CN116152016A - Power distribution network fault positioning method, device, equipment and storage medium - Google Patents

Power distribution network fault positioning method, device, equipment and storage medium Download PDF

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CN116152016A
CN116152016A CN202310416353.9A CN202310416353A CN116152016A CN 116152016 A CN116152016 A CN 116152016A CN 202310416353 A CN202310416353 A CN 202310416353A CN 116152016 A CN116152016 A CN 116152016A
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node
current
fault current
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张磐
徐科
郑悦
张腾飞
周霞
王录泽
王源浩
刘明祥
吴磊
庞超
陈沼宇
孙建东
蔡月明
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
State Grid Tianjin Electric Power Co Ltd
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Tianjin Electric Power Co Ltd
Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications
NARI Nanjing Control System Co Ltd
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
State Grid Tianjin Electric Power Co Ltd
Electric Power Research Institute of State Grid Tianjin Electric Power Co Ltd
Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications
NARI Nanjing Control System Co Ltd
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Abstract

The invention discloses a fault positioning method, device, equipment and storage medium for a power distribution network, which divide areas according to the topological structure of the power distribution network; constructing an area fault judgment formula according to kirchhoff current law for determining fault control areas, and performing fault coarse positioning on each fault control area to obtain a fault feeder line section set; for each set of faulty feeder sections, determining the faulty feeder section with the smallest information distortion according to the fault current vector as a target faulty feeder section; the fault current vector is the current information of the fault control area where the fault feeder line section set is located. According to the embodiment of the invention, the distribution network is divided into the areas, the rough positioning of the fault sections is respectively carried out on each area, and then the feeder line section with the smallest information distortion is screened out as the fault point, so that the problem of easy sinking into a local optimal solution is solved, and the rapid and accurate positioning of the power faults of the distribution network is realized.

Description

Power distribution network fault positioning method, device, equipment and storage medium
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of fault detection technologies, and in particular, to a method, an apparatus, a device, and a storage medium for locating a fault of a power distribution network.
Background
An important goal of power distribution network construction is to improve power supply reliability, and feeder automation is an important technical means for improving power supply reliability of a power distribution network. When a line fails, the power distribution terminal can automatically judge the failure, automatically isolate the failure area and complete the power restoration of the feeder area of the power distribution network.
At present, common methods for locating feeder faults of a power distribution network include matrix algorithms and intelligent algorithms. The matrix algorithm is to represent the network topology structure and fault overcurrent information provided by the FTU (Feeder Terminal Unit, feeder terminal device) in a matrix form, and perform fault location after proper calculation processing; however, as the scale of the power distribution network is increasingly enlarged, the number of network nodes is increasingly increased, and the dimensions of the network description matrix, the fault information matrix and the fault decision matrix in the matrix algorithm are also increased, so that the calculation time is long, the rapid positioning of the fault cannot be realized, the fault tolerance of the matrix algorithm is low, and the accurate positioning of the fault can be influenced by the information distortion. The intelligent algorithm is based on a state approximation idea and a minimum fault diagnosis set theoretical modeling, and an optimal solution positioning fault section is obtained through ordered iterative search of the algorithm, and the intelligent algorithm is good in fault tolerance but easily falls into a local optimal solution.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention aims to provide a power distribution network fault positioning method, device, equipment and storage medium, which are used for realizing rapid and accurate positioning of power faults of a power distribution network by firstly dividing the power distribution network into areas and respectively coarsely positioning fault sections in each area, and then screening feeder line sections with the smallest information distortion as fault points, wherein the problem of easy local optimal solution is solved.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for locating a fault in a power distribution network, including:
according to the acquired topological structure of the power distribution network, carrying out regional division to obtain a plurality of management and control regions;
judging the control area meeting the following formula as a fault control area:
Figure SMS_1
；（1）
wherein ,
Figure SMS_2
representing the current phasor amplitude of the control area t, for example>
Figure SMS_3
The minimum value of short-circuit current detected by all nodes in a management and control area t is represented, r is a set threshold value, the nodes are segment switches provided with feeder terminal devices, and the feeder terminal devices are used for collecting current information;
performing fault coarse positioning on each fault control area to obtain a fault feeder line section set;
aiming at each fault feeder line section set, solving and obtaining a fault feeder line section with the minimum information distortion according to the acquired fault current vector to serve as a target fault feeder line section; the fault current vector is current information of a fault management and control area where the fault feeder line section set is located.
As an improvement of the above solution, for each faulty feeder section set, the solving, according to the obtained fault current vector, the faulty feeder section with the smallest information distortion amount, to be the target faulty feeder section includes:
the fault positioning problem is equivalent to a problem of solving the minimum value of an objective function, wherein the objective function is as follows:
Figure SMS_4
；（2）
wherein ,
Figure SMS_5
information distortion quantity representing fault feeder line section, A represents node information report missing quantity, B 1 Representing the number of forward false alarms of node information, B 2 The method comprises the steps that the number of negative false alarms of node information is represented, the missing alarm of the node information indicates that a node has fault current but the feeder terminal device does not report, the positive false alarm of the node information indicates that a fault current in a negative direction or a fault current of the node does not have fault current but is wrongly reported as a fault current in a positive direction, and the negative false alarm of the node information indicates that a fault current in a positive direction or a fault current of the node does not have fault current but is wrongly reported as a fault current in a negative direction;
Figure SMS_6
、
Figure SMS_7
、
Figure SMS_8
respectively->
Figure SMS_9
、
Figure SMS_10
、
Figure SMS_11
The weight of (2) is calculated as follows:
Figure SMS_12
；（3）
wherein ,
Figure SMS_13
the value range is 0.1-0.2 for the preset missing report probability;
Figure SMS_14
Is a preset probability of forward false positive,
Figure SMS_15
the value ranges of the positive false positive probability and the negative false positive probability are 0.05-0.1 for the preset negative false positive probability;
Based on an event mutual exclusion principle, false alarm missing report information is obtained according to the fault current vector analysis;
solving A, B according to the false alarm missing report information and the following formula 1 and B2 ：
Figure SMS_16
；（4）
Where n represents the number of nodes within the fault management area,
Figure SMS_18
indicating false alarm of fault current in the actual positive direction of node j as no fault current, +.>
Figure SMS_22
Indicating false alarm of fault current in the actual negative direction of node j as no fault current, +.>
Figure SMS_25
Indicating that the actual fault-free current of node j is misinterpreted as the fault current in the positive direction, +.>
Figure SMS_19
Error reporting of the fault current in the actual negative direction of node j as the fault current in the positive direction,/->
Figure SMS_21
Error reporting of the fault current in the positive direction of node j as the fault current in the negative direction is indicated,/->
Figure SMS_24
The actual fault-free current of the node j is wrongly reported as the fault current in the negative direction; when->
Figure SMS_26
If true, the value is 1, if notThen take 0, when->
Figure SMS_17
When true, the value is 1, otherwise 0 is taken, when +.>
Figure SMS_23
When true, the value is 1, otherwise 0 is taken, when +.>
Figure SMS_27
When true, the value is 1, otherwise 0 is taken, when +.>
Figure SMS_28
When true, the value is 1, otherwise 0 is taken, when +.>
Figure SMS_20
If true, the value is 1, otherwise, 0 is taken;
a, B to be solved 1 、B 2 Substituting the objective function to solve and obtain a fault feeder line section with the minimum information distortion;
And taking the fault feeder line section with the smallest information distortion amount as a target fault feeder line section.
As an improvement of the above solution, the performing fault coarse positioning for each fault management and control area to obtain a fault feeder line section set specifically includes:
for each fault control area, starting searching in a downstream direction by an upstream node until a node of which the fault current information is not in a positive direction is searched to be used as a fault starting node, starting searching in an upstream direction from an end node until a node of which the fault current information is in a positive direction is searched to be used as a fault ending node; wherein all feeder sections between adjacent upstream nodes of the fault initiation node to the fault end node constitute a set of faulty feeder sections.
