distribution network voltage device according to the active load and the reactive load;
According to the active power and reactive power of the low-voltage side load, calculating the voltage value of the transformer, and arranging the reactive power of the transformer under different loads in ascending order to obtain fixed active power and total reactive power;
according to the fixed active power and the total reactive power, each load level of the transformer is subjected to multiple classifications, the reactive power initial value of each load level is calculated, and the calculation formula is as follows:
where k represents the kth class of each load level, Y represents the total number of classes of each load level, l represents the number of load levels, N k Indicating the number of load levels under the kth category.
In one possible design, calculating reactive losses of a distribution network transformer using pre-processed load data includes:
according to the reactive power initial value of each load level, the reactive power loss of the power distribution network transformer is calculated according to the following calculation formula:
wherein PK k Representing the active load of a power distribution network transformer, QK k Indicating reactive load of transformer of distribution network, UK k Representing the side constant voltage of a transformer of a power distribution network, T B Representing the negative of a power distribution network transformerThe duration of the load, R represents the transformer resistance of the distribution network, K k Representing the impedance of the distribution network transformer, G representing the susceptance of the distribution network transformer, j representing the reactance of the distribution network transformer, and B representing the conductance of the distribution network transformer.
In one possible design, calculating a capacity curve coverage area of each set of capacitors from reactive losses of a distribution network transformer includes:
according to reactive power loss of a power distribution network transformer, the reactive power capacity requirements of the transformer are arranged in ascending order to obtain transformer compensation probabilities under various classifications, and the formula is as follows:
according to the compensation probability of the transformer, the capacitor switching combination under any capacitor group is obtained, and the formula of the capacitor switching combination is as follows:
C i ＝i×C p ×DF k ； (7)
wherein i represents the i-th capacitor switching combination, i E [1, n ]]，C p Representing a basic capacitor switching combination;
the capacity curve coverage area of each group of capacitors is calculated by the combination of capacitor switching under any capacitor group, and the calculation formula is as follows:
S c ＝C i QF k ； (8)
wherein S is ci QF representing the capacity curve coverage area of the i-th group capacitor k And representing the compensation probability corresponding to the reactive loss of the distribution network transformer under the kth classification.
In one possible design, the reactive power compensation device employs a voltage transformer and a current transformer to detect the voltage and current values of the distribution network transformer, respectively.
A third aspect provides a computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a transceiver connected in sequence, wherein the memory is for storing a computer program, the transceiver is for receiving and transmitting messages, and the processor is for reading the computer program to perform the power saving method of reactive power compensation as described in any one of the possible designs of the first aspect.
A fourth aspect provides a computer readable storage medium having instructions stored thereon which, when run on a computer, perform the reactive power compensated energy saving method as described in any one of the possible designs of the first aspect.
In a fifth aspect, the invention provides a computer program product comprising instructions which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the reactive power compensated energy saving method as described in any one of the possible designs of the first aspect.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the load change characteristics of the power distribution network transformer, the capacity of the compensation capacitor provided by the reactive power compensation device to the power distribution network transformer is calculated; adopting an optimal coverage method, taking the maximum area covered by a capacitance capacity curve of the reactive power compensation device as an objective function, and taking capacitance constraint, cost constraint and voltage constraint as constraint conditions to establish a reactive power compensation model of the power distribution network transformer; load data of a low-voltage side of the power distribution network transformer is obtained, the load data is preprocessed, reactive loss of the power distribution network transformer is calculated by utilizing the preprocessed load data, and the capacity curve coverage area of each group of capacitors is calculated according to the reactive loss of the power distribution network transformer; and grouping the capacitors with the largest coverage areas of the capacitance curves and compensating the capacitance according to the reactive power compensation model of the power distribution network transformer, and taking the capacitance with the largest coverage areas of the capacitance curves as a reactive power compensation result of the power distribution network transformer. According to the load change characteristics, the reactive power compensation model is constructed by adopting the optimal coverage method, the load change condition of the transformer is considered, the reactive power compensation requirement of the transformer under different running conditions of the power distribution network can be met, the requirement on an objective function is low, and the overall optimal solution can be approximated with any precision, so that the optimal compensation of the reactive power of the voltage transformer is obtained.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of an energy saving method for reactive power compensation in an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the present invention will be briefly described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the description of the embodiments or the prior art, and it is obvious that the following description of the structure of the drawings is only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort to a person skilled in the art. It should be noted that the description of these examples is for aiding in understanding the present invention, but is not intended to limit the present invention.
