CN1161455C - Strain Producing remarkable amount of epsilon-poly-L-Lysine and process for producing same - Google Patents
Strain Producing remarkable amount of epsilon-poly-L-Lysine and process for producing same Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a strain which has higher capacity for generating epsilon-poly-L-lysine than that of a conventional epsilon-poly-L-lysine producing strain and can improve the production rate of the epsilon-poly-L-lysine, or an improve strain thereof and a method for largely producing the epsilon-poly-L-lysine by using the strain. According to the method for producing the epsilon-poly-L-lysine, microbes which belong to small streptomyces albus and have high capacity for generating epsilon-poly-L-lysine are mutagenized so as to obtain a strain which can be used for largely producing the epsilon-poly-L-lysine and have resistance to S-(2-aminoethyl)-L-cysteine with the concentration of 10 mg/ml or higher than 10 mg/ml, the strain is cultivated in a culture medium under a good weather condition, and the epsilon-poly-L-cysteine formed in the culture medium is collected.
Description
Invention field
The present invention relates to produce in a large number the bacterial strain of epsilon-poly-L-lysine (to call ε PL in the following text) and utilize this strain fermentation to produce the method for ε PL.
Because ε PL is the polymkeric substance of indispensable amino acid L-Methionin, it is safe, because its high-cation content, it has unique physical property.Therefore, expect that it can be used for aspects such as makeup, cosmetic products, fodder additives, medicament, sterilant, food additive, electronic equipment.Particularly in the food additive field, it has been subjected to people's attention as natural additive.
Background technology
Method as fermentation production of epsilon PL, known have a kind of method (Japanese Patent of concluding open 59-20359), this method is included in and cultivates little streptomyces albus lysinopolymerus subspecies 346-D (FERM P-3834) in the substratum, this bacterial strain is from the isolating product of nature ε PL bacterial strain, belong to streptomyces, from substratum, separate and purifying epsilon PL then.Also has another kind of currently known methods (open 3-42070 of the Japanese Patent of concluding or the open 3-78998 of the Japanese Patent of concluding), this method comprises carries out mutagenic treatment to little streptomyces albus lysinopolymerus subspecies 346-D, it is converted into L-lysine analogues S-(2-amino-ethyl)-L-halfcystine is had the mutant of resistance, in substratum, cultivate the gained mutant, be little streptomyces albus lysinopolymerus subspecies 11011A-1 (FERMBP-1109), from substratum, separate and purifying epsilon PL then.
Produce the cheap ε PL that can satisfy various uses, with regard to ε PL output and conversion of glucose efficient, even use above-mentioned 11011A-1 bacterial strain also also unsatisfactory.Therefore need to obtain to produce bacterial strain and a kind of method of using above-mentioned bacterial strains to produce ε PL effectively in industrial cheapness that ε PL ability improves.
The contriver has carried out big quantity research, attempts to obtain to produce bacterial strain with conventional ε PL and compares the bacterial strain that ε PL generative capacity is higher or its mutant.The result, found to concentration to be that the mutant that 10mg/ml or higher S-(2-amino-ethyl)-L-halfcystine (hereinafter referred to as AEC) have a resistance may be the bacterial strain with a large amount of generation ε PL abilities, supported described bacterial strain by good air culture in substratum and can produce ε PL in a large number.According to these discoveries, finished the present invention.
According to the above, the purpose of this invention is to provide and produce bacterial strain with conventional ε PL and compare, therefore the bacterial strain that ε PL generative capacity is higher or its improved strain can improve the productive rate of ε PL; The method of utilizing this bacterial strain to produce ε PL in a large number at an easy rate also is provided.
Summary of the invention
The present invention includes following technology contents:
1). can produce the bacterial strain of epsilon-poly-L-lysine in a large number, it is to obtain by the microorganism that belongs to little streptomyces albus, has an epsilon-poly-L-lysine generative capacity is carried out mutagenic treatment, is that 10mg/ml or higher S-(2-amino-ethyl)-L-halfcystine have resistance to concentration.
2). can produce the bacterial strain B21021 (preserving number FERM BP-5926) of epsilon-poly-L-lysine in a large number, this bacterial strain obtains by little streptomyces albus lysinopolymerus subspecies 11011A-1 bacterial strain (FERM BP-1109) being carried out mutagenic treatment, is that 10mg/ml or higher S-(2-amino-ethyl)-L-halfcystine have resistance to concentration.
