CN116162662A - Hydrogen production method by using photo-assisted single-chamber microbial electrolytic cell - Google Patents
Hydrogen production method by using photo-assisted single-chamber microbial electrolytic cell Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/005—Combined electrochemical biological processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/36—Adaptation or attenuation of cells
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- C12N13/00—Treatment of microorganisms or enzymes with electrical or wave energy, e.g. magnetism, sonic waves
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P3/00—Preparation of elements or inorganic compounds except carbon dioxide
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/16—Biochemical fuel cells, i.e. cells in which microorganisms function as catalysts
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2203/00—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage
- C02F2203/006—Apparatus and plants for the biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage details of construction, e.g. specially adapted seals, modules, connections
Abstract
The invention discloses a hydrogen production method by a photo-assisted single-chamber microbial electrolytic cell, which relates to the technical field of microbial electrochemistry and photocatalysis, and comprises the following steps: s1: mixing the anode liquid and the nutrient solution of the microbial fuel cell which are stably operated, and adding the mixture into a reactor to periodically replace the solution until the anode potential is stable; s2: the two ends of the electrode are acclimated by using a direct current power supply externally applied voltage until the cathode potential is reduced and the anode acclimation is completed; s3: the photocathode adopts a photocatalytic material, and hydrogen is produced under the condition of externally applied voltage. The invention discloses a photo-assisted single-chamber microbial electrolytic cell hydrogen production, electrolysis and water hydrogen production by collecting electricity, and the photo-catalytic hydrogen production and the length of the microbial electrolytic cell hydrogen production, overcomes the defect of unstable photo-catalytic hydrogen production photo-catalyst, reduces the energy consumption required by the microbial electrolytic cell hydrogen production, and is a novel clean, efficient and low-consumption hydrogen production mode.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical fields of microbial electrochemistry and photocatalysis, in particular to a hydrogen production method by a photo-assisted single-chamber microbial electrolytic cell.
Background
The hydrogen production of the microbial electrolytic cell is to oxidize organic matters in the wastewater into carbon dioxide and protons by utilizing electroactive bacteria growing on an anode under the condition of externally applied small voltage, and then transfer electrons to a cathode through an external circuit to combine with the protons so as to generate clean energy-hydrogen. Therefore, the microbial electrolytic cell has broad prospect in the field of wastewater treatment and synchronous production of clean energy (such as hydrogen) by chemical energy and valuable products in the recycled wastewater.
The main factors limiting the hydrogen production rate of the microbial electrolytic cell are electrode materials, reactor configuration, physical and chemical properties of electrolyte and the like. The electrode material influences the internal resistance of the system, the overpotential of hydrogen evolution reaction and the reaction rate. Platinum has high-efficiency catalytic activity on hydrogen evolution reaction, and can reduce hydrogen production overpotential of a cathode. Platinum, however, is a precious metal with low yield and is expensive, and is easily reacted with it in the presence of sulfide, resulting in a decrease in catalytic activity.
In recent years, microbial cells have made important progress in electrode materials, transition metal catalysts, solution chemistry (pH, conductivity, etc.), and the like. The configuration is divided into a single chamber and a double chamber according to whether the microbial electrolytic cell reactor is divided into the single chamber and the double chamber. Compared with a double-chamber reactor, the internal resistance of the single-chamber reactor is smaller, the energy recovery rate is higher, and the system construction and installation cost is greatly reduced. Therefore, the single-chamber microbial electrolytic cell has wider application prospect in the aspect of practical application. With the deep research work, the performance of the microbial electrolytic cell, particularly the cathode performance, is further improved and expanded, and the bottleneck problem facing the field is still solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a hydrogen production method by a photo-assisted single-chamber microbial electrolytic cell, which solves the problems in the background technology. The invention discloses a photo-assisted single-chamber microbial electrolytic cell hydrogen production, electrolysis and water hydrogen production by collecting electricity, and the photo-catalytic hydrogen production and the length of the microbial electrolytic cell hydrogen production, overcomes the defect of unstable photo-catalytic hydrogen production photo-catalyst, reduces the energy consumption required by the microbial electrolytic cell hydrogen production, and is a novel clean, efficient and low-consumption hydrogen production mode.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a method for preparing hydrogen by a photo-assisted single-chamber microbial electrolytic cell comprises the following steps:
s1: mixing the anode liquid and the nutrient solution of the microbial fuel cell which are stably operated, and adding the mixture into a reactor to periodically replace the solution until the anode potential is stable;
s2: the two ends of the electrode are acclimated by using a direct current power supply externally applied voltage until the cathode potential is reduced and the anode acclimation is completed;
s3: the photocathode adopts a photocatalytic material, and hydrogen is produced under the condition of externally applied voltage.
