CN116165660B - Multi-frequency-band marine environment aviation comprehensive detection system - Google Patents
Multi-frequency-band marine environment aviation comprehensive detection system Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64D—EQUIPMENT FOR FITTING IN OR TO AIRCRAFT; FLIGHT SUITS; PARACHUTES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF POWER PLANTS OR PROPULSION TRANSMISSIONS IN AIRCRAFT
- B64D47/00—Equipment not otherwise provided for
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/87—Combinations of radar systems, e.g. primary radar and secondary radar
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/024—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00 using polarisation effects
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/35—Details of non-pulse systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/35—Details of non-pulse systems
- G01S7/352—Receivers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/40—Means for monitoring or calibrating
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Abstract
The application relates to a multi-band marine environment aviation comprehensive detection system, include: the system comprises a control computer, a comprehensive processor, a first frequency band microwave detection subsystem, a second/third frequency band microwave detection subsystem and a power supply and distribution subsystem. The integrated detection system is designed, and has 3 frequency bands, 3 channels and dual polarization detection capability, so that the total weight of the system is reduced, and the effective load duty ratio is improved; on the other hand, the marine environment information acquisition capability is more; the comprehensive detection system can realize a plurality of working modes through corresponding control, and different frequency bands can work in a time-sharing mode or simultaneously; the method is particularly suitable for carrying the aircraft platform, and can be used for rapidly and accurately detecting the sea water salinity, the sea surface temperature and the sea surface wind speed in offshore areas according to actual needs; the detection result information can be used as an important supplement of large-scale satellite detection information, so that perfect ocean observation data is formed.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of remote sensing detection, in particular to a multi-band marine environment aviation comprehensive detection system.
Background
The ocean resource is scientifically detected and reasonably developed and utilized by utilizing advanced technology, the ocean environment is scientifically protected, the ocean disaster is accurately forecasted, the national security is effectively ensured, the national ocean master rights and interests are maintained, and the ocean disaster is an important task in China. The marine main business has urgent demands in aspects of marine disaster prevention and reduction, marine rights maintenance, marine environment protection, marine area use management, marine law enforcement supervision, marine disaster and emergency observation and novel marine element observation. The ocean environment element detection and research, particularly the research on sea surface wind fields, temperatures and salinity, can provide important guarantee information for fishery breeding industry and ship navigation safety, and can enhance the ocean disaster prevention and reduction capability, particularly the forecasting and early warning capability for typhoon disasters. At present, no aviation microwave radiation detection system is applied in China, and the capability of continuously detecting offshore key areas with high resolution and high precision is lacked.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome at least one defect in the prior art, the application provides a multi-band marine environment aviation comprehensive detection system.
In a first aspect, a multi-band marine environment aviation comprehensive detection system is provided, comprising: the system comprises a control computer, a comprehensive processor, a first frequency band microwave detection subsystem, a second/third frequency band microwave detection subsystem and a power supply and distribution subsystem; the control computer is used for man-machine interaction, generating an initial system control instruction and transmitting the initial system control instruction to the comprehensive processor; the comprehensive processor generates a second-level control instruction which is respectively transmitted to the first frequency band microwave detection subsystem and the second/third frequency band microwave detection subsystem for link control; the power supply and distribution subsystem is used for supplying power to the first frequency band microwave detection subsystem and the second/third frequency band microwave detection subsystem.
In one embodiment, in a receiving state, the control computer configures relevant working parameters, and sends the parameters to the comprehensive processor, and a control signal with corresponding time sequence is generated by the comprehensive processor and is transmitted to the first frequency band microwave detection subsystem or the second/third frequency band microwave detection subsystem; the first frequency band microwave detection subsystem or the second/third frequency band microwave detection subsystem receives the ocean environment information, processes the ocean environment information and sends the ocean environment information to the comprehensive processor to finish storage;
in the internal calibration state, the control computer sends an internal calibration working instruction to the comprehensive processor, and an internal calibration time sequence control signal is generated by the comprehensive processor and is transmitted to the first frequency band microwave detection subsystem or the second/third frequency band microwave detection subsystem; the first frequency band microwave detection subsystem or the second/third frequency band microwave detection subsystem generates and processes a calibration reference signal, and sends the processed calibration reference signal to the comprehensive processor; and the comprehensive processor calibrates and corrects the measurement result of the receiving process according to the processed calibration reference signal.
In one embodiment, the first frequency band microwave detection subsystem comprises a first frequency band antenna unit, a first frequency band receiver unit, a first frequency band information collector unit, and a first frequency band in-band scaling unit;
in a receiving state, the first frequency band antenna unit is used for receiving three target area radiation signals and forming three first frequency band signals which independently comprise H/V dual polarization; three first frequency band signals independently containing H/V dual polarization enter a first frequency band receiver unit, after being amplified, filtered and subjected to down-conversion treatment, enter a first frequency band information collector unit to complete signal sampling, and obtain sampled signals, and the sampled signals are input into a comprehensive processor for storage;
in an internal calibration state, the first frequency band receiver unit is switched to work in the internal calibration state, the first frequency band internal calibration unit outputs calibration reference signals at high temperature and high temperature respectively, the calibration reference signals are processed by the first frequency band receiver unit and the first frequency band information collector unit to obtain processed calibration reference signals, and the processed calibration reference signals are sent to the comprehensive processor.
