CN116159231A - Lower respiratory tract spray control processing system and method - Google Patents
Lower respiratory tract spray control processing system and method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 210000002345 respiratory system Anatomy 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 126
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 115
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 claims description 27
- 206010024971 Lower respiratory tract infections Diseases 0.000 claims description 9
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- 230000000877 morphologic effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000004072 lung Anatomy 0.000 description 2
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- 238000002663 nebulization Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000000241 respiratory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000018569 Respiratory Tract disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 206010057190 Respiratory tract infections Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000012790 confirmation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
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- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M31/00—Devices for introducing or retaining media, e.g. remedies, in cavities of the body
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M11/00—Sprayers or atomisers specially adapted for therapeutic purposes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
- A61M25/0067—Catheters; Hollow probes characterised by the distal end, e.g. tips
- A61M25/0082—Catheter tip comprising a tool
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
- A61M25/01—Introducing, guiding, advancing, emplacing or holding catheters
- A61M25/0105—Steering means as part of the catheter or advancing means; Markers for positioning
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- A61M25/00—Catheters; Hollow probes
- A61M25/01—Introducing, guiding, advancing, emplacing or holding catheters
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- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
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Abstract
The invention discloses a lower respiratory tract spray control processing system and a method, wherein during specific operation, a medical staff control controller sends an extension control command to enable a rubber tube to extend below a throat, and then a scanning image is acquired through an image acquisition device; transmitting the scanned images to an image processing module of a controller for processing, and acquiring the infection area of each scanning area and the surface state coefficient of the scanning area; then, calculating and obtaining the target atomization demand of the current scanning area by using a calculation processing module; calculating and obtaining the times of pressing the pressurizing device according to the target atomization demand; the atomization control module controls the controller to send an opening and closing instruction, controls the opening and closing device to be opened, and presses the pressurizing device to spray the medicine with corresponding concentration for a certain number of times; and finally, after the actual atomization amount is calculated to meet the target atomization demand amount, the controller sends a shutdown control instruction to control the opening and closing device to close and stop spraying the medicine, so that the effect of quantitatively spraying the medicine at the infection position is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of medical treatment, in particular to a lower respiratory tract spray control treatment system and method.
Background
The respiratory tract is a passage through which air flows when the lung breathes, some liquid medicines can be absorbed through the respiratory tract, especially respiratory tract infection, and the medicines can be directly and locally administered to reach the infection part to play a role, while the medical atomization device is common respiratory tract disease treatment equipment, and the medical atomizer atomizes the liquid medicine and enters the respiratory tract or lung to deposit in a respiratory inhalation mode, so that painless, rapid and effective treatment is achieved.
At present, in the treatment of respiratory department, a small-capacity atomizer is often used, when in use, firstly, medicine is poured into a medicine cup, a cup cover is screwed down, after the atomizer is atomized, a patient opens the mouth to perform deep breathing, and then the medicine is sprayed into the respiratory tract of the patient, but because the lower respiratory tract of the patient is deeper, the staff can not accurately judge the position of the lower respiratory tract of the patient, so that the medicine is not sprayed accurately enough, the treatment effect of the medicine is reduced, the staff can shake in the process of spraying the medicine, the medicine can not be stably applied to the patient, and meanwhile, the discomfort of the patient can be caused;
then, the researchers on the side design a lower respiratory tract spraying device (see Chinese patent application 202211735979.8 for details), by rotating the hollow rotating shaft and guiding one end of the rubber tube into the throat of a patient, the length of the rubber tube placed in the throat of the patient can be judged according to the rotating number of the hollow rotating shaft, so that the unreeled length of the rubber tube can be judged more accurately, and the hard tube can be placed at the position of the patient at the lower respiratory tract of the patient more accurately;
However, when the lower respiratory tract spraying device is used for atomization treatment, the medicine with quantitative concentration is always sprayed, the atomization demand of the medicine cannot be determined according to the actual conditions (such as the infection area and the infection condition coefficient) of a patient, and the infection position of the patient cannot be directly found out, so that the medicine is wasted or the expected treatment effect cannot be achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a lower respiratory tract spray control processing system and method, which solve the technical problems pointed out in the prior art.
The invention provides a lower respiratory tract spray control processing system, which comprises a shell, a hollow cylinder, a hollow rotating shaft, a rubber tube, a hard tube, a sliding tube, an atomizing tube, a pressurizing device, an opening and closing device and an image collector arranged on the hard tube, wherein the opening and closing device is arranged on the shell; the image collector is used for collecting images of throat parts and acquiring scanned images;
the shell is provided with a plurality of holes, the hollow cylinder body is hinged on the shell, and the hollow cylinder body is provided with an inlet pipe orifice and an outlet pipe orifice; the hollow rotating shaft is rotatably connected to one side of the hollow cylinder body, and the hollow rotating shaft is horizontally arranged;
the rubber tube is sleeved on the hollow rotating shaft, the lower end of the rubber tube penetrates through the tube inlet, the upper end of the rubber tube penetrates through the tube outlet, and the lower part of the rubber tube is positioned in the shell;
The hard tube is connected to the upper end of the rubber tube and is communicated with the rubber tube, and the sliding tube is placed on the inner side of the hard tube; the atomizing pipe is clamped on the sliding pipe and communicated with the sliding pipe, and the atomizing pipe is used for atomizing medicines; the atomizing pipe is positioned in the hard pipe and is in contact with the hard pipe, a plurality of atomizing holes are formed in the atomizing pipe, the pressurizing device is arranged on the shell and is used for spraying out medicines, the opening and closing device is arranged on the sliding pipe and is used for adjusting the spraying out of the medicines;
the remote computing center, the controller and the communication repeater are arranged on the shell; the remote computing center is in communication connection with the controller through the communication repeater;
a controller is also arranged on the shell; the controller is used for calculating and implementing to obtain the concentration of the medicine;
the controller specifically comprises an image processing module, a calculation processing module, an atomization control module and a stop control module;
the image processing module acquires the infection area of each scanning area and the surface state coefficient of the scanning area according to the scanning image; wherein the surface state coefficient refers to whether the surface state of the scanning area is subjected to infection identification processing by using an image processing technology;
The calculation processing module is used for calculating and obtaining a target atomization demand R of the current scanning area according to the infection area S of the scanning area and the surface state coefficient P of the scanning area; calculating and acquiring the times T for pressing the pressurizing device according to the target atomization demand R;
the atomization control module is used for controlling the controller to send an opening and closing instruction and controlling the opening and closing device to open; atomizing the medicine with preset concentration in the current scanning area according to the target atomization demand and starting to press the pressurizing device until the pressurizing device is pressed for T times;
and the stopping control module is used for calculating the actual atomization amount, judging whether the actual atomization amount of the current scanning area meets the target atomization demand amount for implementing lower respiratory tract infection of the current area, and if so, sending a stopping control instruction through the controller to control the opening and closing device to be closed.