As an improvement of the above-described scheme, the objective function is obtained by:
constructing a reliability network model for the power distribution network; wherein, aiming at each fault control area, the collected current information is encoded to form a fault current vector
Figure SMS_29
，
Figure SMS_30
N represents the number of nodes in the fault management and control area; setting the operation state vector of the feeder line section of the distribution network to +.>
Figure SMS_31
，
Figure SMS_32
M represents the number of feeder sections of the distribution network; component in C- >
Figure SMS_33
The numbering meanings and->
Figure SMS_34
Component (S)>
Figure SMS_35
The numbering of (c) is as follows:
Figure SMS_36
；（5）
Figure SMS_37
；（6）
establishing probability constraint conditions: the probability of distortion of the fault current information acquired by each feeder terminal device is equal; the probability of power failure of any feeder line section in the power distribution network is the same; the probability of two or more power failures occurring in the same feeder section is zero;
the posterior probability of the power failure of the section under the prior probability of the failure current is obtained through a decision tree theory:
Figure SMS_38
；（7）
wherein ,
Figure SMS_39
is an operating state vector of->
Figure SMS_40
Probability of->
Figure SMS_41
Posterior probability of power failure for a segment, +.>
Figure SMS_42
For detecting a fault current vector of the branch line +.>
Figure SMS_43
I.e., the prior probability of a power failure of a segment;
Figure SMS_44
in order to detect the fault current vector of the branch line as +.>
Figure SMS_45
Probability of (2);
posterior probability
Figure SMS_46
Dependent on->
Figure SMS_47
According to the probability of the mutually independent events occurring simultaneously, the method comprises the following steps:
Figure SMS_48
；（8）
wherein ,
Figure SMS_49
is an operating state vector of->
Figure SMS_50
When the current information of the corresponding feeder section is encoded +.>
Figure SMS_51
Probability of (2);
assume that when the power distribution network has power failure, the probabilities of missing report, forward false report and reverse false report of the feeder terminal device are respectively
Figure SMS_52
、
Figure SMS_53
、
Figure SMS_54
The following steps are:
Figure SMS_55
Figure SMS_56
；（9）
wherein ,
Figure SMS_59
is->
Figure SMS_63
Is->
Figure SMS_67
To the power of (I)>
Figure SMS_57
Is->
Figure SMS_61
Is->
Figure SMS_65
To the power of (I)>
Figure SMS_68
Is->
Figure SMS_60
Is->
Figure SMS_62
To the power of (I)>
Figure SMS_66
For the number of nodes in the fault-controlled area, +.>
Figure SMS_70
For fault current vector->
Figure SMS_71
The number of 0' in the report comprises two cases of report missing and real report, and the number of report missing is +.>
Figure SMS_75
Probability of->
Figure SMS_80
The number of true reports of "0" is +.>
Figure SMS_84
Probability of->
Figure SMS_74
；
Figure SMS_78
For fault current vector->
Figure SMS_81
The number of 1' in the method comprises two cases of forward false alarm and real report, wherein the number of forward false alarm is +.>
Figure SMS_83
Probability of->
Figure SMS_58
The number of true reports of "1" is +.>
Figure SMS_64
Probability of->
Figure SMS_69
；
Figure SMS_73
For fault current vector->
Figure SMS_72
The number of the '1' in the method comprises two cases of reverse false alarm and real report, wherein the number of the reverse false alarm is +.>
Figure SMS_76
Probability of->
Figure SMS_79
The number of true reports of "-1" is +.>
Figure SMS_82
Probability of->
Figure SMS_77
；
Calculated by the formula (4)
Figure SMS_85
、
Figure SMS_86
、
Figure SMS_87
；
Taking the logarithm of the two ends of the formula (9):
Figure SMS_88
Figure SMS_89
；（10）
due to fault current coding
Figure SMS_90
According to the actual detection value, therefore +.>
Figure SMS_91
and
Figure SMS_92
All are constants, and the fault section with the maximum solving occurrence probability is equivalently converted into the problem of solving the minimum value of the first three terms, so that the objective function of the formula (2) is obtained.
As an improvement of the above solution, the method is executed by a management and control node, and the dividing the area according to the acquired topology structure of the power distribution network to obtain a plurality of management and control areas includes:
Starting searching from a main power supply of the power distribution network, and setting a node as a management node when detecting that the outgoing line in the downstream direction of the node is greater than 1 until all nodes of the power distribution network are traversed; the downstream direction is the direction from the main power supply of the power distribution network to the tail end of the feeder line, and the upstream direction is opposite to the downstream direction;
setting other nodes except the control node as controlled nodes, wherein the control node is responsible for controlling all the controlled nodes between the downstream direction of the control node and the upstream direction of the downstream control node adjacent to the control node; the control node closest to the main power supply of the power distribution network also controls the controlled node in the upstream direction;
and forming an independent control area by the control node and the corresponding controlled node.
To achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a fault location device for a power distribution network, including:
the regional division module is used for carrying out regional division according to the acquired topological structure of the power distribution network to obtain a plurality of management and control regions;
the fault region judging module is used for judging that the management and control region meeting the following formula is a fault management and control region:
Figure SMS_93
；（1）
wherein ,
Figure SMS_94
representing the current phasor amplitude of the control area t, for example >
Figure SMS_95
Representing the place within the regulatory region tThe method comprises the steps that a minimum value of short-circuit current detected by a node is set, r is a threshold value, the node is a sectional switch provided with a feeder terminal device, and the feeder terminal device is used for collecting current information;
the fault coarse positioning module is used for performing fault coarse positioning on each fault control area to obtain a fault feeder line section set;
the fault fine positioning module is used for solving and obtaining a fault feeder line section with the minimum information distortion according to the acquired fault current vector aiming at each fault feeder line section set to serve as a target fault feeder line section; the fault current vector is current information of a fault management and control area where the fault feeder line section set is located.
As an improvement of the above scheme, the fault fine positioning module is specifically configured to:
the fault positioning problem is equivalent to a problem of solving the minimum value of an objective function, wherein the objective function is as follows:
Figure SMS_96
；（2）/>
wherein ,
Figure SMS_97
information distortion quantity representing fault feeder line section, A represents node information report missing quantity, B 1 Representing the number of forward false alarms of node information, B 2 The method comprises the steps that the number of negative false alarms of node information is represented, the missing alarm of the node information indicates that a node has fault current but the feeder terminal device does not report, the positive false alarm of the node information indicates that a fault current in a negative direction or a fault current of the node does not have fault current but is wrongly reported as a fault current in a positive direction, and the negative false alarm of the node information indicates that a fault current in a positive direction or a fault current of the node does not have fault current but is wrongly reported as a fault current in a negative direction;
Figure SMS_98
Respectively->
Figure SMS_99
Weight of (1), which calculates the common formulaThe formula is as follows:
Figure SMS_100
；（3）
wherein ,
Figure SMS_101
the value range is 0.1-0.2 for the preset missing report probability;
Figure SMS_102
For a predetermined forward false positive probability, +.>
Figure SMS_103
The value ranges of the positive false positive probability and the negative false positive probability are 0.05-0.1 for the preset negative false positive probability;
based on an event mutual exclusion principle, false alarm missing report information is obtained according to the fault current vector analysis;
solving A, B according to the false alarm missing report information and the following formula 1 、B 2 ：
Figure SMS_104
；（4）
Where n represents the number of nodes within the fault management area,
Figure SMS_105
indicating false alarm of fault current in the actual positive direction of node j as no fault current, +.>
Figure SMS_109
Indicating false alarm of fault current in the actual negative direction of node j as no fault current, +.>
Figure SMS_112
Indicating that the actual fault-free current of node j is misinterpreted as the fault current in the positive direction, +.>
Figure SMS_106
Indicating that the fault current in the actual negative direction of node j is misinterpreted as the fault current in the positive direction,
Figure SMS_110
error reporting of the fault current in the positive direction of node j as the fault current in the negative direction is indicated,/->
Figure SMS_113
The actual fault-free current of the node j is wrongly reported as the fault current in the negative direction; when->
Figure SMS_115
When true, the value is 1, otherwise 0 is taken, when +.>
Figure SMS_107
When true, the value is 1, otherwise 0 is taken, when +.>
Figure SMS_111
When true, the value is 1, otherwise 0 is taken, when +. >
Figure SMS_114
When true, the value is 1, otherwise 0 is taken, when +.>
Figure SMS_116
When true, the value is 1, otherwise 0 is taken, when +.>
Figure SMS_108
If true, the value is 1, otherwise, 0 is taken;
a, B to be solved 1 、B 2 Substituting the objective function to solve and obtain a fault feeder line section with the minimum information distortion;
and taking the fault feeder line section with the smallest information distortion amount as a target fault feeder line section.
