CN116162287A - Regeneration and purification process for fuel tank by using waste plastics - Google Patents
Regeneration and purification process for fuel tank by using waste plastics Download PDFInfo
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- CN116162287A CN116162287A CN202310415035.0A CN202310415035A CN116162287A CN 116162287 A CN116162287 A CN 116162287A CN 202310415035 A CN202310415035 A CN 202310415035A CN 116162287 A CN116162287 A CN 116162287A
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- fuel tank
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- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 119
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 119
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 239000002828 fuel tank Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- IYDGMDWEHDFVQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphoric acid;trioxotungsten Chemical compound O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.O=[W](=O)=O.OP(O)(O)=O IYDGMDWEHDFVQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium sulfate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OTYBMLCTZGSZBG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052939 potassium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 235000011151 potassium sulphates Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000001509 sodium citrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K sodium citrate Chemical compound O.O.[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O NLJMYIDDQXHKNR-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000007781 pre-processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007605 air drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical group O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 16
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
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- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000071 blow moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
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- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001027 hydrothermal synthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009965 odorless effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010816 packaging waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013502 plastic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J11/00—Recovery or working-up of waste materials
- C08J11/04—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers
- C08J11/06—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers without chemical reactions
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J27/00—Catalysts comprising the elements or compounds of halogens, sulfur, selenium, tellurium, phosphorus or nitrogen; Catalysts comprising carbon compounds
- B01J27/14—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
- B01J27/186—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J27/188—Phosphorus; Compounds thereof with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium with chromium, molybdenum, tungsten or polonium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J31/00—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds
- B01J31/26—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing in addition, inorganic metal compounds not provided for in groups B01J31/02 - B01J31/24
- B01J31/34—Catalysts comprising hydrides, coordination complexes or organic compounds containing in addition, inorganic metal compounds not provided for in groups B01J31/02 - B01J31/24 of chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/04—Disintegrating plastics, e.g. by milling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B2017/001—Pretreating the materials before recovery
- B29B2017/0015—Washing, rinsing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
- B29B17/02—Separating plastics from other materials
- B29B2017/0213—Specific separating techniques
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2323/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2323/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after treatment
- C08J2323/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08J2323/06—Polyethene
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel tank materials, in particular to a regeneration and purification process for a fuel tank by using waste plastics; the method comprises the following steps: firstly, taking waste plastics, and preprocessing the waste plastics to obtain plastic fragments; II. Placing the plastic fragments in a solvent containing a catalyst, distilling again, and drying to obtain a product, namely polyethylene, wherein the catalyst is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of phosphotungstic acid, 5-7 parts of sodium citrate, 2-4 parts of potassium sulfate, 6-10 parts of dilute hydrochloric acid and 30-40 parts of deionized water; the regeneration and purification process for the fuel tank by using the waste plastic provided by the invention can not only effectively recover polyethylene from the waste plastic, but also has higher recovery rate of polyethylene; in addition, the obtained polyethylene can be applied to the preparation of the fuel tank, and can improve the mechanical property of the fuel tank; the regeneration and purification process of the waste plastic for the fuel tank has wider market prospect and is more suitable for popularization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel tank materials, in particular to a regeneration and purification process for a fuel tank by using waste plastics.
Background
The fuel tank, i.e. the fuel reservoir, has high corrosion resistance requirements. Besides oil storage, the fuel tank also plays roles of heat dissipation, bubble separation, impurity precipitation and the like in oil liquid in a hydraulic system, and the fuel tank comprises an open type oil tank and a closed type oil tank. The open oil tank has simple structure and convenient installation and maintenance, and the hydraulic system generally adopts the form; closed tanks are commonly used for pressurized tanks.
Early automotive fuel tanks were mostly metal fuel tanks. However, since the metal fuel tank has many defects in terms of environmental protection, safety performance and the like, the plastic fuel tank is produced, and has the advantages of light weight and easy processing. Polyethylene is a thermoplastic resin produced by polymerizing ethylene. Polyethylene is odorless, nontoxic, wax-like in hand feeling, excellent in low-temperature resistance, good in chemical stability, resistant to most of acid and alkali corrosion, small in water absorption and excellent in electrical insulation, and therefore polyethylene is widely used in preparation of fuel tanks.