In one embodiment, the first frequency band receiver unit includes three sets of receiving channels, each set of receiving channels includes an H-channel receiver, a V-channel receiver, a local oscillator module, and a power distribution network, the H-channel receiver and the V-channel receiver have the same structure, the input of the H-channel receiver is an H-polarized signal, and the input of the V-channel receiver is a V-polarized signal;
the H-path receiver comprises a coaxial isolator, a first low-noise amplifier, a second low-noise amplifier, an image rejection filter, a down-conversion mixer, an attenuator, a band-pass filter and an intermediate frequency amplifier group;
the H polarized signal is amplified through a coaxial isolator, a first low-noise amplifier and a second low-noise amplifier, filtered through an image rejection filter, down-converted into an intermediate frequency signal through a down-conversion mixer, and then adjusted and amplified through an attenuator, a band-pass filter and an intermediate frequency amplifier group to output a processed signal;
the local oscillation module generates radio frequency signals, and the radio frequency signals are divided into two paths of signals through the power distribution network and respectively sent to a down-conversion mixer of the H path receiver and a down-conversion mixer of the V path receiver.
In one embodiment, the first frequency band information collector unit comprises a compensation circuit, an A/D analog-to-digital conversion unit, an FPGA unit, a DAC unit, a temperature processing circuit, a temperature sensor, a 485 interface circuit and a data network port circuit;
the compensation circuit carries out gain adjustment on each channel of signals obtained, then sends the signals to the A/D analog-to-digital conversion unit for analog-to-digital conversion, and sends corresponding information obtained after conversion to the FPGA unit for processing, and sends the corresponding information to the comprehensive processor for storage through the data network port circuit;
the temperature sensor acquires the temperatures of the first frequency band antenna unit and the first frequency band receiver unit, the temperatures are processed by the temperature processing circuit to form temperature reporting information, the temperature reporting information is sent to the A/D analog-to-digital conversion unit to complete temperature acquisition, the temperature reporting information is processed by the FPGA unit, and the temperature reporting information is sent to the comprehensive processor to carry out temperature control judgment through the data network port circuit;
a 485 interface circuit is adopted between the comprehensive processor and the first frequency band information collector unit to realize the transmission of a second-level control instruction; the FPGA unit judges according to the requirement of the secondary control instruction sent by the integrated processor or the internal self-running program thereof, forms a link compensation control instruction, and controls the compensation circuit after conversion by the DAC unit.
In one embodiment, the first frequency band antenna unit includes 3 first frequency band horns and a first frequency band feed network, after the 3 first frequency band horns receive three target area radiation signals according to the wave beams, three independent electric signals are formed, 3 independent signals containing H/V dual polarization are formed through the first frequency band feed network respectively, and the signals enter the first frequency band receiver unit.
In one embodiment, the first frequency band microwave detection subsystem further comprises a first frequency band control distributor unit, wherein the first frequency band control distributor unit comprises a voltage conversion module and a heater and is used for converting input voltage to generate a secondary power supply required by single machine operation, and the heater is controlled to heat the single machine of the first frequency band microwave detection subsystem according to a thermal control signal of the integrated processor.
In one embodiment, the second/third frequency band microwave detection subsystem comprises a second/third frequency band common antenna unit, a second/third frequency band receiver unit, a second/third frequency band information collector unit and a second/third frequency band in-band scaling unit;
the second/third frequency band receiver unit comprises an X frequency band receiver and a C frequency band receiver, and the second/third frequency band information collector unit comprises an X frequency band information collector and a C frequency band information collector;
in the receiving state, the second/third frequency band antenna unit is used for receiving three target area radiation signals and forming three X frequency band signals independently containing H/V dual polarization and three C frequency band signals independently containing H/V dual polarization; three X frequency band signals independently containing H/V dual polarization enter an X frequency band receiver, and after being amplified, filtered and subjected to down-conversion treatment, enter an X frequency band information collector to complete signal sampling, so as to obtain sampled signals; three C frequency band signals independently containing H/V dual polarization enter a C frequency band receiver, and after being amplified, filtered and subjected to down-conversion treatment, enter a C frequency band information collector to complete signal sampling, so as to obtain sampled signals; inputting the sampled signals into a comprehensive processor for storage;
and in the internal calibration state, the second/third frequency band receiver unit is switched to work in the internal calibration state, the second/third frequency band internal calibration unit outputs calibration reference signals at a low temperature and a high temperature respectively, the second/third frequency band receiver unit and the second/third frequency band information acquisition unit process the calibration reference signals to obtain processed calibration reference signals, and the processed calibration reference signals are sent to the comprehensive processor.