3). produce the method for epsilon-poly-L-lysine, be included in the substratum good air culture support belong to streptomyces, be that 10mg/ml or higher S-(2-amino-ethyl)-L-halfcystine have resistance and have the microorganism of epsilon-poly-L-lysine generative capacity to concentration, be collected in and form in the substratum and the epsilon-poly-L-lysine of accumulation.
4). produce the method for epsilon-poly-L-lysine, be included in the substratum good air culture and support above-mentioned 2) described in the B21021 bacterial strain, be collected in and form in the substratum and the epsilon-poly-L-lysine of accumulation.
Be used for the analog that AEC of the present invention is a L-Methionin (analogue), itself and the difference structurally of L-Methionin only are that going up sulphur atom for 4 has replaced carbon atom.Add the inhibition that AEC causes microorganism growth in substratum, when using with the L-Threonine, growth-inhibiting is more obvious and strong.
Disclosed bacterial strain 11011A-1 is that ε PL produces bacterial strain in the open 3-42070 of the Japanese Patent of concluding, its analogue AEC to L-Methionin has resistance, it is to screen in the presence of concentration is the AEC of 2mg/ml, be can grow under 5mg/ml or the lower AEC in concentration only, AEC concentration reaches 10mg/ml or higher can not the growth.
Improved strain of the present invention is to be that screening obtains under 10mg/ml or the higher condition in AEC concentration, is the microorganism that belongs to streptomyces, even is still can grow under the condition of 40mg/ml in AEC concentration.In addition, the bacteria characteristic of this improved strain and parent strain 1101A-1 has the part difference.
The microorganism that belong to streptomyces, can produce ε PL can be used as the parent strain that is used for obtaining improved strain.Wherein, preferred little streptomyces albus lysinopolymerus subspecies 11011A-1 bacterial strain (FERM BP-1109).
" mutagenic treatment " in this article refers to the processing that causes microorganism (bacterial strain) sudden change that belongs to streptomyces, can produce ε PL, thereby acquisition is the improved strain that 10mg/m1 or higher AEC have resistance to concentration.The example of mutagenic treatment method comprises that methyl-N '-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (to call NTG in the following text) to concentration is 0.1 to 3 milligram of every milliliter of damping fluid to adding N-, makes bacterial strain contact 10 minutes to 2 hours method with NTG; Make bacterial strain accept 100 to 1000J/cm
2The method of treatment with uv radiation; Method with chemical treatments bacterial strains such as 5-bromouracil; With other conventional chemical or physical mutagenesis treatment process.
Example through the screening method of the bacterial strain of mutagenic treatment comprises inoculating strain to basic nutrient agar, and having added AEC in every milliliter of substratum is 10mg or higher to concentration, and L-Threonine to concentration is 1mg, is collected in the bacterial strain of growing in the substratum.
The present invention below is described in detail in detail.
Obtaining the present invention, high density AEC to be had the illustrative example of bacterial strain of resistance as follows.The spore that produces the little streptomyces albus lysinopolymerus of ε PL bacterial strain subspecies 11011A-1 bacterial strain is suspended in the tris-toxilic acid damping fluid (pH6.0).In suspension, add NTG to 1.5mg/ml, spore with NTG37 ℃ under contact 60 minutes.The gained spore is collected by centrifugation, with phosphoric acid buffer (0.05M, pH7.0) washing, liquid nutrient media (glucose: 5%, ammonium sulfate: 1%, yeast extract: 0.5%, K
2HPO
4: 0.08%, KH
2PO
4: 0.136%, MgSO
47H
2O:0.05%, ZnSO
47H
2O:0.004%, FeSO
47H
2O:0.003%, pH6.8, wherein % represents g/dl%) in be incubated overnight.Centrifugal collecting cell then, with phosphoric acid buffer (0.05M, pH7.0) washing, the basic nutrient agar that contains 20mg/ml AEC and 1mg/ml L-Threonine (glucose: 5%, ammonium sulfate: 1%, K
2HPO
4: 0.08%, KH
2PO
4: 0.136%, MgSO
47H
2O:0.05%, ZnSO
47H
2O:0.004%, FeSO
47H
2O:0.003%, pH6.8, agar: 1.5%, wherein % represents g/dl%) the middle berth flat board, 30 ℃ of incubations 3 to 4 days.Collect the bacterium colony that forms.That estimates gained has the ε PL productive rate of the bacterial strain of resistance to high density AEC.The result, the bacterial strain that productive rate is the highest is little streptomyces albus lysinopolymerus subspecies the B21021 ((1-3 of Industrial Technology Institute life engineering Industrial Technology Research Institute of Ministry of International Trade and Industry, Higashi 1-chome, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki-ken, 305, Japan), international preserving number: FERM BP-5926, be on April 18th, 1997 according to budapest treaty by original preservation (FERM P-15193, original preservation day: September 20 nineteen ninety-five) transfer international preservation to), secondly be bacterial strain B 211 07 and B22201.
