CN116148197A - Non-repetitive spectrum high-speed measurement system and method based on space-time modulation - Google Patents
Non-repetitive spectrum high-speed measurement system and method based on space-time modulation Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a non-repetitive spectrum high-speed measurement system and a method based on space-time modulation, wherein the system comprises the following components: an optical unit and an electrical unit; the light beam of the object to be measured is collimated into parallel light by the collimation component, a spectral band is formed by the spectral splitting component, the spectral convergence component images the spectral band to the spatial light modulator, the spatial light modulator carries out high-speed space-time modulation on the spectral band, finally the spectral band is imaged on the detector, the detector carries out low-speed detection, the high-speed space-time modulation result is accumulated and measured in the exposure time, the measurement result is output to the storage calculation module, and the storage calculation module obtains high-speed spectral change information of the object to be measured by utilizing the reconstruction algorithm according to the measurement result of the detector and the high-speed space-time measurement matrix. The invention has the advantages that: the method is suitable for the high-speed spectrum measurement direction under a real complex scene; the time resolution of the spectrum measuring system is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of optics, and particularly relates to a non-repetitive spectrum high-speed measurement system and method based on space-time modulation.
Background
The spectrum is an important basis for analyzing the characteristics of substances, and can be analyzed by capturing the change of the spectrum of a target in a short time for observing the change of the target in the moment, so that the high-speed spectrum measurement has wide application in the fields such as biology, medicine, space remote sensing and the like. However, due to the time resolution of the detector, for some ultra-high speed signal detection, such as missile identification, fluorescence lifetime detection, etc., the system is generally unable to measure the signal with high time accuracy, so that the change in the spectrum information in a small time period cannot be measured.
In recent years, the time-domain-based compressed sensing measurement technology has shown great application value. Compressed sensing theory is a downsampling-based sampling theorem proposed by Tao, doncho and candys et al, whose appearance breaks the nyquist sampling theorem. The time compressed sensing measurement technology has the advantages that after a target with high speed change is subjected to high-speed modulation, only one low-speed detector is needed to be used for receiving; the measurement result obtained by the low-speed detector under the long exposure time is inverted through a post-processing algorithm, so that a signal with high time resolution can be reconstructed. At present, research teams at home and abroad conduct a great deal of research on the application of time compressed sensing measurement technology, firstly researchers propose a time compressed sensing technology based on single-point signals, then a compressed sensing technology based on spatial parallel modulation is provided for the single-point signals, and then researchers also propose a method for conducting high-time resolution compressed sensing measurement on periodic signals by using a static mask. However, these schemes are mostly aimed at high-speed measurement of single-point signals or periodic signals, and because the real signals to be measured in nature are mostly not single-point signals and are usually non-periodic signals, these methods are not suitable for high-speed spectrum measurement directions under real complex scenes.
In summary, how to combine the time compressed sensing technology with the high-speed spectrum measurement at present breaks through the limit detection rate of the existing detector, and improves the time resolution of the spectrum measurement system is a problem to be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of insufficient detection frequency and low time resolution of the acquired high-speed spectrum signal of the existing spectrum measuring equipment.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention proposes a non-repetitive spectrum high-speed measurement system based on spatial-temporal modulation, said system comprising an optical unit (I) and an electrical unit (II);
the optical unit (I) comprises:
the collimation component (1) is used for collecting optical signals of a target to be detected, restraining the optical signals and outputting the optical signals into parallel light;
a spectrum light splitting component (2) for receiving the optical signal of the collimation component (1) and emitting the parallel light with different wavelengths to different directions;
a spectrum converging part (3) for receiving the optical signals of the spectrum splitting part (2) and forming the light with different wavelengths into spectral bands;
a spatial light modulator (4) for receiving the spectral band formed by the spectrum converging section (3) and performing high-speed space-time modulation on the spectral band; and
the imaging lens (5) is used for receiving the spectrum band modulated by the spatial light modulator (4) and imaging the spectrum band to the detector (6);
the electrical unit (II) comprises:
the detector (6) is used for collecting and accumulating the spectral bands imaged by the imaging lens (5), converting the measurement result into an electric signal and transmitting the electric signal to the storage calculation module (8);
the control module (7) is used for generating a random modulation matrix and sending the random modulation matrix to the spatial light modulator (4), so that the spatial light modulator (4) modulates the optical signal according to a preset mode; and for transmitting the modulation matrix to a memory calculation module (8); and
and the storage calculation module (8) is used for reconstructing a high-speed spectrum signal by using a reconstruction algorithm according to the measurement result and the modulation matrix.