Preferably, the image processing module is specifically configured to perform graying processing on the scanned image to obtain a grayed image;
dividing the graying image by using a maximum inter-class variance method (Otsu method) to obtain a divided image; the segmented image is a white area and a black area; simultaneously, carrying out edge detection on the gray-scale image to obtain an edge image;
Performing linear processing on the segmented image to obtain an image to be calculated; simultaneously carrying out enhancement processing (namely morphological processing) on the edge image to obtain an enhanced image;
presetting an infection image type and a corresponding coefficient; determining a white area in the image to be calculated as an infection area, and acquiring the number of pixels of the infection area; determining a black region in the image to be calculated as a non-infected region, and acquiring the number of pixels of the non-infected region; meanwhile, comparing the enhanced image with a preset infection state image, identifying the type of the infection image of the current enhanced image, and acquiring the type coefficient of the infection image;
calculating an infection area based on the number of pixels of the infection area and the number of pixels of the non-infection area; the infection area is calculated by the following steps:
S=（n1×n2）/2；
wherein S is the infection area;
n1 is the number of pixels in the affected area; n2 is the number of pixels in the non-infected area;
preferably, the above-mentioned calculation processing module is specifically configured to confirm the concentration coefficient; confirming atomization efficiency; calculating and obtaining a target atomization demand;
the calculation mode of the target atomization demand is as follows: r= (a×s×p)/f;
Wherein R is a target atomization demand;
a is a concentration coefficient;
s is the infection area;
p is a surface state coefficient;
f is atomization efficiency;
obtaining a single-pressing medicine quantity D; calculating the number of times of pressing the pressurizing device based on the target atomization demand and the single-press medicine amount;
the number of times of pressing the pressurizing device is calculated in the following way:
the method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein T is the number of times of pressing the pressurizing device;
ceil () is rounded up (with decimal plus 1);
r is a target atomization demand;
d is the amount of drug pressed a single time.
Preferably, the image processing module is further configured to acquire an HSV image based on the scanned image; acquiring a brightness value V (x, y), a tone value H (x, y) and a saturation value S (x, y) of each pixel point in the HSV image;
convolving the brightness value V (x, y) of each pixel point through a multi-scale Gaussian function to obtain an illumination component K (x, y) of each pixel point; obtaining an illumination component mean value m; wherein K (x, y) is the illumination component of the pixel point located at (x, y);
the illumination component mean value m is calculated in the following way
The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Wherein m is the average value of illumination components;
i is the total number of HSV image pixel points;
The illumination component K is corrected and calculated through a two-dimensional gamma function to obtain a corrected brightness value V' (x, y) of the pixel point;
the corrected brightness value V' (x, y) is calculated by:
；
wherein V' (x, y) is the brightness value of the corrected pixel point;
v (x, y) is the brightness value of the pixel point;
r is a brightness enhancement index value;
m is the illumination component mean value;
fusing the corrected brightness value V' of the pixel point with the tone value H of the corresponding pixel point and the saturation value S of the corresponding pixel point respectively to obtain a corrected HSV image;
acquiring a new RGB image based on the corrected HSV image; and carrying out graying treatment on the new RGB image to obtain a graying image.
