CN1161591C - System for testing optical environment by image processing technique - Google Patents
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a light environment research method, particularly to a method which uses an image processing technique to test the light environment. The present invention aims to overcome and solve the problems the separation of shape, color and quantity, data causes and effects incapable of quantification extraction, small information quantity, poor precision, etc. in process of the existing architectural light environment research and test. A complete set of architectural light environment test and research system based on the digital picture processing technique and the light environment research theory is provided. All light information in the environment is collected by a camera, and then, the light information is input to a computer; each picture element on a computer picture can be used as a test point, and the relation between the grey value and the RGB value of each point and the brightness and the chrominance of an object point is found out; required parameters are extracted out by the image processing technique. Results generated by the method integrate with the shape, color and quantity, and can be analyzed and stored. The present invention also provides corresponding test software.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to measuring method, particularly a kind of method that adopts image processing techniques test light environment.
Background technology
Only vital in people's the living environment, it will directly influence eyesight, health, safety, work efficiency and psychologic status of people or the like.As: light environment quality directly influences student's eyesight and results of learning in the classroom; The safety of light environment quality influence driving on the outdoor road; In the gymnasium light environment quality influence sportsman's technical ability performance, watch and the effect of television relay; The artistic effect of urban look in the urban landscape illumination.Can how luminous environment designs just be obtained positive influence? this is a research contents main in the building optics field always.Must quantize in the focus ring border in order to realize research purpose, just can become the scientific basis of design and evaluation luminous environment through the data after quantizing.Generally used photometric device (illuminometer, nitometer and colorimeter etc.) to carry out the evaluation of luminous environment both at home and abroad, for example: the quality of coming appraisal face glazed thread at indoor illumination instrumentation brightness value in the past; Estimate the light and shade of environment with the brightness value of brightness instrumentation surround lighting; Adopt colorimeter to come quantitative color or the like.But when adopting this method research to build luminous environment, its limitation is very big, is mainly reflected in the following aspects: required some the special illumination indexs (as: cylinder illumination and scalar illumination) of (1) research Interior Illumination Environment can't test out with common illuminometer.When (2) studying Interior Illumination Environment, the illumination index of illuminometer test is the result of whole surround lighting effects, and is then powerless for the luminance component test that a certain position surround lighting produces.When (3) carrying out test of outdoor Landscape Lighting and research, adopt the Illumination Distribution of illumination instrumentation building surface to need it is attached on the tested surface and tests, so the position that can't touch easily for the tester then can't be tested.When (4) carrying out outdoor Landscape Lighting test and research, because nitometer is difficult to accurate location, so can't record the Luminance Distribution situation of object.During (5) with nitometer test light environment, can only survey mean flow rate in certain angular field of view, then can't obtain the brightness of small angle object because of nitometer.(6) in the research department and during outdoor lighting environment, General Instrument can't be estimated the dazzle situation of environment.When (7) testing and studying the space luminous intensity distribution situation of some light source (as Projecting Lamp), facility at a distance, used space is big, and low precision.(8) when carrying out Natural light environment research and test, the instability of Natural light environment and the difference of weather cause the poor repeatability of test result.(9) test day according to the time, be difficult in a certain test duration to observe At All Other Times the situation at sunshine.(10) with conventional method of testing, a kind of optical parameter will have a kind of special instrument.All Special Equipment to be arranged as brightness, planar illumination, cylinder illumination, scalar illumination, colourity etc.Therefore can't record required whole parameters simultaneously, have high input, can't be quick, easy finish test assignment and stores processor data.Problem at above research luminous environment appearance, vast luminous environment researchers press for a kind of method that can comprehensively finish test and research task, the method is simply handy, and its test result can store and call with figure and textual form easily, and also is fit to other optic tests.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention be exactly for overcome with solve the research of existing building luminous environment, test process in the shape, look, the amount three that occur separate; The data cause and effect can't quantize to extract; Quantity of information is few; Problems such as low precision provide a whole set of building luminous environment testing research system based on digital image processing techniques and luminous environment research theory.Utilize this system to test and study, can not only overcome the above problems, and can obtain multiple optical parameter, portablely be applicable to on-the-spot the use.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
System comprises camera, computing machine, fish eye lens; Utilize standard color card that system is demarcated, its calibration process is: at first will gather good Standard colour board image and call in the calibration system, and the acquisition parameters of every width of cloth image is imported, and then extract image R, G, the B value of each colour atla in the Standard colour board image.According to R, G, the B value of gained, system-computed goes out image R, G, B value and chromaticity coordinates (x, y, relational expression z) of respective color.After colourity is demarcated and is finished, system then demarcates the brightness value of image, utilize nitometer to measure the brightness of each colour atla, take card image input computing machine of all kinds simultaneously, then extract the gray-scale value of colour atla in image, simulate the relation curve between gray-scale value and brightness, the exposure, the formula of its straight-line segment is the formula of calibration, and the scope of straight-line segment is a range.All formula (brightness calculation and chromaticity coordinates calculate) that match and calibration are come out store in system's designated computer storer by standard format and call for computation process.
