CN116147758A - Portable real ship mechanical noise rapid test evaluation device and evaluation method - Google Patents
Portable real ship mechanical noise rapid test evaluation device and evaluation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a portable real ship mechanical noise rapid test evaluation device and an evaluation method, comprising the steps of constructing a real ship vibration reduction and isolation system model (a vibration reduction and isolation system sound vibration source sub-model and a sound vibration response sub-model); based on the sound vibration source sub-model, testing vibration and noise data when the vibration reduction and isolation system operates; based on the acoustic vibration response sub-model, respectively acquiring acoustic vibration response and transfer functions of all subsystems; based on the vibration reduction and isolation characteristic evaluation module, the vibration reduction and isolation quantity, impedance, vibration intensity and the like of the system are obtained, and the vibration reduction and isolation effect of the system is rapidly evaluated; based on a real ship sound vibration evaluation module, calculating vibration response, cabin noise and underwater radiation noise of a subsystem to be evaluated under different working conditions through sound vibration transfer functions; based on a real ship test database and an energy superposition principle, the vibration response, cabin noise and underwater radiation noise of the position are checked under the current working condition and vibration reduction and isolation design. The invention can rapidly and accurately evaluate the vibration reduction and isolation effect, vibration response, cabin noise and underwater radiation noise of the multi-source vibration reduction and isolation system under different working conditions, and has wide applicability and simple implementation process.
Description
Technical field:
the invention relates to the technical field of ship vibration reduction and noise reduction, in particular to a portable real ship mechanical noise rapid test evaluation device and an evaluation method.
The background technology is as follows:
the ship vibration reduction and isolation system mainly comprises structures such as equipment, raft frames, vibration isolators, bases and the like, the operation of mechanical equipment is one of important reasons for causing local vibration, cabin noise and underwater radiation noise of the ship, the vibration reduction and isolation performance of the mechanical equipment is evaluated, real ship vibration response, cabin noise and underwater radiation noise are obtained based on the mechanical equipment, and the ship vibration reduction and isolation system has the effect of weight bearing for grasping the acoustic state and tactical strategy determination of each ship vibration reduction and isolation system during operation; in addition, when the state of the vibration reduction and isolation system of the ship is changed (equipment maintenance or vibration isolator replacement and the like), if the sound vibration characteristics of the system are further required to be mastered, a large number of real ship tests or numerical simulation are often carried out, and if the sound vibration characteristics of the vibration reduction and isolation system can be rapidly evaluated, the method has important significance on the accessibility of acoustic indexes of the ship and the design of low noise.
The invention comprises the following steps:
the invention aims to provide a portable real ship mechanical noise rapid test evaluation device and an evaluation method, which are used for solving the technical problems in the prior art, and can be used for carrying out acoustic performance test evaluation on a ship vibration reduction and isolation system and carrying out rapid and accurate evaluation on the real ship sound vibration characteristics, and have wide applicability and simple implementation process.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention is implemented by the following technical scheme: the invention provides a portable real ship mechanical noise rapid test and evaluation device which comprises a real ship model building module, a data acquisition and analysis module, a vibration reduction and isolation characteristic evaluation module, a database module and a real ship sound vibration evaluation module;
the model construction module is used for constructing a vibration noise model of the real ship vibration reduction and isolation system; the vibration noise reduction and isolation system model of the real ship comprises a vibration source sub-model and a vibration response sub-model of the vibration reduction and isolation system;
the data acquisition and analysis module is used for respectively acquiring the sound vibration response and transfer function of the vibration reduction and isolation system based on the sound vibration source sub-model and the sound vibration response sub-model of the vibration reduction and isolation system;
the vibration reduction and isolation characteristic evaluation module is used for rapidly calculating relevant index parameters of the vibration reduction and isolation characteristic of the system according to the sound vibration response of the vibration reduction and isolation system acquired by the data acquisition and analysis module, acquiring vibration isolation quantity, base impedance, vibration intensity and the like, and evaluating the vibration reduction and isolation characteristic of the system;
the database module stores information such as vibration noise source characteristics, vibration reduction and isolation characteristics, sound vibration transfer function, real ship evaluation model and the like of the multi-source vibration reduction and isolation system under different working conditions according to the sound vibration response and transfer function of the vibration reduction and isolation system acquired by the data acquisition and analysis module;
the real ship sound vibration evaluation module is based on a database module and an energy superposition principle to finish evaluation of position vibration response, cabin noise and underwater radiation noise under the current working condition and vibration reduction and isolation design.