Correspondingly, the invention also provides a lower respiratory tract spray control treatment method, which comprises the following operation steps:
the controller drives the lower respiratory tract spray control processing system to acquire images of throat parts and obtain scanning images;
acquiring an infection area of each scanning area and a surface state coefficient of the scanning area according to the scanning image; calculating and obtaining a target atomization demand R of the current scanning area according to an infection area S of the scanning area and a surface state coefficient P of the scanning area; calculating and acquiring the times T for pressing the pressurizing device according to the target atomization demand R;
The controller sends an opening and closing instruction to control the opening and closing device to be opened; atomizing the medicine with preset concentration in the current scanning area according to the target atomization demand and starting to press the pressurizing device until the pressurizing device is pressed for T times;
calculating the actual atomization amount, judging whether the actual atomization amount of the current scanning area meets the target atomization demand amount for implementing lower respiratory tract infection of the current area, and if so, sending a shutdown control instruction through a controller to control the opening and closing device to be closed;
the actual atomization amount is calculated by the following steps:
R'=K×T；
wherein R' is the actual atomization amount;
k is the drug concentration;
t is the number of times the pressurizing means is pressed.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the invention has at least the following technical advantages:
analyzing the lower respiratory tract spray control processing system and the method provided by the invention, the medical staff control controller sends an extension control command when the system is specifically applied, so that the rubber tube can extend to the lower part of the throat, and then an image acquisition device arranged on a hard tube connected with the upper end of the rubber tube acquires images of the throat part of a patient to acquire scanning images; the scanning image is acquired through the image acquisition device, so that the infection condition of the lower respiratory tract of a patient can be visually checked; the medicine is directly sprayed on the affected part, so that the utilization efficiency of the medicine can be further improved, and the treatment effect is further enhanced;
Transmitting the scanned images to an image processing module of a controller for processing, and acquiring the infection area of each scanning area and the surface state coefficient of the scanning area; then, calculating and obtaining a target atomization demand R of the current scanning area by using a calculation processing module according to an infection area S of the scanning area and a surface state coefficient P of the scanning area; calculating and acquiring the times T for pressing the pressurizing device according to the target atomization demand R; the target atomization demand is calculated, and the lower respiratory tract spray control treatment system can be controlled to spray quantitative medicines according to the specific illness condition of a patient, so that the treatment effect is further improved;
the atomization control module controls the controller to send an opening and closing instruction to control the opening and closing device to be opened; atomizing the medicine with preset concentration in the current scanning area according to the target atomization demand and starting to press the pressurizing device until the pressurizing device is pressed for T times; and after the actual atomization amount is calculated to meet the target atomization demand amount for implementing lower respiratory tract infection in the current area, the stopping control module sends a stopping control instruction through the controller to control the opening and closing device to close and stop spraying.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a lower respiratory tract spray control processing system according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a lower respiratory tract spray control processing system according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a system architecture diagram of a lower respiratory tract spray control treatment system according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic operation flow chart of a lower respiratory tract spraying control treatment method according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of an operation flow for obtaining an infection area and a surface state coefficient in a lower respiratory tract spray control treatment method according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an operation flow of calculating and obtaining a target atomization demand and the number of times of pressing the pressurizing device in a lower respiratory tract spray control processing method according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of an operation flow for obtaining a grayscale image in a lower respiratory tract spray control processing method according to a second embodiment of the invention.
Reference numerals: a housing 1; a hollow cylinder 2; a hollow rotating shaft 3; a rubber tube 6; a hard tube 71; a sliding tube 72; an atomizing tube 73; a pressurizing device 61; an opening and closing device 721; an image collector 711; a pipe inlet 4; a pipe outlet 5; a controller 11; an image processing module 101; a calculation processing module 102; an atomization control module 103; the control module 104 is stopped.
Description of the embodiments
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made apparent and fully in view of the accompanying drawings, in which some, but not all embodiments of the invention are shown. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific examples thereof in connection with the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a lower respiratory tract spray control processing system according to a first embodiment of the present invention; fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a lower respiratory tract spray control processing system according to a first embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 3 is a system architecture diagram of a lower respiratory tract spray control treatment system according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
the invention provides a lower respiratory tract spray control processing system, which comprises a shell 1, a hollow cylinder 2, a hollow rotating shaft 3, a rubber tube 6, a hard tube 71, a sliding tube 72, an atomization tube 73, a pressurizing device 61, an opening and closing device 721 and an image collector 711 arranged on the hard tube; the image collector is used for collecting images of throat parts and acquiring scanned images;
The shell 1 is provided with a plurality of holes, the hollow cylinder 2 is hinged on the shell 1, and the hollow cylinder 2 is provided with a pipe inlet 4 and a pipe outlet 5; the hollow rotating shaft 3 is rotatably connected to one side of the hollow cylinder 2, and the hollow rotating shaft 3 is horizontally arranged;
the rubber tube 6 is sleeved on the hollow rotating shaft 3, the lower end of the rubber tube 6 passes through the inlet tube orifice 4, the upper end of the rubber tube 6 passes through the outlet tube orifice 5, and the lower part of the rubber tube 6 is positioned in the shell 1;
the hard tube 71 is connected to the upper end of the rubber tube 6 and is communicated with the rubber tube 6, and the sliding tube 72 is placed inside the hard tube 71; the atomization tube 73 is clamped on the sliding tube 72 and is communicated with the sliding tube 72, and the atomization tube 73 is used for atomizing medicines; the atomizing pipe 73 is positioned in the hard pipe 71 and is in contact with the hard pipe 71, a plurality of atomizing holes are formed in the atomizing pipe 73, the pressurizing device is arranged on the shell 1 and is used for spraying out the medicine, the opening and closing device is arranged on the sliding pipe 72 and is used for adjusting the spraying out of the medicine;
the remote computing center 100, the controller 11 installed on the shell 1 and the communication repeater 200 are also included; the remote computing center is in communication connection with the controller through the communication repeater;
The shell is also provided with a controller 11; the controller is used for calculating and implementing to obtain the concentration of the medicine;
the controller specifically comprises an image processing module 101, a calculation processing module 102, an atomization control module 103 and a stop control module 104;
the image processing module acquires the infection area of each scanning area and the surface state coefficient of the scanning area according to the scanning image; wherein the surface state coefficient refers to whether the surface state of the scanning area is subjected to infection identification processing by using an image processing technology;
the calculation processing module is used for calculating and obtaining a target atomization demand R of the current scanning area according to the infection area S of the scanning area and the surface state coefficient P of the scanning area; calculating and acquiring the times T for pressing the pressurizing device according to the target atomization demand R;
the atomization control module is used for controlling the controller to send an opening and closing instruction and controlling the opening and closing device to open; atomizing the medicine with preset concentration in the current scanning area according to the target atomization demand and starting to press the pressurizing device until the pressurizing device is pressed for T times;
and the stopping control module is used for calculating the actual atomization amount, judging whether the actual atomization amount of the current scanning area meets the target atomization demand amount for implementing lower respiratory tract infection of the current area, and if so, sending a stopping control instruction through the controller to control the opening and closing device to be closed.