The measurement of native system luminous environment comprises following content:
(1). the method for testing of brightness, chromaticity coordinates and dazzle: object image and acquisition parameters that camera is taken are imported computing machine, according to the system calibration result, image is pursued width of cloth pointwise to be detected, if impact point is not in range, then change acquisition parameters photographic images again, input detects, until all by detection; Utilize qualified test pattern and fitting formula to calculate each impact point brightness, can draw out maximum, minimum, mean flow rate and the mean color coordinates of arbitrary region on the intensity map of test target, chromaticity coordinates more arbitrarily and brightness value and the image.
The glare tester process is as follows: at first determine the brightness of dazzle source and background by the luminance test program; Call in used panorama picture of fisheye lens rule formula then, formula is drawn and is decided direction of visual lines in view of the above, determines the direction in dazzle source and the angle of direction of visual lines; The calculating of solid angle is carried out in the dazzle source after zone occupied on the image is selected out, selected out suitable dazzle index, carry out appraisal of glare then.
(2). the method for testing of various illumination: the fish eye images that camera is placed on the hemisphere space of measuring point shooting is found out the visual locus of each picture element and the brightness value that is drawn gone up, according to the solid angle projection theorem, calculate this point to the formed brightness value in measured point.With the formed brightness value of every bit pixel on the image add up the total illumination of this measured point.Get a certain partial-pixel put formed brightness value add up this part light source (or reflecting surface) to the formed luminance component in measured point.According to the solid angle projection theorem, projection gets planar illumination in the plane; Projection gets cylinder illumination on cylinder; Projection gets scalar illumination on sphere.
(3) method of testing of the luminous intensity distribution of Projecting Lamp: at Projecting Lamp anterior branch one screen, screen material is complete diffused, Projecting Lamp is incident upon on the screen, read the Luminance Distribution of the last hot spot of this screen with said method,, again according to the reflection coefficient of screen calculate this screen Illumination Distribution, light projector screen reflection coefficient, input Projecting Lamp measuring distance, just brightness finally can be converted to luminous intensity, can draw and join the luminous intensity distribution performance that draws this Projecting Lamp
(4) method of testing of coefficient of lighting: making the sky illustraton of model and calculate all-sky according to sky model and flake imaging law is the illumination intensity of light source value.Fish eye images and acquisition parameters that camera is taken at measuring point are imported computing machine, system detected qualified test pattern homologous ray is inner to be set up good sky illustraton of model and combine and determine daylight opening brightness and its position, calculate the illumination of the measuring point that daylight opening produces as light source then; Image and acquisition parameters input computing machine with camera is taken according to the system calibration result, go out the measuring point illumination that all-sky produces as light source according to the sky Model Calculation; Utilize the good sky model group of the inner foundation of qualified test pattern homologous ray to lump together and determine daylight opening brightness and its position, calculate the illumination of daylight opening then as the measuring point of light source generation; Above-mentioned two brightness values are compared the immediate component that just can draw coefficient of lighting.Carry out the illumination of measuring point according to test pattern and calculate, draw the measuring point brightness value (reflection illumination) under measuring point brightness value under the daylight opening effect (directly illumination) and indoor each reflecting surface effect respectively, determine both ratio then.Utilize the immediate component of coefficient of lighting just can calculate the reflecting component of coefficient of lighting according to the aforementioned calculation result, two components are combined just obtain total coefficient of lighting at last.