Preferably, the vibration reduction and isolation system sound vibration source sub-model is constructed based on structures such as equipment bases, vibration isolators, raft frames and the like in the vibration reduction and isolation system; the acoustic vibration response sub-model is constructed based on other structures to be evaluated in the vibration reduction and isolation system.
Preferably, the data acquisition and analysis module is connected with and controls data acquisition hardware, including an acceleration sensor, a microphone and the like, so as to obtain vibration and noise response in the vibration reduction and isolation system.
The invention also provides a test and evaluation method for the vibration noise of the real ship vibration reduction and isolation system, which comprises the following steps:
s1, constructing a real ship vibration reduction and isolation system model based on each substructure of the vibration reduction and isolation system, wherein the real ship vibration reduction and isolation system model comprises a vibration reduction and isolation system sound vibration source sub-model and a vibration response sub-model;
s2, testing vibration and noise data of the vibration reduction and isolation system during operation based on the sound vibration source sub-model;
s3, based on the acoustic vibration response sub-model, respectively acquiring acoustic vibration response and transfer functions of each subsystem;
s4, acquiring vibration isolation quantity, impedance, vibration intensity and the like of the system based on the vibration reduction and isolation characteristic evaluation module, and rapidly evaluating the vibration reduction and isolation effect of the system;
s5, calculating vibration response, cabin noise and underwater radiation noise of the subsystem to be evaluated under different working conditions through the sound vibration transfer function based on the real ship sound vibration evaluation module;
s6, based on a real ship test database and an energy superposition principle, the assessment of position vibration response, cabin noise and underwater radiation noise is completed under the current working condition and vibration reduction and isolation design.
Preferably, in the step S1, the vibration reduction and isolation system sound vibration source sub-model is constructed based on a device base, a vibration isolator, a raft frame and other structures in the vibration reduction and isolation system; the acoustic vibration response sub-model is constructed based on other structures to be evaluated in the vibration reduction and isolation system.
Preferably, in the step S2, the data collecting and analyzing module is connected to and controls data collecting hardware, including an acceleration sensor, a microphone, and the like, so as to obtain vibration and noise responses in the vibration reduction and isolation system.
Preferably, in the step S3, a test method, a finite element analysis method, and a theoretical calculation method are respectively adopted to obtain transfer functions of each substructure in the vibration reduction and isolation system.
Preferably, in the step S5, the vibration response, cabin noise and underwater radiation noise of the subsystem under different working conditions are calculated based on the linear system transfer function invariance principle.
Preferably, in the step S6, based on the real ship test database and the energy superposition principle, the evaluation of the vibration response of the checking position, the cabin noise and the underwater radiation noise is completed under the current working condition and the vibration reduction and isolation design.
The invention discloses the following technical effects:
(1) According to the invention, ship mechanical equipment is used as vibration and noise sources, acoustic vibration response in the system is obtained through real ship data acquisition, the vibration reduction and isolation performance of the system is rapidly evaluated based on related index parameters (vibration isolation quantity, base impedance, vibration intensity and the like) of vibration reduction and isolation characteristics of the system, the acoustic vibration response of the vibration reduction and isolation system under different working conditions is calculated based on a linear system transfer function invariance principle, and the typical assessment position vibration response, cabin noise and underwater radiation noise are rapidly and accurately evaluated under the current working conditions and vibration reduction and isolation design based on a real ship test database and an energy superposition principle, so that the method is wide in applicability and simple in implementation process.
