CN116167191A - Inertia evaluation method, device, equipment and medium considering network topology - Google Patents

Inertia evaluation method, device, equipment and medium considering network topology Download PDF

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CN116167191A
CN116167191A CN202310190385.1A CN202310190385A CN116167191A CN 116167191 A CN116167191 A CN 116167191A CN 202310190385 A CN202310190385 A CN 202310190385A CN 116167191 A CN116167191 A CN 116167191A
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inertia
frequency response
response model
network topology
machine
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但扬清
郑伟民
何英静
王蕾
汪震
武佳卉
孙飞飞
许恩超
丁一凡
王岑峰
林玲
陈晴悦
单煜
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State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co Ltd
Economic and Technological Research Institute of State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co Ltd
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State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co Ltd
Economic and Technological Research Institute of State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • G—PHYSICS
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    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2113/00—Details relating to the application field
    • G06F2113/04—Power grid distribution networks
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    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
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    • G06F2119/14—Force analysis or force optimisation, e.g. static or dynamic forces
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2203/00—Indexing scheme relating to details of circuit arrangements for AC mains or AC distribution networks
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Abstract

The invention discloses an inertia evaluation method, device, equipment and medium considering network topology, comprising the following steps: establishing a multi-machine frequency response model by considering the dynamic characteristics of the power generation equipment and the network topology of the multi-machine power system; based on the multi-computer frequency response model, calculating a static inertia index and a dynamic inertia index of the multi-computer power system; the static inertia index is used for evaluating the system inertia distribution characteristic, and the dynamic inertia index is used for evaluating the relative inertia of a system node under specific disturbance. By adopting the embodiment of the invention, the dynamic characteristics of all the equipment are not required to be considered, and the calculated amount is reduced.

Description

Inertia evaluation method, device, equipment and medium considering network topology
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of inertia evaluation technologies considering network topology, and in particular, to a method, an apparatus, a device, and a medium for evaluating inertia considering network topology.
Background
In order to promote sustainable development of energy and environment, synchronous power generation equipment in a power system is replaced by power electronic equipment taking new energy as a main body, and the control characteristic of active power-frequency decoupling enables the future power system to gradually evolve into a low-inertia power system with high permeability of the new energy, so that a series of frequency stability problems caused by the reduction of the inertia level of the system are also more and more remarkable. In order to ensure the stable operation of the system, the method has important significance in accurately evaluating the inertia of the system. At present, related researches on power system inertia evaluation are carried out, and the system inertia evaluation is generally realized by adopting time domain simulation, however, the method has large calculated amount and consumes more calculation resources.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an inertia evaluation method, device, equipment and medium considering network topology, which are used for solving the problems that the calculated amount is large and more calculation resources are consumed in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides an inertia evaluation method considering network topology, including:
establishing a multi-machine frequency response model by considering the dynamic characteristics of the power generation equipment and the network topology of the multi-machine power system;
based on the multi-computer frequency response model, calculating a static inertia index and a dynamic inertia index of the multi-computer power system; the static inertia index is used for evaluating the system inertia distribution characteristic, and the dynamic inertia index is used for evaluating the relative inertia of a system node under specific disturbance.
As an improvement of the above scheme, the method for establishing the multi-machine frequency response model by considering the dynamic characteristics of the power generation equipment and the network topology of the multi-machine power system comprises the following steps:
establishing a single machine frequency response model by utilizing a power generation equipment rotor motion equation, a relation between a rotating speed and a power angle and a power generation equipment speed regulator model;
and based on the network topology of the multi-machine power system, establishing a multi-machine frequency response model according to the single-machine frequency response model.
As an improvement of the above scheme, the method for establishing a stand-alone frequency response model by using the generator rotor motion equation, the relation between the rotating speed and the power angle and the generator speed regulator model comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps of:
J i sΔω G，i +D i Δω G，i ＝ΔP m，i -ΔP e，i +ΔP Leq，i i＝1，...，n (1)
where s is the Laplacian, Δω G，i For the frequency variation of the ith power generation equipment, J i Is an inertia constant, D i As damping coefficient, deltaP m，i As the variation of mechanical power, ΔP e，i Delta P is the electromagnetic power variation Leq，i Equivalent disturbance converted to the ith power generation equipment node;
the relation between the construction rotating speed and the work angle is as follows:
sΔδ i ＝ω 0 Δω G，i i＝1，...，n (2)
where s is the Laplacian, ω 0 For the reference angular frequency, Δω G，i For the frequency variation of the ith power generation facility, Δδ i The power angle deviation variation amount of the ith power generation equipment;
the construction of the power generation equipment speed regulator model is as follows:
T i sΔP m，i +ΔP m，i ＝-K D，i Δω G，i (3)
wherein ,Ti For turbine control time constant, K D，i For the droop coefficient, s is Laplacian, ΔP m，i For variation of mechanical power, Δω G，i The frequency variation amount for the i-th power generation device;
according to the formula (1), the formula (2) and the formula (3), a single-machine frequency response model is established as follows:
Figure BDA0004105269930000021
wherein ,gi (s) is the transfer function of the dynamic device, Δδ i Is the power angle deviation variation of the ith power generation equipment.