(5). the method for sunshine test: the fish eye images input computing machine that camera is taken, and determine test pattern towards; Geographic latitude value according to testing location calls out corresponding track of sun figure; According to just calculating the annual sunshine-duration of measuring point towards track of sun figure is combined with each other with the flake image of clapping.
1. camera properties is: time shutter, the aperture size of every width of cloth image and the correlation parameter that influences the digital picture gray-scale value all can show in (1) shooting process; (2) have the hand adjustment shoot function, can regulate the image taking parameter according to the environment actual conditions; (3) for reaching the accuracy requirement of test result, camera should have the resolution of 4,000,000 pixels at least.(4) surpass 300000cd/m as the high-high brightness in the shooting environmental
2, then should mate the calibrated neutral colour filter of corresponding process; (5) highly sensitive, can take brightness is 0.3cd/m
2Environment.(6) can join corresponding fish eye lens.(7) carrier of camera light information is stable, and is easy, accurate to the mode of computing machine input.
At present preferred camera is a digital camera.
System has following function: (1) tests out the brightness of arbitrfary point on Luminance Distribution, high-high brightness, minimum brightness, mean flow rate and the object in the environment specified scope; (2) can draw Luminance Distribution condition diagram in the test environment (by differential); (3) test out chromaticity coordinates (x, the y of arbitrfary point in the environment; U, v), the mean color coordinates in a certain scope; (4) environment dazzle situation is estimated; (5) test out in the environment certain any planar illumination, cylinder illumination, scalar illumination (spherical illumination); (6) test out in the environment a certain light source (or reflecting surface) to the illumination of measuring point; (7) test out the Illumination Distribution of appointed area within sweep of the eye; (8) angle of dazzle source and sight line (location that comprises other points); (9) can build in the actual measurement of coefficient of lighting; (10) can draw the occlusion effect (comprise be in the light and reflect) of shelter in the environment; (11) can measure the light distribution characteristic of Projecting Lamp; (12) actual measurement of buildings sunshine-duration or the like.To whole hemisphere sky, can both carry out greatly by the little basic size that can differentiate to digital camera for the measured target thing.
The present invention has following advantage and beneficial effect compared with prior art: (1) these obtainable a lot of content measurements of system are that conventional instrument is beyond one's reach, as: when light source is measured the Luminance Distribution of moment when changing; Under the multiple light courcess irradiation, can measure the brightness value that a certain light source forms measuring point; Can measure coefficient of lighting under the full cloudy day at fine day; Can measure the situation or the like at sunshine in winter in summer.(2) precision height.The minimal visual angle that general nitometer is preferably surveyed is 1 °, and the minimal visual angle of native system can reach 0.001°。(3) easy and simple to handle.At present precision higher brightness meter is moved inconvenience, usually also will be with AC power, as long as and native system at the scene with a slight camera.Testing procedure is simple in addition, and general personnel all can be competent at.(4) test parameter is complete.General instrument is only to survey one or two parameter, and utilizes whole parameters that native system almost can the focus ring border to test, and most of parameter can obtain in once complete test process.(5) be convenient to storage.Test result can be kept in the storage medium with textual form or image format, is convenient to call.(6) economy.It is all very fast that digital camera and computing machine quality improve the speed of upgrading at present, and volume is little, and price constantly drops.The price of total system hardware is a 1/3-1/4 of nitometer preferably, and function substantially exceeds nitometer preferably.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a building luminous environment testing research system architecture synoptic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the characteristic curve example of digital camera through drawing after demarcating among the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a total system software section structure flow chart among the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a system calibrating process flow diagram flow chart among the present invention;
Fig. 5 is brightness and a chromaticity coordinates computation process process flow diagram among the present invention;
Fig. 6 is that illumination is calculated process flow diagram flow chart among the present invention;
Fig. 7 is a dazzle computation process process flow diagram among the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the luminous intensity distribution computation process process flow diagram of test Projecting Lamp among the present invention;
Fig. 9 is a coefficient of lighting computation process process flow diagram among the present invention;
Figure 10 be among the present invention sunshine the test process process flow diagram;