Plastic waste mainly includes scrap in factories and post-consumer plastic in garbage. Wherein, the leftover materials in the factory are easy to recycle and regenerate due to clear components and high cleanliness. Whereas post-consumer plastics are typically blends of plastics, the majority of which are a wide variety of plastics represented by polyethylene, polypropylene, and the like.
In recent years, with the continuous high-speed development of the plastic industry, plastic packaging has been widely used. Since polyethylene plastic raw materials belong to chemical synthesis raw materials, cannot be naturally decomposed, especially, visual pollution caused by disposable plastic packaging waste and plastic mulching films being discarded by people at will, white pollution is caused, and potential harm caused by waste plastics to the environment has caused general attention of related departments and society, how to extract polyethylene from waste plastics for manufacturing fuel tanks has become an important problem to be solved urgently.
Accordingly, the present invention provides a recycling and purifying process for a fuel tank using waste plastics, which is used for solving the above-mentioned related technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a regeneration and purification process for a fuel tank by using waste plastics, which is characterized in that waste plastics are taken, the waste plastics are pretreated to obtain plastic fragments, then the plastic fragments are placed in a solvent containing a catalyst, and then distilled and dried to obtain a product, thus obtaining polyethylene; in addition, the obtained polyethylene can be applied to the preparation of fuel tanks, and can improve the mechanical properties of the fuel tanks.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
a regeneration and purification process for a fuel tank by using waste plastics comprises the following steps:
firstly, taking waste plastics, and preprocessing the waste plastics to obtain plastic fragments;
II. Placing the plastic fragments in a solvent containing a catalyst, distilling again, and drying to obtain a product, namely the polyethylene;
the catalyst is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of phosphotungstic acid, 5-7 parts of sodium citrate, 2-4 parts of potassium sulfate, 6-10 parts of dilute hydrochloric acid and 30-40 parts of deionized water;
the preparation method of the catalyst comprises the following steps:
a. respectively weighing phosphotungstic acid, sodium citrate, potassium sulfate, dilute hydrochloric acid and deionized water for later use;
b. placing phosphotungstic acid into deionized water, stirring and mixing, slowly adding dilute hydrochloric acid, and slowly stirring until no precipitate is generated;
c. then adding sodium citrate and potassium sulfate, and continuously stirring for 50-60 min to obtain a mixed solution;
d. placing the mixed solution in a sealed reaction kettle, reacting for 24 hours at 160 ℃, cooling to room temperature, centrifugally separating the reaction solution, washing the separated product with distilled water for 5-6 times, washing with absolute ethyl alcohol for 4-5 times, and finally drying in a drying box to obtain a first solid product;
e. and (3) putting the first solid product into a pulverizer to pulverize to 100-120 meshes, and then putting the pulverized product into a radiation lamp to treat for 20-30 min to obtain a second solid product, thus obtaining the catalyst.
The invention is further provided with: in the step I, the pretreatment of the waste plastic comprises the following steps:
placing the waste plastic in a water tank, and soaking the waste plastic in water for 1-2 h at 60-65 ℃;
ii, cooling to normal temperature, adding alkali liquor to soak for 20-30 min, and then flushing with water for 7-8 times;
and iii, naturally air-drying the waste plastic treated in the step ii), and cutting into 1-2 cm fragments.
The invention is further provided with: in the step d, the rotation speed of centrifugal separation is 5000-5500 r/min, and the centrifugal time is 20-30 min.
The invention is further provided with: in the step d, the temperature of the drying box is 70-72 ℃, and the drying time is 25-30 min.
The invention is further provided with: in the step d, the wavelength of the irradiation lamp is 360nm.
The invention is further provided with: the step II specifically comprises the following steps:
A. placing the plastic fragments into a solvent containing a catalyst according to the solid-to-liquid ratio of 0.1-0.2 g/mL;
B. adding the mixed solution of the plastic fragments and the solvent in the step A into a distillation flask, adding crushed stone, putting the distillation flask into a water bath kettle, slowly heating to 85 ℃, and stopping heating to obtain distillate;
C. the distillate was freeze-dried to give the desired product.
The invention is further provided with: the solvent is 85% phosphoric acid, and the addition amount of the catalyst in the solvent is 5-6%.
The invention is further provided with: the broken stone is zeolite, and the granularity is 80-100 mm.
The invention is further provided with: the slow temperature rise means that the temperature is raised to 85 ℃ at a rate of 2 ℃/min.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention takes waste plastics, carries out pretreatment on the waste plastics to obtain plastic fragments, then places the plastic fragments in a solvent containing a catalyst, distills the plastic fragments again, and dries the plastic fragments to obtain a product, namely the polyethylene.