As an improvement of the above solution, the establishing a multi-machine frequency response model based on the multi-machine power system network topology according to the single-machine frequency response model includes:
analyzing the network topology of the multi-machine power system, and linearizing a tide equation through a formula (5):
Figure BDA0004105269930000031
wherein ,BGG ∈R n×n Diagonal matrix formed by d-axis transient reactance of power generation equipment, B nn ∈R n×n and Bmm ∈R m×m Self-susceptance matrix at generating equipment bus and intermediate bus respectively, B mn ∈R m×n As a mutual susceptance matrix, B Ln ∈R n×n and BLm ∈R m ×m Is a load equivalent susceptance matrix, B 1 ＝[-B GG 0]，
Figure BDA0004105269930000032
Delta and delta theta are vectors formed by phase angle variation of the generating equipment bus and the non-generating equipment bus respectively;
and establishing a multi-machine frequency response model by using the linearized tide equation and the single-machine frequency response model.
As an improvement of the above solution, the establishing a multi-machine frequency response model by using the linearized tidal current equation and the single-machine frequency response model includes:
and (5) to obtain a formula (6):
Figure BDA0004105269930000033
in the formula ,g-1 (s)＝diag(g i -1 (s))，ΔP LG and ΔPLB The disturbance in the bus of the power generation equipment and the bus where the non-internal node is located are respectively;
according to the second line expression of equation (6), the vector Δθ is expressed as:
Figure BDA0004105269930000034
substituting equation (7) into the first line expression of equation (6) and assuming that the perturbation occurs only at external nodes, there are:
Figure BDA0004105269930000041
Figure BDA0004105269930000042
Figure BDA0004105269930000043
wherein ,HB As a system equivalent susceptance matrix, ΔP Leq Is an equivalent power disturbance matrix;
taking into account Δω G ＝sΔδ/ω 0 Obtaining a multi-machine frequency response model:
Figure BDA0004105269930000044
wherein ,HJ To expand susceptance matrix, defined as H J ＝J -1/2 H B J -1/2 ；g' -1 (s) is a diagonal matrix of transfer functions at the power plant reference value.
As an improvement of the above solution, the calculating, based on the multi-machine frequency response model, a static inertia index and a dynamic inertia index of the multi-machine power system includes:
based on the multi-machine frequency response model, an extended susceptance matrix H is obtained J ；
For the extended susceptance matrix H J Diagonalization gives a eigenvalue lambda i And a feature vector matrix U;
and combining the positions of the disturbance and the actual inertia monitoring points, calculating a first reciprocal of the maximum frequency change rate at the port when the unit step disturbance occurs at the port of the equipment and a second reciprocal of the maximum frequency change rate of the actual inertia monitoring points when the unit step disturbance occurs at the system node by utilizing the eigenvalue lambda and the eigenvector matrix U, wherein the first reciprocal is used as a static inertia index, and the second reciprocal is used as a dynamic inertia index.
As an improvement of the above scheme, the combining disturbance and the position of the actual inertia monitoring point, using the eigenvalue λ and the eigenvector matrix U, calculates a first reciprocal of a maximum frequency change rate at the port when the unit step disturbance occurs at the port of the device and a second reciprocal of the maximum frequency change rate of the actual inertia monitoring point when the unit step disturbance occurs at the system node, and uses the first reciprocal as a static inertia index and the second reciprocal as a dynamic inertia index, where the method includes:
decoupling each component of the multi-machine frequency response model response:
Figure BDA0004105269930000051
wherein j=diag (J i )，I n Is a unitary matrix, Λ=diag (λ i ) Is based on the characteristic value lambda i For the eigenvalue matrix of diagonal elements, U is the expanded susceptance matrix H J And the eigenvector of the extended susceptance matrix H(s), u= [ U ] 1 ，u 2 ，…，u n] and UUT ＝I n ，d＝D sum /J sum ，K D ＝K D,sum /J sum ；J sum ，D sum and KD,sum Respectively the sum of the inertia, damping and sag coefficients of the system, lambda k (s) is the kth eigenvalue of the extended susceptance matrix H(s);
according to the device frequency Deltaomega G And node frequency Δω B Linear relation of (c) to obtain:
Figure BDA0004105269930000052
wherein ,
Figure BDA0004105269930000053
A k ＝J -1/2 u k ；
assuming that the disturbance position and the inertia monitoring point are positioned at the same node i, then
Figure BDA0004105269930000056
Computing the static inertia J of the ith node s,i ：
Figure BDA0004105269930000054
wherein ,FG and FB Initial frequency change rates for power plant and non-power plant nodes;
selecting the subscript of the disturbance position as k, and calculating the equivalent power disturbance at the generator node j at the initial moment
Figure BDA0004105269930000055
Calculating the dynamic inertia J of the ith node dy,i ：
Figure BDA0004105269930000061
wherein ,FB,i Is the initial rate of change of frequency for node i.
To achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides an inertia evaluation apparatus considering a network topology, including:
the multi-machine frequency response model building module is used for building a multi-machine frequency response model by considering the dynamic characteristics of the power generation equipment and the network topology of the multi-machine power system;
the inertia evaluation module is used for calculating static inertia indexes and dynamic inertia indexes of the multi-computer power system based on the multi-computer frequency response model; the static inertia index is used for evaluating the system inertia distribution characteristic, and the dynamic inertia index is used for evaluating the relative inertia of a system node under specific disturbance.
To achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device including a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor, the processor implementing the inertia evaluation method considering network topology as described above when executing the computer program.
To achieve the above object, embodiments of the present invention provide a computer-readable storage medium including a stored computer program; wherein the computer program, when running, controls a device in which the computer readable storage medium is located to perform the inertia evaluation method considering network topology as described above.
Compared with the prior art, the inertia evaluation method, the inertia evaluation device, the inertia evaluation equipment and the inertia evaluation medium taking the network topology into consideration, provided by the embodiment of the invention, are used for establishing a multi-machine frequency response model by taking the dynamic characteristics of power generation equipment and the network topology of a multi-machine power system into consideration; based on the multi-computer frequency response model, calculating a static inertia index and a dynamic inertia index of the multi-computer power system; the static inertia index is used for evaluating the system inertia distribution characteristic, the dynamic inertia index is used for evaluating the relative inertia of the system node under specific disturbance, the dynamic characteristics of all equipment are not needed to be considered, the calculated amount is reduced, and the consumption of calculation resources is low. In addition, the embodiment of the invention ensures the accuracy of the model to the frequency response representation and the inertia index by combining the static inertia index and the dynamic inertia index, and improves the effectiveness of evaluating the frequency stability of the system. The embodiment of the invention can provide a reference basis for the frequency stability of the power system and provide effective reference for new energy site selection and related control strategy selection.
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FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for evaluating inertia in consideration of network topology according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a stand-alone frequency response model provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a network topology diagram of a multi-machine power system provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic block diagram of a multi-machine frequency response model provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a network topology diagram of a four-machine two-area system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a graph comparing static inertia index provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a graph comparing dynamic inertia indexes provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a block diagram of an inertia evaluation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention, which considers network topology;
fig. 9 is a block diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for evaluating inertia considering network topology according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the method for evaluating inertia considering network topology includes:
s1, establishing a multi-machine frequency response model by considering dynamic characteristics of power generation equipment and network topology of a multi-machine power system;
s2, calculating a static inertia index and a dynamic inertia index of the multi-computer power system based on the multi-computer frequency response model; the static inertia index is used for evaluating the system inertia distribution characteristic, and the dynamic inertia index is used for evaluating the relative inertia of a system node under specific disturbance.
Specifically, the method for establishing the multi-machine frequency response model by considering the dynamic characteristics of the power generation equipment and the network topology of the multi-machine power system comprises the following steps:
establishing a single machine frequency response model by utilizing a power generation equipment rotor motion equation, a relation between a rotating speed and a power angle and a power generation equipment speed regulator model;
and based on the network topology of the multi-machine power system, establishing a multi-machine frequency response model according to the single-machine frequency response model.
Specifically, the method for establishing a single machine frequency response model by using a generator rotor motion equation, a relation between a rotating speed and a power angle and a generator speed regulator model comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps of:
J i sΔω G，i +D i Δω G，i ＝ΔP m，i -ΔP e，i +ΔP Leq，i i＝1，...，n (1)
where s is the Laplacian, Δω G，i For the frequency variation of the ith power generation equipment, J i Is an inertia constant, D i As damping coefficient, deltaP m，i As the variation of mechanical power, ΔP e，i Delta P is the electromagnetic power variation Leq，i Equivalent disturbance converted to the ith power generation equipment node;
the relation between the construction rotating speed and the work angle is as follows:
sΔδ i ＝ω 0 Δω G，i i＝1，...，n (2)
where s is the Laplacian, ω 0 For the reference angular frequency, Δω G，i For the frequency variation of the ith power generation facility, Δδ i The power angle deviation variation amount of the ith power generation equipment;
the construction of the power generation equipment speed regulator model is as follows:
T i sΔP m，i +ΔP m，i ＝-K D，i Δω G，i (3)
wherein ,Ti For turbine control time constant, K D，i For the droop coefficient, s is Laplacian, ΔP m，i For variation of mechanical power, Δω G，i The frequency variation amount for the i-th power generation device;
according to the formula (1), the formula (2) and the formula (3), a single-machine frequency response model is established as follows:
Figure BDA0004105269930000081
wherein ,gi (s) is the transfer function of the dynamic device, Δδ i Is the power angle deviation variation of the ith power generation equipment.