In one embodiment, the second/third frequency band shared antenna unit includes 3 dual-frequency shared horns and a dual-frequency shared feed network, when the receiving process is operated, the 3 dual-frequency shared horns receive three target area radiation signals according to wave beams to form three independent electric signals, and three independent X frequency band signals containing H/V dual polarization and three independent C frequency band signals containing H/V dual polarization are formed through the dual-frequency shared feed network.
In one embodiment, the second/third frequency band microwave detection subsystem further comprises a second/third frequency band control distributor unit, wherein the second/third frequency band control distributor unit comprises a voltage conversion module and a heater, and is used for converting the input voltage to generate a secondary power supply required by single machine operation, and controlling the heater to heat the single machine of the second/third frequency band microwave detection subsystem according to a thermal control signal of the integrated processor.
In one embodiment, the first frequency band is an L frequency band and the second/third frequency band is a C/X frequency band.
In a second aspect, an aviation platform system is provided, which comprises a cabin, wherein the multi-frequency-band marine environment aviation comprehensive detection system is installed in the cabin.
In one embodiment, two holes are formed in the abdomen of the cabin to form 2 observation windows; the 3 first frequency band horns in the first frequency band microwave detection subsystem and the 3 double-frequency shared horns in the second/third frequency band microwave detection subsystem are respectively arranged in 2 observation windows.
Compared with the prior art, the application has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The integrated detection system has 3 frequency bands, 3 channels and dual polarization detection capability, so that the total weight of the system is reduced, and the effective load duty ratio is improved; on the other hand, there is more marine environmental information acquisition capability.
(2) The detection system can realize multiple working modes through corresponding control, and different frequency bands can work in a time-sharing mode or simultaneously.
(3) The detection system is particularly suitable for carrying and applying an aircraft platform; according to actual needs, the sea water salinity, the sea surface temperature and the sea surface wind speed in the offshore area are detected rapidly and with high precision; the detection result information can be used as an important supplement of large-scale satellite detection information, so that perfect ocean observation data is formed.
Drawings
The present application may be better understood by reference to the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form a part of this specification, together with the following detailed description. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of a multi-band marine environment aircraft integrated detection system according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of an internal calibration technique;
fig. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of an L-band receiver unit according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 shows a schematic structural diagram of an L-band information collector unit according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 shows a schematic structural diagram of an aeronautical platform system according to an embodiment of the present application.
Reference numerals:
the system comprises a 1-control computer, a 2-comprehensive processor, a 3-L frequency band microwave detection subsystem, a 4-C/X frequency band detection subsystem, a 5-power supply and distribution subsystem, a 6-L frequency band antenna unit, a 7-L frequency band information acquisition unit, an 8-L frequency band receiver unit, a 9-L frequency band internal calibration unit, a 10-cabin, an 11-L frequency band loudspeaker, a 12-L frequency band feed network, a 13-C/X frequency band shared antenna unit, a 14-C/X frequency band receiver unit, a 15-C/X frequency band information acquisition unit, a 16-C/X frequency band internal calibration unit, a 17-double frequency shared loudspeaker, an 18-double frequency shared feed network, a 19-C frequency band receiver, a 20-observation window, a 21-X frequency band receiver, a 22-C frequency band information acquisition unit and a 23-X frequency band information acquisition unit;
the device comprises a 71-compensation circuit, a 72-A/D analog-to-digital conversion unit, a 73-temperature processing circuit, a 74-temperature sensor, a 75-FPGA unit, a 76-DAC unit, a 77-485 interface circuit and a 78-data network interface circuit;
81-a coaxial isolator, 82-a first low noise amplifier, 83-a second low noise amplifier, 84-an image rejection filter, 85-a down-conversion mixer, 86-an attenuator, 87-a band pass filter, 88-an intermediate frequency amplifier bank; 89-local oscillation module, 810-power distribution network.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present application will be described hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the interest of clarity and conciseness, not all features of an actual embodiment are described in the specification. It will of course be appreciated that in the development of any such actual embodiment, numerous implementation-specific decisions may be made to achieve the developers' specific goals, and that these decisions may vary from one implementation to another.
It should be noted that, in order to avoid obscuring the present application with unnecessary details, only the device structures closely related to the solution according to the present application are shown in the drawings, and other details not greatly related to the present application are omitted.
It is to be understood that the present application is not limited to the described embodiments due to the following description with reference to the drawings. In this context, embodiments may be combined with each other, features replaced or borrowed between different embodiments, one or more features omitted in one embodiment, where possible.