As an improvement of the above system, the collimating means (1) comprises:
a collection lens (1_1) for collecting an optical signal of an object to be measured;
a diaphragm (1_2) for receiving the optical signal of the collecting lens (1_1), and restraining the optical signal; and
and the collimating lens (1_3) is used for receiving the optical signal of the diaphragm (1_2) and outputting parallel light.
As an improvement of the above system, the collecting lens (1_1) and the collimating lens (1_3) are realized by lenses or concave mirrors; the diaphragm (1_2) is realized by a slit or a small hole.
As an improvement of the above system, the spectral splitting component (2) comprises a dispersive splitting component for splitting light of different wavelengths, the dispersive splitting component being implemented with a component having a splitting power, comprising a grating or a prism.
As an improvement of the above system, the spectrum converging part (3) is realized by a lens or a concave mirror; the spectrum converging part (3) irradiates light with different wavelengths to micromirrors of different columns of the spatial light modulator (4) sequentially from small to large.
As an improvement of the above system, the spatial light modulator (4) is implemented with components having spatial light modulation capability, including a liquid crystal spatial light modulator or a micro-mirror array.
As an improvement of the above system, the imaging lens (5) is a telescopic lens, a micro lens, a single lens or a lens group.
As an improvement of the above system, the detector (6) is a two-dimensional optical detection device with spatial resolution capability, and specifically comprises: charge coupled devices, enhanced charge coupled devices, photodiode arrays or CMOS arrays.
As an improvement of the system, the reconstruction algorithm adopted by the storage calculation module (8) is a linear equation solving algorithm;
the linear equation solving algorithm includes: matching tracking algorithm MP, orthogonal matching tracking algorithm OMP, base tracking algorithm BP and greedy reconstruction algorithmMethod, LASSO, LARS, GPSR, bayesian estimation algorithm, magic, IST, TV, stOMP, coSaMP, LBI, SP, l1_ls, smp algorithm, spaRSA algorithm, twaiST algorithm, l 0 Reconstruction algorithm, l 1 Reconstruction algorithm, l 2 Reconstruction algorithms, least squares, maximum likelihood methods, logistic regression algorithms, ridge regression algorithms, lasso algorithms, or gradient descent algorithms.
The invention also provides a non-repetitive spectrum high-speed measurement method based on space-time modulation, which is realized based on the system, and comprises the following steps:
the pixel size of the spatial light modulator (4) is m x n;
any column b of the spatial light modulator (4) k Wavelength lambda of spectrum signal corresponding to m pixels on k.ltoreq.n k K is less than or equal to n and is the same;
the spatial light modulator (4) is based on t random modulation matrices a i High-speed modulating the high-speed spectrum signal according to the fixed frequency, wherein the imaging result of the ith modulation result on the detector (6) is y i ；
The detector (6) collects the high-speed modulation result y of t times in the exposure time i Is a two-dimensional matrix
The pixel size of the detector (6) is p×q;
the corresponding relation between the detector (6) and each pixel of the spatial light modulator (4) passes through the matrix
Representing, matrix->
The pixel size of (p×q) × (m×n);
As an improvement of the above method, the implementation method of the data preprocessing and reconstruction algorithm in step 4 includes:
step 4A-1, a storage calculation module (8) stretches a two-dimensional measurement result Y of the detector (6) into a column vector Y with the size of (p multiplied by q) multiplied by 1;
according to
Matrix and column vector y, solving the equation +.>
Column vector s in (a);
splicing S into a two-dimensional matrix S with the size of m multiplied by n, and obtaining the accumulation of the modulation results of each pixel on the spatial light modulator (4) on the spectral bands;
step 4A-2, the storage calculation module (8) sequentially stores t random modulation matrixes a i Is taken out from the kth column of the matrix, and is spliced into a space-time measurement matrix A with the size of m multiplied by t k ,k≤n；
Simultaneously taking out the kth column S of the two-dimensional matrix S k Solving S by using reconstruction algorithm k ＝A k The variable x in x, the acquisition wavelength is lambda k The spectral information of the signal at time 0-t varies, and step 4A-2 is repeated until k=n.