Preferably, the image processing module is specifically configured to perform graying processing on the scanned image to obtain a grayed image;
dividing the graying image by using a maximum inter-class variance method (Otsu method) to obtain a divided image; the segmented image is a white area and a black area; simultaneously, carrying out edge detection on the gray-scale image to obtain an edge image;
performing linear processing on the segmented image to obtain an image to be calculated; simultaneously carrying out enhancement processing (namely morphological processing) on the edge image to obtain an enhanced image;
presetting an infection image type and a corresponding coefficient; determining a white area in the image to be calculated as an infection area, and acquiring the number of pixels of the infection area; determining a black region in the image to be calculated as a non-infected region, and acquiring the number of pixels of the non-infected region; meanwhile, comparing the enhanced image with a preset infection state image, identifying the type of the infection image of the current enhanced image, and acquiring the type coefficient of the infection image;
calculating an infection area based on the number of pixels of the infection area and the number of pixels of the non-infection area; the infection area is calculated by the following steps:
S=（n1×n2）/2；
Wherein S is the infection area;
n1 is the number of pixels in the affected area; n2 is the number of pixels in the non-infected area;
preferably, the above-mentioned calculation processing module is specifically configured to confirm the concentration coefficient; confirming atomization efficiency; calculating and obtaining a target atomization demand;
the calculation mode of the target atomization demand is as follows: r= (a×s×p)/f;
wherein R is a target atomization demand;
a is a concentration coefficient;
s is the infection area;
p is a surface state coefficient;
f is atomization efficiency;
obtaining a single-pressing medicine quantity D; calculating the number of times of pressing the pressurizing device based on the target atomization demand and the single-press medicine amount;
the number of times of pressing the pressurizing device is calculated in the following way:
；
wherein T is the number of times of pressing the pressurizing device;
ceil () is rounded up (with decimal plus 1);
r is a target atomization demand;
d is the amount of drug pressed a single time.
Preferably, the image processing module is further configured to acquire an HSV image based on the scanned image; acquiring a brightness value V (x, y), a tone value H (x, y) and a saturation value S (x, y) of each pixel point in the HSV image;
convolving the brightness value V (x, y) of each pixel point through a multi-scale Gaussian function to obtain an illumination component K (x, y) of each pixel point; obtaining an illumination component mean value m; wherein K (x, y) is the illumination component of the pixel point located at (x, y);
The illumination component mean value m is calculated in the following way
；
Wherein m is the average value of illumination components;
i is the total number of HSV image pixel points;
the illumination component K is corrected and calculated through a two-dimensional gamma function to obtain a corrected brightness value V' (x, y) of the pixel point;
the corrected brightness value V' (x, y) is calculated by:
；
wherein V' (x, y) is the brightness value of the corrected pixel point;
v (x, y) is the brightness value of the pixel point;
r is a brightness enhancement index value;
m is the illumination component mean value;
fusing the corrected brightness value V' of the pixel point with the tone value H of the corresponding pixel point and the saturation value S of the corresponding pixel point respectively to obtain a corrected HSV image;
acquiring a new RGB image based on the corrected HSV image; and carrying out graying treatment on the new RGB image to obtain a graying image.
In summary, in the lower respiratory tract spray control processing system provided by the invention, when the lower respiratory tract spray control processing system is specifically applied, the medical staff control controller sends an extension control command to enable the rubber tube to extend to the lower part of the throat, and then an image is acquired on the throat part of a patient through the image acquisition device arranged on the hard tube connected with the upper end of the rubber tube to acquire a scanning image; the scanning image is acquired through the image acquisition device, so that the infection condition of the lower respiratory tract of a patient can be visually checked; the medicine is directly sprayed on the affected part, so that the utilization efficiency of the medicine can be further improved, and the treatment effect is further enhanced;
Acquiring an HSV image based on the scanned image; acquiring brightness value, tone value and saturation value of each pixel point in the HSV image;
the brightness values of the pixel points are processed independently and then fused to obtain corrected HSV images, and then new images are obtained based on the corrected images; carrying out graying treatment on the new image to obtain a graying image; dividing the gray image by using a maximum inter-class variance method to obtain a divided image; the divided image is a white area and a black area; meanwhile, carrying out edge detection on the gray image to obtain an edge image; performing linear processing on the segmented image to obtain an image to be calculated; meanwhile, the edge image is enhanced to obtain an enhanced image, and the linear processing operation is to enhance the contrast of the segmented image (namely, black-and-white image), so that the edge of the image is clearer; enhancing surface information of the image; then presetting an infection image type and a corresponding coefficient; determining a white area in an image to be calculated as an infection area, and acquiring the number of pixels of the infection area; determining a black area in an image to be calculated as a non-infected area, and acquiring the number of pixels of the non-infected area; meanwhile, comparing the enhanced image with a preset infection state image, identifying the infection image type of the current enhanced image, and acquiring an infection image type coefficient;
Calculating an infection area based on the number of pixel points of the infection area and the number of pixel points of the non-infection area;
then confirming a concentration coefficient; confirming atomization efficiency;
calculating and obtaining a target atomization demand;
obtaining a single-pressing medicine quantity D; calculating the number of times of pressing the pressurizing device based on the target atomization demand and the single-time pressing medicine amount; the target atomization demand is calculated, and the lower respiratory tract spray control treatment system can be controlled to spray quantitative medicines according to the specific illness condition of a patient, so that the treatment effect is further improved;
then the atomization control module controls the controller to send an opening and closing instruction to control the opening and closing device to be opened; atomizing the medicine with preset concentration in the current scanning area according to the target atomization demand and starting to press the pressurizing device until the pressurizing device is pressed for T times; and after the actual atomization amount is calculated to meet the target atomization demand amount for implementing lower respiratory tract infection in the current area, the stopping control module sends a stopping control instruction through the controller to control the opening and closing device to close and stop spraying.