The application mainly aims at the problems of high system integration level, high precision and resolution requirements and comprehensive information element requirements in the marine environment information detection field, and provides a high-resolution, high-precision and integrated multi-band marine environment aviation comprehensive detection system; the device has the capability of time sharing or simultaneous working of a plurality of frequency bands, and can be used for measuring basic parameters of sea environment such as sea water salinity, sea surface temperature, sea surface wind speed and the like with high precision; each frequency band is provided with three antennas and 6 paths of receivers, so that the dual-polarized microwave remote sensing detection of a large-range target area can be realized. The system has an internal calibration function, and can perform internal state self-checking, receiving calibration and compensation; the method is suitable for the application scene of the ocean environment microwave remote sensing.
An embodiment of the present application provides a multi-band marine environment aviation comprehensive detection system, fig. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of the multi-band marine environment aviation comprehensive detection system according to an embodiment of the present application, referring to fig. 1, the system includes:
the control computer 1, the comprehensive processor 2, the L-band microwave detection subsystem 3, the C/X-band microwave detection subsystem 4 and the power supply and distribution subsystem 5; the control computer 1 is used for man-machine interaction, generates an initial system control instruction and transmits the initial system control instruction to the comprehensive processor 2; the comprehensive processor 2 generates a secondary control instruction which is respectively transmitted to the L-band microwave detection subsystem 3 and the C/X-band microwave detection subsystem 4 for link control; the power supply and distribution subsystem 5 is used for supplying power to the L-band microwave detection subsystem 3 and the C/X-band microwave detection subsystem 4.
The comprehensive processor 2 is a control hub of the detection system, and mainly completes information exchange with the control computer 1, generation of a system working time sequence instruction and equipment temperature monitoring evaluation so as to ensure that the system can work normally. The control computer 1 is used for man-machine interaction, configuration of radar working parameters and functions and reporting of equipment state information. The power supply and distribution subsystem 5 is connected with an external 220V alternating current power supply, and converts the voltage required by each subsystem to provide electric energy for the subsystem. In the above embodiment, the L-band detection may be selected to have a frequency of 1.4GHz, the c-band detection may be selected to have a frequency of 6.9GHz, and the x-band detection may be selected to have a frequency of 10.7GHz, which correspond to sea surface salinity, temperature, and wind field detection, respectively.
In the above embodiment, three-frequency-band microwave detection can be realized through system configuration, and the L-frequency band, the C-frequency band and the X-frequency band can work independently or simultaneously, and corresponding radar parameters and the like can be configured independently. Each frequency band is provided with 3 paths of antennas and 6 paths of receivers; 3 paths of antennas point to different target areas, and large-range detection is realized; the 6 paths of receivers respectively process H and V polarized signals output by the 3 paths of antennas, thereby realizing dual-polarized microwave remote sensing detection.
In one embodiment, the multi-band marine environment aviation comprehensive detection system mainly comprises two working states of a receiving process and an internal calibration process.
In the receiving state, the control computer 1 configures relevant working parameters, and transmits the working parameters to the comprehensive processor 2, and a control signal with corresponding time sequence is generated by the comprehensive processor 2 and is transmitted to the L-band microwave detection subsystem 3 or the C/X-band microwave detection subsystem 4; the L-band microwave detection subsystem 3 or the C/X-band microwave detection subsystem 4 receives the ocean environment information, processes the ocean environment information and sends the ocean environment information to the comprehensive processor 2 for storage;
in the internal calibration state, the control computer 1 sends an internal calibration working instruction to the comprehensive processor 2, generates an internal calibration time sequence control signal through the comprehensive processor 2 and transmits the internal calibration time sequence control signal to the L-frequency band microwave detection subsystem 3 or the C/X-frequency band microwave detection subsystem 4; the L-band microwave detection subsystem 3 or the C/X-band microwave detection subsystem 4 generates and processes a calibration reference signal, and sends the processed calibration reference signal to the comprehensive processor 2; the integrated processor 2 calibrates and corrects the measurement result of the receiving process according to the processed calibration reference signal. Here, the measurement result can be calibrated and corrected in real time by periodically adopting a calibration reference signal in the flight stage; laboratory calibration is used on the ground to provide a reference for the internal calibration unit and to correct its deviations and long-term drift.
In one embodiment, the L-band microwave detection subsystem 3 includes an L-band antenna unit 6, an L-band receiver unit 8, an L-band information collector unit 7, and an L-band in-band scaling unit 9;
in the receiving state, the L-band antenna unit 6 is configured to receive three target area radiation signals and form three L-band signals that independently include H/V dual polarization; three L-band signals independently containing H/V dual polarization enter an L-band receiver unit 8, are amplified, filtered and subjected to down-conversion treatment, enter an L-band information collector unit 7 to complete signal sampling, obtain sampled signals, and input the sampled signals into a comprehensive processor 2 for storage;
in the internal calibration state, the L-band receiver unit 8 is switched to work in the internal calibration state, the L-band internal calibration unit 9 outputs calibration reference signals at high temperature and temperature respectively, the calibration reference signals are processed by the L-band receiver unit 8 and the L-band information collector unit 7 to obtain processed calibration reference signals, and the processed calibration reference signals are sent to the comprehensive processor 2. Here, the L-band internal scaling unit 9 is configured to implement a channel scaling function, and the output scaling reference signal thereof includes a normal temperature signal output by a normal temperature load and a high temperature signal output by a noise source, and its composition mainly includes: normal temperature load, noise source, power division network.