In the method for preparing hydrogen by the photo-assisted single-chamber microbial electrolytic cell, the step S1 is that a microbial fuel cell anode liquid and a nutrient solution which are stably operated for more than 1 year are used for 0.8-1.2:0.8-1.2 is mixed and added into the reactor, and the solution is replaced with a period of 1-3 days until the anode potential is stabilized between-0.22V and-0.26V.
In the method for preparing hydrogen by the photo-assisted single-chamber microbial electrolytic cell, the anode liquid and the nutrient solution 1 of the microbial fuel cell are used for stably running for 1 year: 1 are mixed and added into the reactor, and the solution is replaced with a period of 2 days until the anode potential is stabilized at-0.24V.
In the method for preparing hydrogen by the photo-assisted single-chamber microbial electrolytic cell, the S2 is implemented by externally adding 0.28-0.32 and V voltage to two ends of an electrode by using a direct current power supply until the cathode potential is reduced to 0.45-0.55V, and the anode domestication is completed.
In the method for preparing hydrogen by the photo-assisted single-chamber microbial electrolytic cell, the voltage of 0.3V is externally applied to two ends of the electrode by using a direct current power supply, and the hydrogen is domesticated until the cathode potential is reduced to 0.5V, and the hydrogen is domesticated at the anode.
In the aforementioned method for producing hydrogen by using a photo-assisted single-chamber microbial electrolytic cell, in the step S3, the photocathode is made of a photocatalytic material having a conduction band energy lower than the standard oxidation-reduction potential of hydrogen evolution.
In the method for preparing hydrogen by the photo-assisted single-chamber microbial electrolytic cell, in the step S3, the external voltage is 0.4-0.8V.
In the method for preparing hydrogen by using the photo-assisted single-chamber microbial electrolytic cell, the externally applied voltage is 0.6V.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention discloses a photo-assisted single-chamber microbial electrolytic cell hydrogen production, electrolysis and water hydrogen production by collecting electricity, and the photo-catalytic hydrogen production and the length of the microbial electrolytic cell hydrogen production, overcomes the defect of unstable photo-catalytic hydrogen production photo-catalyst, reduces the energy consumption required by the microbial electrolytic cell hydrogen production, and is a novel clean, efficient and low-consumption hydrogen production mode.
2. Under the optimal voltage condition of 0.6V with the maximized solar energy utilization, the system loop current is 11.6+/-0.5A/m 2 The hydrogen production rate reaches 1.70+/-0.03/m 3 D, 1.3 and 1.5 times the matt control conditions, respectively; the recovery rate of energy based on electric energy input reaches 233+/-5%, and the conversion efficiency of sunlight into hydrogen reaches 4.01+/-0.01%.
3. The step S1 of the invention is to use the anode liquid and the nutrient solution 1 of the microbial fuel cell which stably runs for 1 year: 1 mixing and adding the mixed solution into a reactor for 2 days as a period until the anode potential is stabilized at-0.24V, mixing the anode liquid of the microbial fuel cell which runs stably with the nutrient solution and adding the mixed solution into the reactor, and periodically replacing the solution to provide nutrition for the electrogenerated microorganisms so that extracellular polymers are secreted by the microorganisms to form uniform and stable biological films on the electrodes; wherein, the anode liquid of the microbial fuel cell which is at least stably operated for 1 year is selected to contain high-activity electrochemical microorganisms, which is beneficial to the later domestication in a microbial electrolytic cell; selection 1:1 mixing into nutrient solution to ensure that microorganisms grow and have enough nutrition and are not dormant or dead due to excessive environmental changes; since the organic physical voltage of the electrochemically active bacteria oxidation culture solution is about-0.3V, the anode potential is considered to be the completion of the domestication at-0.24V.