The catalyst is synthesized by a hydrothermal method by taking phosphotungstic acid, sodium citrate, potassium sulfate, dilute hydrochloric acid and deionized water as raw materials, the length and specific surface area of the synthesized catalyst are increased, the catalytic activity of the catalyst is improved, and the catalytic activity is further improved after illumination treatment.
According to the invention, the obtained catalyst is placed in a phosphoric acid solvent, then the waste plastic is placed in the catalyst, and polyethylene is extracted from the waste plastic in a distillation mode, so that the recovery rate of the obtained polyethylene is high, and meanwhile, the obtained polyethylene can be applied to the preparation of a fuel tank, so that the mechanical property of the fuel tank can be improved; the regeneration and purification process of the waste plastic for the fuel tank has wider market prospect and is more suitable for popularization.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a process for recycling and purifying waste plastics for a fuel tank according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a statistical plot of polyethylene recovery of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a statistical plot of tensile strength of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a statistical plot of flexural strength of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a statistical plot of impact strength of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clear and complete, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Embodiment one: the regeneration and purification process for the fuel tank by using the waste plastic provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:
and I, taking waste plastics, and preprocessing the waste plastics to obtain plastic fragments.
Wherein, the pretreatment of the waste plastics comprises the following steps:
placing the waste plastic in a water tank, and soaking the waste plastic in water at 60 ℃ for 1h;
ii, cooling to normal temperature, adding alkali liquor to soak for 20min, and washing with water for 7 times;
and iii, naturally air-drying the waste plastic treated in the step ii), and cutting into 1cm fragments.
The invention is further provided with: in the step d, the rotation speed of centrifugal separation is 5000r/min, and the centrifugal time is 20min.
II. Placing the plastic fragments in a solvent containing a catalyst, distilling again, and drying to obtain the product, namely the polyethylene.
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
A. placing the plastic fragments in a solvent containing a catalyst according to a solid-to-liquid ratio of 0.1 g/mL;
B. adding the mixed solution of the plastic fragments and the solvent in the step A into a distillation flask, adding crushed stone, putting the distillation flask into a water bath kettle, slowly heating to 85 ℃, and stopping heating to obtain distillate;
C. the distillate was freeze-dried to give the desired product.
Wherein the solvent is 85% phosphoric acid, and the addition amount of the catalyst in the solvent is 5%.
The crushed stone is zeolite, and the granularity is 80mm.
Slow temperature rise means that the temperature is raised to 85 ℃ at a rate of 2 ℃/min.
Further, the catalyst is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of phosphotungstic acid, 5 parts of sodium citrate, 2 parts of potassium sulfate, 6 parts of dilute hydrochloric acid and 30 parts of deionized water;
the preparation method of the catalyst comprises the following steps:
a. respectively weighing phosphotungstic acid, sodium citrate, potassium sulfate, dilute hydrochloric acid and deionized water for later use;
b. placing phosphotungstic acid into deionized water, stirring and mixing, slowly adding dilute hydrochloric acid, and slowly stirring until no precipitate is generated;
c. then adding sodium citrate and potassium sulfate, and continuously stirring for 50min to obtain a mixed solution;
d. placing the mixed solution in a sealed reaction kettle, reacting for 24 hours at 160 ℃, cooling to room temperature, centrifugally separating the reaction solution, washing the separated product with distilled water for 5 times, washing with absolute ethyl alcohol for 4 times, and finally drying in a drying box to obtain a first solid product;
e. and (3) putting the first solid product into a pulverizer to pulverize to 100 meshes, and then putting the pulverized product into a radiation lamp to treat for 20min to obtain a second solid product, thus obtaining the catalyst.
Wherein the temperature of the drying box is 70 ℃, and the drying time is 25min.
The wavelength of the irradiation lamp was 360nm.
Embodiment two: the regeneration and purification process for the fuel tank by using the waste plastic provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:
and I, taking waste plastics, and preprocessing the waste plastics to obtain plastic fragments.
Wherein, the pretreatment of the waste plastics comprises the following steps:
placing the waste plastic in a water tank, and soaking the waste plastic in water at 62 ℃ for 2 hours;
ii, cooling to normal temperature, adding alkali liquor to soak for 25min, and washing with water for 8 times;
and iii, naturally air-drying the waste plastic treated in the step ii), and cutting into 2cm fragments.