For example, referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 shows a schematic block diagram of a stand-alone frequency response model consisting of plant rotor dynamics and speed governors.
Specifically, the establishing a multi-machine frequency response model based on the network topology of the multi-machine power system according to the single-machine frequency response model includes:
analyzing the network topology of the multi-machine power system, and linearizing a tide equation through a formula (5):
Figure BDA0004105269930000091
wherein ,BGG ∈R n×n Diagonal matrix formed by d-axis transient reactance of power generation equipment, B nn ∈R n×n and Bmm ∈R m×m Self-susceptance matrix at generating equipment bus and intermediate bus respectively, B mn ∈R m×n As a mutual susceptance matrix, B Ln ∈R n×n and BLm ∈R m ×m Is a load equivalent susceptance matrix, B 1 ＝[-B GG 0]，
Figure BDA0004105269930000092
Delta and delta theta are vectors formed by phase angle variation of the generating equipment bus and the non-generating equipment bus respectively; />
Referring to fig. 3, an exemplary embodiment of the present invention provides a network topology diagram of a multi-machine power system, based on which a power flow equation is linearized, and only a relationship between active power and a power angle is considered, which may be written as:
Figure BDA0004105269930000093
wherein ,BGG ∈R n×n Diagonal matrix formed by d-axis transient reactance of power generation equipment, B nn ∈R n×n and Bmm ∈R m×m Self-susceptance matrix at generating equipment bus and intermediate bus (collectively referred to as non-internal node located bus), respectively, B mn ∈R m×n As a mutual susceptance matrix, B Ln ∈R n×n and BLm ∈R m×m Is a load equivalent susceptance matrix, B 1 ＝[-B GG 0]，
Figure BDA0004105269930000101
And establishing a multi-machine frequency response model by using the linearized tide equation and the single-machine frequency response model.
Specifically, the establishing a multi-machine frequency response model by using the linearized tide equation and the single-machine frequency response model includes:
and (5) to obtain a formula (6):
Figure BDA0004105269930000102
in the formula ,g-1 (s)＝diag(g i -1 (s))，ΔP LG and ΔPLB The disturbance in the bus of the power generation equipment and the bus where the non-internal node is located are respectively;
according to the second line expression of equation (6), the vector Δθ is expressed as:
Figure BDA0004105269930000103
substituting equation (7) into the first line expression of equation (6) and assuming that the perturbation occurs only at external nodes, there are:
Figure BDA0004105269930000104
Figure BDA0004105269930000105
Figure BDA0004105269930000106
wherein ,HB As a system equivalent susceptance matrix, ΔP Leq Is an equivalent power disturbance matrix;
taking into account Δω G ＝sΔδ/ω 0 Obtaining a multi-machine frequency response model:
Figure BDA0004105269930000107
wherein ,HJ To expand susceptance matrix, defined as H J ＝J -1/2 H B J -1/2 ；g' -1 (s) is a diagonal matrix of transfer functions at the power plant reference value.
Exemplary, referring to fig. 4, the schematic block diagram of the multi-machine frequency response model provided by the embodiment of the invention is composed of a network side and a power generation equipment side.
Specifically, the calculating, based on the multi-machine frequency response model, a static inertia index and a dynamic inertia index of the multi-machine power system includes:
based on the multi-machine frequency response model, an extended susceptance matrix H is obtained J ；
For the extended susceptance matrix H J Diagonalization gives a eigenvalue lambda i And a feature vector matrix U;
and combining the positions of the disturbance and the actual inertia monitoring points, calculating a first reciprocal of the maximum frequency change rate at the port when the unit step disturbance occurs at the port of the equipment and a second reciprocal of the maximum frequency change rate of the actual inertia monitoring points when the unit step disturbance occurs at the system node by utilizing the eigenvalue lambda and the eigenvector matrix U, wherein the first reciprocal is used as a static inertia index, and the second reciprocal is used as a dynamic inertia index.