4. The strain comes from a microbial fuel cell without an applied voltage, and the microbial electrolytic cell is equipment requiring the applied voltage, wherein the voltage is an external environment pressure for the original flora, and the applied voltage is required to be applied step by step to screen out electrogenic microbial flora which can survive in the presence of the voltage. The enriched flora capable of generating electricity under the voltage condition can increase the potential difference between the cathode and the anode, which is beneficial to hydrogen generation. Therefore, according to the research, in the step S2 of the invention, the voltage of 0.3V is externally added to the two ends of the electrode by using a direct current power supply until the cathode potential is reduced to 0.5V, and the anode domestication is completed; the cathode voltage was reduced to 0.5V, the dc power supply was applied with 0.3V, and the anode voltage was 0.2V, which was close to the theoretical 0.3V, and therefore, it was considered that the domestication was completed.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive faculty for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a photo-assisted single-chamber microbial cell of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph comparing hydrogen production rate and solar light conversion efficiency of the photo-assisted single-chamber microbial electrolytic cell of the invention under different voltage conditions;
FIG. 3 is a graph comparing energy efficiency of a light assisted single chamber microbial cell of the present invention based on electrical energy input or based on total input of electrical energy and substrate under different voltage conditions;
FIG. 4 is a graph comparing hydrogen recovery rates of the light assisted single chamber microbial cells of the present invention under different voltage conditions;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing a comparison of loop currents of a photo-assisted single-chamber microbial cell of the present invention under different voltage conditions.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1. The method for preparing hydrogen by using the photo-assisted single-chamber microbial electrolytic cell comprises the following steps with reference to fig. 1:
s1: the microbial fuel cell anolyte and nutrient solution 1 which are stably operated for 1 year are used: 1 mixing and adding the mixture into a reactor, and replacing the solution with a period of 2 days until the anode potential is stabilized at-0.24V;
s2: adding 0.3V voltage to the two ends of the electrode by using a direct current power supply for domestication until the cathode potential is reduced to 0.5V, and finishing the anode domestication;
s3: the photocathode adopts a photocatalytic material with conduction band energy lower than the oxidation-reduction potential of hydrogen evolution standard, and hydrogen is produced under the condition of 0.6V of external voltage; the photo-generated electrons can directly reduce electrons to generate hydrogen, and electrons generated by oxidizing organic matters by anode electrochemical active bacteria are combined with photo-generated holes to enhance the separation efficiency of carriers, so that the hydrogen generation is further promoted.
In the step S1, the stably operating microbial fuel cell anolyte refers to a mixed solution of nutrient solution and domesticated electrochemical active bacteria in an anode chamber of the double-chamber microbial fuel cell; theoretically, all kinds of anode liquid of the microbial fuel cell meet the requirements; the nutrient solution is adjusted according to the basic formula of the microorganism culture medium, and comprises the following specific components: (NH) 4 ) 2 SO 4 (2.94mM),K 2 SO 4 (0.84mM),
NaH 2 PO 4 ∙2H 2 O(46mM),Na 2 HPO 4 ∙12H 2 O (4.2 mM), compound vitamin 12.5mL/L, mineral 12.5mL/L, sodium acetate (12.0 mM); the reactor, i.e. the container in which the hydrogen production reaction occurs, is divided into a double-chamber reactor and a single-chamber reactor according to whether a diaphragm exists in the container, the diaphragm exists in the double-chamber reactor, the diaphragm exists in the single-chamber reactor, compared with the double-chamber reactor, the single-chamber reactor has a simple structure, and the cost of the proton exchange membrane does not greatly decrease. As shown in FIG. 1, the anode consisted of a carbon felt (size: 2 cm. Times.2 cm. Times.0.25 cm) pre-inoculated with electroactive bacteria, and the cathode consisted of a photocatalyst-supporting carbon felt (size: 2 cm. Times.2 cm. Times.0.25)cm), the cathode and the anode are respectively connected with the cathode and the anode of the direct current power supply, the external circuit is connected with a 10 omega resistor in series, and the loop current is calculated according to the voltage drop at the two ends of the resistor. A saturated calomel electrode (0.24vvs. She) was inserted into the reactor and a gas collection tube was inserted on the side near the cathode to collect gas. The cathode can be made of iodine tungsten lamp with power of 100W and light intensity of 23.3mW/cm 2 . The nitrogen is aerated for 15min before the nutrient solution is transferred to the reactor, so that dissolved oxygen is removed, and anaerobic environment in the system is ensured;
in the S3 step, the photocatalytic material with conduction band energy lower than the standard oxidation-reduction potential for hydrogen evolution has a catalytic effect on hydrogen production due to the use of the photocatalytic material at the cathode, such as (TiO 2 、Cu 2 O、g-C 3 N 4 ) While in the hydrogen production of the photo-assisted microbial cell of this embodiment, a photocatalytic material (CuFe 2 O 4 、NiFe 2 O 4 ) Meanwhile, the biocompatibility needs to be satisfied, and elements such as (ZnFe 2O4 and carbon dots) which are toxic to organisms cannot exist.