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with principle and accompanying drawing:
(1) demarcate camera: need the logarithmic code camera to demarcate before testing, method is: take respectively at A light source and D with this camera
65The image of standard color card under the light source utilizes the chromaticity coordinates of Standard colour board to come the chromaticity coordinates of colour table in the image is demarcated then.By image processing software that weaves or R, G, the B value of utilizing some commercialization image processing softwares (as PHOTOSHOP etc.) reading images, find out the relational expression of R, G, B value and CIE psychrometric colour specification XYZ value:
X＝a1R+b1G+c1B
Y＝a2R+b2G+c2B
A1, b1, c1, a2, b2, c2, a3, b3, the coefficient of c3 in Z=a3R+b3G+c3B (1) formula for demarcating.Wherein, gradation of image value D just equals chromaticity coordinates Y value, and therefore following formula is arranged:
D=a2R+b2G+c2B (2) adopts camera point to known brightness under different apertures and time shutter of choosing to take, and aperture and time shutter used when writing down each width of cloth image taking are also imported computing machine with this image.Read R, G, the B value of known brightness each point on image, draw this gray-scale value D (X, Y) with (2) formula.Calculate corresponding exposure H (X, Y) according to the known brightness L of this point (X, Y), aperture F and time shutter T, the exposure formula is herein:
H (X, Y)=L (X, Y) * T/F
2(3) the gray-scale value D (X, Y) of each point in every width of cloth image and the logarithm value of corresponding exposure H (X, Y) are noted one by one, utilize statistical and analytical tool to simulate relation (Fig. 2) between them, wherein straight-line segment is the application section of test, the formula of straight-line segment is as follows, is the foundation of further calculating.
D(X，Y)＝f[H(X，Y)] (4)
(2) survey brightness value and chromaticity coordinates: adopt and demarcate good digital camera pickup light ambient image, and note aperture and time shutter when taking.With image input picture disposal system, system according to R, the G of image, B value and (1) formula calculate chromaticity coordinates (x, y) with (u, v), computing formula is as follows:
x＝X/(X+Y+Z)，
y＝Y/(X+Y+Z)，
u＝4X/(X+15Y+3Z)，
V=6X/ (X+15Y+3Z) (5) is according to R, G, B value and (2) formula of image, system-computed is published picture as gray scale D, there has been D utilization (4) formula just can calculate exposure H, the aperture F and the time shutter T of record when last basis (3) formula and shooting, judge it is then to obtain the measuring point brightness value according to figure (2), otherwise answer conversion aperture or time shutter photographic images again according to formula (4) at straight-line segment.
(3) survey dazzle: (2) measure designated light source and the brightness of background on every side thereof at first set by step.Secondly the employing and the fish-eye image space of camera coupling are calibrated, method is: utilize fish eye lens to take the space of known angle, find out the imaging law of this camera lens according to fish eye images.Be placed on measuring point with the fish eye lens of having demarcated,, determine that direction of visual lines determines the relative position of designated light source and direction of visual lines according to calibration value to photographs 360 degree flake images.After dazzle source brightness value and position are determined, just can carry out appraisal of glare according to selected dazzle computing formula.
(4) survey illumination and luminance component: be placed on the face to be illuminated demarcating good digital camera, take the image in hemisphere space with fish eye lens.Find out image and go up locus and its brightness value of arbitrary picture element,, calculate this point the formed brightness value in measured point according to solid angle projection theorem (formula 6).
E＝Lwcos(θ) (6)
E is the measuring point brightness value in the formula, and L is a light-source brightness, and W is the light source solid angle, and θ is incident light and face to be illuminated normal angle.With the formed brightness value of every bit pixel on the image add up the total illumination of this measured point.Get a certain partial-pixel put formed brightness value add up this part light source (or reflecting surface) to the formed luminance component in measured point.According to the solid angle projection theorem, projection gets planar illumination in the plane; Projection gets cylinder illumination on cylinder; Projection gets scalar illumination on sphere.
(5) survey coefficient of lighting: according to the sky models such as fine empty, full cloudy day of CIE regulation, press the panorama picture of fisheye lens position, draw on computers, when surveying indoor certain any coefficient of lighting, camera is placed on this takes the image in hemisphere space with fish eye lens, the image that takes by towards overlapping on the sky model.The daylight opening position is read the sky model this is put formed brightness value from image, the brightness value of this point is put formed brightness value with all-sky to this compare, and draws the immediate component of this coefficient of lighting under this weather condition.From the image that takes, find out the ratio of reflecting component and immediate component, thereby obtain reflecting component and total coefficient of lighting value of coefficient of lighting according to formula (6).