Specifically, when the position of the disturbance and the actual inertia monitoring point is combined and the characteristic value lambda and the characteristic vector matrix U are utilized to calculate a first reciprocal of the maximum frequency change rate at the port when the unit step disturbance occurs at the port of the equipment and a second reciprocal of the maximum frequency change rate of the actual inertia monitoring point when the unit step disturbance occurs at the system node, the first reciprocal is used as a static inertia index, and the second reciprocal is used as a dynamic inertia index, and the method comprises the following steps:
decoupling each component of the multi-machine frequency response model response:
Figure BDA0004105269930000111
wherein j=diag (J i )，I n Is a unitary matrix, Λ=diag (λ i ) Is based on the characteristic value lambda i For the eigenvalue matrix of diagonal elements, U is the expanded susceptance matrix H J And the eigenvector of the extended susceptance matrix H(s), u= [ U ] 1 ，u 2 ，…，u n] and UUT ＝I n ，d＝D sum /J sum ，K D ＝K D,sum /J sum ；J sum ，D sum and KD,sum Respectively the sum of the inertia, damping and sag coefficients of the system, lambda k (s) is the kth eigenvalue of the extended susceptance matrix H(s);
according to the device frequency Deltaomega G And node frequency Δω B Linear relation of (c) to obtain:
Figure BDA0004105269930000121
wherein ,
Figure BDA0004105269930000122
A k ＝J -1/2 u k ；
assuming that the disturbance position and the inertia monitoring point are positioned at the same node i, then
Figure BDA0004105269930000123
Computing the static inertia J of the ith node s,i ：/>
Figure BDA0004105269930000124
wherein ,FG and FB Initial frequency change rates for power plant and non-power plant nodes;
it can be appreciated that assuming that the disturbance location and inertia monitoring point are at the same node i, then the following is satisfied
Figure BDA0004105269930000125
The maximum frequency change rate of the node at this time can be obtained by the initial value theorem, and the static inertia of the ith node can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0004105269930000126
selecting the subscript of the disturbance position as k, and calculating the equivalent power disturbance at the generator node j at the initial moment
Figure BDA0004105269930000127
Calculating the dynamic inertia J of the ith node dy,i ：
Figure BDA0004105269930000128
wherein ,FB,i Is the initial rate of change of frequency for node i.
It will be appreciated that assuming there are multiple disturbances in the system, the equivalent power disturbance at the generator node j at the initial time is
Figure BDA0004105269930000131
The maximum rate of change of frequency of the node and the dynamics of node iInertia can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0004105269930000132
in the embodiment of the invention, the static inertia defines J s,i When unit step disturbance occurs to the equipment port, the reciprocal of the maximum frequency change rate at the port is equal to the disturbance in the index and the inertia monitoring point, and the method is suitable for analyzing the integral inertia distribution condition of the system, J s,i The larger the node is, the smaller the frequency change rate is when the node is disturbed; dynamic inertia J dy,i The system node J is defined as the reciprocal of the maximum frequency change rate of an inertia monitoring point i when a unit step disturbance occurs at the system node J, the index is used for calculating the relative position of disturbance position and power generation equipment, and the system node J is suitable for analyzing the inertia of the equipment concerned under a specific scene dy,i The larger this indicates the more severe the frequency fluctuations experienced in the case of this disturbance. The embodiment of the invention combines the static inertia and the dynamic inertia index, provides a dynamic inertia evaluation method considering network topology, does not need to consider a high-order differential equation of equipment as in the traditional time domain simulation, thereby reducing the calculated amount and having high accuracy.
According to the inertia evaluation method considering the network topology, which is provided by the embodiment of the invention, the dynamic characteristics of the power generation equipment and the network topology of the multi-machine power system are considered, so that a multi-machine frequency response model is established; based on the multi-computer frequency response model, calculating a static inertia index and a dynamic inertia index of the multi-computer power system; the static inertia index is used for evaluating the system inertia distribution characteristic, the dynamic inertia index is used for evaluating the relative inertia of the system node under specific disturbance, the dynamic characteristics of all equipment are not needed to be considered, the calculated amount is reduced, and the consumption of calculation resources is low. In addition, the embodiment of the invention ensures the accuracy of the model to the frequency response representation and the inertia index by combining the static inertia index and the dynamic inertia index, and improves the effectiveness of evaluating the frequency stability of the system. The embodiment of the invention can provide a reference basis for the frequency stability of the power system and provide effective reference for new energy site selection and related control strategy selection.
In one embodiment, the system of FIG. 5 is subjected to inertia evaluation verification using the embodiment of the present invention. The network topology parameters and the power generation equipment parameters of the system are set, theoretical values and calculated values of static inertia and dynamic inertia are calculated, and the inertia distribution of the system is given, so that the method provided by the invention can be verified.
The simulation calculation is carried out on the embodiment by adopting the method, and the result is as follows:
fig. 5 shows a network topology of a four-machine two-area system, wherein parameters are shown in table 1 and table 2. FIG. 6 shows the electrical distance x at the bus 11 L The theoretical value of static inertia and the simulated calculated value, wherein the power plant inertia parameters are shown in table 3. The simulation calculation is obtained by the relation between the average frequency change rate and the static inertia within 0.15s after the frequency event occurs. As can be seen from the graph, the static inertia changes of the theoretical calculation and the simulation calculation are the same, and the inertia obtained by the simulation calculation is slightly higher than the theoretical calculation value, because the average frequency change rate within 0.15s is larger than the actual initial frequency change rate. On the other hand, x L The influence of region 2 on the static inertia of bus bar 11 increases. Table 4 shows the static inertia distribution of the system for different power plant inertias.