Example 2. The method for preparing hydrogen by using the photo-assisted single-chamber microbial electrolytic cell comprises the following steps with reference to fig. 1:
s1: anode liquid and nutrient liquid of microbial fuel cell which is stable for 1.2 years are used for 0.8:1.2 adding the mixture into a reactor, and replacing the solution with a period of 1 day until the anode potential is stabilized at-0.26V;
s2: externally adding 0.28V voltage to acclimate the two ends of the electrode by using a direct current power supply until the cathode potential is reduced to 0.55V, and finishing the anode acclimation;
s3: the photocathode adopts a photocatalysis material with conduction band energy lower than the oxidation-reduction potential of hydrogen evolution standard, and hydrogen is produced under the condition of 0.4V of external voltage.
Example 3. The method for preparing hydrogen by using the photo-assisted single-chamber microbial electrolytic cell comprises the following steps with reference to fig. 1:
s1: 1.2 with microbial fuel cell anolyte and nutrient solution which are stably operated for 1.1 years: 0.8 mixing and adding the mixture into a reactor, and replacing the solution with a period of 3 days until the anode potential is stabilized at-0.22V;
s2: adding 0.32V voltage to the two ends of the electrode by using a direct current power supply for domestication until the cathode potential is reduced to 0.45V, and finishing the anode domestication;
s3: the photocathode adopts a photocatalysis material with conduction band energy lower than the oxidation-reduction potential of hydrogen evolution standard, and hydrogen is produced under the condition of 0.8V of external voltage.
Experimental example.
To verify the effectiveness of the process at different voltages, a catalyst loading ratio of 15% and a loading of 5mg/cm was used 2 The performance of hydrogen production at each voltage was investigated by changing the applied voltages (0.4V, 0.6V and 0.8V).
(1) Fig. 2 shows the hydrogen production rate and the conversion efficiency of sunlight into hydrogen under different voltage conditions, and it can be seen from the graph:
the hydrogen generation rate is accelerated along with the rising of the applied voltage, and the light irradiation is faster than the no-light hydrogen generation rate under the same applied voltage;
the fastest hydrogen production rate (light: 2.11.+ -. 0.06 m) is obtained by light irradiation with 0.8V voltage 3 /m 3 /d; and (3) no light: 1.62+ -0.09 m 3 /d)；
The voltage significantly affects the solar light conversion hydrogen efficiency (0.4 v:3.19±0.01%;0.6v:4.01±0.01%;0.8v:3.76±0.07%; p=0.001); wherein, the highest efficiency (4.01+/-0.01%) of converting light into hydrogen under the condition of 0.6V is improved by 56% compared with the non-light control condition.
(2) Fig. 3 shows the energy efficiency under different voltage conditions, as can be seen from the graph:
η w as the applied voltage increases, eta decreases s As the applied voltage increases, η increases because the applied voltage increases the hydrogen in the microbial cell more from electrical energy than from oxidation of organic matter w Decline, eta s Increasing;
η w the light intensity is obviously improved at 0.4V (light intensity: 313+ -4%, no light: 286+ -13%, p=0.008) and 0.6V (light intensity: 234+ -7%, no light: 208+ -3%, p=0.008);
because the light conversion efficiency increases and decreases with the increase of the voltage, the hydrogen ratio generated by the photo-generated current at 0.4V and 0.6V is larger, and the lightThe irradiation η w The contribution of (2) is greater than 0.8V.
(3) Fig. 4 shows the effect of voltage on hydrogen recovery and coulombic efficiency, from which:
under illumination conditions, coulomb efficiencies of different voltages have no significant difference (0.4 v:81.4±2.5%,0.6v:85.5±1.5%,0.8v:85.8±0.8%, p=0.148);
there was also no significant difference in cathode coulombic efficiency at different voltages under no light control conditions (0.4 v:84.1±0.5%,0.6v:85.6±2.0%,0.8v:84.1±2.3%, p=0.677);
the above results indicate that the change in voltage does not change the coulomb efficiency of the cathode, whether it is illuminated or not; while the results of differential analysis of the coulombic efficiencies of bright and dark at the same voltage (0.4 v: p=0.042; 0.6v: p=0.035; 0.8v: p=0.047) indicate that unlike the voltage, the light illumination has no significant effect on the coulombic efficiency of the cathode, which is significantly affected by the light illumination.
(4) Fig. 5 shows the loop current under different voltage conditions, as can be seen from the graph:
the current density increases with increasing voltage and the current density under light conditions is greater than under no light control conditions, indicating that both light and higher voltages can increase the system current. However, the electrical energy under higher voltage is underutilized, manifesting as lower η w And the efficiency of converting light into hydrogen, the system makes full use of light energy and electric energy under the condition of externally applied 0.6V voltage from the energy consumption perspective.