As an improvement of the above scheme, the fault coarse positioning module is specifically configured to:
for each fault control area, starting searching in a downstream direction by an upstream node until a node of which the fault current information is not in a positive direction is searched to be used as a fault starting node, starting searching in an upstream direction from an end node until a node of which the fault current information is in a positive direction is searched to be used as a fault ending node; wherein all feeder sections between adjacent upstream nodes of the fault initiation node to the fault end node constitute a set of faulty feeder sections.
To achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a power distribution network fault location device, including a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor, where the processor executes the computer program to implement the power distribution network fault location method according to any one of the embodiments.
To achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a computer readable storage medium, where the computer readable storage medium includes a stored computer program, and when the computer program runs, controls a device where the computer readable storage medium is located to execute the fault location method for the power distribution network according to any one of the embodiments.
Compared with the prior art, the power distribution network fault positioning method, the device, the equipment and the computer readable storage medium disclosed by the embodiment of the invention obtain a plurality of management and control areas by dividing the areas according to the acquired topology structure of the power distribution network; constructing an area fault judgment formula according to kirchhoff current law to determine fault control areas, and performing fault coarse positioning on each fault control area to obtain a fault feeder line section set; aiming at each fault feeder line section set, solving the fault feeder line section with the minimum information distortion according to the acquired fault current vector to serve as a target fault feeder line section; the fault current vector is the current information of the fault control area where the fault feeder line section set is located. According to the embodiment of the invention, the power distribution network is divided into the areas, the rough positioning of the fault sections is respectively carried out on each area, and then the feeder line section with the smallest information distortion is screened out to serve as the fault point, so that the problem of easy sinking into a local optimal solution is solved, and the rapid and accurate positioning of the power failure of the power distribution network is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for locating a fault in a power distribution network according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a topology structure of a power distribution network according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a reliability network model of a power distribution network according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1, a flowchart of a power distribution network fault positioning method provided by an embodiment of the present invention includes steps S1 to S4:
s1, dividing areas according to the acquired topological structure of the power distribution network to obtain a plurality of management and control areas;
s2, judging the management and control area meeting the following formula as a fault management and control area:
Figure SMS_117
；（1）
wherein ,
Figure SMS_118
representing the current phasor amplitude of the control area t, for example >
Figure SMS_119
The minimum value of short-circuit current detected by all nodes in a management and control area t is represented, r is a set threshold value, the nodes are segment switches provided with feeder terminal devices, and the feeder terminal devices are used for collecting current information;
s3, performing fault coarse positioning on each fault control area to obtain a fault feeder line section set;
s4, solving and obtaining a fault feeder line section with the minimum information distortion according to the acquired fault current vector aiming at each fault feeder line section set to serve as a target fault feeder line section; the fault current vector is current information of a fault management and control area where the fault feeder line section set is located.
Referring to fig. 2 for exemplary purposes, fig. 2 is a schematic topology diagram of a power distribution network according to an embodiment of the present invention,
Figure SMS_120
is a sectionalizer provided with a feeder terminal device (Feeder Terminal Unit, FTU), and the FTU is responsible for collecting current information according to the sectionalizer as a node. In order to improve the overall information transmission efficiency of the power distribution network, the power distribution network is divided into a plurality of control areas, each control area is provided with a control node, and the control nodes are used for carrying out data processing on other nodes (controlled nodes) in the control area to realize parallel processing of data, so that the calculation time is shortened, and the control areas are shown as a control area 1, a control area 2 and a control area 3 in fig. 2.
By way of example, fault localization of the distribution network is divided into two phases, coarse localization and fine localization.
In the coarse positioning stage, under the condition that false alarm and missing report exist in the fault current information acquired by the FTU, a fault control area is positioned first, and then a fault feeder line section is positioned, so that coarse positioning of faults is realized.
First, screening a control area with power failure: judging the relation between the current phasors in the control area and the set threshold according to kirchhoff current law, and judging the control area if the formula (1) is true
Figure SMS_121
A power failure occurs therein; wherein (1)>
Figure SMS_122
For managing the area number, +.>
Figure SMS_123
For managing the area->
Figure SMS_124
Current phasor amplitude, +.>
Figure SMS_125
For controlling the minimum short-circuit current in the region, < >>
Figure SMS_126
In order to set a threshold, the situations of conduction errors, calculation errors and the like of the current transformers in the control area are comprehensively considered, and the threshold is generally set to be 1.1.
Secondly, screening a feeder line section set with power faults: after screening the set of management and control areas with power faults, further screening the set of feeder line sections with power faults in the management and control areas (fault management and control areas). When a power failure occurs, an FTU installed at a sectional switch node detects fault current information of a line, and after the detection of node data is completed, a managed node uploads the detected data information to a corresponding managed node and encodes node overcurrent information according to a formula (6);
The direction of the main power supply of the power distribution network pointing to the end node is the downstream direction, the positive direction is consistent with the downstream direction, and the negative direction is opposite to the downstream direction.
Figure SMS_127
Is->
Figure SMS_128
Node overcurrent information of individual nodes, +.>
Figure SMS_129
The control node encodes the collected overcurrent information according to the sequence from the main power supply from near to far to form a fault current vector of the feeder line branch
Figure SMS_130
。
Under the condition that the FTU has no information distortion, the fault characteristics of the fault current vector obtained by the management and control node are as follows: the fault point upstream node overcurrent information is encoded as "1", which indicates that the fault point is in the downstream direction of the upstream node, the fault point downstream node overcurrent information is encoded as "-1", which indicates that the fault point is in the upstream direction of the downstream node, and the fault section can be determined based on the fault characteristics.
In the fine positioning stage, considering the condition that the FTU has information distortion, constructing a fault probability calculation model, converting the problem of searching a feeder line section with the largest fault probability into the problem of searching a feeder line section with the smallest information distortion, and taking the screened fault feeder line section with the smallest information distortion as a fault point (target fault feeder line section); the fault current vector is current information of a fault management and control area where the fault feeder line section set is located.
Compared with the prior art, the method and the device have the advantages that the distribution network is divided into the areas, the rough positioning of the fault sections is respectively carried out on each area, then the feeder line section with the smallest information distortion is screened out to serve as the fault point, the problem that the local optimal solution is easy to fall in is solved, and the rapid and accurate positioning of the power faults of the distribution network is realized.