Table 1 dynamic parameter table for power plant
Figure BDA0004105269930000141
Table 2 line parameter table
Figure BDA0004105269930000142
TABLE 3 Power plant inertia parameter Meter
Figure BDA0004105269930000151
Table 4 node static inertial measurement unit
Figure BDA0004105269930000152
Table 5 node dynamic inertial measurement unit
Figure BDA0004105269930000153
Figure BDA0004105269930000161
Further, to calculate the dynamic inertia, from FIG. 5, it is assumed that the fault occurs at bus 10, bus 11 follows the electrical distance x L The theoretical value of dynamic inertia and the change of the simulation calculated value are shown in fig. 7. Similar to fig. 6, the dynamic inertia changes of the theoretical calculation and the simulation calculation are the same, and the inertia obtained by the simulation calculation is slightly higher than the theoretical calculation value. Table 5 shows the values when x L When=0.1, the dynamic inertia distribution of the system is different under different inertia of the power generation equipment. It can be seen that region 1 has a much smaller inertia than region 2 because most of the power disturbance at the initial time is borne by this region, resulting in a larger rate of frequency change.
Referring to fig. 8, fig. 8 is a block diagram of an inertia evaluation apparatus 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the inertia evaluation apparatus according to the network topology includes:
to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides an inertia evaluation apparatus considering a network topology, including:
the multi-machine frequency response model building module is used for building a multi-machine frequency response model by considering the dynamic characteristics of the power generation equipment and the network topology of the multi-machine power system;
the inertia evaluation module is used for calculating static inertia indexes and dynamic inertia indexes of the multi-computer power system based on the multi-computer frequency response model; the static inertia index is used for evaluating the system inertia distribution characteristic, and the dynamic inertia index is used for evaluating the relative inertia of a system node under specific disturbance.
To achieve the above object, embodiments of the present invention provide a computer-readable storage medium including a stored computer program; wherein the computer program, when run, controls a device in which the computer-readable storage medium resides to perform the inertia evaluation method taking into account the network topology as in the above-described embodiment.
Referring to fig. 9, fig. 9 is a block diagram of an electronic device 20 according to an embodiment of the present invention, where the electronic device 20 includes: a processor 21, a memory 22 and a computer program stored in said memory 22 and executable on said processor 21. The processor 21, when executing the computer program, implements the steps of the embodiment of the inertia evaluation method described above, taking into account the network topology. Alternatively, the processor 21 may implement the functions of the modules/units in the above-described device embodiments when executing the computer program.
Illustratively, the computer program may be partitioned into one or more modules/units that are stored in the memory 22 and executed by the processor 21 to complete the present invention. The one or more modules/units may be a series of computer program instruction segments capable of performing the specified functions, which instruction segments are used to describe the execution of the computer program in the electronic device 20.
The electronic device 20 may be a computing device such as a desktop computer, a notebook computer, a palm computer, and a cloud server. The electronic device 20 may include, but is not limited to, a processor 21, a memory 22. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the schematic diagram is merely an example of the electronic device 20 and is not meant to be limiting of the electronic device 20, and may include more or fewer components than shown, or may combine certain components, or different components, e.g., the electronic device 20 may also include input-output devices, network access devices, buses, etc.
The processor 21 may be a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), but may also be other general purpose processors, digital signal processors (Digital Signal Processor, DSP), application specific integrated circuits (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), field-programmable gate arrays (Field-Programmable Gate Array, FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, or the like. The general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like, and the processor 21 is a control center of the electronic device 20, and connects various parts of the entire electronic device 20 using various interfaces and lines.
The memory 22 may be used to store the computer program and/or module, and the processor 21 may implement various functions of the electronic device 20 by executing or executing the computer program and/or module stored in the memory 22, and invoking data stored in the memory 22. The memory 22 may mainly include a storage program area and a storage data area, wherein the storage program area may store an operating system, an application program (such as a sound playing function, an image playing function, etc.) required for at least one function, and the like; the storage data area may store data (such as audio data, phonebook, etc.) created according to the use of the handset, etc. In addition, the memory 22 may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as a hard disk, memory, plug-in hard disk, smart Media Card (SMC), secure Digital (SD) Card, flash Card (Flash Card), at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, or other volatile solid-state storage device.
Wherein the integrated modules/units of the electronic device 20 may be stored in a computer readable storage medium if implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as a stand alone product. Based on such understanding, the present invention may implement all or part of the flow of the method of the above embodiment, or may be implemented by a computer program to instruct related hardware, where the computer program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and the computer program may implement the steps of each of the method embodiments described above when executed by the processor 21. Wherein the computer program comprises computer program code which may be in source code form, object code form, executable file or some intermediate form etc. The computer readable medium may include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, a recording medium, a U disk, a removable hard disk, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a computer Memory, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a random access Memory (RAM, random Access Memory), an electrical carrier signal, a telecommunications signal, a software distribution medium, and so forth.