Example two
Correspondingly, as shown in fig. 4, the invention also provides a lower respiratory tract spray control treatment method, which comprises the following operation steps:
Step S10: the controller drives the lower respiratory tract spray control processing system to acquire images of throat parts and obtain scanning images;
explanation: the controller sends an extension control command to enable the rubber tube to extend below the throat, the area of a scanning area can be obtained and calculated through the image collector, and meanwhile, the surface state of the scanning area is identified through the image collector, specifically, whether the surface state of the scanning area is infected or not is identified by utilizing an image processing technology;
step S20: acquiring an infection area of each scanning area and a surface state coefficient of the scanning area according to the scanning image; calculating and obtaining a target atomization demand R of the current scanning area according to an infection area S of the scanning area and a surface state coefficient P of the scanning area; calculating and acquiring the times T for pressing the pressurizing device according to the target atomization demand R;
step S30: the controller sends an opening and closing instruction to control the opening and closing device to be opened; atomizing the medicine with preset concentration in the current scanning area according to the target atomization demand and starting to press the pressurizing device until the pressurizing device is pressed for T times;
step S40: calculating the actual atomization amount, judging whether the actual atomization amount of the current scanning area meets the target atomization demand amount for implementing lower respiratory tract infection of the current area, if so, sending a shutdown control instruction through a controller to control the opening and closing device to be closed (the rubber tube can be manually drawn out later);
The actual atomization amount is calculated by the following steps:
R'=K×T；
wherein R' is the actual atomization amount;
k is the drug concentration (the drug concentration is a preset value, and is constant);
t is the number of times the pressurizing means is pressed.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, in step S20, the infection area of each scan area and the surface state coefficient of the scan area are obtained according to the scan image, and the method includes the following steps:
step S21: carrying out graying treatment on the scanned image to obtain a graying image;
step S22: dividing the graying image by using a maximum inter-class variance method (Otsu method) to obtain a divided image; the segmented image is a white area and a black area; simultaneously, carrying out edge detection on the gray-scale image to obtain an edge image;
step S23: performing linear processing on the segmented image to obtain an image to be calculated; simultaneously carrying out enhancement processing (namely morphological processing) on the edge image to obtain an enhanced image;
the enhancement processing of the edge image is morphological processing, which can enhance the surface information of the image, and the morphological operations include expansion, corrosion, open operation, closed operation and the like; by these operations, new edge information can be created to better capture the surface state in the image;
The linear processing is performed to enhance the contrast of the segmented image (i.e., black-and-white image), thereby making the edges of the image clearer; the morphological processing, i.e. enhancement processing, of the edge image is not a technical invention point of the embodiment of the present application, and will not be described herein.
Step S24: presetting an infection image type and a corresponding coefficient; determining a white area in the image to be calculated as an infection area, and acquiring the number of pixels of the infection area; determining a black region in the image to be calculated as a non-infected region, and acquiring the number of pixels of the non-infected region; meanwhile, comparing the enhanced image with a preset infection state image, identifying the type of the infection image of the current enhanced image, and acquiring the type coefficient of the infection image;
step S25: calculating an infection area based on the number of pixels of the infection area and the number of pixels of the non-infection area; the infection area is calculated by the following steps:
S=（n1×n2）/2；
wherein S is the infection area;
n1 is the number of pixels in the affected area; n2 is the number of pixels in the non-infected area.
According to the technical scheme adopted by the embodiment of the invention, the scanned image is subjected to graying, a person then divides the graying image into a black area image and a white area image, and then linear processing is carried out to enable the black and white area to be divided more clearly, so that an infected area and a non-infected area are distinguished, and the subsequent calculation of the infected area is facilitated; meanwhile, the gray level image is subjected to edge detection and then enhanced, so that the subsequent comparison with a preset infection state image is facilitated, and the infection image type coefficient of the current patient is identified and acquired.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 6, in step S20, a target atomization demand of the current scanning area is obtained by calculation according to the infection area S of the scanning area and the surface state coefficient P of the scanning area; and the number of times of pressing the pressurizing device is obtained is calculated through the target atomization demand, and the method comprises the following operation steps:
step S201: confirming concentration coefficients (the concentration coefficients relate to drug types, and different drug types can have different concentration coefficients);
step S202: confirmation of the nebulization efficiency (nebulization efficiency refers to the proportion of drug successfully absorbed, typically between 20% and 60%);
step S203: calculating and obtaining a target atomization demand;
the calculation mode of the target atomization demand is as follows: r= (a×s×p)/f;
wherein R is a target atomization demand;
a is a concentration coefficient;
s is the infection area;
p is a surface state coefficient;
f is atomization efficiency;
step S204: obtaining a single-pressing medicine quantity D (explanation: the single-pressing medicine quantity D refers to the medicine quantity sprayed by a lower respiratory tract spraying device at one time by a pressing device, wherein the single-pressing medicine quantity D is constant and is usually 220 ul); calculating the number of times of pressing the pressurizing device based on the target atomization demand and the single-press medicine amount;
The number of times of pressing the pressurizing device is calculated in the following way:
wherein T is the number of times of pressing the pressurizing device;
ceil () is rounded up (with decimal plus 1);
r is a target atomization demand;
d is the amount of drug pressed a single time.