High density AEC had of the resistance following evaluation of the improved strain of resistance to AEC.Each resistant strain is seeded in the basic nutrient agar (as above-mentioned), and the concentration that adds AEC in the substratum is as shown in table 1 below, and the concentration of L-Threonine is 1mg/ml, 30 ℃ of incubations 2 to 7 days, visual inspection growing state.The results are shown in table 1.Parent strain 11011A-1 can be observed growth in AEC concentration during for 5mg/ml, but does not see growth when concentration is 10mg/ml, and high density resistant strain B21021 even when AEC concentration is 40mg/ml, still can see growth.Improved strain of the present invention has resistance to high density AEC, and in this respect, it can be distinguished clearly with parent strain.
Table 1
The test strain AEC concentration incubation time (my god)
(mg/ml) 2 3 4 5 6 7
B21021 5 + + + + + +
10 + + + + + +
20 + + + + + +
40 - - ± + + +
B22107 5 + + + + + +
10 + + + + + +
20 + + + + + +
40 - - ± + + +
B22201 5 + + + + + +
10 + + + + + +
20 + + + + + +
40 - ± + + + +
11011A-1 5 - - ± ± + +
Parent strain 10--± ±++
20 - - - - - -
40 - - - - - -
Note :+there is growth ± a small amount of growth-nothing to grow
The bacteria characteristic of bacterial strain B21021 is below described.
1). morphological specificity
I) bifurcation approach of spore mycelia and form: simple branch, sealing spiral
Ii) spore quantity: dozens of
Iii) spore surface structure and size:
Spore respectively is the circular or oval of 1.2 to 1.5 μ m sizes, has the surface tissue of thorniness.
Iv) do not have pili, sclerotium and sporocyst are not seen
V) the spore top adheres to the position: aerial hyphae
2). cultural characteristic in the substratum
Cultural characteristic in the various substratum shown in the table 2 is in 30 ℃ of incubations observed result after 10 to 14 days.
Table 2
| Substratum | Vegetative hyphae | Aerial hyphae | Water colo(u)r |
| Sucrose nitrate nutrient agar | Do not form | Do not form | Do not have |
| Glucose aspartic acid nutrient agar | White is to light yellow | Pale brown look | Do not have |
| Glycerine aspartic acid nutrient agar | Light yellow | White, powdery | Do not have |
| The Methionin nutrient agar | Light brown | White | Brown |
| Nutrient agar | Yellow | White is a small amount of to be formed | Do not have |
| The yeast malt agar | Pale brown look | Taupe, powdery | Do not have |
| The oat malt agar | Pale brown look | White, a large amount of | Do not have |
3). physiological characteristic
I) growth temperature range: about 15 to 40 ℃, optimum growth temperature: about 30 ℃.
Ii) gelatine liquefication, starch hydrolysis and skimming milk peptonize all positive.
Iii) skimming milk condenses: feminine gender.
Iv) melanochrome sample chromogenesis: on the Methionin nutrient agar, form brown pigmentation.
V) cell walls is formed
Method (Applied Microbiology, Vol.13, p.236 (1965)) according to Becker etc. is analyzed, and the form of forming the composition diaminopimelic acid of cell walls is L, the L type.