Examples
The method aims at solving the technical problems that the reactive power compensation effect of the whole power distribution network is poor and the energy-saving effect is poor due to the fact that the method cannot adapt to reactive power compensation requirements of transformers of the power distribution network under different running conditions in the prior art. According to the energy-saving method for reactive power compensation, an optimal coverage method is adopted according to load change characteristics, a reactive power compensation model is built, the load change condition of a transformer is considered, the reactive power compensation requirement of the transformer under different running conditions of a power distribution network can be met, the requirement on an objective function is low, and the overall optimal solution can be approximated with any accuracy, so that the optimal compensation of the reactive power of a voltage transformer is obtained.
The energy saving method for reactive power compensation provided in the embodiment of the present application will be described in detail.
It should be noted that, the energy saving method for reactive power compensation provided in the embodiments of the present application may be applied to a terminal device using any operating system, where the operating system includes, but is not limited to, a Windows system, a Mac system, a Linux system, a Chrome OS system, a UNIX operating system, an IOS system, an android system, and the like, and is not limited herein; the terminal device includes, but is not limited to, an IPAD tablet computer, a personal mobile computer, an industrial computer, a personal computer, etc., which are not limited herein. For convenience of description, the embodiments of the present application will be described with reference to an industrial computer as a main body of execution, unless specifically described otherwise. It will be appreciated that the execution subject is not limited to the embodiments of the present application, and in other embodiments, other types of terminal devices may be used as the execution subject.
As shown in fig. 1, a flowchart of an energy saving method for reactive power compensation according to an embodiment of the present application is provided, where the energy saving method for reactive power compensation includes, but is not limited to, steps S1 to S4:
s1, calculating the capacity of a compensation capacitor provided by a reactive power compensation device to a power distribution network transformer according to the load change characteristics of the power distribution network transformer;
In order to avoid that overvoltage does not occur when a reactive power compensation device, such as a capacitor, is put into operation on the transformer side, it is generally necessary that the capacitor cannot be introduced into the power distribution network in the case of already existing charging voltages. According to the wiring design principle of the low-voltage reactive power compensation cabinet, discharging resistors are connected to two sides of the capacitor to discharge the capacitor, so that other electrical equipment is prevented from being damaged. Thus, the original condition for capacitor introduction is set to uc=0. Differential analysis of the circuit: in the initial stage of capacitor input, ucmax is 2 times of the amplitude of steady-state voltage Uc, and current i is superimposed with a larger transient component in the steady-state component, at this time, the current exceeds the steady-state value, and a current surge phenomenon can occur. Overvoltage and rush current cause the capacitor to be partially discharged to increase dielectric loss tg delta. Therefore, the number of capacitor inputs per year is required to be not higher than a preset number. The power distribution station can be connected with nonlinear equipment such as large metallurgical equipment, novel illumination and the like, so that harmonic current is large. If harmonic current enters the capacitor, the current in the loop increases dramatically and the capacitor is overloaded. If the time is longer, the fuse is damaged, causing the capacitor to explode in a cascade. Aiming at the phenomenon, the fuse in the original cabinet needs to be replaced, the rated current ratio between the fuse and the capacitor is determined, and the series reactor with better performance is replaced in time, so that the stable operation of the distribution transformer is ensured.
In order to avoid malfunctions of the reactive power, the reactive power compensation device therefore, in one possible design, uses a voltage transformer and a current transformer to detect the voltage value and the current value of the distribution network transformer, respectively. Specifically, the voltage and current signals of the power distribution network are converted into voltage signals suitable for acquisition after passing through a transformer and a conditioning circuit, and control signals are output to control the conduction angle of the silicon controlled rectifier through data processing equipment, so that the direct current component of the reactor is changed, the purpose of controlling the reactor to absorb reactive power is achieved, and the integral reactive power of the power distribution network is adjusted.