(6) survey the sunshine-duration: the panorama picture of fisheye lens position is pressed at the elevation angle and the position angle of a certain latitude, each season, each time sun, the sun trajectory diagram of the whole year on computers draws, survey certain any sunshine during situation, camera is placed on this point, take the image in hemisphere space with fish eye lens, by towards overlapping on this latitude sun trajectory diagram of the whole year, just can draw time and sunshine-duration that shelter on every side shelters from sunlight from the overlapping figure to the image that takes.
(7) survey light distribution characteristic: place a screen in the darkroom before the Projecting Lamp, screen adopts complete diffused material to make.Screen should be perpendicular to the Projecting Lamp optical axis, and the distance of itself and Projecting Lamp at least should be greater than five times of lamp diameter.Projecting Lamp is incident upon on the screen Luminance Distribution of reading this screen with method (2), the Illumination Distribution that just can draw this screen again according to the reflection coefficient and the formula (7) of screen.
E is a brightness value in E=(L π)/ρ (7) formula, and L is a brightness value, and ρ is the screen material reflection coefficient.The distance that measures screen and Projecting Lamp just can draw the space luminous intensity distribution performance of this Projecting Lamp.
According to the ultimate principle of test, we have adopted following technical software:
As shown in Figure 1, this testing research system mainly comprises camera, computing machine, system software, application software (image processing software), output device etc. at present.
Camera wherein can adopt any model with following performance: time shutter, the aperture size of every width of cloth image and the correlation parameter that influences the digital picture gray-scale value all can show in (1) shooting process; (2) have the hand adjustment shoot function, can be according to environment practical adjustments image taking parameter; (3) for reaching the accuracy requirement of test result, camera should have the resolution of 3,000,000 pixels at least.(4) surpass 300000cd/m as the high-high brightness in the shooting environmental
2, then should mate the calibrated neutral colour filter of corresponding process; (5) highly sensitive, can take brightness is 0.3cd/m
2Environment.(6) can join corresponding fish eye lens.
System software should adopt WINDOWS98 or above version, and computing machine can adopt any type that can move said system software.
Application software is to utilize the image processing software of Visual Basic 6.0 versions exploitation under WINDOWS98, can finish the data processing and the evaluation work of total system.
Fig. 2 is the characteristic curve example of camera through drawing after demarcating.Ordinate D is the gray scale of image among the figure, and abscissa lgH is the logarithm value of exposure H.Curve divides three sections among the figure, and the AB section is under-exposed section or is toe that the CD section is bright section or the title shoulder of exposing.Straight-line segment AB is the main utilization section of shooting, also is the main use section of image processing system, and the slope γ of this straight-line segment claims contrast factor, and it is the key property index of photosensitive material.The difference of straight-line segment abscissa is that lgHC-lgHB generally represents to be called tolerance with L, and it is the usable range of picture examining system exposure.Ordinate D is the gray scale of image among the figure, and abscissa lgH is the logarithm value of exposure H.Generally in image processing process, only get characteristic straight-line segment part, if the corresponding exposure H that finds out drops on outside the tolerance of curve, then should change capture again behind aperture F used when taking and the time shutter T, till exposure H drops in the tolerance.
The structure flow process of total system software (image processing system) part is seen Fig. 3.After test assignment was finished, camera records digital picture can directly deposit the computing machine relevant position in for processing.Operational system if system embeds calibration result, just can directly be carried out follow-up subsystem and move and obtain the dependence test parameter.If do not carry out aforesaid operations, just require system to demarcate the operation of subprocess, Fig. 4 is seen in operating process.