4). carbon assimilation (Pridham-Gottlieb nutrient agar)
L-arabinose-
The D-wood sugar-
D-glucose+
D-fructose+
The L-rhamnosyl-
The D-semi-lactosi+
Sucrose-
Raffinose-
D-N.F,USP MANNITOL+
Inositol+
Saligenin+
+: can assimilate ,-: do not assimilate
By the above as seen, improved strain 21021 some mycology feature of the present invention are different with parent strain 11011A-1.For example, with regard to carbon assimilation, bacterial strain 11011A-1 can not assimilate saligenin, and bacterial strain B21021 can assimilate.With regard to cultural characteristic, the 11011A-1 bacterial strain forms the taupe aerial hyphae on sucrose nitrate nutrient agar, but bacterial strain B21021 does not form.The 11011A-1 bacterial strain is a large amount of on nutrient agar to form white aerial hyphae, and bacterial strain B21021 only forms a small amount of aerial hyphae.The 11011A-1 bacterial strain all forms water colo(u)r in glucose aspartic acid nutrient agar and glycerine aspartic acid nutrient agar, and the B21021 bacterial strain does not all form pigment in two kinds of substratum.Therefore, bacterial strain B21021 can be that bacterial strain 11011A-1 distinguishes with parent strain on the mycology feature clearly.
In order to produce ε PL, improved strain is seeded to substratum and cultivation, then by the ε PL that separates in the substratum and purifying forms and accumulates with improved strain.As long as wherein contain proper amount of carbon source, nitrogenous source, inorganics and other nutrient substance, any substratum all can use.As for carbon source, carbon source such as glucose, fructose, glycerine and the starch of the modified bacterial strain assimilation of energy all can use, and without any restriction.The amount that adds is preferably 1-5% (% represents g/dl%).In the nitrogenous source, peptone, casein hydrolyzate, amino acid, inorganic ammonium salt etc. all can use the preferably sulfuric acid ammonium.The amount of the preferred nitrogenous source that adds was 0.2 to 2% (% represents g/dl%).During cultivation, can add carbon source and nitrogenous source continuously.The example of inorganics comprises phosphate anion, potassium ion, sodium ion, magnesium ion, zine ion, iron ion, mn ion, nickel ion and sulfate ion.The yeast extract that adds 0.1 to 0.5% (% represents g/dl%) can promote microorganism growth, ε PL is produced beneficial.
Shaking culture, stir culture or other method are cultivated under aerobic conditions.Culture temperature is preferably 25 to 35 ℃.The pH of substratum can reduce but begin to cultivate back pH preferably near neutral (pH 6-8).When pH was reduced to 4, it was 4 that adding alkali is kept pH.The alkali that adds is preferably ammoniacal liquor, but sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide or other alkali also can use.ε PL accumulates in substratum after common 1 to 7 day.Centrifugal or remove by filter cell after, surplus solution purifying, decolouring also concentrate.Allow concentrated solution crystallization in organic solvent such as acetone or alcohol can obtain ε PL.
Implement best mode of the present invention
Below more specifically narrate the present invention.
The ε PL that produces in substratum amount is measured according to the method (Analytical Biochemistry, 50,569 (1972)) of Itzhaki etc.Be that ε PL amount in the substratum is determined by the following method: with the centrifugal cell of removing of culture, (ε PL:0 is to 200 μ g) mix with 2 milliliters of 1mM methyl orange aqueous solutions with 2 milliliters of supernatant liquors, gained mixture room temperature was placed 30 minutes, the centrifugal ε PL-tropeolin-D mixture of removing generation is in the absorption value of 465nm mensuration supernatant liquor.
In embodiment and comparing embodiment, except that other explanation, % represents weight (g)/volume (dl) %.
Embodiment 1
In volume is 3 liters container, the 2 liters of substratum of packing into, substratum consists of: glucose: 5%, ammonium sulfate: 1%, yeast extract: 0.5%, K
2HPO
4: 0.08%, KH
2PO
4: 0.136%, MgSO
47H
2O:0.05%, ZnSO
47H
2O:0.004%, FeSO
47H
2O:0.003%, pH6.8.To 100 milliliters little streptomyces albus lysinopolymerus subspecies of inoculation of medium B21021 bacterial strain is the pre-culture of improved strain of the present invention, and 30 ℃ of good air cultures of 700rpm were supported 72 hours, and air velocity is 3L/min.PH is maintained 4 with 10% ammoniacal liquor.When residual glucose and ammonium sulfate concentrations reduce, add glucose and ammonium sulfate continuously.