Because a large amount of nonlinear load is generated when the power distribution network operates, active power is consumed, and a small amount of reactive power is consumed. When load current passes through the transformer, electric energy loss can occur, so that reactive power compensation equipment is arranged at the distribution end, reactive power loss can be reduced, power factors are increased, and active output of electrical equipment is improved. For the original power supply device, on the premise of the same active power, the power factor is improved, the corresponding load current is reduced, the load increasing requirement is met, and the cost is reduced.
In a specific embodiment, calculating the compensation capacitance capacity provided by the reactive power compensation device to the distribution network transformer according to the load change characteristic of the distribution network transformer comprises:
After reactive power compensation is carried out on a power distribution network transformer by the reactive power compensation device, the transformer capacity delta D increased by the power distribution network transformer is obtained, and the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein P represents the active power of the distribution transformer, is a fixed value,
and->
Respectively representing the power factor before reactive power compensation and the power factor after reactive power compensation;
increasing transformer capacity ΔD from power distribution network transformersCalculating a compensation capacitance Q provided by a reactive power compensation device to a distribution network transformer c The calculation formula is as follows:
wherein S is N Representing the rated capacity of the distribution network transformer, beta representing the maximum load factor of the distribution network transformer,
and
the sine value of the power factor angle before reactive power compensation and the sine value of the power factor angle after reactive power compensation are respectively represented.
The reactive power compensation mode is used in the power distribution network, and reactive power required by power distribution equipment can be used for achieving balance. And the low-voltage side of the transformer is compensated, so that the cost can be reduced, and the economic benefit can be improved. Therefore, the transformer is a vital device in the distribution station, and the basic function of the transformer is to convert the voltage in the system into the required voltage level, so as to facilitate reasonable distribution and transmission of electric energy. Therefore, determining the capacity of the transformer can promote safe operation of the power distribution network and meet the requirement of safe production of users. In general, the capacity of a transformer is determined according to the load level, but sometimes the selected capacity is larger, so that not only is the loss increased, but also the utilization rate of electrical equipment is reduced, and the cost of a power distribution station is increased. When the capacity of the transformer is determined, economic, reasonable optimization and other factors need to be considered, and a margin for capacity increase of electric equipment is reserved. Since the electrical devices do not necessarily operate at the same time, power losses also occur in the devices themselves, and therefore, when determining the capacity of the transformer, it is necessary to combine the load characteristics with the law of variation.
S2, adopting an optimal coverage method, taking the maximum area covered by a capacitance capacity curve of the reactive power compensation device as an objective function, and taking capacitance constraint, cost constraint and voltage constraint as constraint conditions, and establishing a reactive power compensation model of the power distribution network transformer, wherein model parameters of the reactive power compensation model comprise compensation capacitance capacity provided by the reactive power compensation device to the power distribution network transformer;
in a specific embodiment, an optimal coverage method is adopted, the maximum area covered by the capacitance capacity curve of the reactive power compensation device is taken as an objective function, and the capacitance constraint, the cost constraint and the voltage constraint are taken as constraint conditions, and the method comprises the following steps:
and adopting an optimal coverage method, taking the maximum area covered by a capacitance capacity curve of the reactive power compensation device as an objective function, wherein the objective function has the following formula:
wherein maxf (x) represents an objective function, x represents a compensation point, S c Representing the coverage area of the capacitance curve, H C And H N Respectively representing the whole capacity and the grouping number of the compensation capacitor, C 1 Representing capacitor capacity cost, C 2 Representing the added cost of adding a single set of capacitors, C 3 Representing the cost of the reactive compensation device and the installation accessories;
Setting the upper limit and the lower limit of the total compensation capacity of the capacitor, and the maximum grouping number and the minimum single group capacity of the capacitor grouping as the constraint condition of the capacitor; setting the maximum cost as a cost constraint condition; the lower limit of the maximum load voltage and the upper limit of the minimum load voltage are set as the voltage constraint conditions.