As an improvement of the above method, the implementation method of the data preprocessing and reconstruction algorithm in step 4 includes:
step 4B-1, the memory calculation module (8) sequentially stores t random modulation matrixes a i Is taken out from the kth column of the matrix A, and is spliced into a matrix A with the size of m multiplied by t k ,k≤n；
Stretching the two-dimensional measurement result Y of the detector (6) into a column vector Y with the size of (p multiplied by q) multiplied by 1;
step 4B-2, storing the A by the computing module (8) k As elements, a diagonal matrix is constructed
A is a space-time measurement matrix;
step 4B-3, storing the calculation module (8) according to the equation
Solving a variable x by using a reconstruction algorithm to obtain a wavelength lambda 1 -λ k The spectral information of the signal of (c) varies over the time 0-t. />
As an improvement of the above method, the step 1 in the step 4 further includes:
step 4-1, the control module (7) generates j random modulation matrices b with pixel sizes of m×n i ；
J random modulation matrices b i Transmitting to the spatial light modulator (4) at a fixed frequency;
will modulate matrix b i Stretching into a row as an ith row of a measurement matrix M until i=j, and sending the measurement matrix M to a storage calculation module (8), wherein the matrix size of the measurement matrix M is j× (m×n);
step 4-2, utilizing uniform light to illuminate the optical system, and enabling the spatial light modulator (4) to randomly modulate the signal j times according to the fixed frequency;
the detector (6) performs j imaging detections on the modulated signal at the same frequency as the spatial light modulator (4), and detects the result I i I is less than or equal to j and is sent to a storage calculation module (8);
step 4-3, the storage calculation module (8) stores the detection result I i Stretching into a line as the ith line of the final measurement result I until i=j, matrix ruler of the final measurement result ICun is j× (p×q);
the memory calculation module (8) is according to the equation
Calculating the corresponding relation of each pixel of the detector (6) and the spatial light modulator (4) by using a linear equation solving algorithm>
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. the method is suitable for the high-speed spectrum measurement direction under a real complex scene;
2. the invention combines the time compression sensing technology with high-speed spectrum measurement, breaks through the limit detection rate of the existing detector, and improves the time resolution of a spectrum measurement system.
3. The non-repetitive spectrum high-speed measuring system and method based on space-time modulation can improve the time precision of a spectrum measuring system under the condition that the detection frequency of a detector is limited, so as to improve the time resolution of non-periodic high-speed spectrum signal measurement.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a non-repetitive spectrum high-speed measurement system based on spatial-temporal modulation;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the high-speed modulation of spectral bands by a spatial light modulator and the collection process by a detector.
Drawing reference numerals
I optical unit
1. Collimation component 1_1 and collection lens
1_2, diaphragm 1_3, collimating lens
2. Spectral component 3 and spectral converging component
4. Spatial light modulator 5 and imaging lens
II electric unit
6. Detector 7, control module
8. Storage computing module
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The invention discloses a non-repetitive spectrum high-speed measurement system and method based on space-time modulation, which utilize the principle of compressed sensing (Compressive Sensing, CS for short). The principle of compressed sensing is a completely new mathematical theory proposed by doncho, tao and candus et al. Compressed sensing can be divided into three main steps: compressive sampling, sparse transformation and algorithm reconstruction; wherein, compressive sampling means that the number of measurements is less than the number of signals when the signals are sampled, and the process can be described as y=ax, where x is the target to be measured, a is the measurement matrix, and y is the measurement value; the sparse transformation is to make the original signal x change into a sparse signal x' under the action of the sparse base psi by proper selection of the sparse base psi, namely, x can be sparsely expressed under the psi frame; the algorithm reconstruction is a process of solving the equation y=aψx' +e according to the known information, namely the measured value y, the measured matrix A and the sparse basis ψ, and then according to the equation
And (5) performing the inverse x.