In one embodiment, for each faulty feeder section set, the method solves, according to the obtained fault current vector, a faulty feeder section with the smallest information distortion, so as to serve as a target faulty feeder section, and includes:
the fault positioning problem is equivalent to a problem of solving the minimum value of an objective function, wherein the objective function is as follows:
Figure SMS_131
；（2）
wherein ,
Figure SMS_132
information distortion quantity representing fault feeder line section, A represents node information report missing quantity, B 1 Representing the number of forward false alarms of node information, B 2 The number of negative false alarms of the node information is represented, the missing alarm of the node information is represented that the node has fault current but the feeder terminal device is not reported, and the positive false alarm of the node information is represented that the fault current in the negative direction or the node has no fault current but is misreported as positiveThe fault current in the direction, the node information misreports the fault current in the positive direction or the fault current in the negative direction, which is misreported by the node without the fault current, is misreported by the node;
Figure SMS_133
Respectively->
Figure SMS_134
、
Figure SMS_135
The weight of (2) is calculated as follows:
Figure SMS_136
；（3）
wherein ,
Figure SMS_137
the value range is 0.1-0.2 for the preset missing report probability;
Figure SMS_138
For a predetermined forward false positive probability, +.>
Figure SMS_139
The value ranges of the positive false positive probability and the negative false positive probability are 0.05-0.1 for the preset negative false positive probability;
based on an event mutual exclusion principle, false alarm missing report information is obtained according to the fault current vector analysis;
solving A, B according to the false alarm missing report information and the following formula 1 、B 2 ：
Figure SMS_140
；（4）
Where n represents the number of nodes within the fault management area,
Figure SMS_143
indicating false alarm of fault current in the actual positive direction of node j as no fault current, +.>
Figure SMS_146
Indicating false alarm of fault current in the actual negative direction of node j as no fault current, +.>
Figure SMS_149
Indicating that the actual fault-free current of node j is misinterpreted as the fault current in the positive direction, +.>
Figure SMS_144
Error reporting of the fault current in the actual negative direction of node j as the fault current in the positive direction,/->
Figure SMS_145
Error reporting of the fault current in the positive direction of node j as the fault current in the negative direction is indicated,/->
Figure SMS_148
The actual fault-free current of the node j is wrongly reported as the fault current in the negative direction; when->
Figure SMS_151
When true, the value is 1, otherwise 0 is taken, when +.>
Figure SMS_142
When true, the value is 1, otherwise 0 is taken, when +.>
Figure SMS_147
When true, the value is 1, otherwise 0 is taken, when +. >
Figure SMS_150
When true, the value is 1, otherwise 0 is taken, when +.>
Figure SMS_152
When true, the value is 1, otherwise 0 is taken, when +.>
Figure SMS_141
If true, the value is 1, otherwise, 0 is taken;
a, B to be solved 1 and B2 The function of the object is substituted in such a way that,solving and obtaining a fault feeder line section with the minimum information distortion;
and taking the fault feeder line section with the smallest information distortion amount as a target fault feeder line section.
Specifically, firstly, parameters are defined, and the node overcurrent information acquired and transmitted by the FTU is distorted due to environmental influence, and the types of the node overcurrent information are roughly divided into three types: missing, forward false positive, and reverse false positive. The missing report indicates that the node has fault current flowing but the terminal does not report, and the action of encoding 1 into 0 is recorded as
Figure SMS_155
The action of encoding a "-1" as "0" is denoted->
Figure SMS_159
The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The forward false alarm means that when the actual overcurrent code is 0 or 1, the report result of the feeder terminal is 1, and the action of 0 is 1 is marked as->
Figure SMS_162
The action of encoding a "-1" as "1" is denoted->
Figure SMS_154
The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the Similarly, reverse misinformation means that when the actual overcurrent code is 0 or 1, the report result of the feeder terminal is displayed as '1', and the action of coding 1 into '1' is recorded as- >
Figure SMS_157
The action of encoding "0" as "-1" is denoted->
Figure SMS_160
. When->
Figure SMS_163
、
Figure SMS_153
、
Figure SMS_158
、
Figure SMS_161
、
Figure SMS_164
、
Figure SMS_156
If true, the corresponding value is taken as 1, otherwise, the value is taken as 0.
Due to fault current coding
Figure SMS_165
Is determined on the basis of the actual detection value, so +.>
Figure SMS_166
、
Figure SMS_167
and
Figure SMS_168
All are constants, and a fault section with the maximum solving occurrence probability is equivalently converted into a problem of solving the minimum value of the first three terms, so that an objective function shown in a formula (2) is obtained;
wherein ,
Figure SMS_169
information distortion representing faulty feeder section, +.>
Figure SMS_170
、
Figure SMS_171
、
Figure SMS_172
Respectively->
Figure SMS_173
、
Figure SMS_174
、
Figure SMS_175
The calculation formula of the weight of (2) is shown as formula (3);
according to the running data statistics and engineering experience of the power grid equipment, the FTU miss report probability is calculated
Figure SMS_176
Generally taking 0.1-0.2; false alarm probability->
Figure SMS_179
and
Figure SMS_181
Generally 0.05 to 0.1 is taken, thus +.>
Figure SMS_177
、
Figure SMS_180
and
Figure SMS_182
Weight values of information distortion caused by missing report, forward false report and reverse false report are all smaller than 0.5>
Figure SMS_183
and
Figure SMS_178
All are positive numbers. The weight of the evaluation function is calculated based on FTU operation data statistics and false-missing probability of engineering experience, and deviation caused by only taking value through experience can be avoided, so that the fault positioning model is more objective and well-qualified.
Quantity of node information distortion
Figure SMS_184
、
Figure SMS_185
and
Figure SMS_186
The calculation method of (2) is shown in the formula (4)；
wherein ,
Figure SMS_198
、
Figure SMS_189
、
Figure SMS_194
、
Figure SMS_190
、
Figure SMS_192
based on event mutual exclusion principle, according to fault current vector +. >
Figure SMS_196
And (5) analyzing and solving to obtain the product. Exemplary, ->
Figure SMS_200
When the message is missing->
Figure SMS_195
and
Figure SMS_199
At most one event mutual exclusion principle of occurrence "," no fault and false alarm ", and the same reason is +.>
Figure SMS_188
Or->
Figure SMS_191
In the same time, the missing report, the forward false report and the reverse false report can be logically analyzed according to the fault current vector>
Figure SMS_203
、
Figure SMS_207
、
Figure SMS_206
、
Figure SMS_208
、
Figure SMS_201
and
Figure SMS_204
Substituting the calculated value into the node information distortion amount +.>
Figure SMS_202
、
Figure SMS_205
And
Figure SMS_187
in the calculation method of (2), the corresponding +.>
Figure SMS_193
and
Figure SMS_197
And then solving the objective function, screening out the fault feeder line section with the minimum information distortion amount, and taking the fault feeder line section as a final fault point, thereby improving the accuracy of fault positioning.
In one embodiment, the performing fault coarse positioning for each fault management and control area to obtain a fault feeder line section set specifically includes:
for each fault control area, starting searching in a downstream direction by an upstream node until a node of which the fault current information is not in a positive direction is searched to be used as a fault starting node, starting searching in an upstream direction from an end node until a node of which the fault current information is in a positive direction is searched to be used as a fault ending node; wherein all feeder sections between adjacent upstream nodes of the fault initiation node to the fault end node constitute a set of faulty feeder sections.
Exemplary, for each fault management and control region, the fault current vector of the feeder branch collected by the terminal is used for
Figure SMS_209
Let the first bit not "1" be located at +.>
Figure SMS_210
Bit, last bit "1" is located at +.>
Figure SMS_211
Bits. The failure probability of the first non-1 position is larger than that of all upstream sections, namely the information distortion of the feeder section of the first non-1 position is smaller than that of the upstream feeder section, the failure probability of the last position '1' is larger than that of all downstream sections, namely the information distortion of the feeder section of the last position non-1 position is smaller than that of the downstream feeder section. Can be based on the first NOT '1' and the last '1' in the fault current vector +.>
Figure SMS_212
The position in (2) fixes the fault range to +.>
Figure SMS_213
The corresponding segments result in a set of screening fault segments.