The invention is further provided with: in the step d, the rotation speed of centrifugal separation is 5250r/min, and the centrifugal time is 25min.
II. The plastic fragments are placed in a solvent containing a catalyst, distilled again and dried to obtain the product.
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
A. placing the plastic fragments in a solvent containing a catalyst according to a solid-to-liquid ratio of 0.2 g/mL;
B. adding the mixed solution of the plastic fragments and the solvent in the step A into a distillation flask, adding crushed stone, putting the distillation flask into a water bath kettle, slowly heating to 85 ℃, and stopping heating to obtain distillate;
C. and freeze-drying the distillate to obtain the required product, namely the polyethylene.
Wherein the solvent is 85% phosphoric acid, and the addition amount of the catalyst in the solvent is 6%.
The crushed stone is zeolite, and the granularity is 90mm.
Slow temperature rise means that the temperature is raised to 85 ℃ at a rate of 2 ℃/min.
Further, the catalyst is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 15 parts of phosphotungstic acid, 6 parts of sodium citrate, 3 parts of potassium sulfate, 8 parts of dilute hydrochloric acid and 35 parts of deionized water;
the preparation method of the catalyst comprises the following steps:
a. respectively weighing phosphotungstic acid, sodium citrate, potassium sulfate, dilute hydrochloric acid and deionized water for later use;
b. placing phosphotungstic acid into deionized water, stirring and mixing, slowly adding dilute hydrochloric acid, and slowly stirring until no precipitate is generated;
c. then adding sodium citrate and potassium sulfate, and continuously stirring for 55min to obtain a mixed solution;
d. placing the mixed solution in a sealed reaction kettle, reacting for 24 hours at 160 ℃, cooling to room temperature, centrifugally separating the reaction solution, flushing the separated product with distilled water for 6 times, washing with absolute ethyl alcohol for 5 times, and finally drying in a drying box to obtain a first solid product;
e. and (3) putting the first solid product into a pulverizer to be pulverized to 110 meshes, and then putting the pulverized product into a radiation lamp to be treated for 25min to obtain a second solid product, thus obtaining the catalyst.
Wherein the temperature of the drying box is 71 ℃ and the drying time is 27min.
The wavelength of the irradiation lamp was 360nm.
Embodiment III: the regeneration and purification process for the fuel tank by using the waste plastic provided by the embodiment comprises the following steps:
and I, taking waste plastics, and preprocessing the waste plastics to obtain plastic fragments.
Wherein, the pretreatment of the waste plastics comprises the following steps:
placing the waste plastic in a water tank, and soaking the waste plastic in water for 2 hours at 65 ℃;
ii, cooling to normal temperature, adding alkali liquor to soak for 30min, and washing with water for 8 times;
and iii, naturally air-drying the waste plastic treated in the step ii), and cutting into 2cm fragments.
The invention is further provided with: in the step d, the rotating speed of centrifugal separation is 5500r/min, and the centrifugal time is 30min.
II. The plastic fragments are placed in a solvent containing a catalyst, distilled again and dried to obtain the product.
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
A. placing the plastic fragments in a solvent containing a catalyst according to a solid-to-liquid ratio of 0.2 g/mL;
B. adding the mixed solution of the plastic fragments and the solvent in the step A into a distillation flask, adding crushed stone, putting the distillation flask into a water bath kettle, slowly heating to 85 ℃, and stopping heating to obtain distillate;
C. and freeze-drying the distillate to obtain the required product, namely the polyethylene.
Wherein the solvent is 85% phosphoric acid, and the addition amount of the catalyst in the solvent is 6%.
The crushed stone is zeolite, and the granularity is 100mm.
Slow temperature rise means that the temperature is raised to 85 ℃ at a rate of 2 ℃/min.
Further, the catalyst is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20 parts of phosphotungstic acid, 7 parts of sodium citrate, 4 parts of potassium sulfate, 10 parts of dilute hydrochloric acid and 40 parts of deionized water;
the preparation method of the catalyst comprises the following steps:
a. respectively weighing phosphotungstic acid, sodium citrate, potassium sulfate, dilute hydrochloric acid and deionized water for later use;
b. placing phosphotungstic acid into deionized water, stirring and mixing, slowly adding dilute hydrochloric acid, and slowly stirring until no precipitate is generated;
c. then adding sodium citrate and potassium sulfate, and continuously stirring for 60min to obtain a mixed solution;
d. placing the mixed solution in a sealed reaction kettle, reacting for 24 hours at 160 ℃, cooling to room temperature, centrifugally separating the reaction solution, flushing the separated product with distilled water for 6 times, washing with absolute ethyl alcohol for 5 times, and finally drying in a drying box to obtain a first solid product;
e. and (3) putting the first solid product into a pulverizer to pulverize to 120 meshes, and then putting the pulverized product into a radiation lamp to treat for 30min to obtain a second solid product, thus obtaining the catalyst.