According to the technical scheme adopted by the embodiment of the invention, the target atomization demand of the patient is obtained through calculation by the drug concentration coefficient, the infection area of the patient and the atomization efficiency of the drug, so that the atomized drug is ensured to be enough, and the treatment effect is better; further, the number of times of pressing the pressurizing device is calculated and obtained through the target atomization demand and the single-time pressing medicine amount, so that atomized medicine is ensured to be enough, and meanwhile, medicine waste caused by excessive medicine is avoided, and the medicine achieves the optimal utilization rate.
Preferably, in the implementation process of the method of the present invention, a technician finds that because the image acquisition device acquires the acquired scanned image due to light rays when the image is acquired, the acquired scanned image is influenced by the subsequent image processing to acquire the gray image, so that the gray image is deviated (further research finds that if the gray image processing and the edge detection are both problematic, the calculation of the infection area is also inevitably deviated greatly, and the calculation of the spraying amount is finally influenced), therefore, the acquired scanned image is also required to be processed, the interference of light rays is reduced, and thus, a more accurate gray image is acquired, and further, the area of the infection area is acquired and the state coefficient of the surface of the infection area is more accurately acquired through the subsequent operation.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 7, in step S21, the scanned image is subjected to graying processing, and a grayed image is obtained, which includes the following steps:
step S211: acquiring an HSV image based on the scanned image; acquiring a brightness value V (x, y), a tone value H (x, y) and a saturation value S (x, y) of each pixel point in the HSV image;
it should be noted that V (x, y) is a luminance value of a pixel located at the (x, y) coordinate; h (x, y) is the hue value of the pixel point located at the (x, y) coordinate; s (x, y) is the saturation value of the pixel point at the (x, y) coordinate;
the scanned image is an RGB format image, the RGB image can be converted into an HSV image through image processing, and the brightness, tone and saturation of the image are represented;
step S212: convolving the brightness value V (x, y) of each pixel point through a multi-scale Gaussian function to obtain an illumination component K (x, y) of each pixel point; obtaining an illumination component mean value m; wherein K (x, y) is the illumination component of the pixel point located at (x, y);
the illumination component mean value m is calculated in the following way
；
Wherein m is the average value of illumination components;
i is the total number of HSV image pixel points;
Explanation: the illumination component of the image is acquired through convolution operation, so that illumination correction can be performed; the background noise of the image can be filtered through multi-scale Gaussian function convolution, and meanwhile, the illumination component of the image is obtained; the multi-scale gaussian function convolution technique is the prior art, and the embodiments of the present invention are not described in detail.
Step S213: the illumination component K is corrected and calculated through a two-dimensional gamma function to obtain a corrected brightness value V' (x, y) of the pixel point;
the corrected brightness value V' (x, y) is calculated by:
wherein V' (x, y) is the brightness value of the corrected pixel point;
v (x, y) is the brightness value of the pixel point;
r is a brightness enhancement index value;
m is the illumination component mean value;
step S214: fusing the corrected brightness value V' of the pixel point with the tone value H of the corresponding pixel point and the saturation value S of the corresponding pixel point respectively to obtain a corrected HSV image;
step S215: acquiring a new RGB image based on the corrected HSV image; and carrying out graying treatment on the new RGB image to obtain a graying image.
According to the technical scheme adopted by the embodiment of the invention, the acquired RGB image is converted into the HSV image, the brightness value V, the tone value H and the saturation value S of all pixel points in the image are acquired, then the background noise of the pixel points is filtered through multi-scale Gaussian function convolution of the brightness values of the pixel points, meanwhile, the illumination component average value of the pixel points is acquired, the illumination component is corrected through a two-dimensional gamma function to obtain the corrected brightness value, so that the influence of the brightness of the image light can be eliminated, the corrected brightness value, the tone value and the saturation value of the pixel points are fused, the corrected brightness value, the tone value and the saturation value are further converted into a new RGB image, and finally the new RGB image is converted into a gray scale image.
In summary, in the embodiment of the invention, when the system and the method are applied specifically, the medical staff control controller sends the extension control command to enable the rubber tube to extend below the throat, and then the image of the throat part of the patient is acquired through the image acquisition device arranged on the hard tube connected with the upper end of the rubber tube, so as to acquire the scanning image; the scanning image is acquired through the image acquisition device, so that the infection condition of the lower respiratory tract of a patient can be visually checked; the medicine is directly sprayed on the affected part, so that the utilization efficiency of the medicine can be further improved, and the treatment effect is further enhanced;
acquiring an HSV image based on the scanned image; acquiring brightness value, tone value and saturation value of each pixel point in the HSV image; the brightness values of the pixel points are processed independently and then fused to obtain corrected HSV images, and then new images are obtained based on the corrected images; carrying out graying treatment on the new image to obtain a graying image; dividing the gray image by using a maximum inter-class variance method to obtain a divided image; the divided image is a white area and a black area; meanwhile, carrying out edge detection on the gray image to obtain an edge image; performing linear processing on the segmented image to obtain an image to be calculated; meanwhile, the edge image is enhanced to obtain an enhanced image, and the linear processing operation is to enhance the contrast of the segmented image (namely, black-and-white image), so that the edge of the image is clearer; enhancing surface information of the image; then presetting an infection image type and a corresponding coefficient; determining a white area in an image to be calculated as an infection area, and acquiring the number of pixels of the infection area; determining a black area in an image to be calculated as a non-infected area, and acquiring the number of pixels of the non-infected area; meanwhile, comparing the enhanced image with a preset infection state image, identifying the infection image type of the current enhanced image, and acquiring an infection image type coefficient;
Calculating an infection area based on the number of pixel points of the infection area and the number of pixel points of the non-infection area; then confirming a concentration coefficient; confirming atomization efficiency; calculating and obtaining a target atomization demand;
obtaining a single-pressing medicine quantity D; calculating the number of times of pressing the pressurizing device based on the target atomization demand and the single-time pressing medicine amount; the target atomization demand is calculated, and the lower respiratory tract spray control treatment system can be controlled to spray quantitative medicines according to the specific illness condition of a patient, so that the treatment effect is further improved; the atomized medicine is ensured to be enough, so that the treatment effect is better; further, the number of times of pressing the pressurizing device is calculated and obtained through the target atomization demand and the single-time pressing medicine amount, so that atomized medicine is ensured to be enough, and meanwhile, medicine waste caused by excessive medicine is avoided, and the medicine achieves the optimal utilization rate.