The optimal coverage indicates that the capacity curve of the compensation capacitor can cover the reactive power demand curve to the greatest extent, and the area difference is required to be minimum and reactive power is not fed back. At a certain time of the curve, the optimal coverage is understood as the maximum area of the capacity curve, at which time the reactive power of the distribution network transformer is optimally compensated.
S3, acquiring load data of a low-voltage side of the power distribution network transformer, preprocessing the load data, calculating reactive power loss of the power distribution network transformer by using the preprocessed load data, and calculating a capacity curve coverage area of each group of capacitors according to the reactive power loss of the power distribution network transformer;
in one possible design, preprocessing load data includes:
calculating the actual power of each phase according to the voltage value and the current value of each phase of the power distribution network voltage device, calculating the active load and the reactive load of each phase according to the power factor, and calculating the active power and the reactive power of the low-voltage side load of the power distribution network voltage device according to the active load and the reactive load;
According to the active power and reactive power of the low-voltage side load, calculating the voltage value of the transformer, and arranging the reactive power of the transformer under different loads in ascending order to obtain fixed active power and total reactive power;
according to the fixed active power and the total reactive power, each load level of the transformer is subjected to multiple classifications, the reactive power initial value of each load level is calculated, and the calculation formula is as follows:
where k represents the kth class of each load level, Y represents the total number of classes of each load level, l represents the number of load levels, N k Indicating the number of load levels under the kth category.
In one possible design, calculating reactive losses of a distribution network transformer using pre-processed load data includes:
according to the reactive power initial value of each load level, the reactive power loss of the power distribution network transformer is calculated according to the following calculation formula:
wherein PK k Representing the active load of a power distribution network transformer, QK k Indicating reactive load of transformer of distribution network, UK k Representing the side constant voltage of a transformer of a power distribution network, T B Representing the load duration of a power distribution network transformer, R representing the resistance of the power distribution network transformer, K k Representing the impedance of the distribution network transformer, G representing the susceptance of the distribution network transformer, j representing the reactance of the distribution network transformer, and B representing the conductance of the distribution network transformer.
In one possible design, calculating a capacity curve coverage area of each set of capacitors from reactive losses of a distribution network transformer includes:
according to reactive power loss of a power distribution network transformer, the reactive power capacity requirements of the transformer are arranged in ascending order to obtain transformer compensation probabilities under various classifications, and the formula is as follows:
according to the compensation probability of the transformer, the capacitor switching combination under any capacitor group is obtained, and the formula of the capacitor switching combination is as follows:
C i ＝i×C p ×DF k ； (7)
wherein i represents the i-th capacitor switching combination, i E [1, n ]]，C p Representing a basic capacitor switching combination;
the capacity curve coverage area of each group of capacitors is calculated by the combination of capacitor switching under any capacitor group, and the calculation formula is as follows:
S c ＝C i QF k ； (8)
wherein S is ci QF representing the capacity curve coverage area of the i-th group capacitor k And representing the compensation probability corresponding to the reactive loss of the distribution network transformer under the kth classification.
And S4, grouping the capacitors with the largest coverage areas of the capacitance and capacity curves and compensating the capacitance according to a reactive power compensation model of the power distribution network transformer, and taking the capacitance and capacity of the compensation capacitor as a reactive power compensation result of the power distribution network transformer.
Based on the disclosure, according to the load change characteristics of the power distribution network transformer, the embodiment of the application calculates the compensation capacitance capacity provided by the reactive power compensation device to the power distribution network transformer; adopting an optimal coverage method, taking the maximum area covered by a capacitance capacity curve of the reactive power compensation device as an objective function, and taking capacitance constraint, cost constraint and voltage constraint as constraint conditions to establish a reactive power compensation model of the power distribution network transformer; load data of a low-voltage side of the power distribution network transformer is obtained, the load data is preprocessed, reactive loss of the power distribution network transformer is calculated by utilizing the preprocessed load data, and the capacity curve coverage area of each group of capacitors is calculated according to the reactive loss of the power distribution network transformer; and grouping the capacitors with the largest coverage areas of the capacitance curves and compensating the capacitance according to the reactive power compensation model of the power distribution network transformer, and taking the capacitance with the largest coverage areas of the capacitance curves as a reactive power compensation result of the power distribution network transformer. According to the load change characteristics, the reactive power compensation model is constructed by adopting the optimal coverage method, the load change condition of the transformer is considered, the reactive power compensation requirement of the transformer under different running conditions of the power distribution network can be met, the requirement on an objective function is low, and the overall optimal solution can be approximated with any precision, so that the optimal compensation of the reactive power of the voltage transformer is obtained.