It should be noted that the above-described apparatus embodiments are merely illustrative, and the units described as separate units may or may not be physically separate, and units shown as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one place, or may be distributed over a plurality of network units. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment. In addition, in the drawings of the embodiment of the device provided by the invention, the connection relation between the modules represents that the modules have communication connection, and can be specifically implemented as one or more communication buses or signal lines. Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand and implement the present invention without undue burden.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes and modifications may be made without departing from the principles of the invention, such changes and modifications are also intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. An inertia evaluation method considering network topology, comprising:
establishing a multi-machine frequency response model by considering the dynamic characteristics of the power generation equipment and the network topology of the multi-machine power system;
based on the multi-computer frequency response model, calculating a static inertia index and a dynamic inertia index of the multi-computer power system; the static inertia index is used for evaluating the system inertia distribution characteristic, and the dynamic inertia index is used for evaluating the relative inertia of a system node under specific disturbance.
2. The inertia evaluation method considering network topology as recited in claim 1, wherein said establishing a multi-machine frequency response model by considering power generation equipment dynamics and multi-machine power system network topology comprises:
establishing a single machine frequency response model by utilizing a power generation equipment rotor motion equation, a relation between a rotating speed and a power angle and a power generation equipment speed regulator model;
and based on the network topology of the multi-machine power system, establishing a multi-machine frequency response model according to the single-machine frequency response model.
3. The inertia evaluation method considering network topology according to claim 2, wherein the establishing a stand-alone frequency response model using the power generation equipment rotor equation of motion, the relation between the rotational speed and the power angle, and the power generation equipment governor model comprises:
the method comprises the following steps of:
J i sΔω G，i +D i Δω G，i ＝ΔP m，i -ΔP e，i +ΔP Leq，i i＝1,...，n (1)
where s is the Laplacian, Δω G，i For the frequency variation of the ith power generation equipment, J i Is an inertia constant, D i As damping coefficient, deltaP m,i As the variation of mechanical power, ΔP e,i Delta P is the electromagnetic power variation Leq,i Equivalent disturbance converted to the ith power generation equipment node;
the relation between the construction rotating speed and the work angle is as follows:
sΔδ i ＝ω 0 Δω G，i i＝1，...，n (2)
where s is the Laplacian, ω 0 For the reference angular frequency, Δω G，i For the frequency variation of the ith power generation facility, Δδ i The power angle deviation variation amount of the ith power generation equipment;
the construction of the power generation equipment speed regulator model is as follows:
T i sΔP m,i +ΔP m,i ＝-K D,i Δω G,i (3)
wherein ,Ti For turbine control time constant, K D,i For the droop coefficient, s is Laplacian, ΔP m,i For variation of mechanical power, Δω G，i The frequency variation amount for the i-th power generation device; the method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the
According to the formula (1), the formula (2) and the formula (3), a single-machine frequency response model is established as follows:
Figure FDA0004105269890000021
wherein ,gi (s) is the transfer function of the dynamic device, Δδ i Is the power angle deviation variation of the ith power generation equipment.
4. A network topology based inertia evaluation method of claim 3, wherein said establishing a multi-machine frequency response model based on said single machine frequency response model based on said multi-machine power system network topology comprises:
analyzing the network topology of the multi-machine power system, and linearizing a tide equation through a formula (5):
Figure FDA0004105269890000022
wherein ,BGG ∈R n×n Diagonal matrix formed by d-axis transient reactance of power generation equipment, B nn ∈R n×n and Bmm ∈R m×m Self-susceptance matrix at generating equipment bus and intermediate bus respectively, B mn ∈R m×n As a mutual susceptance matrix, B Ln ∈R n×n and BLm ∈R m×m Is a load equivalent susceptance matrix, B 1 ＝[-B GG 0]，
Figure FDA0004105269890000031
Delta and delta theta are vectors formed by phase angle variation of the generating equipment bus and the non-generating equipment bus respectively;
and establishing a multi-machine frequency response model by using the linearized tide equation and the single-machine frequency response model.
5. The method for evaluating inertia considering network topology as recited in claim 4, wherein said establishing a multi-machine frequency response model using the linearized flow equation and the single-machine frequency response model comprises:
and (5) to obtain a formula (6):
Figure FDA0004105269890000032
in the formula ,g-1 (s)＝diag(g i -1 (s))，ΔP LG and ΔPLB The disturbance in the bus of the power generation equipment and the bus where the non-internal node is located are respectively;
according to the second line expression of equation (6), the vector Δθ is expressed as:
Figure FDA0004105269890000033
substituting equation (7) into the first line expression of equation (6) and assuming that the perturbation occurs only at external nodes, there are:
Figure FDA0004105269890000034
Figure FDA0004105269890000035
Figure FDA0004105269890000036
wherein ,HB As a system equivalent susceptance matrix, ΔP Leq Is an equivalent power disturbance matrix;
taking into account Δω G ＝sΔδ/ω 0 Obtaining a multi-machine frequency response model:
Figure FDA0004105269890000037
wherein ,HJ To expand susceptance matrix, defined as H J ＝J -1/2 H B J -1/2 ；g' -1 (s) is a diagonal matrix of transfer functions at the power plant reference value.