In the above embodiment, the internal calibration unit provides the calibration reference signal at a low temperature and a high temperature in the internal calibration process, and the influence of slow drift of the system gain can be eliminated by adopting a periodic calibration method, so that higher calibration precision is obtained. It is generally believed that the radio frequency channel variesIs linear and its output voltageAnd input bright temperature->The relation of (2) is:
according to the principle of determining a straight line at two points, the relation between the output voltage and the input bright temperature of the microwave radiometer can be determined according to the output of the microwave radiometer by only providing two inputs with known bright temperatures, namely, the constant of a linear equation is determinedaAndb. According to analysis of the calibration equation, the radiation brightness temperature of the radiation source for calibration is positioned at two ends of the temperature measurement dynamic range, and the brightness temperature difference of the radiation source and the temperature measurement dynamic range is increased as much as possible, which is beneficial to improving the calibration precision. Fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of an internal calibration technique.
In one embodiment, fig. 3 shows a schematic structural diagram of an L-band receiver unit 8 according to an embodiment of the present application, where, referring to fig. 3, the L-band receiver unit 8 includes three sets of receiving channels, each set of receiving channels includes an H-channel receiver, a V-channel receiver, a local oscillator module 89, and a power distribution network 810, the structures of the H-channel receiver and the V-channel receiver are the same, the input of the H-channel receiver is an H-polarized signal, and the input of the V-channel receiver is a V-polarized signal;
taking an H-path receiver as an example, the H-path receiver includes a coaxial isolator 81, a first low noise amplifier 82, a second low noise amplifier 83, an image rejection filter 84, a down-conversion mixer 85, an attenuator 86, a band-pass filter 87, and an intermediate frequency amplifier group 88;
the H polarized signal is amplified by a coaxial isolator 81, a first low noise amplifier 82 and a second low noise amplifier 83, filtered by an image rejection filter 84, down-converted into an intermediate frequency signal by a down-conversion mixer 85, and adjusted and amplified by an attenuator 86, a band-pass filter 87 and an intermediate frequency amplifier group 88 to output a processed signal; here, the low noise amplifier can be selected according to actual needs, and in the airborne application scene, the solid-state power amplifier can be selected, and the amplification gain is selected to be more than 30dB, so that a lower link cascade noise coefficient is realized.
The local oscillation module 89 generates a radio frequency signal, and the radio frequency signal is divided into two paths of signals through the power distribution network 810 and is respectively sent to a down-conversion mixer of an H path receiver and a down-conversion mixer of a V path receiver to provide the local oscillation signal.
In one embodiment, fig. 4 shows a schematic structural diagram of an L-band information collector unit 7 according to an embodiment of the present application, referring to fig. 4, the L-band information collector unit 7 includes a compensation circuit 71, an a/D analog-to-digital conversion unit 72, an FPGA unit 75, a DAC unit 76, a temperature processing circuit 73, a temperature sensor 74, a 485 interface circuit 77, and a data portal circuit 78;
the compensation circuit 71 carries out gain adjustment on each obtained signal, then sends the signal to the A/D conversion unit 72 for analog-to-digital conversion, and the corresponding information obtained after conversion is sent to the FPGA unit 75 for processing, and then sent to the comprehensive processor 2 for storage through the data network port circuit 78;
the temperature sensor 74 collects the temperatures of the L-band antenna unit 6 and the L-band receiver unit 8, the temperatures are processed by the temperature processing circuit 73 to form temperature reporting information, the temperature reporting information is sent to the A/D analog-to-digital conversion unit 72 to complete temperature collection, the temperature reporting information is processed by the FPGA unit 75, and the temperature reporting information is sent to the comprehensive processor 2 for temperature control judgment through the data network port circuit 78;
a 485 interface circuit 77 is adopted between the comprehensive processor 2 and the L frequency band information collector unit 7 to realize the transmission of a secondary control instruction, wherein the transmission of a data packet adopts an Ethernet port protocol; the FPGA unit 75 determines according to the requirement of the secondary control instruction sent by the integrated processor 2 or its internal self-running program, forms a link compensation control instruction, and controls the compensation circuit 71 after conversion by the DAC unit 76.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the L-band antenna unit 6 includes 3L-band horns 11 and an L-band feed network 12, after the 3L-band horns 11 receive three target area radiation signals according to beams, three independent electrical signals are formed, and 3 independent signals including H/V dual polarization are formed through the L-band feed network 12, and enter the L-band receiver unit 8.