A second aspect provides a reactive power compensated energy saving device comprising:
the compensation capacity calculation module is used for calculating the compensation capacity provided by the reactive power compensation device to the power distribution network transformer according to the load change characteristics of the power distribution network transformer;
the compensation model building module is used for building a reactive power compensation model of the power distribution network transformer by taking the maximum area covered by the capacitance capacity curve of the reactive power compensation device as an objective function and taking capacitance constraint, cost constraint and voltage constraint as constraint conditions, wherein model parameters of the reactive power compensation model comprise compensation capacitance capacity provided by the reactive power compensation device to the power distribution network transformer;
the curve coverage area calculation module is used for acquiring load data of the low-voltage side of the power distribution network transformer, preprocessing the load data, calculating reactive power loss of the power distribution network transformer by utilizing the preprocessed load data, and calculating capacity curve coverage areas of each group of capacitors according to the reactive power loss of the power distribution network transformer;
and the compensation result acquisition module is used for grouping the capacitors with the largest coverage areas of the capacitance curves and compensating the capacitance according to the reactive power compensation model of the power distribution network transformer, and taking the capacitance with the largest coverage areas of the capacitance curves as the reactive power compensation result of the power distribution network transformer.
In one possible design, calculating a compensation capacitance capacity provided by the reactive power compensation device to the distribution network transformer according to a load variation characteristic of the distribution network transformer includes:
after reactive power compensation is carried out on a power distribution network transformer by the reactive power compensation device, the transformer capacity delta D increased by the power distribution network transformer is obtained, and the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein P represents the active power of the distribution transformer, is a fixed value,
and->
Respectively representing the power factor before reactive power compensation and the power factor after reactive power compensation;
calculating compensation capacitance capacity Q provided by reactive power compensation device to power distribution network transformer according to transformer capacity delta D increased by power distribution network transformer c The calculation formula is as follows:
wherein S is N Representing the rated capacity of the distribution network transformer, beta representing the maximum load factor of the distribution network transformer,
and
the sine value of the power factor angle before reactive power compensation and the sine value of the power factor angle after reactive power compensation are respectively represented.
In one possible design, an optimal coverage method is adopted, the maximum area covered by the capacitance capacity curve of the reactive power compensation device is taken as an objective function, and the capacitance constraint, the cost constraint and the voltage constraint are taken as constraint conditions, and the method comprises the following steps:
And adopting an optimal coverage method, taking the maximum area covered by a capacitance capacity curve of the reactive power compensation device as an objective function, wherein the objective function has the following formula:
wherein maxf (x) represents an objective function, x represents a compensation point, S c Representing the coverage area of the capacitance curve, H C And H N Respectively representing the whole capacity and the grouping number of the compensation capacitor, C 1 Representing capacitor capacity cost, C 2 Representing the added cost of adding a single set of capacitors, C 3 Representing the cost of the reactive compensation device and the installation accessories;
setting the upper limit and the lower limit of the total compensation capacity of the capacitor, and the maximum grouping number and the minimum single group capacity of the capacitor grouping as the constraint condition of the capacitor; setting the maximum cost as a cost constraint condition; the lower limit of the maximum load voltage and the upper limit of the minimum load voltage are set as the voltage constraint conditions.