As shown in fig. 1, a non-repetitive spectrum high-speed measurement system based on space-time modulation of the present invention includes an optical element I and an electrical element II; the optical element I comprises a collimation component 1, a spectrum light splitting component 2, a spectrum convergence component 3, a uniform spatial light modulator 4 and an imaging lens 5; the collimating component 1 comprises a collecting lens 1_1, a diaphragm 1_2, and a collimating lens 1_3. The electrical component II comprises a detector 6, a control module 7, a memory calculation module 8.
The optical signal of the object to be measured is converged to the diaphragm 1_2 by the collecting lens 1_1, then collimated by the collimating lens 1_3 to form parallel light, the parallel light with different wavelengths is emitted in different directions by the spectrum light splitting component 2, the light with different wavelengths forms a spectral band after passing through the spectrum converging component 3 and is imaged to the spatial light modulator 4, the spatial light modulator 4 carries out high-speed space-time modulation on the spectral band, the modulated spectral band is imaged to the detector 6 by the imaging lens 5, the detector 6 collects the accumulation of high-speed modulation results in the exposure time, the detector 6 transmits the measurement result to the storage calculation module 8, and the storage calculation module 8 carries out high-speed spectral signal reconstruction by utilizing a reconstruction algorithm according to the measurement result and the high-speed space-time measurement matrix; the control module 7 is used for generating a random modulation matrix, sending the random modulation matrix to the spatial light modulator 4, enabling the spatial light modulator 4 to modulate the optical signal according to a preset mode, and transmitting the high-speed space-time measurement matrix to the storage calculation module 8;
specific implementations of the various components in the non-repetitive spectral high-speed measurement system based on spatial-temporal modulation are further described below.
A collecting lens 1_1 in the collimating part 1, the collimating lens 1_3 being realized by a lens or a concave mirror; the diaphragm 1_2 is realized through a slit or a small hole;
the spectrum splitting part 2 comprises a dispersion splitting part for splitting light with different wavelengths, and the dispersion splitting part is realized by adopting a device with the light splitting capability, including a grating and a prism;
the spectrum converging part 3 is realized by a lens or a concave mirror; the spectrum converging part 3 irradiates light with different wavelengths to the micromirrors of different columns of the spatial light modulator 4 in sequence from small to large;
the spatial light modulator 4 is implemented by a device with spatial light modulation capability including a liquid crystal spatial light modulator and a micro-mirror array;
the imaging lens 5 is a telescope lens, a microscope lens, a single lens or a lens group;
the detector 6 is a two-dimensional optical detection device with spatial resolution capability, and specifically includes: a charge coupled device, an enhanced charge coupled device, a photodiode array, or a CMOS array;
1. the reconstruction algorithm used by the storage calculation module 8 is a linear equation solving algorithm comprising: matching tracking algorithm MP, orthogonal matching tracking algorithm OMP, base tracking algorithm BP, greedy reconstruction algorithm, LASSO, LARS, GPSR, bayesian estimation algorithm, magic, IST, TV, stOMP, coSaMP, LBI, SP, l1_ls, smp algorithm, spaRSA algorithm, twaiST algorithm, l 0 Reconstruction algorithm, l 1 Reconstruction algorithm, l 2 Reconstruction algorithms, least squares, maximum likelihood methods, logistic regression algorithms, ridge regression algorithms, lasso algorithms, or gradient descent algorithms.