(2) When the vibration response, cabin noise and underwater radiation noise of the typical assessment position of the real ship are obtained, the test, the finite element analysis and the theoretical calculation are comprehensively adopted, compared with a method only adopting the test, a large amount of workload is saved, compared with the finite element calculation, the method is simple in implementation, compared with the theoretical analysis, the method does not need to solve a complex coupling equation set, and meanwhile the rapidity and the accuracy of an assessment result are guaranteed.
(3) When the state of the ship vibration reduction and isolation system is changed (equipment maintenance or vibration isolator replacement and the like) during real ship sound vibration response evaluation, a complex finite element model is not required to be established and a large number of real ship test works are not required to be carried out, only the source characteristic parameters of the vibration reduction and isolation system are required to be tested, and the accessibility of the acoustic indexes is re-evaluated based on the transfer function invariance principle.
Description of the drawings:
in order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a portable real ship mechanical noise rapid test and evaluation device;
fig. 2 is a schematic working diagram of each module of the vibration noise testing and evaluating device of the real ship vibration reduction and isolation system in the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a test and evaluation method for vibration noise of the real ship vibration reduction and isolation system;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a theoretical model for testing and evaluating sound vibration characteristics of a vibration reduction and isolation system in the embodiment of the invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a test and evaluation structure of vibration noise of a real ship vibration reduction and isolation system in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 6 is a diagram of a fast prediction principle of sound vibration characteristics of a multi-source excited real ship in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a model for rapidly forecasting the sound vibration characteristics of a real ship vibration reduction and isolation system in an embodiment of the invention;
the specific embodiment is as follows:
the following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the invention provides a vibration noise testing and evaluating device of a real ship vibration reduction and isolation system, which comprises a real ship model building module, a data acquisition and analysis module, a vibration reduction and isolation characteristic evaluating module, a database module and a real ship sound vibration evaluating module;
the model construction module is used for constructing a vibration noise model of the real ship vibration reduction and isolation system; the vibration noise reduction and isolation system model of the real ship comprises a vibration source sub-model and a vibration response sub-model of the vibration reduction and isolation system;
the data acquisition and analysis module is used for respectively acquiring the sound vibration response and transfer function of the vibration reduction and isolation system based on the sound vibration source sub-model and the sound vibration response sub-model of the vibration reduction and isolation system;
the vibration reduction and isolation characteristic evaluation module is used for rapidly calculating relevant index parameters of the vibration reduction and isolation characteristic of the system according to the sound vibration response of the vibration reduction and isolation system acquired by the data acquisition and analysis module, acquiring vibration isolation quantity, base impedance, vibration intensity and the like, and evaluating the vibration reduction and isolation characteristic of the system;
the database module stores information such as vibration noise source characteristics, vibration reduction and isolation characteristics, sound vibration transfer function, real ship evaluation model and the like of the multi-source vibration reduction and isolation system under different working conditions according to the sound vibration response and transfer function of the vibration reduction and isolation system acquired by the data acquisition and analysis module;
the real ship sound vibration evaluation module is based on a database module and an energy superposition principle to finish evaluation of position vibration response, cabin noise and underwater radiation noise under the current working condition and vibration reduction and isolation design.
Referring to fig. 3, the embodiment provides a test and evaluation method for vibration noise of a real ship vibration reduction and isolation system, which comprises the following steps:
s1, constructing a real ship vibration reduction and isolation system model based on each substructure of the vibration reduction and isolation system;
the real ship vibration reduction and isolation system model comprises a vibration reduction and isolation system sound vibration source sub-model and a sound vibration response sub-model; the sound vibration source sub-model of the vibration reduction and isolation system is constructed based on the structures of an equipment base, a vibration isolator, a raft frame and the like in the vibration reduction and isolation system; the sound vibration response sub-model is constructed based on other structures to be evaluated in the vibration reduction and isolation system, such as a pipeline system, a deck, a bulkhead and the like; the vibration reduction and isolation system is used as a vibration noise source, the vibration reduction and isolation performance of the system is measured by vibration isolation quantity, impedance, vibration intensity and the like, and the structural sound vibration transmission characteristics are described by impedance, transfer function and the like, so that the purpose of establishing a simplified model of the vibration reduction and isolation system is achieved.