In the calibration process of system, at first will gather good standard color card image and call in the calibration system, and the acquisition parameters of every width of cloth image will be imported, then extract image R, G, the B value of each several part color in the standard color card image.According to the gray-scale value of gained, system-computed go out the brightness of image value of respective color and chromaticity coordinates (x, y, z).System compares the pattern colour coordinate with the standard colors coordinate, if the coincidence loss requirement is just directly carried out next step operation; If do not meet the requirements, system feeds back to the prime formula that colour chart calculates as colourity with the result, and this formula is revised the back repeat chromaticity coordinates computation process, until the result who calculates in the error allowed band.After colour chart was demarcated end as colourity, system then demarcated the brightness value of image, adopts corresponding algorithm that final computing formula is carried out match according to last calibration result system.All formula (brightness calculation and chromaticity coordinates calculate) that match and calibration are come out store system's assigned address into by standard format and call for computation process at last.
After carrying out calibration process, system changes each functional parameter over to and calculates subprocess.Whole big system comprises 5 most of subsystems.Selective system #1 can carry out brightness, chromaticity coordinates and calculate calculating such as Fig. 7 as Fig. 5 and dazzle.
Brightness, colourity test process are as follows:
With the image and the acquisition parameters input system of gathering in the test process, if calibration system was carried out new calibration process before this, result's (computing formula) that system must come out calibration earlier carries out embedding operation.Width of cloth scanning is pursued to image by system, calculates corresponding light parameter (brightness and chromaticity coordinates) in this process simultaneously.Situation according to the parameter of gained, system detects test result, whether the each point exposure is in the linearity range (see figure 2) in the spot check image, if do not obtain meeting the result of test request, system then returns said process and scans mending altimetric image, until if do not obtain meeting the result of test request, system then returns process and scans mending altimetric image, until the result by detection.Select the whole luminance parameter that test result is described and will scans among the qualified result to carry out classification, just can draw out the same fixedly colour code contact of each grade parameter the intensity map of test target.Select the partial descriptions test result,, just can draw any any chromaticity coordinates and brightness value in the image if the optical parameter that will scan among the qualified result is corresponding with the relevant position; The coexist arbitrary region position chosen on the image of the optical parameter of scanning among the qualified result is corresponding, just can draw maximum, minimum, mean flow rate and the mean color coordinates of arbitrary region on the image.
The glare tester process is as follows:
At first determine the brightness in dazzle source by brightness calculation program such as Fig. 5; Used panorama picture of fisheye lens rule formula in the input test process then, formula is drawn with mouse and is decided direction of visual lines in view of the above, and it is the position (elevation angle, position angle) that benchmark just can be determined the dazzle source that direction of visual lines has been arranged; The dazzle source after selecting out, zone occupied on the image is carried out the calculating of solid angle.Utilize above-mentioned three aspect parameters to select out suitable dazzle model, carry out glare tester then according to specific requirement.
Selective system #2 can carry out calculating such as Fig. 6 of illumination index, and the illumination test process is as follows:
With the image and the acquisition parameters input system of gathering in the test process, if calibration system was carried out new calibration process before this, result's (computing formula) that system must come out calibration earlier carries out embedding operation.Width of cloth scanning is pursued to image by system, and calculates the corresponding light parameter.According to the situation of gained parameter, whether the each point exposure is in the linearity range (see figure 2) in system's pointwise detected image, if do not obtain meeting the result of test request, system then returns said process and scans mending altimetric image, all passes through to detect until required each point.Satisfactory result is imported the illumination computing system, just can carry out illumination on request and calculate.Select to calculate the illumination of certain point position,, can obtain general illumination index (horizontal illumination, vertical illumination, cylinder illumination and scalar illumination) if adopt whole scan-datas to calculate; If adopt the scan-data of specific part to calculate, can obtain the component of the illumination index (horizontal illumination, vertical illumination, cylinder illumination and scalar illumination) of part generation thus.Select to calculate the illumination situation in a certain zone, at first need to convert by the reflective situation of test scene, on image, select arbitrary region with mouse then, can carry out the calculating of illumination maximum, minimum and mean value in the zone scanning qualified optical parameter; To the classification of selection area illumination, just Illumination Distribution figure can be drawn out.
Selective system #3, the luminous intensity distribution test that can carry out Projecting Lamp is as Fig. 8, and the luminous intensity distribution test process is as follows:
With the image and the acquisition parameters input system of gathering in the test process, carry out image scanning according to Projecting Lamp space luminous intensity distribution distribution situation.To scanning result (brightness) check, if qualified (the analyzing spot exposure is all at linear section) just down the step calculate, as if defective (having the analyzing spot exposure) images acquired again then not at linear section.Input Projecting Lamp measuring distance, light projector screen reflection coefficient just can finally be converted to luminous intensity with brightness.Luminous intensity has been arranged, just distribution curve flux can have been drawn at last.