In the above embodiment, the 3L-band horns 11 are respectively pointed in different directions, and are used for receiving sea surface radiation signals, so as to improve the observation breadth; the L-band feed network 12 includes three input interfaces corresponding to the 3L-band horns 11, separates the received signals according to different polarization modes, forms 6 paths of output, and sends the output signals to the L-band receiver unit 8.
In one embodiment, the L-band microwave detection subsystem 3 further includes an L-band control distributor unit, where the L-band control distributor unit includes a voltage conversion module and a heater, and is configured to convert an input voltage to generate a secondary power supply required for a stand-alone operation, and control the heater to perform stand-alone heating on the L-band microwave detection subsystem 3 according to a thermal control signal of the integrated processor.
In one embodiment, referring to fig. 1, the C/X-band microwave detection subsystem 4 includes a C/X-band common antenna unit 13, a C/X-band receiver unit 14, a C/X-band information collector unit 15, and a C/X-band in-band scaling unit 16;
the C/X band receiver unit 14 includes an X band receiver 21 and a C band receiver 19, and the C/X band information collector unit 15 includes an X band information collector 23 and a C band information collector 22;
in the receiving state, the C/X band antenna unit 13 is configured to receive three target area radiation signals and form three X band signals independently including H/V dual polarization and three C band signals independently including H/V dual polarization; three X frequency band signals independently containing H/V dual polarization enter an X frequency band receiver 21, and after being amplified, filtered and down-converted, enter an X frequency band information collector 23 to complete signal sampling, so as to obtain sampled signals; three C frequency band signals independently containing H/V dual polarization enter a C frequency band receiver 19, and after being amplified, filtered and down-converted, enter a C frequency band information collector 22 to complete signal sampling, so as to obtain sampled signals; the sampled signals are input into the comprehensive processor 2 for storage;
in the internal calibration state, the C/X band receiver unit 14 is switched to operate in the internal calibration state, the C/X band internal calibration unit 16 outputs calibration reference signals at a low temperature and a high temperature respectively, the calibration reference signals are processed by the C/X band receiver unit 14 and the C/X band information collector unit 15 to obtain processed calibration reference signals, and the processed calibration reference signals are sent to the comprehensive processor 2.
In the above-described embodiment, the X-band receiver 21 and the C-band receiver 19 are identical in structure to the L-band receiver unit 8, and the X-band information collector 23 and the C-band information collector 22 are identical in structure to the L-band information collector unit 7.
In one embodiment, the C/X frequency band common antenna unit 13 includes 3 dual-frequency common horns 17 and a dual-frequency common feed network 18, when the antenna unit works in a receiving process, the 3 dual-frequency common horns 17 receive three target area radiation signals according to beams to form three independent electric signals, and three independent X frequency band signals including H/V dual polarization and three independent C frequency band signals including H/V dual polarization are formed through the dual-frequency common feed network 18.
In one embodiment, the C/X-band microwave detection subsystem 4 further includes a C/X-band control distributor unit, where the C/X-band control distributor unit includes a voltage conversion module and a heater, and is configured to convert an input voltage to generate a secondary power supply required by a stand-alone operation, and control the heater to perform stand-alone heating on the C/X-band microwave detection subsystem 4 according to a thermal control signal of the integrated processor.
In one embodiment, the system may implement a S, ku band or even millimeter wave band sounding combination by exchanging antennas and receivers.
An embodiment of the present application further provides an aerial platform system, fig. 5 shows a schematic structural diagram of the aerial platform system according to an embodiment of the present application, and referring to fig. 5, the aerial platform system includes a nacelle 10, in which the multi-band marine environment comprehensive detection system of the above embodiment is installed.
Specifically, two holes are formed in the abdomen of the nacelle 10, forming 2 observation windows 20; the 3L-band horns 11 in the L-band microwave detection subsystem 3 and the 3 double-frequency shared horns 17 in the C/X-band microwave detection subsystem are respectively arranged in 2 observation windows 20, the horns are sequentially arranged along the flight direction, and the beam angles are kept parallel, so that the field of view range is improved; the L-band antenna unit 6 and the C/X-band shared antenna unit 13 are arranged on the belly of the engine room 10, the horn opening faces the sea surface, the beam can be ensured to point to the sea surface, and the sea surface target area is detected through angle setting.
According to the multi-band marine environment aviation comprehensive detection system, when the main beam of the antenna points to the ocean surface, the antenna receives microwave radiation energy of the ocean surface, so that the apparent temperature of the antenna is changed; the signals received by the antenna are amplified, filtered, detected and re-amplified and then output in the form of voltage. After the output voltage of the marine environment comprehensive detection system is calibrated, the relation between the output voltage and the apparent temperature of the antenna is established, and the brightness temperature of an observed target, namely the brightness temperature of the marine surface, can be determined. The radiant brightness temperature obtained by measuring different observation frequency bands can reflect different characteristics of the sea surface and the air above the sea surface; by selecting L, C and X frequency band combined observation, the high-precision measurement of ocean basic parameters such as sea water salinity, sea surface temperature, sea surface wind speed and the like can be realized.