S2, testing vibration and noise data of the vibration reduction and isolation system during operation based on the sound vibration source sub-model;
in the embodiment, the measurement of vibration noise data refers to GJB 4058-2000 "method for measuring noise and vibration of Ship equipment".
S3, based on the acoustic vibration response sub-model, respectively acquiring acoustic vibration response and transfer functions of each subsystem;
s4, acquiring vibration isolation quantity, impedance, vibration intensity and the like of the system based on the vibration reduction and isolation characteristic evaluation module, and rapidly evaluating the vibration reduction and isolation effect of the system;
the theoretical model structure for testing and evaluating the sound vibration characteristics of the vibration reduction and isolation system in the embodiment of the invention is shown in fig. 4, wherein the vibration response of the vibration acceleration sensor testing system is arranged on the equipment machine leg, the vibration isolation device and the equipment base of the vibration reduction and isolation system, the sound pressure response of the microphone testing system is arranged on the side close to the equipment, the user acquires the actual measurement data through the data acquisition system, and the vibration reduction and isolation performance evaluation of the system is performed based on the actual measurement data, including the transfer function, the impedance, the vibration intensity, the vibration isolation quantity, the radiation noise and the like,
(1) The transfer function is expressed as:
H i ＝A i (w)/F i (w)
wherein H is i Is a transfer function; a is that i (w) is the vibration acceleration of the base; f (F) i And (w) is the excitation force of the corresponding frequency.
(2) The impedance is expressed as:
Z i ＝F i (w)/A i (w)
wherein Z is i Is impedance; a is that i (w) is the vibration acceleration of the base; f (F) i And (w) is the excitation force of the corresponding frequency.
(3) Vibration intensity
Referring to the ISO2372 standard, the equipment operation class is classified into 4 classes, class a, according to the effective value of the vibration speed: good, class B: allow, stage C: tolerable, class D: not allowed.
(4) Vibration isolation amount of system
The vibration isolation quantity is used for calculating the vibration isolation performance of the vibration isolation element, and the evaluation work is completed through measurement and analysis of the vibration acceleration response of the machine leg and the base. The vibration isolation amount of the system can be obtained by the following formula:
Δ＝L machine foot a -L A base
Wherein Δ represents the vibration isolation amount, L Machine foot a Representing a vibration acceleration level at a foot of the device; l (L) A base Representing a vibration acceleration level at the base of the device, wherein the vibration acceleration level is obtained by energy averaging from a plurality of measurement points, specifically as follows:
wherein L is i Representing the vibration acceleration level of the i-th measurement point.
(5) Radiation noise
The radiation noise of the vibration isolation system is generally estimated based on the sound pressure level of the measuring point, and the expression of the sound pressure level is as follows:
wherein p is the test sound pressure, p 0 Representing a reference sound pressure value of 2×10 in air -5 Pa, in water of 1X 10 - 6 Pa。
The sound source level expression is:
SL＝L p +20lg(d)
in the formula, d is the distance from the sound pressure measuring point to the structure.
S5, calculating vibration response, cabin noise and underwater radiation noise of the subsystem to be evaluated under different working conditions through the sound vibration transfer function based on the real ship sound vibration evaluation module;
as shown in fig. 5, in the present embodiment, 6 vibration acceleration sensors are provided for the vibration response of the vibration reduction and isolation system, and the test result is (a 1 ，a 2 ，a 3 ，a 4 ，a 5 ，a 6 ) The cabin noise was provided with 2 microphones, and the test result was (p 1 ，p 2 ) Wherein the acceleration sensors 1-4 are diagonally arranged on the equipment foot and the base, respectively, according to the steps ofS4, vibration isolation amount of the vibration isolation system can be obtained through the sensors 1-4:
in the method, in the process of the invention,
mean value of the vibration acceleration level for both the horn 1 and the horn 3, < >>
The vibration acceleration levels for base 2 and base 4 are averaged.