Select the #4 of system, can carry out test such as Fig. 9 of coefficient of lighting, the coefficient of lighting test process is as follows:
With the image and the acquisition parameters input system of gathering in the test process.Go out the measuring point illumination that all-sky produces as light source according to the sky Model Calculation; Utilize the good sky model group of the inner foundation of qualified test pattern homologous ray to lump together and determine daylight opening brightness and its position, calculate the illumination of daylight opening then as the measuring point of light source generation; Above-mentioned two brightness values are compared the immediate component that just can draw coefficient of lighting.Carry out the illumination of measuring point according to test pattern and calculate, draw the measuring point brightness value (reflection illumination) under measuring point brightness value under the daylight opening effect (directly illumination) and indoor each reflecting surface effect respectively, determine both ratio then.Utilize the immediate component of coefficient of lighting just can calculate the reflecting component of coefficient of lighting according to the aforementioned calculation result, two components are combined just obtain total coefficient of lighting at last.
Selective system #5 can carry out the test at sunshine and calculate as Figure 10, and sunshine, test process was as follows:
With the image input system of gathering in the test process.According to test pattern determine buildings towards; Call out the track of sun figure of corresponding locality according to the geographic latitude value of testing location; Track of sun just can be calculated the annual sunshine-duration of measuring point with combining towards data.
After executing certain functional parameter calculating subprocess,, can return and reselect if want to continue to calculate other parameter.If do not want to continue, then can withdraw from.
Claims (2)
1. a method that adopts image processing techniques test light environmental system is characterized in that system comprises camera, computing machine, fish eye lens; At first utilize standard color card that system is demarcated: will gather good standard color card image and call in the calibration system, and with the input of the acquisition parameters of every width of cloth image, then extract R, G, the B value of each standard color card image, and with the machine-readable respectively brightness that goes out each colour atla of brightness; R, G, B value according to gained calculate the relational expression of R, G, B value and chromaticity coordinates (x, y, z), and simulate the brightness of ganmma controller value and object and the relational expression and the range ability of exposure; After demarcating, gather luminous environment information, store the storer of computing machine into by standard format, after treatment required parameter, the measurement of native system luminous environment comprises following content:
(1). the method for testing of brightness, chromaticity coordinates and dazzle: image and acquisition parameters input computing machine with camera is taken, according to the system calibration formula, width of cloth detection is pursued in the pointwise of claps image, all in range, then visual qualified until each impact point; Utilize qualified test pattern, can calculate the each point brightness and the chromaticity coordinates of test target; Select the partial descriptions test result, the optical parameter among the qualified result of scanning is corresponding with the relevant position, just can draw any any chromaticity coordinates and brightness value in the image; The coexist arbitrary region position chosen on the image of the optical parameter of scanning among the qualified result is corresponding, just can draw maximum, minimum, mean flow rate and the mean color coordinates of arbitrary region on the image;
The glare tester process is as follows: at first determine the brightness of dazzle source and background by the brightness calculation program; Import panorama picture of fisheye lens rule formula then, draw and decide direction of visual lines, formula is determined the position of dazzle source with respect to sight line in view of the above; The calculating of solid angle is carried out in the dazzle source after zone occupied on the image is selected out, selected out suitable dazzle index, carry out dazzle then and calculate;
(2). the method for testing of illumination: with the image in fish eye lens shooting hemisphere space, find out image and go up the locus of each picture element and the brightness value that is drawn,, calculate this point to the formed brightness value in measured point according to the solid angle projection theorem; With the formed brightness value of every bit pixel on the image add up the total illumination of this measured point; Get a certain partial-pixel put formed brightness value add up this part light source (or reflecting surface) to the formed luminance component in measured point; According to the solid angle projection theorem, projection gets planar illumination in the plane; Projection gets cylinder illumination on cylinder; Projection gets scalar illumination on sphere;