In conclusion, the multi-band marine environment aviation comprehensive detection system has high integration level, is suitable for application scenes of high-precision, high-resolution and multi-mode microwave remote sensing on marine environment information such as salinity, temperature and wind speed, is particularly suitable for quick response detection in offshore areas, and related technologies can be popularized to be applied to microminiature aircrafts such as unmanned planes.
The foregoing is merely various embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think about changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present application, and the changes and substitutions are intended to be covered in the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (12)
1. A multi-band marine environment aviation comprehensive detection system, comprising: the system comprises a control computer, a comprehensive processor, a first frequency band microwave detection subsystem, a second/third frequency band microwave detection subsystem and a power supply and distribution subsystem; the control computer is used for man-machine interaction, generating an initial system control instruction and transmitting the initial system control instruction to the comprehensive processor; the comprehensive processor generates a second-level control instruction which is respectively transmitted to the first frequency band microwave detection subsystem and the second/third frequency band microwave detection subsystem for link control; the power supply and distribution subsystem is used for supplying power to the first frequency band microwave detection subsystem and the second/third frequency band microwave detection subsystem;
the first frequency band microwave detection subsystem comprises a first frequency band antenna unit, a first frequency band receiver unit, a first frequency band information acquisition unit and a first frequency band in-band calibration unit;
in a receiving state, the first frequency band antenna unit is used for receiving three target area radiation signals and forming three first frequency band signals which independently comprise H/V dual polarization; the three first frequency band signals independently containing H/V dual polarization enter the first frequency band receiver unit, and after being amplified, filtered and subjected to down-conversion treatment, enter the first frequency band information collector unit to complete signal sampling, so as to obtain sampled signals, and the sampled signals are input into the comprehensive processor for storage;
and in an internal calibration state, the first frequency band receiver unit is switched to work in the internal calibration state, the first frequency band internal calibration unit outputs calibration reference signals at a low temperature and a high temperature respectively, the calibration reference signals are processed by the first frequency band receiver unit and the first frequency band information collector unit to obtain processed calibration reference signals, and the processed calibration reference signals are sent to the comprehensive processor.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein in a receiving state, the control computer configures relevant working parameters, and issues the working parameters to the integrated processor, and a control signal with corresponding time sequence generated by the integrated processor is transmitted to the first frequency band microwave detection subsystem or the second/third frequency band microwave detection subsystem; the first frequency band microwave detection subsystem or the second/third frequency band microwave detection subsystem receives ocean environment information, processes the ocean environment information and sends the ocean environment information to the comprehensive processor to finish storage;
in an internal calibration state, the control computer sends an internal calibration working instruction to the comprehensive processor, generates an internal calibration time sequence control signal through the comprehensive processor and transmits the internal calibration time sequence control signal to the first frequency band microwave detection subsystem or the second/third frequency band microwave detection subsystem; the first frequency band microwave detection subsystem or the second/third frequency band microwave detection subsystem generates and processes a calibration reference signal, and sends the processed calibration reference signal to the comprehensive processor; and the comprehensive processor calibrates and corrects the measurement result of the receiving process according to the processed calibration reference signal.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein the first band receiver unit comprises three sets of receive channels, each set of receive channels comprising an H-channel receiver, a V-channel receiver, a local oscillator module, and a power distribution network, the H-channel receiver and the V-channel receiver being identical in structure, an input of the H-channel receiver being an H-polarized signal, an input of the V-channel receiver being a V-polarized signal;
the H-path receiver comprises a coaxial isolator, a first low-noise amplifier, a second low-noise amplifier, an image rejection filter, a down-conversion mixer, an attenuator, a band-pass filter and an intermediate frequency amplifier group;
the H polarization signal is amplified through the coaxial isolator, the first low-noise amplifier and the second low-noise amplifier, filtered through the image rejection filter, subjected to down-conversion by the down-conversion mixer to be converted into an intermediate frequency signal, and then subjected to adjustment amplification through the attenuator, the band-pass filter and the intermediate frequency amplifier group to output a processed signal;
the local oscillation module generates a radio frequency signal, and the radio frequency signal is divided into two paths of signals through the power distribution network and is respectively sent to a down-conversion mixer of the H path receiver and a down-conversion mixer of the V path receiver.