Then the atomization control module controls the controller to send an opening and closing instruction to control the opening and closing device to be opened; atomizing the medicine with preset concentration in the current scanning area according to the target atomization demand and starting to press the pressurizing device until the pressurizing device is pressed for T times, so that the medicine is ensured to be enough; and after the actual atomization amount is calculated to meet the target atomization demand amount for implementing lower respiratory tract infection in the current area, the stopping control module sends a stopping control instruction through the controller to control the opening and closing device to close and stop spraying.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and not for limiting the same; modifications of the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions of some or all of the technical features thereof, may be made by those of ordinary skill in the art; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (8)
1. The lower respiratory tract spray control processing system is characterized by comprising a shell, a hollow cylinder, a hollow rotating shaft, a rubber tube, a hard tube, a sliding tube, an atomizing tube, a pressurizing device, an opening and closing device and an image collector arranged on the hard tube; the image collector is used for collecting images of throat parts and acquiring scanned images;
the shell is provided with a plurality of holes, the hollow cylinder body is hinged on the shell, and the hollow cylinder body is provided with an inlet pipe orifice and an outlet pipe orifice; the hollow rotating shaft is rotatably connected to one side of the hollow cylinder body, and the hollow rotating shaft is horizontally arranged;
the rubber tube is sleeved on the hollow rotating shaft, the lower end of the rubber tube penetrates through the tube inlet, the upper end of the rubber tube penetrates through the tube outlet, and the lower part of the rubber tube is positioned in the shell;
The hard tube is connected to the upper end of the rubber tube and is communicated with the rubber tube, and the sliding tube is placed on the inner side of the hard tube; the atomizing pipe is clamped on the sliding pipe and communicated with the sliding pipe, and the atomizing pipe is used for atomizing medicines; the atomizing pipe is positioned in the hard pipe and is in contact with the hard pipe, and a plurality of atomizing holes are formed in the atomizing pipe; the pressurizing device is arranged on the shell and used for spraying out medicines, the opening and closing device is arranged on the sliding tube and used for adjusting the spraying out of the medicines;
a controller is also arranged on the shell; the controller is used for calculating and implementing to obtain the concentration of the medicine;
the controller specifically comprises an image processing module, a calculation processing module, an atomization control module and a stop control module;
the image processing module acquires the infection area of each scanning area and the surface state coefficient of the scanning area according to the scanning image; wherein the surface state coefficient refers to whether the surface state of the scanning area is subjected to infection identification processing by using an image processing technology;
the calculation processing module is used for calculating and obtaining a target atomization demand R of the current scanning area according to the infection area S of the scanning area and the surface state coefficient P of the scanning area; calculating and acquiring the times T for pressing the pressurizing device according to the target atomization demand R;
The atomization control module is used for controlling the controller to send an opening and closing instruction and controlling the opening and closing device to open; atomizing the medicine with preset concentration in the current scanning area according to the target atomization demand and starting to press the pressurizing device until the pressurizing device is pressed for T times;
and the stopping control module is used for calculating the actual atomization amount, judging whether the actual atomization amount of the current scanning area meets the target atomization demand amount for implementing lower respiratory tract infection of the current area, and if so, sending a stopping control instruction through the controller to control the opening and closing device to be closed.
2. The lower respiratory tract spray control processing system according to claim 1, wherein the image processing module is specifically configured to perform a graying process on the scanned image to obtain a grayed image;
dividing the gray-scale image by using a maximum inter-class variance method, and obtaining a divided image; the segmented image is a white area and a black area; simultaneously, carrying out edge detection on the gray-scale image to obtain an edge image;
performing linear processing on the segmented image to obtain an image to be calculated; simultaneously, carrying out enhancement processing on the edge image to obtain an enhanced image;
Presetting an infection image type and a corresponding coefficient; determining a white area in the image to be calculated as an infection area, and acquiring the number of pixels of the infection area; determining a black region in the image to be calculated as a non-infected region, and acquiring the number of pixels of the non-infected region; meanwhile, comparing the enhanced image with a preset infection state image, identifying the type of the infection image of the current enhanced image, and acquiring the type coefficient of the infection image;
calculating an infection area based on the number of pixels of the infection area and the number of pixels of the non-infection area; the infection area is calculated by the following steps:
S=（n1×n2）/2；
wherein S is the infection area;
n1 is the number of pixels in the affected area; n2 is the number of pixels in the non-infected area.
3. A lower respiratory tract spray control processing system according to claim 2, wherein the calculation processing module is specifically configured to confirm a concentration coefficient; confirming atomization efficiency; calculating and obtaining a target atomization demand;
the calculation mode of the target atomization demand is as follows: r= (a×s×p)/f;
wherein R is a target atomization demand;
a is a concentration coefficient;
S is the infection area;
p is a surface state coefficient;
f is atomization efficiency;
obtaining a single-pressing medicine quantity D; calculating the number of times of pressing the pressurizing device based on the target atomization demand and the single-press medicine amount;
the number of times of pressing the pressurizing device is calculated in the following way:
；
wherein T is the number of times of pressing the pressurizing device;
ceil () is rounded up;
r is a target atomization demand;
d is the amount of drug pressed a single time.