The above experimental record, which illustrates the effect of light on the system according to the hydrogen production rate, loop current and system energy efficiency of the light and no light control group. The formula mainly involved is as follows:
coulombic efficiency (coulomb efficiency,CE) Is the ratio of the electricity generated by the biological oxidation of the organic matters to the current electricity. The ability of EAB to convert chemical energy to electrical energy in single-compartment MECs was characterized.
Wherein:t-run time(s);
I-loop current (a);
2-amount of electron-consuming material (mol) to produce 1 mol of hydrogen;
f-faraday constant: 96485 C/mol e - ；
82-molar mass of the matrix (g/mol);
4-1 mol of substance (mol) of hydrogen which can be produced by electrons stored in the matrix;
V-reactor working solution volume (mL);
ΔCODthe concentration of COD consumed (g/mL).
Cathode hydrogen recovery (cathodic hydrogen recovery,r cat ) And the overall hydrogen recovery rate (overall hydrogen recovery,r H2 ) The ratio of the electric quantity for generating hydrogen to the electric quantity generated by oxidation of the substrate to the electric quantity of the current is shown.
Wherein:n H2 amount of Hydrogen species (mol)
Energy recovery based on input electric energyη w ) To generate a ratio of combustion heat of hydrogen to input electrical energy; matrix-based energy recoveryη s ) A ratio of heat of combustion for generating hydrogen to heat of combustion for consuming the substrate; total energy recovery rate [ (]η w+s ) The ratio of the heat of combustion for the hydrogen generation is the value of the electrical energy and the heat of combustion of the substrate. The conversion of light to hydrogen (solar to hydrogen efficiency, STH) is the heat of combustion of hydrogen minus the ratio of electrical energy input to light energy input.
Wherein: 285830-heat of Hydrogen combustion (J/mol);
U-applying a voltage (V);
R-an external resistance value of 10 (Ω);
870280-heat of combustion of acetic acid (J/mol);
Pintensity of illumination (W/cm) 2 );
AElectrode area (cm) 2 );
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Claims (8)
1. A method for preparing hydrogen by a photo-assisted single-chamber microbial electrolytic cell is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: mixing the anode liquid and the nutrient solution of the microbial fuel cell which are stably operated, and adding the mixture into a reactor to periodically replace the solution until the anode potential is stable;
s2: the two ends of the electrode are acclimated by using a direct current power supply externally applied voltage until the cathode potential is reduced and the anode acclimation is completed;
s3: the photocathode adopts a photocatalytic material, and hydrogen is produced under the condition of externally applied voltage.
2. The method for producing hydrogen by using the photo-assisted single-chamber microbial electrolytic cell as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the S1 is prepared by using a microbial fuel cell anode solution and a nutrient solution which are stably operated for more than 1 year, wherein the anode solution and the nutrient solution are 0.8-1.2:0.8-1.2 is mixed and added into the reactor, and the solution is replaced with a period of 1-3 days until the anode potential is stabilized between-0.22V and-0.26V.
3. The method for producing hydrogen by using the photo-assisted single-chamber microbial electrolytic cell according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the microbial fuel cell anolyte and nutrient solution 1 which are stably operated for 1 year are used: 1 are mixed and added into the reactor, and the solution is replaced with a period of 2 days until the anode potential is stabilized at-0.24V.
4. The method for producing hydrogen by using the photo-assisted single-chamber microbial electrolytic cell as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and S2, externally adding 0.28-0.32 and V voltage to the two ends of the electrode by using a direct current power supply for domestication until the cathode potential is reduced to 0.45-0.55V, and finishing anode domestication.
5. The method for producing hydrogen by using the photo-assisted single-chamber microbial electrolytic cell as claimed in claim 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and (4) externally adding 0.3-V voltage to the two ends of the electrode by using a direct current power supply for domestication until the cathode potential is reduced to 0.5V, and finishing the anode domestication.
6. The method for producing hydrogen by using the photo-assisted single-chamber microbial electrolytic cell as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step S3, the photocathode is made of a photocatalytic material with conduction band energy lower than the oxidation-reduction potential of hydrogen evolution standard.
7. The method for producing hydrogen by using the photo-assisted single-chamber microbial electrolytic cell as claimed in claim 6, wherein the method comprises the following steps: in the step S3, the applied voltage is 0.4-0.8V.
8. The method for producing hydrogen by using the photo-assisted single-chamber microbial electrolytic cell according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the applied voltage was 0.6V.
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