In one embodiment, the objective function is obtained by:
constructing a reliability network model for the power distribution network; wherein, aiming at each fault control area, the collected current information is encoded to form a fault current vector
Figure SMS_214
，
Figure SMS_215
N represents the number of nodes in the fault management and control area; setting the operation state vector of the feeder line section of the distribution network to +.>
Figure SMS_216
，
Figure SMS_217
M represents the feed of the distribution networkNumber of line segments; component in C- >
Figure SMS_218
The numbering meanings of%>
Figure SMS_219
Component (S)>
Figure SMS_220
The numbering of (c) is as follows:
Figure SMS_221
； wherein ,
Figure SMS_222
；（5）
Figure SMS_223
； wherein ,
Figure SMS_224
；（6）
Establishing probability constraint conditions: the probability of distortion of the fault current information acquired by each feeder terminal device is equal; the probability of power failure of any feeder line section in the power distribution network is the same; the probability of two or more power failures occurring in the same feeder section is zero;
the posterior probability of the power failure of the section under the prior probability of the failure current is obtained through a decision tree theory:
Figure SMS_225
；（7）
wherein ,
Figure SMS_226
is an operating state vector of->
Figure SMS_227
Probability of->
Figure SMS_228
Posterior probability of power failure for a segment, +.>
Figure SMS_229
For detecting a fault current vector of the branch line +.>
Figure SMS_230
I.e., the prior probability of a power failure of a segment;
Figure SMS_231
in order to detect the fault current vector of the branch line as +.>
Figure SMS_232
Probability of (2);
posterior probability
Figure SMS_233
Dependent on->
Figure SMS_234
According to the probability of the mutually independent events occurring simultaneously, the method comprises the following steps:
Figure SMS_235
；（8）
wherein ,
Figure SMS_236
is an operating state vector of->
Figure SMS_237
When the current information of the corresponding feeder section is encoded +.>
Figure SMS_238
Probability of (2);
assume that when the power distribution network has power failure, the probabilities of missing report, forward false report and reverse false report of the feeder terminal device are respectively
Figure SMS_239
、
Figure SMS_240
、
Figure SMS_241
The following steps are:
Figure SMS_242
Figure SMS_243
；（9）
wherein ,
Figure SMS_261
is->
Figure SMS_265
Is->
Figure SMS_268
To the power of (I)>
Figure SMS_246
Is->
Figure SMS_251
Is->
Figure SMS_255
To the power of (I)>
Figure SMS_259
Is->
Figure SMS_244
Is->
Figure SMS_249
To the power of (I)>
Figure SMS_253
For the number of nodes in the fault-controlled area, +.>
Figure SMS_257
For fault current vector->
Figure SMS_247
The number of 0' in the report comprises two cases of report missing and real report, and the number of report missing is +.>
Figure SMS_250
Probability of->
Figure SMS_254
The number of true reports of "0" is +.>
Figure SMS_258
Probability of->
Figure SMS_260
；
Figure SMS_264
For fault current vector->
Figure SMS_267
The number of 1' in the method comprises two cases of forward false alarm and real report, wherein the number of forward false alarm is +.>
Figure SMS_270
Probability of->
Figure SMS_245
The number of true reports of "1" is +.>
Figure SMS_248
Probability of->
Figure SMS_252
；
Figure SMS_256
For fault current vector->
Figure SMS_262
The number of the '1' in the method comprises two cases of reverse false alarm and real report, wherein the number of the reverse false alarm is +.>
Figure SMS_266
Probability of->
Figure SMS_269
The number of true reports of "-1" is +.>
Figure SMS_271
Probability of->
Figure SMS_263
；
Figure SMS_272
、
Figure SMS_273
and
Figure SMS_274
The calculation method of (2) is shown in a formula (4);
taking the logarithm of the two ends of the formula (9):
Figure SMS_275
Figure SMS_276
；（10）
due to fault current coding
Figure SMS_277
According to the actual detection value, therefore +.>
Figure SMS_278
、
Figure SMS_279
and
Figure SMS_280
Are constants, and the fault section with the maximum solving occurrence probability is equivalently converted into the problem of solving the minimum value of the first three terms, thereby obtaining the formula #2) The objective function shown.
For example, in order to obtain a feeder section that is most capable of interpreting the generation of fault current, it is necessary to integrate the relationship between the fault current signal and the operating state of the feeder section. Firstly, a reliability network model is built for the power distribution network. The control node encodes the collected current information to form a fault current vector
Figure SMS_281
Is marked as->
Figure SMS_285
Is provided with->
Figure SMS_287
The working state vector of the section is marked as +.>
Figure SMS_282
M represents the number of feeder sections of the distribution network, wherein +.>
Figure SMS_284
Is>
Figure SMS_286
The numbering meaning of (2) is shown in formula (5), <>
Figure SMS_288
Component (S)>
Figure SMS_283
The numbering meaning of (2) is shown in formula (6), wherein the probability relation between the fault current vector component and the corresponding feeder section operating state vector component is shown in fig. 3.
On the premise of knowing fault current information, the possible fault section with the minimum information distortion is the most reasonable power fault positioning result. For ease of calculation, the following assumptions are made:
1. the probability of distortion of fault current information acquired by each FTU is equal;
2. the probability of power failure of any feeder line section in the power distribution network is the same;
3. the probability of two or more power failures occurring in the same feeder section is zero.
Obtaining posterior probability of power failure of the section under the prior probability of the failure current as shown in a formula (7) through a decision tree theory;
because the probability of power failure of any feeder line section in the power distribution network is the same, and the codes of the overcurrent information acquired by each node FTU are mutually independent, the posterior probability is obtained
Figure SMS_289
Dependent on->
Figure SMS_290
And (3) obtaining a formula (8) according to the probability of the occurrence of mutually independent events, namely:
Figure SMS_291
；
Assume that when the power distribution network has power failure, the probability of missing report, forward false report and reverse false report of the FTU are respectively
Figure SMS_292
、
Figure SMS_293
、
Figure SMS_294
And expanding the formula (8) according to a probability formula under the condition of information distortion to obtain a formula (9).
Quantity of node information distortion
Figure SMS_295
、
Figure SMS_296
and
Figure SMS_297
The calculation method of (2) is shown in a formula (4);
taking the logarithm of the two ends of the formula (9) to obtain a formula (10);
finally, due to fault current coding
Figure SMS_298
Is determined based on the actual detection value, so +.>
Figure SMS_299
、
Figure SMS_300
and
Figure SMS_301
Solving the fault section with the largest occurrence probability can be equivalently converted into solving the problem of the minimum value of the sum of the first three terms to obtain an objective function shown in a formula (2) as a constant. />
In one embodiment, the method is performed by a management and control node, and the dividing the area according to the acquired topology structure of the power distribution network to obtain a plurality of management and control areas includes:
starting searching from a main power supply of the power distribution network, and setting a node as a management node when detecting that the outgoing line in the downstream direction of the node is greater than 1 until all nodes of the power distribution network are traversed; the downstream direction is the direction from the main power supply of the power distribution network to the tail end of the feeder line, and the upstream direction is opposite to the downstream direction;
Setting other nodes except the control node as controlled nodes, wherein the control node is responsible for controlling all the controlled nodes between the downstream direction of the control node and the upstream direction of the downstream control node adjacent to the control node; the control node closest to the main power supply of the power distribution network also controls the controlled node in the upstream direction;
and forming an independent control area by the control node and the corresponding controlled node.
Illustratively, the path from the main power supply of the distribution network to the feeder end is defined as a branch line, and the direction in which the main power supply of the distribution network points to the feeder end is defined as a downstream direction. And setting a management and control node in the power distribution network: and starting searching from a main power supply of the power distribution network, and setting a node as a management node when the outgoing line in the downstream direction of the node is greater than 1 until all nodes of the power distribution network are traversed. When a branch line has a plurality of control nodes, the control node close to the main power supply side of the power distribution network is defined as an upstream control node, and the control node at the tail end of the branch line is defined as a tail end control node of the branch. The section between two adjacent nodes is defined as one feeder section. The numbers of the power distribution network sectionalizing switches are increased in the downstream direction. Finally, the distribution network topology is divided into a plurality of management and control areas: the regulating node is responsible for regulating all nodes in the downstream direction and in the upstream direction of the adjacent downstream regulating node, and the regulated nodes are called regulated nodes. In addition, the control node closest to the main power supply of the power distribution network is also responsible for controlling the controlled node in the upstream direction. The management and control nodes and the managed and controlled nodes form an independent management and control area.
It should be noted that the distribution network may also be divided in the following manner: when the outgoing line in the downstream direction of a certain node is larger than 1, the node is set as a control node, and the control node is responsible for controlling all nodes in the upstream direction and the downstream direction of the adjacent upstream control node until all nodes of the power distribution network are traversed, so that an independent control area is formed by the control node and the corresponding controlled nodes.