4. The system of claim 1, wherein the first frequency band information collector unit comprises a compensation circuit, an a/D analog-to-digital conversion unit, an FPGA unit, a DAC unit, a temperature processing circuit, a temperature sensor, a 485 interface circuit, and a data portal circuit;
the compensation circuit carries out gain adjustment on each channel of signals obtained, then sends the signals to the A/D analog-to-digital conversion unit for analog-to-digital conversion, and sends corresponding information obtained after conversion to the FPGA unit for processing, and sends the corresponding information to the comprehensive processor for storage through the data network port circuit;
the temperature sensor acquires the temperatures of a first frequency band antenna unit and a first frequency band receiver unit, the temperatures are processed by the temperature processing circuit to form temperature report information, the temperature report information is sent to the A/D analog-to-digital conversion unit to complete temperature acquisition, the temperature report information is processed by the FPGA unit, and the temperature report information is sent to the comprehensive processor to carry out temperature control judgment by the data network port circuit;
a 485 interface circuit is adopted between the comprehensive processor and the first frequency band information collector unit to realize secondary control instruction transmission; and the FPGA unit is used for judging according to the requirement of the secondary control instruction sent by the comprehensive processor or an internal self-running program thereof to form a link compensation control instruction, and the link compensation control instruction is converted by the DAC unit and then controls the compensation circuit.
5. The system of claim 1 wherein said first band antenna element comprises 3 first band horns and a first band feed network, said 3 first band horns receiving three target area radiation signals according to beams to form three independent electrical signals, said three independent signals including H/V dual polarization are formed through said first band feed network, respectively, entering said first band receiver element.
6. The system of claim 1, wherein the first frequency band microwave detection subsystem further comprises a first frequency band control distributor unit, the first frequency band control distributor unit comprising a voltage conversion module and a heater for converting an input voltage to generate a secondary power supply required for a single machine operation, and controlling the heater to heat the first frequency band microwave detection subsystem single machine according to a thermal control signal of the integrated processor.
7. The system of claim 1, wherein the second/third frequency band microwave detection subsystem comprises a second/third frequency band common antenna unit, a second/third frequency band receiver unit, a second/third frequency band information collector unit, and a second/third frequency band in-band scaling unit;
the second/third frequency band receiver unit comprises an X frequency band receiver and a C frequency band receiver, and the second/third frequency band information collector unit comprises an X frequency band information collector and a C frequency band information collector;
in the receiving state, the second/third frequency band antenna unit is used for receiving three target area radiation signals and forming three X frequency band signals independently containing H/V dual polarization and three C frequency band signals independently containing H/V dual polarization; the three X frequency band signals independently containing H/V dual polarization enter the X frequency band receiver, and after being amplified, filtered and subjected to down-conversion treatment, enter the X frequency band information collector to complete signal sampling, so as to obtain sampled signals; the three C frequency band signals independently containing H/V dual polarization enter the C frequency band receiver, and after being amplified, filtered and subjected to down-conversion treatment, enter the C frequency band information collector to complete signal sampling, so as to obtain sampled signals; the sampled signals are input into the comprehensive processor for storage;
and in the internal calibration state, the second/third frequency band receiver unit is switched to work in the internal calibration state, the second/third frequency band internal calibration unit outputs calibration reference signals at high temperature and low temperature respectively, the second/third frequency band receiver unit and the second/third frequency band information acquisition unit process the calibration reference signals to obtain processed calibration reference signals, and the processed calibration reference signals are sent to the comprehensive processor.
8. The system of claim 7, wherein the second/third frequency band common antenna unit comprises 3 dual-frequency common horns and a dual-frequency common feed network, and when the receiving process is operated, the 3 dual-frequency common horns receive three target area radiation signals according to beams to form three independent electric signals, and three independent X-frequency band signals containing H/V dual polarization and three independent C-frequency band signals containing H/V dual polarization are formed through the dual-frequency common feed network.
9. The system of claim 7, wherein the second/third frequency band microwave detection subsystem further comprises a second/third frequency band control distributor unit, the second/third frequency band control distributor unit comprises a voltage conversion module and a heater for converting an input voltage to generate a secondary power supply required by a single machine to work, and the heater is controlled to heat the single machine of the second/third frequency band microwave detection subsystem according to a thermal control signal of the integrated processor.
10. The system of claim 1, wherein the first frequency band is an L frequency band and the second/third frequency band is a C/X frequency band.
11. An aircraft platform system comprising a nacelle within which is mounted a multi-band marine environment aircraft integrated detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 10.
12. The system of claim 11, wherein the abdomen of the nacelle is provided with two holes forming 2 observation windows; and 3 first frequency band horns in the first frequency band microwave detection subsystem and 3 double-frequency shared horns in the second/third frequency band microwave detection subsystem are respectively arranged in the 2 observation windows.
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| CN114779175A (en) * | 2022-03-24 | 2022-07-22 | 西安空间无线电技术研究所 | Dual-band full-polarization integrated microwave radar system |
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| CN105372610A (en) * | 2015-10-27 | 2016-03-02 | 中国科学院国家空间科学中心 | Four-point scaling device and method for microwave radiometer |
| WO2022171202A1 (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2022-08-18 | 青岛海洋科学与技术国家实验室发展中心 | Ocean observation method and system based on accompanying flight of two satellites respectively carrying interference imaging altimeter and laser radar |
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