The acceleration sensors 5, 6, the microphones 1, 2 are two cabin vibration responses and cabin noise checking positions, respectively, the vibration acceleration sensor 2 (base measuring point) is used as a system transfer function input, and each vibration response and cabin noise transfer function is expressed as:
where the subscript zd denotes the vibration transfer function and zs denotes the noise transfer function.
When the state of the vibration reduction and isolation system of the ship is changed (rotating speed or power is changed, equipment is maintained, a vibration isolator is replaced, and the like), the source characteristic parameters (base input load) of the vibration reduction and isolation system are usually changed, the embodiment does not need to recalculate the test point vibration response according to a finite element model or carry out a large number of real ship tests, only needs to test the base vibration acceleration of the vibration reduction and isolation system, and reevaluates the accessibility of vibration and acoustic indexes of the vibration reduction and isolation system based on the transfer function invariance principle, wherein the base vibration acceleration is a 'when the state of the vibration reduction and isolation system is changed' 2 The vibration response and sound pressure corresponding to the checking point are as follows:
s6, based on a real ship test database and an energy superposition principle, the assessment of position vibration response, cabin noise and underwater radiation noise is completed under the current working condition and vibration reduction and isolation design.
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of fast prediction of real ship sound vibration characteristics under multi-source excitation, and in brief, based on the real ship vibration reduction and isolation system model established in steps S1-S4, a system sound vibration characteristic database is called, based on step S5, real ship vibration response, cabin noise and underwater radiation noise under single-source excitation are obtained, multi-source equipment is started in consideration of actual working conditions, and based on the energy superposition principle, ship sound vibration characteristic evaluation under multi-source excitation is completed.
Fig. 7 is a model for rapidly forecasting sound and vibration characteristics of a real ship vibration reduction and isolation system according to an embodiment of the present invention, considering multi-source excitation devices (n systems), and the sound and vibration response of each structure under single-source excitation is:
in which A i Representing the vibration response of the ith source-excited device, H zdi ,H kqi ,H sxi Representing the vibration response, cabin noise and underwater radiation noise transfer function of the ith source excitation device to each examination point, A zdi ,P kqi ,P sxi Representing the structural vibration response, cabin noise, and underwater radiation noise caused by the ith source excitation device.
For the structural acoustic vibration response caused by the multi-source excitation equipment, after the structural acoustic vibration response under single-source excitation is obtained, the structural integral acoustic vibration response is obtained based on the energy superposition principle, and the specific formula is as follows:
wherein LT is i And the response level (acceleration level/sound pressure level) from the ith source excitation device to each examination point is represented, LQ represents the total vibration response, cabin air noise and underwater radiation noise caused by n source excitation devices, and the vibration noise test and evaluation of the vibration reduction and isolation system of the real ship are completed.
The above embodiments are only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention without departing from the design spirit of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. The portable real ship mechanical noise rapid test evaluation device is characterized by comprising a real ship model construction module, a data acquisition and analysis module, a vibration reduction and isolation characteristic evaluation module, a database module and a real ship sound vibration evaluation module;
the real ship model construction module is used for constructing a real ship vibration reduction and isolation system vibration noise model, and the real ship vibration reduction and isolation system vibration noise model comprises a vibration reduction and isolation system sound vibration source sub-model and a sound vibration response sub-model;
the data acquisition and analysis module is used for acquiring the sound vibration response and transfer function of the vibration reduction and isolation system based on the sound vibration source sub-model and the sound vibration response sub-model of the vibration reduction and isolation system;
the vibration reduction and isolation characteristic evaluation module is used for rapidly calculating relevant index parameters of the vibration reduction and isolation characteristic of the system according to the sound vibration response of the vibration reduction and isolation system acquired by the data acquisition and analysis module, and is used for acquiring vibration isolation quantity, base impedance and vibration intensity and evaluating the vibration reduction and isolation characteristic of the system;
the database module stores the vibration noise source characteristics, vibration reduction and isolation characteristics, the sound vibration transfer function and real ship evaluation model information of the multi-source vibration reduction and isolation system under different working conditions according to the sound vibration response and the transfer function of the vibration reduction and isolation system acquired by the data acquisition and analysis module;
the real ship sound vibration evaluation module is constructed based on a database module and an energy superposition principle and is used for completing position vibration response, cabin noise and underwater radiation noise evaluation under the current working condition and vibration reduction and isolation design.