Compared with the prior art, the power distribution network fault positioning method disclosed by the embodiment of the invention can obtain a plurality of management and control areas by dividing the areas according to the acquired topology structure of the power distribution network; constructing an area fault judgment formula according to kirchhoff current law to determine fault control areas, and performing fault coarse positioning on each fault control area to obtain a fault feeder line section set; aiming at each fault feeder line section set, solving the fault feeder line section with the minimum information distortion according to the acquired fault current vector to serve as a target fault feeder line section; the fault current vector is the current information of the fault control area where the fault feeder line section set is located. According to the embodiment of the invention, the power distribution network is divided into the areas, the rough positioning of the fault sections is respectively carried out on each area, and then the feeder line section with the smallest information distortion is screened out to serve as the fault point, so that the problem of easy sinking into a local optimal solution is solved, and the rapid and accurate positioning of the power failure of the power distribution network is realized.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a fault positioning device of the power distribution network, which comprises the following steps:
the regional division module is used for carrying out regional division according to the acquired topological structure of the power distribution network to obtain a plurality of management and control regions;
the fault region judging module is used for judging that the management and control region meeting the following formula is a fault management and control region:
Figure SMS_302
；（1）
wherein ,
Figure SMS_303
representing the current phasor amplitude of the control area t, for example>
Figure SMS_304
The minimum value of short-circuit current detected by all nodes in a management and control area t is represented, r is a set threshold value, the nodes are segment switches provided with feeder terminal devices, and the feeder terminal devices are used for collecting current information;
the fault coarse positioning module is used for performing fault coarse positioning on each fault control area to obtain a fault feeder line section set;
the fault fine positioning module is used for solving and obtaining a fault feeder line section with the minimum information distortion according to the acquired fault current vector aiming at each fault feeder line section set to serve as a target fault feeder line section; the fault current vector is current information of a fault management and control area where the fault feeder line section set is located.
In one embodiment, the fault fine positioning module is specifically configured to:
The fault positioning problem is equivalent to a problem of solving the minimum value of an objective function, wherein the objective function is as follows:
Figure SMS_305
；（2）
wherein ,
Figure SMS_306
information distortion quantity representing fault feeder line section, A represents node information report missing quantity, B 1 Representing the number of forward false alarms of node information, B 2 The method comprises the steps that the number of negative false alarms of node information is represented, the missing alarm of the node information indicates that a node has fault current but the feeder terminal device does not report, the positive false alarm of the node information indicates that a fault current in a negative direction or a fault current of the node does not have fault current but is wrongly reported as a fault current in a positive direction, and the negative false alarm of the node information indicates that a fault current in a positive direction or a fault current of the node does not have fault current but is wrongly reported as a fault current in a negative direction;
Figure SMS_307
、
Figure SMS_308
、
Figure SMS_309
respectively->
Figure SMS_310
、
Figure SMS_311
、
Figure SMS_312
The weight of (2) is calculated as follows:
Figure SMS_313
；（3）
wherein ,
Figure SMS_314
the value range is 0.1-0.2 for the preset missing report probability;
Figure SMS_315
For a predetermined forward false positive probability, +.>
Figure SMS_316
The value ranges of the positive false positive probability and the negative false positive probability are 0.05-0.1 for the preset negative false positive probability;
based on an event mutual exclusion principle, false alarm missing report information is obtained according to the fault current vector analysis;
solving A, B according to the false alarm missing report information and the following formula 1 and B2 ：
Figure SMS_317
；（4）
Where n represents the number of nodes within the fault management area,
Figure SMS_320
Indicating false alarm of fault current in the actual positive direction of node j as no fault current, +.>
Figure SMS_323
Indicating false alarm of fault current in the actual negative direction of node j as no fault current, +.>
Figure SMS_327
Indicating that the actual fault-free current of node j is misinterpreted as the fault current in the positive direction, +.>
Figure SMS_319
Error reporting of the fault current in the actual negative direction of node j as the fault current in the positive direction,/->
Figure SMS_322
Error reporting of the fault current in the positive direction of node j as the fault current in the negative direction is indicated,/->
Figure SMS_325
The actual fault-free current of the node j is wrongly reported as the fault current in the negative direction; when->
Figure SMS_328
When true, the value is 1, otherwise 0 is taken, when +.>
Figure SMS_321
When true, the value is 1, otherwise 0 is taken, when +.>
Figure SMS_324
When true, the value is 1, otherwise 0 is taken, when +.>
Figure SMS_326
When true, the value is 1, otherwise 0 is taken, when +.>
Figure SMS_329
When true, the value is 1, otherwise 0 is taken, when +.>
Figure SMS_318
If true, the value is 1, otherwise, 0 is taken;
a, B to be solved 1 and B2 Substituting the objective function to solve and obtain a fault feeder line section with the minimum information distortion;
and taking the fault feeder line section with the smallest information distortion amount as a target fault feeder line section.
In one embodiment, the fault coarse positioning module is specifically configured to:
for each fault control area, starting searching in a downstream direction by an upstream node until a node of which the fault current information is not in a positive direction is searched to be used as a fault starting node, starting searching in an upstream direction from an end node until a node of which the fault current information is in a positive direction is searched to be used as a fault ending node; wherein all feeder sections between adjacent upstream nodes of the fault initiation node to the fault end node constitute a set of faulty feeder sections.
It should be noted that, the working process of the power distribution network fault locating device may refer to the working process of the power distribution network fault locating method in the foregoing embodiment, and will not be described herein.
According to the power distribution network fault positioning device provided by the embodiment of the invention, the power distribution network can be divided into the areas and the rough positioning of the fault sections is respectively carried out on each area, then the feeder line section with the smallest information distortion is screened out to serve as the fault point, the problem that the local optimal solution is easy to fall in is solved, and the rapid and accurate positioning of the power distribution network power faults is realized.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a power distribution network fault positioning device, which comprises a processor, a memory and a computer program stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor, wherein the steps in the power distribution network fault positioning method embodiment, such as steps S1-S4 in FIG. 1, are realized when the processor executes the computer program; alternatively, the processor may implement the functions of the modules in the above-described apparatus embodiments, such as the area dividing module, when executing the computer program.
The computer program may be divided into one or more modules, which are stored in the memory and executed by the processor to accomplish the present invention, for example. The one or more modules may be a series of computer program instruction segments capable of performing specific functions for describing the execution of the computer program in the power distribution network fault location device. For example, the computer program may be divided into a plurality of modules, each module having the following specific functions:
The regional division module is used for carrying out regional division according to the acquired topological structure of the power distribution network to obtain a plurality of management and control regions;
the fault region judging module is used for judging that the management and control region meeting the following formula is a fault management and control region:
Figure SMS_330
；（1）
wherein ,
Figure SMS_331
representing the current phasor amplitude of the control area t, for example>
Figure SMS_332
The minimum value of short-circuit current detected by all nodes in a management and control area t is represented, r is a set threshold value, the nodes are segment switches provided with feeder terminal devices, and the feeder terminal devices are used for collecting current information;
the fault coarse positioning module is used for performing fault coarse positioning on each fault control area to obtain a fault feeder line section set;
the fault fine positioning module is used for solving and obtaining a fault feeder line section with the minimum information distortion according to the acquired fault current vector aiming at each fault feeder line section set to serve as a target fault feeder line section; the fault current vector is current information of a fault management and control area where the fault feeder line section set is located.
The specific working process of each module may refer to the working process of the fault locating device for a power distribution network described in the foregoing embodiment, which is not described herein again.
The power distribution network fault positioning equipment can be computing equipment such as a desktop computer, a notebook computer, a palm computer and a cloud server. The power distribution network fault location device may include, but is not limited to, a processor, a memory. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the power distribution network fault location device may also include input and output devices, network access devices, buses, and the like.
The processor may be a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), but may also be other general purpose processors, digital signal processors (Digital Signal Processor, DSP), application specific integrated circuits (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), field programmable gate arrays (Field-Programmable Gate Array, FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, or the like. The general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor may be any conventional processor or the like, which is a control center of the power distribution network fault location device, and which connects various parts of the entire power distribution network fault location device using various interfaces and lines.