Referring to fig. 1, the method for measuring the non-repetitive spectrum at high speed based on space-time modulation, which is realized by using the non-repetitive spectrum high-speed measuring system based on space-time modulation, mainly comprises the following steps:
One implementation of the data preprocessing and reconstruction algorithm in step 4 includes:
in step 4A-1, the memory calculation module 8 stretches the two-dimensional measurement result Y of the detector 6 into a column vector Y with the size of (p×q) ×1 according to
Matrix and column vector y, solving the equation +.>
The column vector S in the spatial light modulator 4 is spliced into a two-dimensional matrix S with the size of m multiplied by n, and the accumulation of the modulation results of each pixel on the spatial light modulator is obtained;
step 4A-2, the memory calculation module 8 sequentially stores t random modulation matrices a i Is taken out from the kth column of the matrix, and is spliced into a space-time measurement matrix A with the size of m multiplied by t k K is less than or equal to n, and the kth column S of the two-dimensional matrix S is taken out simultaneously k Solving S by using reconstruction algorithm k ＝A k The variable x in x, the acquisition wavelength is lambda k The spectral information of the signal at time 0-t varies, and step 4A-2 is repeated until k=n.
Another implementation of the data preprocessing and reconstruction algorithm in step 4 includes:
step 4B-1, the memory calculation module 8 sequentially stores t random modulation matrices a i Is taken out from the kth column of the matrix A, and is spliced into a matrix A with the size of m multiplied by t k K is less than or equal to n, and the two-dimensional measurement result Y of the detector 6 is stretched into a column vector Y with the size of (p multiplied by q) multiplied by 1;
step 4B-2, store computation Module 8 will A k As elements, a diagonal matrix is constructed
A is a space-time measurement matrix;
step 4B-3, the memory calculation module 8 calculates the equation
Solving a variable x by using a reconstruction algorithm to obtain a wavelength lambda 1 -λ k The spectral information of the signal of (c) varies over the time 0-t.
Preferably, the method further comprises the step of calibrating pixels between the spatial light modulator 4 and the detector 6 before the 1 st step of the two calculation methods; the method comprises the following steps:
step 4-1, the control module 7 generates j random modulation matrices b with pixel sizes of m×n i J random modulation matrices b i Sent to the spatial light modulator 4 at a fixed frequency to modulate the matrix b i Stretching into a row as the ith row of the measurement matrix M until i=j, and transmitting the measurement matrix M to the storage calculation module 8, wherein the matrix size of the measurement matrix M is j× (mxn);
step 4-2, illuminating the optical system with uniform light, randomly modulating the signal j times by the spatial light modulator 4 at a fixed frequency, imaging and detecting the modulated signal j times by the detector 6 at the same frequency as the spatial light modulator 4, and detecting the result I i I is less than or equal to j and is sent to a storage calculation module 8;
step 4-3, storing the detection result I by the calculation module 8 i Stretching into a row as the ith row of the final measurement result I until i=j, the matrix size of the final measurement result I being j× (p×q), the memory calculation module 8 stores the data according to the equation
Calculating the correspondence between the detector 6 and each pixel of the spatial light modulator 4 by using a linear equation solving algorithm
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and are not limiting. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalents may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which is intended to be covered by the appended claims.
Claims (13)
1. A non-repetitive spectrum high-speed measurement system based on spatial-temporal modulation, characterized in that it comprises an optical unit (I) and an electrical unit (II);
the optical unit (I) comprises:
the collimation component (1) is used for collecting optical signals of a target to be detected, restraining the optical signals and outputting the optical signals into parallel light;
a spectrum light splitting component (2) for receiving the optical signal of the collimation component (1) and emitting the parallel light with different wavelengths to different directions;
a spectrum converging part (3) for receiving the optical signals of the spectrum splitting part (2) and forming the light with different wavelengths into spectral bands;
a spatial light modulator (4) for receiving the spectral band formed by the spectrum converging section (3) and performing high-speed space-time modulation on the spectral band; and
the imaging lens (5) is used for receiving the spectrum band modulated by the spatial light modulator (4) and imaging the spectrum band to the detector (6);
the electrical unit (II) comprises:
the detector (6) is used for collecting and accumulating the spectral bands imaged by the imaging lens (5), converting the measurement result into an electric signal and transmitting the electric signal to the storage calculation module (8);
the control module (7) is used for generating a random modulation matrix and sending the random modulation matrix to the spatial light modulator (4), so that the spatial light modulator (4) modulates the optical signal according to a preset mode; and for transmitting the modulation matrix to a memory calculation module (8); and
and the storage calculation module (8) is used for reconstructing a high-speed spectrum signal by using a reconstruction algorithm according to the measurement result and the modulation matrix.