Wherein the temperature of the drying box is 72 ℃, and the drying time is 30min.
The wavelength of the irradiation lamp was 360nm.
Comparative example one: the regeneration and purification process of the waste plastic provided by the embodiment is approximately the same as that of the first embodiment, and the main difference is that: the catalyst is absent in this example.
Comparative example two: the regeneration and purification process of the waste plastic provided by the embodiment is approximately the same as that of the first embodiment, and the main difference is that: in this example the temperature was directly raised to 85 ℃.
Comparative example three: the regeneration and purification process of the waste plastic provided by the embodiment is approximately the same as that of the first embodiment, and the main difference is that: in this example, the treatment was not performed under the irradiation lamp.
The method of the first to third embodiments of the invention is used for regenerating and purifying the fuel tank by using waste plastics, and is recorded as the first to third embodiments of the invention; waste plastics are used for regenerating and purifying the fuel tank by the method of the comparative examples one to three.
Polyethylene plastics of known content were selected, and polyethylene was obtained by the processes of examples one to three and comparative examples one to three, respectively, and the recovery rates of the polyethylenes of each group were counted and recorded in table 1.
To verify the effect of the conditions set in this example, tests of comparative examples one to three were set up.
The main difference between comparative example one and example one is the absence of catalyst. The recovery of polyethylene from the example group was found to be 55% higher than that from the control group. The results indicate that the catalyst plays an important role in improving the recovery rate of polyethylene.
Comparative example two differs from example one in that the temperature is raised directly to 85 ℃. The test results found that the recovery of polyethylene from example one group was improved by 3% compared to the two groups. This result directly raised the temperature to 85 ℃ has little effect on the extraction of polyethylene from waste plastics.
Comparative example three differs from example one in that it was not treated under an irradiation lamp. The test results found that the recovery of polyethylene from one of the examples was improved by 32% compared to the three groups. The results indicate that the catalyst plays a role in improving the recovery rate of polyethylene.
The polyethylene obtained in test 1 was used as a raw material of a fuel tank to prepare a fuel tank (polyethylene and polyamide were melted at high temperature, and zinc oxide was added thereto for mixing, and the fuel tank was obtained by blow molding with a blow molding machine and cooling, and tensile strength and flexural strength were measured according to the test standard GB/T1041-2008, impact strength was measured according to the test standard GB/T1043.2-2018, and mechanical properties of each group of polyethylene were measured.
The main difference between comparative example one and example one is the absence of catalyst. It was found that the tensile strength was reduced by 1MPa, the flexural strength was reduced by 3MPa, and the impact strength was unchanged in the comparative group compared to the example group. The results show that the catalyst has no obvious influence on the mechanical properties of polyethylene for manufacturing fuel tanks.
Comparative example two differs from example one in that the temperature is raised directly to 85 ℃. As a result of the test, it was found that the tensile strength of the comparative group was reduced by 17MPa, the flexural strength was reduced by 26MPa, and the impact strength was reduced by 6J/m, as compared with the comparative group and the example group. The results indicate that the temperature increase plays a role in the mechanical properties of the polyethylene for making the fuel tank.
Comparative example three differs from example one in that it was not treated under an irradiation lamp. The test results found that the tensile strength of the comparative three groups was reduced by 1MPa, the flexural strength was reduced by 3MPa, and the impact strength was reduced by 1J/m as compared with the example one group. The results show that the under-lamp treatment has no obvious effect on the mechanical properties of the polyethylene for manufacturing the fuel tank.
From the above, the invention can be seen that firstly, the waste plastic is taken and pretreated, the waste plastic is placed in a water tank, soaked in water for 2 hours at 65 ℃, cooled to normal temperature, added with alkali liquor and soaked for 30 minutes, washed with water for 8 times, then the treated waste plastic is naturally air-dried, cut into 2cm fragments to obtain plastic fragments, then the plastic fragments are placed in a solvent containing a catalyst, distilled and dried to obtain a product, namely the polyethylene; the regeneration and purification process for the fuel tank by using the waste plastic provided by the invention can not only effectively recover polyethylene from the waste plastic, but also has higher recovery rate of polyethylene; in addition, the obtained polyethylene can be applied to the preparation of fuel tanks, and can improve the mechanical properties of the fuel tanks. Therefore, the regeneration and purification process of the waste plastic for the fuel tank has wider market prospect and is more suitable for popularization.