The memory may be used to store the computer program and/or modules, and the processor may implement various functions of the power distribution network fault location device by running or executing the computer program and/or modules stored in the memory and invoking data stored in the memory. The memory may mainly include a storage program area and a storage data area, wherein the storage program area may store an operating system, an application program required for at least one function, and the like; the storage data area may store data created according to the use of the cellular phone, etc. In addition, the memory may include high-speed random access memory, and may also include non-volatile memory, such as a hard disk, memory, plug-in hard disk, smart Media Card (SMC), secure Digital (SD) Card, flash Card (Flash Card), at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, or other volatile solid-state storage device.
The module integrated by the fault location device of the power distribution network can be stored in a computer readable storage medium if the module is realized in the form of a software functional unit and sold or used as a separate product. Based on such understanding, the present invention may implement all or part of the flow of the method of the above embodiment, or may be implemented by a computer program to instruct related hardware, where the computer program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the computer program may implement the steps of each of the method embodiments described above. Wherein the computer program comprises computer program code which may be in source code form, object code form, executable file or some intermediate form etc. The computer readable medium may include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, a recording medium, a U disk, a removable hard disk, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a computer Memory, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a random access Memory (RAM, random Access Memory), an electrical carrier signal, a telecommunications signal, a software distribution medium, and so forth.
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiments of the present invention, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes and modifications may be made without departing from the principles of the invention, such changes and modifications are also intended to be within the scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a distribution network fault location method which is characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
according to the acquired topological structure of the power distribution network, carrying out regional division to obtain a plurality of management and control regions;
judging the control area meeting the following formula as a fault control area:
Figure QLYQS_1
；（1）
wherein ,
Figure QLYQS_2
representing the current phasor amplitude of the control area t, for example>
Figure QLYQS_3
The minimum value of short-circuit current detected by all nodes in a management and control area t is represented, r is a set threshold value, the nodes are segment switches provided with feeder terminal devices, and the feeder terminal devices are used for collecting current information;
performing fault coarse positioning on each fault control area to obtain a fault feeder line section set;
aiming at each fault feeder line section set, solving and obtaining a fault feeder line section with the minimum information distortion according to the acquired fault current vector to serve as a target fault feeder line section; the fault current vector is current information of a fault management and control area where the fault feeder line section set is located.
2. The power distribution network fault location method as claimed in claim 1, wherein for each set of fault feeder sections, solving the fault feeder section with the smallest information distortion according to the acquired fault current vector to obtain the target fault feeder section, including:
the fault positioning problem is equivalent to a problem of solving the minimum value of an objective function, wherein the objective function is as follows:
Figure QLYQS_4
；（2）
wherein ,
Figure QLYQS_5
information distortion quantity representing fault feeder line section, A represents node information report missing quantity, B 1 Representing the number of forward false alarms of node information, B 2 The method comprises the steps that the number of negative false alarms of node information is represented, the missing alarm of the node information indicates that a node has fault current but the feeder terminal device does not report, the positive false alarm of the node information indicates that a fault current in a negative direction or a fault current of the node does not have fault current but is wrongly reported as a fault current in a positive direction, and the negative false alarm of the node information indicates that a fault current in a positive direction or a fault current of the node does not have fault current but is wrongly reported as a fault current in a negative direction;
Figure QLYQS_6
、
Figure QLYQS_7
、
Figure QLYQS_8
respectively->
Figure QLYQS_9
、
Figure QLYQS_10
、
Figure QLYQS_11
The weight of (2) is calculated as follows:
Figure QLYQS_12
；（3）
wherein ,
Figure QLYQS_13
the value range is 0.1-0.2 for the preset missing report probability;
Figure QLYQS_14
For a predetermined forward false positive probability, +.>
Figure QLYQS_15
The value ranges of the positive false positive probability and the negative false positive probability are 0.05-0.1 for the preset negative false positive probability;
Based on an event mutual exclusion principle, false alarm missing report information is obtained according to the fault current vector analysis;
solving A, B according to the false alarm missing report information and the following formula 1 、B 2 ：
Figure QLYQS_16
；（4）
Where n represents the number of nodes within the fault management area,
Figure QLYQS_18
indicating false alarm of fault current in the actual positive direction of node j as no fault current, +.>
Figure QLYQS_21
Indicating false alarm of fault current in the actual negative direction of node j as no fault current, +.>
Figure QLYQS_24
Indicating that the actual fault-free current of node j is misinterpreted as the fault current in the positive direction, +.>
Figure QLYQS_17
Error reporting of the fault current in the actual negative direction of node j as the fault current in the positive direction,/->
Figure QLYQS_22
Error reporting of the fault current in the positive direction of node j as the fault current in the negative direction is indicated,/->
Figure QLYQS_25
The actual fault-free current of the node j is wrongly reported as the fault current in the negative direction; when->
Figure QLYQS_27
When true, the value is 1, otherwise 0 is taken, when +.>
Figure QLYQS_20
When true, the value is 1, otherwise 0 is taken, when +.>
Figure QLYQS_23
When true, the value is 1, otherwise 0 is taken, when +.>
Figure QLYQS_26
When true, the value is 1, otherwise 0 is taken, when +.>
Figure QLYQS_28
When true, the value is 1, otherwise 0 is taken, when +.>
Figure QLYQS_19
If true, the value is 1, otherwise, 0 is taken;
a, B to be solved 1 、B 2 Substituting the objective function to solve and obtain a fault feeder line section with the minimum information distortion;
And taking the fault feeder line section with the smallest information distortion amount as a target fault feeder line section.
3. The power distribution network fault location method according to claim 2, wherein the performing fault coarse location for each fault management and control area to obtain a fault feeder line section set specifically includes:
for each fault control area, starting searching in a downstream direction by an upstream node until a node of which the fault current information is not in a positive direction is searched to be used as a fault starting node, starting searching in an upstream direction from an end node until a node of which the fault current information is in a positive direction is searched to be used as a fault ending node; wherein all feeder sections between adjacent upstream nodes of the fault initiation node to the fault end node constitute a set of faulty feeder sections.
4. The power distribution network fault location method of claim 2, wherein the objective function is obtained by:
constructing a reliability network model for the power distribution network; wherein, aiming at each fault control area, the collected current information is encoded to form a fault current vector
Figure QLYQS_29
，
Figure QLYQS_30
N represents the number of nodes in the fault management and control area; setting the operation state vector of the feeder line section of the distribution network to +. >
Figure QLYQS_31
，
Figure QLYQS_32
M represents the number of feeder sections of the distribution network; component in C->
Figure QLYQS_33
The numbering meanings of%>
Figure QLYQS_34
Component (S)>
Figure QLYQS_35
The numbering of (c) is as follows:
Figure QLYQS_36
；（5）
Figure QLYQS_37
；（6）
establishing probability constraint conditions: the probability of distortion of the fault current information acquired by each feeder terminal device is equal; the probability of power failure of any feeder line section in the power distribution network is the same; the probability of two or more power failures occurring in the same feeder section is zero;
the posterior probability of the power failure of the section under the prior probability of the failure current is obtained through a decision tree theory:
Figure QLYQS_38
；（7）
wherein ,
Figure QLYQS_39
is an operating state vector of->
Figure QLYQS_40
Probability of->
Figure QLYQS_41
For the posterior probability of a power failure of a segment,
Figure QLYQS_42
for detecting a fault current vector of the branch line +.>
Figure QLYQS_43
Probability of (2);
Figure QLYQS_44
In order to detect the fault current vector of the branch line as +.>
Figure QLYQS_45
Probability of (2);
posterior probability
Figure QLYQS_46
Dependent on->
Figure QLYQS_47
According to the probability of the mutually independent events occurring simultaneously, the method comprises the following steps:
Figure QLYQS_48
；（8）
wherein ,
Figure QLYQS_49
is an operating state vector of->
Figure QLYQS_50
When the current information of the corresponding feeder section is encoded +.>
Figure QLYQS_51
Probability of (2);
assume that when the power distribution network has power failure, the probabilities of missing report, forward false report and reverse false report of the feeder terminal device are respectively
Figure QLYQS_52
、
Figure QLYQS_53
、
Figure QLYQS_54
The following steps are:
Figure QLYQS_55
Figure QLYQS_56
；（9）
wherein ,
Figure QLYQS_76
is->
Figure QLYQS_79
Is->
Figure QLYQS_82
To the power of (I)>
Figure QLYQS_60
Is->
Figure QLYQS_64
Is->
Figure QLYQS_68
To the power of (I)>
Figure QLYQS_72
Is->
Figure QLYQS_59
Is->
Figure QLYQS_61
To the power of (I)>
Figure QLYQS_65
For the number of nodes in the fault-controlled area, +.>
Figure QLYQS_70
For fault current vector->
Figure QLYQS_75
The number of 0' in the report comprises two cases of report missing and real report, and the number of report missing is +.>
Figure QLYQS_77
Probability of->
Figure QLYQS_80
The number of true reports of "0" is +.>
Figure QLYQS_83
Probability of->
Figure QLYQS_74
；
Figure QLYQS_78
Is a fault current vector
Figure QLYQS_81
The number of 1' in the method comprises two cases of forward false alarm and real report, wherein the number of forward false alarm is +.>
Figure QLYQS_84
Probability of->
Figure QLYQS_58
The number of true reports of "1" is +.>
Figure QLYQS_62
Probability of->
Figure QLYQS_66
；
Figure QLYQS_71
For fault current vector->
Figure QLYQS_57
The number of the '1' in the method comprises two cases of reverse false alarm and real report, wherein the number of the reverse false alarm is +.>
Figure QLYQS_63
Probability of->
Figure QLYQS_67
The number of true reports of "-1" is +.>
Figure QLYQS_69
Probability of->
Figure QLYQS_73
；
Calculated by the formula (4)
Figure QLYQS_85
、
Figure QLYQS_86
、
Figure QLYQS_87
；
Taking the logarithm of the two ends of the formula (9):
Figure QLYQS_88
Figure QLYQS_89
；（10）
fault current coding
Figure QLYQS_90
Determining from the actual detection value +.in equation (10)>
Figure QLYQS_91
、
Figure QLYQS_92
and
Figure QLYQS_93
Are constants, and the fault section with the maximum solving occurrence probability is equivalently converted into the problem of solving the minimum value of the first three terms, thereby obtaining the formula #2) Is a target function of (a).