Cultivate that the output of ε PL and the transformation efficiency of glucose are shown in table 3 after 72 hours." inversion rate of glucose (%) " is expressed as (ε PL output/glucose consumption amount) * 100 in this article.
Embodiment 2
Except that using little streptomyces albus lysinopolymerus subspecies B22107 bacterial strain to replace equally cultivating with embodiment 1 the little streptomyces albus lysinopolymerus subspecies B21021 bacterial strain, measure the ε PL amount in the culture.Cultivate that ε PL output and inversion rate of glucose are shown in table 3 after 72 hours.
Embodiment 3
Except that using little streptomyces albus lysinopolymerus subspecies B22201 bacterial strain to replace equally cultivating with embodiment 1 the little streptomyces albus lysinopolymerus subspecies B21021 bacterial strain, measure the ε PL amount in the culture.Cultivate that ε PL output and inversion rate of glucose are shown in table 3 after 72 hours.
Comparing embodiment 1
Except that using little streptomyces albus lysinopolymerus subspecies 11011A-1 bacterial strain is that parent strain replaces equally cultivating with embodiment 1 the little streptomyces albus lysinopolymerus subspecies B21021 bacterial strain.Cultivate that ε PL output and inversion rate of glucose are shown in table 3 after 72 hours.
Table 3
Bacterial strain ε PL output (g/l) inversion rate of glucose (%)
B21021 (embodiment 1) 16.2 12.1
B22107 (embodiment 2) 15.6 11.1
B22201 (embodiment 3) 14.3 13.0
11011A-1 (comparing embodiment 1) 9.2 7.7
Embodiment 4
In volume is 3 liters container, the 2 liters of substratum of packing into, substratum consists of: glucose: 5%, ammonium sulfate: 1%, yeast extract: 0.5%, K
2HPO
4: 0.08%, KH
2PO
4: 0.136%, MgSO
47H
2O:0.05%, ZnSO
47H
2O:0.004%, FeSO
47H
2O:0.003%, pH6.8.To 100 milliliters little streptomyces albus lysinopolymerus subspecies of inoculation of medium B21021 bacterial strain is the pre-culture of improved strain of the present invention, and 30 ℃ of good air cultures of 700rpm were supported 168 hours, and air velocity is 3L/min.PH is maintained 4 with 10% ammoniacal liquor.When residual glucose and ammonium sulfate concentrations reduce, add glucose and ammonium sulfate continuously.
Cultivate that the output of ε PL and the transformation efficiency of glucose are shown in table 3 after 168 hours.。
Embodiment 5
Except that using little streptomyces albus lysinopolymerus subspecies B22107 bacterial strain to replace equally cultivating with embodiment 4 the little streptomyces albus lysinopolymerus subspecies B21021 bacterial strain, measure the ε PL amount in the culture.Cultivate that ε PL output and inversion rate of glucose are shown in table 4 after 168 hours.
Embodiment 6
Except that using little streptomyces albus lysinopolymerus subspecies B22201 bacterial strain to replace equally cultivating with embodiment 4 the little streptomyces albus lysinopolymerus subspecies B21021 bacterial strain, measure the ε PL amount in the culture.Cultivate that ε PL output and inversion rate of glucose are shown in table 4 after 168 hours.
Comparing embodiment 2
Except that using little streptomyces albus lysinopolymerus subspecies 11011A-1 bacterial strain is that parent strain replaces equally cultivating with embodiment 4 the little streptomyces albus lysinopolymerus subspecies B21021 bacterial strain.Cultivate that ε PL output and inversion rate of glucose are shown in table 4 after 168 hours.
Table 4
Bacterial strain ε PL output (g/l) inversion rate of glucose (%)
B21021 (embodiment 4) 31.0 12.4
B22107 (embodiment 5) 28.6 12.6
B22201 (embodiment 6) 25.0 11.4
11011A-1 (comparing embodiment 2) 19.1 7.8
Embodiment 7
Cultivate the centrifugal cell of removing of culture that obtained in 168 hours among the embodiment 4, transfer pH to 7.5 then.Isolate residue, use IRC-50 (Zeo-karb), IRA-402 (anionite-exchange resin) and XT-1006 (Zeo-karb) to carry out purifying, concentrate by reverse osmosis membrane (RO) then, thereby obtain ε PL.The output of ε PL is shown in table 5.