In one possible design, preprocessing load data includes:
calculating the actual power of each phase according to the voltage value and the current value of each phase of the power distribution network voltage device, calculating the active load and the reactive load of each phase according to the power factor, and calculating the active power and the reactive power of the low-voltage side load of the power distribution network voltage device according to the active load and the reactive load;
According to the active power and reactive power of the low-voltage side load, calculating the voltage value of the transformer, and arranging the reactive power of the transformer under different loads in ascending order to obtain fixed active power and total reactive power;
according to the fixed active power and the total reactive power, each load level of the transformer is subjected to multiple classifications, the reactive power initial value of each load level is calculated, and the calculation formula is as follows:
where k represents the kth class of each load level, Y represents the total number of classes of each load level, l represents the number of load levels, N k Indicating the number of load levels under the kth category.
In one possible design, calculating reactive losses of a distribution network transformer using pre-processed load data includes:
according to the reactive power initial value of each load level, the reactive power loss of the power distribution network transformer is calculated according to the following calculation formula:
wherein PK k Representing the active load of a power distribution network transformer, QK k Indicating reactive load of transformer of distribution network, UK k Representing the side constant voltage of a transformer of a power distribution network, T B Representing the load duration of a power distribution network transformer, R representing the resistance of the power distribution network transformer, K k Representing the impedance of the distribution network transformer, G representing the susceptance of the distribution network transformer, j representing the reactance of the distribution network transformer, and B representing the conductance of the distribution network transformer.
In one possible design, calculating a capacity curve coverage area of each set of capacitors from reactive losses of a distribution network transformer includes:
according to reactive power loss of a power distribution network transformer, the reactive power capacity requirements of the transformer are arranged in ascending order to obtain transformer compensation probabilities under various classifications, and the formula is as follows:
according to the compensation probability of the transformer, the capacitor switching combination under any capacitor group is obtained, and the formula of the capacitor switching combination is as follows:
C i ＝i×C p ×DF k ； (7)
wherein i represents the i-th capacitor switching combination, i E [1, n ]]，C p Representing a basic capacitor switching combination;
the capacity curve coverage area of each group of capacitors is calculated by the combination of capacitor switching under any capacitor group, and the calculation formula is as follows:
S c ＝C i QF k ； (8)
wherein S is ci QF representing the capacity curve coverage area of the i-th group capacitor k And representing the compensation probability corresponding to the reactive loss of the distribution network transformer under the kth classification.
In one possible design, the reactive power compensation device employs a voltage transformer and a current transformer to detect the voltage and current values of the distribution network transformer, respectively.
The working process, working details and technical effects of the foregoing apparatus provided in the second aspect of the present embodiment may be referred to as the method described in the foregoing first aspect or any one of the possible designs of the first aspect, which are not described herein again.
In a third aspect, the invention provides a computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a transceiver in communication with each other in sequence, wherein the memory is adapted to store a computer program and the transceiver is adapted to receive and transmit messages, and the processor is adapted to read the computer program and to perform the reactive power compensation energy saving method as described in any one of the possible designs of the first aspect.
By way of specific example, the Memory may include, but is not limited to, random-Access Memory (RAM), read-Only Memory (ROM), flash Memory (Flash Memory), first-in first-out Memory (First Input First Output, FIFO), and/or first-in last-out Memory (First Input Last Output, FILO), etc.; the processor may not be limited to use with a microprocessor of the STM32F105 family; the transceiver may be, but is not limited to, a WiFi (wireless fidelity) wireless transceiver, a bluetooth wireless transceiver, a GPRS (General Packet Radio Service, general packet radio service technology) wireless transceiver, and/or a ZigBee (ZigBee protocol, low power local area network protocol based on the ieee802.15.4 standard), etc. In addition, the computer device may include, but is not limited to, a power module, a display screen, and other necessary components.
The working process, working details and technical effects of the foregoing computer device provided in the third aspect of the present embodiment may be referred to the above first aspect or any one of the possible designs of the first aspect, which are not described herein.
In a fourth aspect, the invention provides a computer readable storage medium having instructions stored thereon which, when run on a computer, perform the reactive power compensated energy saving method as described in any one of the possible designs of the first aspect.
The computer readable storage medium refers to a carrier for storing data, and may include, but is not limited to, a floppy disk, an optical disk, a hard disk, a flash Memory, and/or a Memory Stick (Memory Stick), etc., where the computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices.