5. The power distribution network fault location method according to claim 1, wherein the method is performed by a management and control node, and the performing area division according to the acquired topology structure of the power distribution network to obtain a plurality of management and control areas includes:
Starting searching from a main power supply of the power distribution network, and setting a node as a management node when detecting that the outgoing line in the downstream direction of the node is greater than 1 until all nodes of the power distribution network are traversed; the downstream direction is the direction from the main power supply of the power distribution network to the tail end of the feeder line, and the upstream direction is opposite to the downstream direction;
setting other nodes except the control node as controlled nodes, wherein the control node is responsible for controlling all the controlled nodes between the downstream direction of the control node and the upstream direction of the downstream control node adjacent to the control node; the control node closest to the main power supply of the power distribution network also controls the controlled node in the upstream direction;
and forming an independent control area by the control node and the corresponding controlled node.
6. A power distribution network fault locating device, comprising:
the regional division module is used for carrying out regional division according to the acquired topological structure of the power distribution network to obtain a plurality of management and control regions;
the fault region judging module is used for judging that the management and control region meeting the following formula is a fault management and control region:
Figure QLYQS_94
；（1）
wherein ,
Figure QLYQS_95
representing the current phasor amplitude of the control area t, for example>
Figure QLYQS_96
The minimum value of short-circuit current detected by all nodes in a management and control area t is represented, r is a set threshold value, the nodes are segment switches provided with feeder terminal devices, and the feeder terminal devices are used for collecting current information;
The fault coarse positioning module is used for performing fault coarse positioning on each fault control area to obtain a fault feeder line section set;
the fault fine positioning module is used for solving and obtaining a fault feeder line section with the minimum information distortion according to the acquired fault current vector aiming at each fault feeder line section set to serve as a target fault feeder line section; the fault current vector is current information of a fault management and control area where the fault feeder line section set is located.
7. The power distribution network fault locating device according to claim 6, wherein the fault fine locating module is specifically configured to:
the fault positioning problem is equivalent to a problem of solving the minimum value of an objective function, wherein the objective function is as follows:
Figure QLYQS_97
；（2）
wherein ,
Figure QLYQS_98
information distortion quantity representing fault feeder line section, A represents node information report missing quantity, B 1 Representing the number of forward false alarms of node information, B 2 The method comprises the steps that the number of negative false alarms of node information is represented, the missing alarm of the node information indicates that a node has fault current but the feeder terminal device does not report, the positive false alarm of the node information indicates that a fault current in a negative direction or a fault current of the node does not have fault current but is wrongly reported as a fault current in a positive direction, and the negative false alarm of the node information indicates that a fault current in a positive direction or a fault current of the node does not have fault current but is wrongly reported as a fault current in a negative direction;
Figure QLYQS_99
、
Figure QLYQS_100
、
Figure QLYQS_101
Respectively->
Figure QLYQS_102
、
Figure QLYQS_103
、
Figure QLYQS_104
The weight of (2) is calculated as follows:
Figure QLYQS_105
；（3）
wherein ,
Figure QLYQS_106
the value range is 0.1-0.2 for the preset missing report probability;
Figure QLYQS_107
For a predetermined forward false positive probability, +.>
Figure QLYQS_108
The value ranges of the positive false positive probability and the negative false positive probability are 0.05-0.1 for the preset negative false positive probability;
based on an event mutual exclusion principle, false alarm missing report information is obtained according to the fault current vector analysis;
solving A, B according to the false alarm missing report information and the following formula 1 and B2 ：
Figure QLYQS_109
；（4）/>
Where n represents the number of nodes within the fault management area,
Figure QLYQS_111
indicating false alarm of fault current in the actual positive direction of node j as no fault current, +.>
Figure QLYQS_114
Indicating false alarm of fault current in the actual negative direction of node j as no fault current, +.>
Figure QLYQS_117
Indicating that the actual fault-free current of node j is misinterpreted as the fault current in the positive direction, +.>
Figure QLYQS_113
Error reporting of the fault current in the actual negative direction of node j as the fault current in the positive direction,/->
Figure QLYQS_116
Error reporting of the fault current in the positive direction of node j as the fault current in the negative direction is indicated,/->
Figure QLYQS_119
The actual fault-free current of the node j is wrongly reported as the fault current in the negative direction; when->
Figure QLYQS_121
When true, the value is 1, otherwise 0 is taken, when +.>
Figure QLYQS_110
When true, the value is 1, otherwise 0 is taken, when +.>
Figure QLYQS_115
When true, the value is 1, otherwise 0 is taken, when +. >
Figure QLYQS_118
When true, the value is 1, otherwise, 0,when->
Figure QLYQS_120
When true, the value is 1, otherwise 0 is taken, when +.>
Figure QLYQS_112
If true, the value is 1, otherwise, 0 is taken;
a, B to be solved 1 and B2 Substituting the objective function to solve and obtain a fault feeder line section with the minimum information distortion;
and taking the fault feeder line section with the smallest information distortion amount as a target fault feeder line section.
8. The power distribution network fault location device of claim 7, wherein the fault coarse location module is specifically configured to:
for each fault control area, starting searching in a downstream direction by an upstream node until a node of which the fault current information is not in a positive direction is searched to be used as a fault starting node, starting searching in an upstream direction from an end node until a node of which the fault current information is in a positive direction is searched to be used as a fault ending node; wherein all feeder sections between adjacent upstream nodes of the fault initiation node to the fault end node constitute a set of faulty feeder sections.
9. A power distribution network fault locating device comprising a processor, a memory and a computer program stored in the memory and configured to be executed by the processor, the processor implementing the power distribution network fault locating method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 when executing the computer program.
10. A computer readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer readable storage medium comprises a stored computer program, wherein the computer program, when run, controls a device in which the computer readable storage medium is located to perform the power distribution network fault location method according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
CN202310416353.9A 2023-04-19 2023-04-19 Power distribution network fault positioning method, device, equipment and storage medium Pending CN116152016A (en)

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