(3) method of testing of Projecting Lamp luminous intensity distribution: at Projecting Lamp anterior branch one screen, screen material is complete diffused, Projecting Lamp is incident upon on the screen, read the Luminance Distribution of the last hot spot of this screen with said method, calculate the Illumination Distribution of this screen again according to the reflection coefficient of screen, the distance that measures screen and Projecting Lamp draws the luminous intensity distribution performance of this Projecting Lamp;
(4). the method for testing of coefficient of lighting: making the sky illustraton of model and calculate all-sky according to sky model and flake imaging law is the illumination intensity of light source value.Fish eye images and acquisition parameters that camera is taken at measuring point are imported computing machine, system detected qualified test pattern homologous ray is inner to be set up good sky illustraton of model and combine and determine daylight opening brightness and its position, calculate the illumination of the measuring point that daylight opening produces as light source then; Above-mentioned two brightness values are compared the immediate component that just can draw coefficient of lighting; Carry out the illumination of measuring point according to test pattern and calculate, draw the measuring point brightness value (reflection illumination) under measuring point brightness value under the daylight opening effect (directly illumination) and indoor each reflecting surface effect respectively, determine both ratio then; Utilize the immediate component of coefficient of lighting just can calculate the reflecting component of coefficient of lighting according to the aforementioned calculation result, two components are combined just obtain total coefficient of lighting at last;
(5). the method for sunshine test: the fish eye images input computing machine that camera is taken, and determine test pattern towards; Geographic latitude value according to testing location calls out corresponding track of sun figure; According to just calculating the annual sunshine-duration of measuring point towards track of sun figure is combined with each other with the flake image of clapping;
2. a kind of method that adopts image processing techniques test light environmental system as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described camera should have the resolution of 4,000,000 pixels at least; Surpass 300000cd/m as the high-high brightness in the shooting environmental
2, then should mate the calibrated neutral colour filter of corresponding process.
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| JP4419393B2 (en) * | 2003-01-15 | 2010-02-24 | パナソニック株式会社 | Information display apparatus and information processing apparatus |
| KR100728113B1 (en) | 2005-10-20 | 2007-06-13 | 삼성에스디아이 주식회사 | Stereoscopic display device and driving method thereof |
| CN101436360B (en) * | 2008-12-10 | 2010-06-02 | 华中科技大学 | Assistant experiment teaching aid for space cognition and light environment simulation |
| CN101858781B (en) * | 2010-06-09 | 2011-12-14 | 天津大学 | Residential district night light environment detection system based on remote vehicle-mounted platform |
| CN102052965B (en) * | 2010-11-09 | 2012-01-04 | 天津大学 | Remote control vehicle-mounted platform-based method for detecting residential district luminous environment at night |
| CN102183301B (en) * | 2011-02-16 | 2013-03-27 | 长春理工大学 | Portable type unified glare measuring apparatus |
| CN103512866A (en) * | 2012-06-26 | 2014-01-15 | 安徽省产品质量监督检验研究院 | Lighting performance detection system for building doors and windows |
| CN103063310A (en) * | 2013-01-18 | 2013-04-24 | 岑夏凤 | Non-contact type color measurement method and non-contact type color measurement device based on digital technology |
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| CN104697629B (en) * | 2015-03-26 | 2017-02-01 | 何志波 | Lighting environment measurement method based on image analysis |
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| CN105911614B (en) * | 2016-07-04 | 2018-08-07 | 南通大学 | A kind of sunshine time computational methods based on data buffer storage |
| CN107588931A (en) * | 2017-08-29 | 2018-01-16 | 上海复光竞成科技有限公司 | More scene glare tester methods |
| US10580385B2 (en) * | 2018-06-11 | 2020-03-03 | Hung-Cheng Kuo | Method for enhancing luminance uniformity of a display panel |
| CN109387281A (en) * | 2018-12-24 | 2019-02-26 | 上海昊瞻智能科技有限公司 | The luminosity with Real-time Feedback monitors system in luminous environment simulation |
| CN113840135B (en) * | 2021-09-03 | 2023-10-20 | 大连中科创达软件有限公司 | Color cast detection method, device, equipment and storage medium |
| CN116540293B (en) * | 2023-06-28 | 2023-09-26 | 赛诺威盛科技(北京)股份有限公司 | Method, device and system for testing detector |
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