In the description of the present specification, the descriptions of the terms "one embodiment," "example," "specific example," and the like, mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The preferred embodiments of the invention disclosed above are intended only to assist in the explanation of the invention. The preferred embodiments are not exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise form disclosed. Obviously, many modifications and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The embodiments were chosen and described in order to best explain the principles of the invention and the practical application, to thereby enable others skilled in the art to best understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and the full scope and equivalents thereof.
Claims (9)
1. The regeneration and purification process for the fuel tank by using the waste plastics is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
firstly, taking waste plastics, and preprocessing the waste plastics to obtain plastic fragments;
II. Placing the plastic fragments in a solvent containing a catalyst, distilling again, and drying to obtain a product, namely the polyethylene;
the catalyst is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-20 parts of phosphotungstic acid, 5-7 parts of sodium citrate, 2-4 parts of potassium sulfate, 6-10 parts of dilute hydrochloric acid and 30-40 parts of deionized water;
the preparation method of the catalyst comprises the following steps:
a. respectively weighing phosphotungstic acid, sodium citrate, potassium sulfate, dilute hydrochloric acid and deionized water for later use;
b. placing phosphotungstic acid into deionized water, stirring and mixing, slowly adding dilute hydrochloric acid, and slowly stirring until no precipitate is generated;
c. then adding sodium citrate and potassium sulfate, and continuously stirring for 50-60 min to obtain a mixed solution;
d. placing the mixed solution in a sealed reaction kettle, reacting for 24 hours at 160 ℃, cooling to room temperature, centrifugally separating the reaction solution, washing the separated product with distilled water for 5-6 times, washing with absolute ethyl alcohol for 4-5 times, and finally drying in a drying box to obtain a first solid product;
e. and (3) putting the first solid product into a pulverizer to pulverize to 100-120 meshes, and then putting the pulverized product into a radiation lamp to treat for 20-30 min to obtain a second solid product, thus obtaining the catalyst.
2. A process for recycling and purifying waste plastics for fuel tanks according to claim 1, wherein, in the step i, the pretreatment of the waste plastics comprises the steps of:
placing the waste plastic in a water tank, and soaking the waste plastic in water for 1-2 h at 60-65 ℃;
ii, cooling to normal temperature, adding alkali liquor to soak for 20-30 min, and then flushing with water for 7-8 times;
and iii, naturally air-drying the waste plastic treated in the step ii), and cutting into 1-2 cm fragments.
3. A process for the recycling and purifying of waste plastics for fuel tanks according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step d, the rotation speed of centrifugal separation is 5000-5500 r/min, and the centrifugal time is 20-30 min.
4. A process for the recycling and purifying of waste plastics for fuel tanks according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step d, the temperature of the drying box is 70-72 ℃, and the drying time is 25-30 min.
5. A process for the recycling and purifying of waste plastics for fuel tanks according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step d, the wavelength of the irradiation lamp is 360nm.
6. A process for the recycling and purifying of waste plastics for fuel tanks according to claim 1, characterized in that: the step II specifically comprises the following steps:
A. placing the plastic fragments into a solvent containing a catalyst according to the solid-to-liquid ratio of 0.1-0.2 g/mL;
B. adding the mixed solution of the plastic fragments and the solvent in the step A into a distillation flask, adding crushed stone, putting the distillation flask into a water bath kettle, slowly heating to 85 ℃, and stopping heating to obtain distillate;
C. the distillate was freeze-dried to give the desired product.
7. The process for recycling and purifying waste plastics in fuel tanks according to claim 6, wherein the solvent is 85% phosphoric acid, and the catalyst is added in an amount of 5-6%.
8. A process for recycling and purifying waste plastics for fuel tanks according to claim 6, characterized in that: the broken stone is zeolite, and the granularity is 80-100 mm.
9. A process for recycling and purifying waste plastics for fuel tanks according to claim 6, characterized in that: the slow temperature rise means that the temperature is raised to 85 ℃ at a rate of 2 ℃/min.
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