CN116144863A - Device and method for regulating particle fluidization behavior in iron ore powder reduction process - Google Patents

Device and method for regulating particle fluidization behavior in iron ore powder reduction process Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116144863A
CN116144863A CN202310167120.XA CN202310167120A CN116144863A CN 116144863 A CN116144863 A CN 116144863A CN 202310167120 A CN202310167120 A CN 202310167120A CN 116144863 A CN116144863 A CN 116144863A
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magnetic field
iron ore
ore powder
fluidized bed
fluidization
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丁敬
朱国民
黄金玉
徐其言
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Anhui University of Technology AHUT
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Anhui University of Technology AHUT
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21BMANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/0033In fluidised bed furnaces or apparatus containing a dispersion of the material
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21BMANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
    • C21B13/00Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
    • C21B13/0073Selection or treatment of the reducing gases
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05BCONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/04Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and a method for regulating particle fluidization behavior in an iron ore powder reduction process, and belongs to the technical field of iron ore powder fluidization reduction. The invention relates to a regulating and controlling device for particle fluidization behavior in an iron ore powder reduction process, which comprises a fluidized bed double-layer tube reaction unit, wherein a variable magnetic field generating unit is arranged outside the fluidized bed double-layer tube reaction unit and comprises a first magnetic field generating unit and a second magnetic field generating unit, wherein the first magnetic field generating unit is used for generating a magnetic field parallel to the fluidization direction of iron ore powder particles, and the second magnetic field generating unit is used for generating a transverse rotatable magnetic field perpendicular to the fluidization direction of the iron ore powder particles. The invention can effectively improve the fluidization behavior of the particles in the reduction process of the iron ore powder and prevent the particles from agglomerating by adding the variable magnetic field in the pressurized fluidization reduction process.