2. The non-repetitive spectrum high speed measurement system based on space-time modulation according to claim 1, wherein the collimating means (1) comprises:
a collection lens (1_1) for collecting an optical signal of an object to be measured;
a diaphragm (1_2) for receiving the optical signal of the collecting lens (1_1), and restraining the optical signal; and
and the collimating lens (1_3) is used for receiving the optical signal of the diaphragm (1_2) and outputting parallel light.
3. The non-repetitive spectral high speed measurement system based on spatio-temporal modulation according to claim 2, characterized in that the collection lens (1_1) and the collimating lens (1_3) are realized by lenses or concave mirrors; the diaphragm (1_2) is realized by a slit or a small hole.
4. The non-repetitive spectral high speed measurement system based on space-time modulation according to claim 1, wherein the spectral splitting means (2) comprises a dispersive splitting means for splitting light of different wavelengths, the dispersive splitting means being realized with means having spectral power, including gratings or prisms.
5. The non-repetitive spectrum high speed measurement system based on space-time modulation according to claim 1, wherein the spectrum converging means (3) is realized by a lens or a concave mirror; the spectrum converging part (3) irradiates light with different wavelengths to micromirrors of different columns of the spatial light modulator (4) sequentially from small to large.
6. The non-repetitive spectral high speed measurement system based on spatial and temporal modulation according to claim 1, wherein the spatial light modulator (4) is implemented with components having spatial light modulation capability, including a liquid crystal spatial light modulator or a micro mirror array.
7. The non-repetitive spectral high speed measurement system based on spatio-temporal modulation according to claim 1, wherein the imaging lens (5) is a telescopic lens, a micro lens, a single lens or a lens group.
8. The non-repetitive spectral high speed measurement system based on spatial and temporal modulation according to claim 1, wherein the detector (6) is a two-dimensional optical detection device with spatial resolution capability, in particular comprising: charge coupled devices, enhanced charge coupled devices, photodiode arrays or CMOS arrays.
9. The non-repetitive spectrum high speed measurement system based on space-time modulation according to claim 1, wherein the reconstruction algorithm adopted by the storage calculation module (8) is a linear equation solving algorithm;
the linear equation solving algorithm includes: matching tracking algorithm MP, orthogonal matching tracking algorithm OMP, base tracking algorithm BP, greedy reconstruction algorithm, LASSO, LARS, GPSR, bayesian estimation algorithm, magic, IST, TV, stOMP, coSaMP, LBI, SP, l1_ls, smp algorithm, spaRSA algorithm, twaiST algorithm, l 0 Reconstruction algorithm, l 1 Reconstruction algorithm, l 2 Reconstruction algorithms, least squares, maximum likelihood methods, logistic regression algorithms, ridge regression algorithms, lasso algorithms, or gradient descent algorithms.
10. A non-repetitive spectrum high-speed measurement method based on space-time modulation, implemented based on the system of one of claims 1-9, the method comprising:
step 1, a control module (7) generates t random modulation matrixes a with pixel sizes of m multiplied by n i T random modulation matrices a i Transmitting the data to the spatial light modulator (4) and the storage calculation module (8) according to fixed frequency;
step 2, forming parallel light by the optical signal of the target to be measured through the collimating component (1);
step 3, the parallel light passes through the spectrum converging component (3) to make the wavelength range be lambda 1 -λ n The spectral bands of the spatial light modulator (4) are sequentially irradiated to the micromirrors of different columns from small to large according to the wavelength;
the pixel size of the spatial light modulator (4) is m x n;
any column b of the spatial light modulator (4) k Wavelength lambda of spectrum signal corresponding to m pixels on k.ltoreq.n k K is less than or equal to n and is the same;
the spatial light modulator (4) is based on t random modulation matrices a i High-speed modulating the high-speed spectrum signal according to the fixed frequency, wherein the imaging result of the ith modulation result on the detector (6) is y i ；
The detector (6) collects the high-speed modulation result y of t times in the exposure time i Is a two-dimensional matrix
The pixel size of the detector (6) is p×q;
the corresponding relation between the detector (6) and each pixel of the spatial light modulator (4) passes through the matrix
Representing, matrix->
The pixel size of (p×q) × (m×n);
step 4, the detector (6) transmits the measurement result Y to the storage calculation module (8), and the storage calculation module (8) calculates the measurement result Y according to the matrix
And carrying out data preprocessing on the measurement result Y and t random modulation matrixes, and carrying out high-speed spectrum signal reconstruction by using a reconstruction algorithm.