4. A lower respiratory tract spray control processing system according to claim 3 wherein the image processing module is further configured to acquire HSV images based on the scanned images; acquiring a brightness value V (x, y), a tone value H (x, y) and a saturation value S (x, y) of each pixel point in the HSV image;
convolving the brightness value V (x, y) of each pixel point through a multi-scale Gaussian function to obtain an illumination component K (x, y) of each pixel point; obtaining an illumination component mean value m; wherein K (x, y) is the illumination component of the pixel point located at (x, y);
the illumination component mean value m is calculated in the following way
；
Wherein m is the average value of illumination components;
i is the total number of HSV image pixel points;
The illumination component K is corrected and calculated through a two-dimensional gamma function to obtain a corrected brightness value V' (x, y) of the pixel point;
the corrected brightness value V' (x, y) is calculated by:
；
wherein V' (x, y) is the brightness value of the corrected pixel point;
v (x, y) is the brightness value of the pixel point;
r is a brightness enhancement index value;
m is the illumination component mean value;
fusing the corrected brightness value V' of the pixel point with the tone value H of the corresponding pixel point and the saturation value S of the corresponding pixel point respectively to obtain a corrected HSV image;
acquiring a new RGB image based on the corrected HSV image; and carrying out graying treatment on the new RGB image to obtain a graying image.
5. A lower respiratory tract spray control treatment method, characterized in that the method is applied to a lower respiratory tract spray control treatment system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, the method comprising the following operation steps:
the controller drives the lower respiratory tract spray control processing system to acquire images of throat parts and obtain scanning images;
acquiring an infection area of each scanning area and a surface state coefficient of the scanning area according to the scanning image; calculating and obtaining a target atomization demand R of the current scanning area according to an infection area S of the scanning area and a surface state coefficient P of the scanning area; calculating and acquiring the times T for pressing the pressurizing device according to the target atomization demand R;
The controller sends an opening and closing instruction to control the opening and closing device to be opened; atomizing the medicine with preset concentration in the current scanning area according to the target atomization demand and starting to press the pressurizing device until the pressurizing device is pressed for T times;
calculating the actual atomization amount, judging whether the actual atomization amount of the current scanning area meets the target atomization demand amount for implementing lower respiratory tract infection of the current area, and if so, sending a shutdown control instruction through a controller to control the opening and closing device to be closed;
the actual atomization amount is calculated by the following steps:
R'=K×T；
wherein R' is the actual atomization amount;
k is the drug concentration;
t is the number of times the pressurizing means is pressed.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein the step of acquiring the infection area of each scan area and the surface state coefficient of the scan area from the scan image comprises the steps of:
carrying out graying treatment on the scanned image to obtain a graying image;
dividing the gray-scale image by using a maximum inter-class variance method to obtain a divided image; the segmented image is a white area and a black area; simultaneously, carrying out edge detection on the gray-scale image to obtain an edge image;
Performing linear processing on the segmented image to obtain an image to be calculated; simultaneously, carrying out enhancement processing on the edge image to obtain an enhanced image;
presetting an infection image type and a corresponding coefficient; determining a white area in the image to be calculated as an infection area, and acquiring the number of pixels of the infection area; determining a black region in the image to be calculated as a non-infected region, and acquiring the number of pixels of the non-infected region; meanwhile, comparing the enhanced image with a preset infection state image, identifying the type of the infection image of the current enhanced image, and acquiring the type coefficient of the infection image;
calculating an infection area based on the number of pixels of the infection area and the number of pixels of the non-infection area; the infection area is calculated by the following steps:
S=（n1×n2）/2；
wherein S is the infection area;
n1 is the number of pixels in the affected area; n2 is the number of pixels in the non-infected area.
7. The method according to claim 5, wherein the target atomization demand of the current scanning area is obtained by calculating according to the infection area S of the scanning area and the surface state coefficient P of the scanning area; and the number of times of pressing the pressurizing device is obtained is calculated through the target atomization demand, and the method comprises the following operation steps:
Confirming a concentration coefficient;
confirming atomization efficiency;
calculating and obtaining a target atomization demand;
the calculation mode of the target atomization demand is as follows: r= (a×s×p)/f;
wherein R is a target atomization demand;
a is a concentration coefficient;
s is the infection area;
p is a surface state coefficient;
f is atomization efficiency;
obtaining a single-pressing medicine quantity D; calculating the number of times of pressing the pressurizing device based on the target atomization demand and the single-press medicine amount;
the number of times of pressing the pressurizing device is calculated in the following way:
；
wherein T is the number of times of pressing the pressurizing device;
ceil () is rounded up;
r is a target atomization demand;
d is the amount of drug pressed a single time.
8. The method according to claim 6, wherein the step of graying the scanned image to obtain a grayed image comprises the steps of:
acquiring an HSV image based on the scanned image; acquiring a brightness value V (x, y), a tone value H (x, y) and a saturation value S (x, y) of each pixel point in the HSV image;
convolving the brightness value V (x, y) of each pixel point through a multi-scale Gaussian function to obtain an illumination component K (x, y) of each pixel point; obtaining an illumination component mean value m; wherein K (x, y) is the illumination component of the pixel point located at (x, y);
The illumination component mean value m is calculated in the following way
；
Wherein V' (x, y) is the brightness value of the corrected pixel point;
v (x, y) is the brightness value of the pixel point;
r is a brightness enhancement index value;
m is the illumination component mean value;
fusing the corrected brightness value V' of the pixel point with the tone value H of the corresponding pixel point and the saturation value S of the corresponding pixel point respectively to obtain a corrected HSV image;
acquiring a new RGB image based on the corrected HSV image; and carrying out graying treatment on the new RGB image to obtain a graying image.
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