2. The portable real ship mechanical noise rapid test and evaluation device according to claim 1, wherein the vibration reduction and isolation system sound vibration source sub-model is constructed based on a device base, a vibration isolator and a raft frame in a vibration reduction and isolation system; the acoustic vibration response sub-model is constructed based on other structures to be evaluated in the vibration reduction and isolation system.
3. The portable real ship mechanical noise rapid test and assessment device according to claim 1, wherein the data acquisition and analysis module is connected to and controls data acquisition hardware, including an acceleration sensor and a microphone, for obtaining vibration and noise responses in the vibration reduction and isolation system.
4. A real ship mechanical noise rapid test evaluation method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, constructing a real ship vibration reduction and isolation system model based on each substructure of the vibration reduction and isolation system, wherein the real ship vibration reduction and isolation system model comprises a vibration reduction and isolation system sound vibration source sub-model and a vibration response sub-model;
s2, testing vibration and noise data of the vibration reduction and isolation system during operation based on the sound vibration source sub-model;
s3, based on the acoustic vibration response sub-model, respectively acquiring acoustic vibration response and transfer functions of each subsystem;
s4, acquiring the vibration isolation quantity, the impedance and the vibration intensity of the system based on the vibration reduction and isolation characteristic evaluation module, and rapidly evaluating the vibration reduction and isolation effect of the system;
s5, calculating vibration response, cabin noise and underwater radiation noise of the subsystem to be evaluated under different working conditions through the sound vibration transfer function based on the real ship sound vibration evaluation module;
s6, based on a real ship test database and an energy superposition principle, the assessment of position vibration response, cabin noise and underwater radiation noise is completed under the current working condition and vibration reduction and isolation design.
5. The method for rapidly evaluating the mechanical noise of the real ship according to claim 4, wherein in the step S1, the sound vibration source sub-model of the vibration reduction and isolation system is constructed based on the structures of an equipment base, a vibration isolator, a raft frame and the like in the vibration reduction and isolation system; the acoustic vibration response sub-model is constructed based on other structures to be evaluated in the vibration reduction and isolation system.
6. The method for rapidly testing and evaluating the mechanical noise of a real ship according to claim 4, wherein in the step S2, the data acquisition and analysis module is connected with and controls data acquisition hardware, including an acceleration sensor, a microphone, etc., to obtain vibration and noise responses in the vibration reduction and isolation system.
7. The method for rapidly evaluating the mechanical noise of the real ship according to claim 4, wherein in the step S3, a test method, a finite element analysis method and a theoretical calculation method are respectively adopted to obtain the transfer function of each substructure in the vibration reduction and isolation system.
8. The method according to claim 4, wherein in step S5, the vibration response, cabin noise and underwater radiation noise of the subsystem under different working conditions are calculated based on the linear system transfer function invariance principle.
9. The method for rapidly testing and evaluating the mechanical noise of the real ship according to claim 4, wherein in the step S6, the evaluation of the vibration response of the test position, the cabin noise and the underwater radiation noise is completed under the current working condition and the vibration reduction and isolation design based on the real ship test database and the energy superposition principle.
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| CN117012231A (en) * | 2023-10-07 | 2023-11-07 | 中国铁路设计集团有限公司 | Method for identifying noise sources of adjacent rooms caused by indoor equipment |
| CN117012231B (en) * | 2023-10-07 | 2023-12-12 | 中国铁路设计集团有限公司 | Method for identifying noise sources of adjacent rooms caused by indoor equipment |
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