11. The method for non-repetitive spectrum high-speed measurement based on space-time modulation according to claim 10, wherein the implementation method of the data preprocessing and reconstruction algorithm in step 4 comprises:
step 4A-1, a storage calculation module (8) stretches a two-dimensional measurement result Y of the detector (6) into a column vector Y with the size of (p multiplied by q) multiplied by 1;
according to
Matrix and column vector y, solving the equation +.>
Column vector s in (a);
splicing S into a two-dimensional matrix S with the size of m multiplied by n, and obtaining the accumulation of the modulation results of each pixel on the spatial light modulator (4) on the spectral bands;
step 4A-2, the storage calculation module (8) sequentially stores t random modulation matrixes a i Is taken out from the kth column of the matrix, and is spliced into a space-time measurement matrix A with the size of m multiplied by t k ,k≤n；
Simultaneously taking out the kth column S of the two-dimensional matrix S k Solving S by using reconstruction algorithm k ＝A k The variable x in x, the acquisition wavelength is lambda k The spectral information of the signal at time 0-t varies, and step 4A-2 is repeated until k=n.
12. The method for non-repetitive spectrum high-speed measurement based on space-time modulation according to claim 10, wherein the implementation method of the data preprocessing and reconstruction algorithm in step 4 comprises:
step 4B-1, the memory calculation module (8) sequentially stores t random modulation matrixes a i Is taken out from the kth column of the matrix A, and is spliced into a matrix A with the size of m multiplied by t k ,k≤n；
Stretching the two-dimensional measurement result Y of the detector (6) into a column vector Y with the size of (p multiplied by q) multiplied by 1;
step 4B-2, storing the A by the computing module (8) k As elements, a diagonal matrix is constructed
A is a space-time measurement matrix;
step 4B-3, storing the calculation module (8) according to the equation
Solving a variable x by using a reconstruction algorithm to obtain a wavelength lambda 1 -λ k The spectral information of the signal of (c) varies over the time 0-t.
13. The method for high-speed measurement of non-repetitive spectrum based on space-time modulation according to claim 11 or 12, wherein the 1 st step in step 4 further comprises:
step 4-1, the control module (7) generates j random modulation matrices b with pixel sizes of m×n i ；
J random modulation matrices b i Transmitting to the spatial light modulator (4) at a fixed frequency;
will modulate matrix b i Stretching into a row as an ith row of a measurement matrix M until i=j, and sending the measurement matrix M to a storage calculation module (8), wherein the matrix size of the measurement matrix M is j× (m×n);
step 4-2, utilizing uniform light to illuminate the optical system, and enabling the spatial light modulator (4) to randomly modulate the signal j times according to the fixed frequency;
the detector (6) performs j imaging detections on the modulated signal at the same frequency as the spatial light modulator (4), and detects the result I i I is less than or equal to j and is sent to a storage calculation module (8);
step 4-3, the storage calculation module (8) stores the detection result I i Stretching into a row as the ith row of the final measurement result I until i=j, the matrix size of the final measurement result I being j× (p×q);
the memory calculation module (8) is according to the equation
Calculating the corresponding relation of each pixel of the detector (6) and the spatial light modulator (4) by using a linear equation solving algorithm>
/>
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