The working process, working details and technical effects of the foregoing computer readable storage medium provided in the fourth aspect of the present embodiment may refer to the method as described in the foregoing first aspect or any one of the possible designs of the first aspect, which are not repeated herein.
In a fifth aspect, the invention provides a computer program product comprising instructions which, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the reactive power compensated energy saving method as described in any one of the possible designs of the first aspect.
The working process, working details and technical effects of the foregoing computer program product containing instructions provided in the fifth aspect of the present embodiment may be referred to as the method described in the foregoing first aspect or any one of the possible designs of the first aspect, which are not repeated herein.
Finally, it should be noted that: the foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the invention and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An energy saving method for reactive power compensation, comprising:
according to the load change characteristics of the power distribution network transformer, calculating the compensation capacitance capacity provided by the reactive power compensation device to the power distribution network transformer;
adopting an optimal coverage method, taking the maximum area covered by a capacitance capacity curve of a reactive power compensation device as an objective function, and taking capacitance constraint, cost constraint and voltage constraint as constraint conditions, and establishing a reactive power compensation model of the power distribution network transformer, wherein model parameters of the reactive power compensation model comprise compensation capacitance capacity provided by the reactive power compensation device to the power distribution network transformer;
Load data of a low-voltage side of the power distribution network transformer is obtained, the load data is preprocessed, reactive loss of the power distribution network transformer is calculated by utilizing the preprocessed load data, and the capacity curve coverage area of each group of capacitors is calculated according to the reactive loss of the power distribution network transformer;
and grouping the capacitors with the largest coverage areas of the capacitance curves and compensating the capacitance according to the reactive power compensation model of the power distribution network transformer, and taking the capacitance with the largest coverage areas of the capacitance curves as a reactive power compensation result of the power distribution network transformer.
2. The energy saving method for reactive power compensation according to claim 1, wherein calculating the compensation capacitance capacity provided by the reactive power compensation device to the distribution network transformer according to the load variation characteristics of the distribution network transformer comprises:
after reactive power compensation is carried out on a power distribution network transformer by the reactive power compensation device, the transformer capacity delta D increased by the power distribution network transformer is obtained, and the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein P represents the active power of the distribution transformer, is a fixed value,
and->
Respectively representing the power factor before reactive power compensation and the power factor after reactive power compensation;
calculating compensation capacitance capacity Q provided by reactive power compensation device to power distribution network transformer according to transformer capacity delta D increased by power distribution network transformer c The calculation formula is as follows:
wherein S is N Representing the rated capacity of the distribution network transformer, beta representing the maximum load factor of the distribution network transformer,
and
the sine value of the power factor angle before reactive power compensation and the sine value of the power factor angle after reactive power compensation are respectively represented.
3. The energy saving method for reactive power compensation according to claim 2, wherein the method for optimally covering the maximum area covered by the capacitance capacity curve of the reactive power compensation device is used as an objective function, and the capacitance constraint, the cost constraint and the voltage constraint are used as constraint conditions, comprising:
and adopting an optimal coverage method, taking the maximum area covered by a capacitance capacity curve of the reactive power compensation device as an objective function, wherein the objective function has the following formula:
wherein maxf (x) represents an objective function, x represents a compensation point, S c Representing the coverage area of the capacitance curve, H C And H N Respectively representing the whole capacity and the grouping number of the compensation capacitor, C 1 Representing capacitor capacity cost, C 2 Representing the added cost of adding a single set of capacitors, C 3 Representing the cost of the reactive compensation device and the installation accessories;
setting the upper limit and the lower limit of the total compensation capacity of the capacitor, and the maximum grouping number and the minimum single group capacity of the capacitor grouping as the constraint condition of the capacitor; setting the maximum cost as a cost constraint condition; the lower limit of the maximum load voltage and the upper limit of the minimum load voltage are set as the voltage constraint conditions.