6. The inertia evaluation method considering network topology of claim 5, wherein said calculating static inertia index and dynamic inertia index of the multi-machine power system based on the multi-machine frequency response model comprises:
based on the multi-machine frequency response model, an extended susceptance matrix H is obtained J ；
For the extended susceptance matrix H J Diagonalization gives a eigenvalue lambda i And a feature vector matrix U;
and combining the positions of the disturbance and the actual inertia monitoring points, calculating a first reciprocal of the maximum frequency change rate at the port when the unit step disturbance occurs at the port of the equipment and a second reciprocal of the maximum frequency change rate of the actual inertia monitoring points when the unit step disturbance occurs at the system node by utilizing the eigenvalue lambda and the eigenvector matrix U, wherein the first reciprocal is used as a static inertia index, and the second reciprocal is used as a dynamic inertia index.
7. The inertia evaluation method considering network topology according to claim 6, wherein the calculating the first reciprocal of the maximum frequency change rate at the port when the unit step disturbance occurs at the port of the device and the second reciprocal of the maximum frequency change rate at the actual inertia monitoring point when the unit step disturbance occurs at the system node by using the eigenvalue λ and eigenvector matrix U in combination with the positions of the disturbance and the actual inertia monitoring point, takes the first reciprocal as a static inertia index, and the second reciprocal as a dynamic inertia index, comprises:
decoupling each component of the multi-machine frequency response model response:
Figure FDA0004105269890000041
wherein j=diag (J i )，I n Is a unitary matrix, Λ=diag (λ i ) Is based on the characteristic value lambda i For the eigenvalue matrix of diagonal elements, U is the expanded susceptance matrix H J And the eigenvector of the extended susceptance matrix H(s), u= [ U ] 1 ，u 2 ，…，u n] and UUT ＝I n ，d＝D sum /J sum ，K D ＝K D,sum /J sum ；J sum ，D sum and KD,sum Respectively the sum of the inertia, damping and sag coefficients of the system, lambda k (s) is the kth eigenvalue of the extended susceptance matrix H(s);
according to the device frequency Deltaomega G And node frequency Δω B Linear relation of (c) to obtain:
Figure FDA0004105269890000051
wherein ,
Figure FDA0004105269890000052
A k ＝J -1/2 u k ；
assuming that the disturbance position and the inertia monitoring point are positioned at the same node i, then
Figure FDA0004105269890000056
Calculate the ith sectionStatic inertia of point J s,i ：/>
Figure FDA0004105269890000053
wherein ,FG and FB Initial frequency change rates for power plant and non-power plant nodes;
selecting the subscript of the disturbance position as k, and calculating the equivalent power disturbance at the generator node j at the initial moment
Figure FDA0004105269890000054
Calculating the dynamic inertia J of the ith node dy,i ：
Figure FDA0004105269890000055
wherein ,FB,i Is the initial rate of change of frequency for node i.
8. An inertia evaluation apparatus considering a network topology, comprising:
the multi-machine frequency response model building module is used for building a multi-machine frequency response model by considering the dynamic characteristics of the power generation equipment and the network topology of the multi-machine power system;
the inertia evaluation module is used for calculating static inertia indexes and dynamic inertia indexes of the multi-computer power system based on the multi-computer frequency response model; the static inertia index is used for evaluating the system inertia distribution characteristic, and the dynamic inertia index is used for evaluating the relative inertia of a system node under specific disturbance.
9. An electronic device comprising a processor, a memory and a computer program stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor, the processor implementing the inertia evaluation method taking into account network topology according to any one of claims 1 to 7 when executing the computer program.
10. A computer readable storage medium, wherein the computer readable storage medium comprises a stored computer program; wherein the computer program, when run, controls a device in which the computer readable storage medium is located to perform the inertia evaluation method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, taking into account the network topology.
CN202310190385.1A 2023-02-24 2023-02-24 Inertia evaluation method, device, equipment and medium considering network topology Pending CN116167191A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117791599A (en) * 2024-02-28 2024-03-29 广东工业大学 Node inertia estimation method, system and device for power system

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN117791599A (en) * 2024-02-28 2024-03-29 广东工业大学 Node inertia estimation method, system and device for power system
CN117791599B (en) * 2024-02-28 2024-05-03 广东工业大学 Node inertia estimation method, system and device for power system

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