Comparing embodiment 3
The culture of cultivating acquisition in 168 hours in the comparing embodiment 2 is transferred pH to 7.5 then with the equally centrifugal cell of removing of embodiment 7.Isolate residue, use IRC-50 (Zeo-karb), IRA-402 (anionite-exchange resin) and XT-1006 (Zeo-karb) to carry out purifying, concentrate by reverse osmosis membrane (RO) then, thereby obtain ε PL.The output of ε PL is shown in table 5.
Table 5
Bacterial strain ε PL output (gram)
B21021 (embodiment 7) 39
11011A-1 (comparing embodiment 3) 24
By table 3,4 and 5 as seen, no matter improved strain all significantly improves than bacterial strain 11011A-1 on ε PL output and inversion rate of glucose.
Industrial applicibility
The present invention has the ability of the efficient a large amount of ε of generation PL to the improved strain that high concentration AEC has resistance. Utilize this ε PL producing bacterial strain can high yield, high yield ground produces ε PL.
Claims (2)
1. produce the bacterial strain B21021 (preserving number FERM BP-5926) of epsilon-poly-L-lysine in a large number, this bacterial strain obtains by little streptomyces albus lysinopolymerus subspecies 11011A-1 bacterial strains (FERMBP-1109) are carried out mutagenic treatment, and it is that 10mg/ml or higher S-(2-amino-ethyl)-L-halfcystine have resistance to concentration.
2. produce the method for epsilon-poly-L-lysine, this method is included in the B21021 bacterial strain of the foster claim 1 of good air culture in the substratum, collects the ε-poly--L-halfcystine that forms in the nutrient solution and accumulate.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP1997/001403 WO1998048033A1 (en) | 1995-10-24 | 1997-04-23 | STRAIN PRODUCING REMARKABLE AMOUNT OF ε-POLY-L-LYSINE AND PROCESS FOR PRODUCING ε-POLY-L-LYSINE BY USING THE SAME |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1260004A CN1260004A (en) | 2000-07-12 |
| CN1161455C true CN1161455C (en) | 2004-08-11 |
Family
ID=34260147
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB971822530A Expired - Lifetime CN1161455C (en) | 1997-04-23 | 1997-04-23 | Strain Producing remarkable amount of epsilon-poly-L-Lysine and process for producing same |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| KR (1) | KR100433741B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1161455C (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101078021B (en) * | 2006-05-22 | 2010-12-15 | 天津科技大学 | Method for producing epsilon-poly-L-lysine by reflux technique |
| CN102086441B (en) * | 2009-12-07 | 2013-04-10 | 江南大学 | Streptomyces griseofuscus strain and method for preparing epsilon-polylysine and salt thereof by utilizing same |
| CN102174448B (en) * | 2011-03-02 | 2012-07-25 | 南京工业大学 | Streptomyces albidoflavus and application thereof in preparation of polylysine and polydiaminobutyric acid |
| CN103074393A (en) * | 2012-12-05 | 2013-05-01 | 广东省微生物研究所 | Epsilon-polylysine fed batch fermentation method for enhancing cell growth and bioprocess efficiency |
| CN106520605A (en) * | 2016-11-04 | 2017-03-22 | 四川省食品发酵工业研究设计院 | Compound induction mutation method for high-producing strain capable of producing epsilon-poly-L-lysine at high yield |
| CN110656065B (en) * | 2019-10-25 | 2021-09-24 | 江南大学 | Streptomyces for producing epsilon-polylysine and application thereof |
| CN110804572A (en) * | 2019-12-04 | 2020-02-18 | 江南大学 | Streptomyces and method for preparing epsilon-polylysine by using same |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5294552A (en) * | 1986-08-19 | 1994-03-15 | Chisso Corp. | Strain mass-producing ε-poly-L-lysine |
-
1997
- 1997-04-23 KR KR10-1999-7009787A patent/KR100433741B1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1997-04-23 CN CNB971822530A patent/CN1161455C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR100433741B1 (en) | 2004-06-09 |
| KR20010020206A (en) | 2001-03-15 |
| CN1260004A (en) | 2000-07-12 |
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