4. A reactive power compensated energy saving method according to claim 3, characterized in that the pre-processing of the load data comprises:
calculating the actual power of each phase according to the voltage value and the current value of each phase of the power distribution network voltage device, calculating the active load and the reactive load of each phase according to the power factor, and calculating the active power and the reactive power of the low-voltage side load of the power distribution network voltage device according to the active load and the reactive load;
according to the active power and reactive power of the low-voltage side load, calculating the voltage value of the transformer, and arranging the reactive power of the transformer under different loads in ascending order to obtain fixed active power and total reactive power;
according to the fixed active power and the total reactive power, each load level of the transformer is subjected to multiple classifications, the reactive power initial value of each load level is calculated, and the calculation formula is as follows:
where k represents the kth class of each load level, Y represents the total number of classes of each load level, l represents the number of load levels, N k Indicating the number of load levels under the kth category.
5. The energy saving method for reactive power compensation according to claim 4, wherein calculating reactive power loss of the distribution network transformer using the preprocessed load data comprises:
According to the reactive power initial value of each load level, the reactive power loss of the power distribution network transformer is calculated according to the following calculation formula:
wherein PK k Representing the active load of a power distribution network transformer, QK k Indicating reactive load of transformer of distribution network, UK k Representing the side constant voltage of a transformer of a power distribution network, T B Representing the load duration of a power distribution network transformer, R representing the resistance of the power distribution network transformer, K k Representing the impedance of the distribution network transformer, G representing the susceptance of the distribution network transformer, j representing the reactance of the distribution network transformer, and B representing the conductance of the distribution network transformer.
6. The method of power saving for reactive power compensation of claim 5, wherein calculating a capacity curve coverage area of each set of capacitors based on reactive losses of the distribution network transformer comprises:
according to reactive power loss of a power distribution network transformer, the reactive power capacity requirements of the transformer are arranged in ascending order to obtain transformer compensation probabilities under various classifications, and the formula is as follows:
according to the compensation probability of the transformer, the capacitor switching combination under any capacitor group is obtained, and the formula of the capacitor switching combination is as follows:
C i ＝i×C p ×DF k ； (7)
wherein i represents the i-th capacitor switching combination, i E [1, n ]]，C p Representing a basic capacitor switching combination;
according to the capacitor switching combination under any capacitor group, the capacity curve coverage area of each group of capacitors is calculated, and the calculation formula is as follows:
S ci ＝C i QF k ； (8)
Wherein S is ci QF representing the capacity curve coverage area of the i-th group capacitor k And representing the compensation probability corresponding to the reactive loss of the distribution network transformer under the kth classification.
7. The energy saving method for reactive power compensation according to claim 1, wherein the reactive power compensation device adopts a voltage transformer and a current transformer to detect the voltage value and the current value of the power distribution network transformer, respectively.
8. An energy saving device for reactive power compensation, comprising:
the compensation capacity calculation module is used for calculating the compensation capacity provided by the reactive power compensation device to the power distribution network transformer according to the load change characteristics of the power distribution network transformer;
the compensation model building module is used for building a reactive power compensation model of the power distribution network transformer by taking the maximum area covered by the capacitance capacity curve of the reactive power compensation device as an objective function and taking capacitance constraint, cost constraint and voltage constraint as constraint conditions, wherein model parameters of the reactive power compensation model comprise compensation capacitance capacity provided by the reactive power compensation device to the power distribution network transformer;
the curve coverage area calculation module is used for acquiring load data of the low-voltage side of the power distribution network transformer, preprocessing the load data, calculating reactive power loss of the power distribution network transformer by utilizing the preprocessed load data, and calculating capacity curve coverage areas of each group of capacitors according to the reactive power loss of the power distribution network transformer;
And the compensation result acquisition module is used for grouping the capacitors with the largest coverage areas of the capacitance curves and compensating the capacitance according to the reactive power compensation model of the power distribution network transformer, and taking the capacitance with the largest coverage areas of the capacitance curves as the reactive power compensation result of the power distribution network transformer.
9. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a transceiver connected in sequence, wherein the memory is adapted to store a computer program, the transceiver is adapted to receive and transmit messages, and the processor is adapted to read the computer program to perform the reactive power compensated energy saving method according to any of claims 1-7.
10. A computer readable storage medium having instructions stored thereon which, when run on a computer, perform the reactive power compensated energy saving method of any of claims 1-7.
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