Description

Device and method for regulating particle fluidization behavior in iron ore powder reduction process
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fluidization reduction of iron ore powder, and particularly relates to a device and a method for regulating particle fluidization behavior in the reduction process of iron ore powder.
Background
With the promulgation and implementation of a new environmental protection method and the establishment of a carbon Emission Trading System (ETS), metallurgical processes such as high energy consumption, high pollution, high emission and the like face unprecedented challenges in the aspects of environment, resources, energy sources and the like, and the fluidization direct reduction process can directly utilize powder ore and treat complex symbiotic ore without depending on coke, has the advantages of high heat transfer and mass transfer efficiency and the like, and meets the requirements of environment, resource and energy development.
The fluidized bed direct reduction process is a major breakthrough in the metallurgical field, and as the fluidized bed has no requirement of air permeability, the iron ore powder which cannot be directly used by a blast furnace or a shaft furnace can be directly used; the fluidized bed ironmaking process provides a new smelting way for the energy conservation and environmental protection of the ironmaking process, the reasonable utilization of domestic low-grade composite symbiotic ores, the problem of insufficient iron ore resource supply and the like; meanwhile, the fluidized bed direct reduction process not only expands the sources of iron-making raw materials, but also reduces the production cost and improves the competitiveness of the product. The fluidized bed iron-making technology directly using the iron ore powder is one of the development directions of the iron-making industry in the future and is also an important field of competitive research and development of the iron-steel industry in various countries at present.
When the air inlet speed is higher than the minimum fluidization speed, the redundant air is converged to form bubbles to rise upwards, and the materials in the fluidized bed are stirred to be quickly and fully mixed, so that the bed is expanded. When the air inlet speed is too high, part of air in the air bubbles completely bypasses the particles, so that the iron ore powder particles are unevenly distributed, the air bubbles are further enlarged, the contact efficiency with the particles is reduced, unstable factors such as uneven gas-solid contact, gas short circuit and the like are caused, phenomena such as lift-out and channeling occur in the fluidization process, the reduction rate of the iron ore in the hydrogen reduction process is reduced, and the quality of products is seriously influenced.
Aiming at phenomena such as eutectoid and channeling in the fluidized reduction process of iron ore powder, a plurality of scholars have conducted related researches, and the inventor of the application is also always dedicated to research on improving the fluidization behavior of particles in the fluidized reduction process of iron ore powder, and achieves a certain effect. For example, the application of the chinese patent application No. 202210081407.6 discloses a method for inhibiting the binding loss in the fluidized reduction process of iron ore powder, in which iron ore powder is added into a double-layer tube reaction unit to perform fluidized reduction reaction, an ultrasonic field is applied to the outside of the reaction unit during the reaction process, and an ultrasonic field is applied during the pressurized fluidized reduction process, so that the binding loss inhibition effect in the fluidized reduction process of iron ore powder can be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Problems to be solved
The invention aims to provide a regulating and controlling device and a regulating and controlling method for particle fluidization behavior in the process of iron ore powder reduction, and the phenomenon of lift-out and channeling of iron ore powder in the process of fluidization reduction can be effectively prevented by externally applying a variable magnetic field in the process of pressurization fluidization reduction.
2. Technical proposal
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the invention relates to a regulating and controlling device for particle fluidization behavior in an iron ore powder reduction process, which comprises a fluidized bed double-layer tube reaction unit, wherein a variable magnetic field generating unit is arranged outside the fluidized bed double-layer tube reaction unit and comprises a first magnetic field generating unit and a second magnetic field generating unit, wherein the first magnetic field generating unit is used for generating a magnetic field parallel to the fluidization direction of iron ore powder particles, and the second magnetic field generating unit is used for generating a transverse rotatable magnetic field perpendicular to the fluidization direction of the iron ore powder particles.
Particle agglomeration is a main cause of low metallization rate after reduction of iron ore powder particles, and when the linear velocity of the reducing gas is higher than the minimum fluidization velocity, expansion of the iron ore powder particle bed is induced, and excessive gas can pass through the iron ore powder particle bed in the form of bubbles, so that uneven pressure distribution in the fluidized bed is caused. Bubbles can flow out from places with small pressure difference in the fluidized bed, so that the pressure in the fluidized bed and the particle distribution are further uneven, iron ore powder particles are clustered, the collision probability among the iron ore powder particles is increased, the iron ore powder particles are mutually bonded due to the softening of an iron layer on the surface, and particle loss is caused.
In recent years, the subject group of the inventors of the present application has been devoted to the study of the binding and agglomeration phenomena in the fluidized reduction process of iron ore powder, and has achieved a certain study result. The invention innovatively provides a novel device and a novel method for regulating and controlling the fluidization behavior of particles in the reduction process of the iron ore powder, thereby providing a novel solution for inhibiting agglomeration and bonding loss of the iron ore powder. Specifically, the external variable magnetic field is applied in the fluidization reduction process of the iron ore powder, so that the external force applied to the particles is increased, the energy among the particles in the agglomerate is increased, the agglomerate is broken when the energy is large, the particle size is reduced, and the agglomeration and the cohesive loss among the particles can be effectively inhibited. Meanwhile, after the variable magnetic field is added, the particles can be subjected to the combined action of the external magnetic field force and the induced magnetic field force generated by the magnetization of the particles, so that the minimum fluidization speed of the blown iron ore powder particles is further reduced, the iron ore powder bed is blown up by gas more easily, and the sufficiency of iron ore powder reduction is guaranteed. And the magnetizable particles tend to be arranged in a chain manner along the magnetic field line direction to fluidize under the action of an externally applied magnetic field, so that the collision between the particles and the bed is reduced.
It should be noted that, in the application, through the cooperation of the first magnetic field generating unit and the second magnetic field generating unit, that is, through the simultaneous application of the axial magnetic field and the transverse rotatable magnetic field, the whole device has the axial magnetic field, fine iron ore powder particles can be adopted without worrying about overlarge pressure drop, the minimum fluidization speed of the particles blown up is reduced, the operation range of the fluidized bed is enlarged, and the production capacity of equipment is increased; meanwhile, the device also has a transverse magnetic field, can effectively inhibit back mixing of the fluid, obviously improve the residence time distribution of the fluid, and can effectively inhibit growth of bubbles and channeling, thereby being beneficial to further improving the fluidization regulation and control effect of the iron ore powder and inhibiting agglomeration and bonding loss of the iron ore powder.
Furthermore, the first magnetic field generating unit comprises a first coil, the first coil is sleeved outside the fluidized bed double-layer tube reaction unit and is connected with an alternating current/direct current power supply, and the intensity and the frequency of the first magnetic field can be adjusted by adjusting the alternating current/direct current power supply so as to meet the regulation and control of particle fluidization behaviors under different gas flow rates.
Further, the second magnetic field generating unit comprises second coils which are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the outer wall of the fluidized bed double-layer tube reaction unit along the vertical direction and are connected with an alternating current/direct current power supply.
Further, the second coil is installed on a rotary moving device, and the rotary moving device is used for driving the second coil to synchronously rotate around the fluidized bed double-layer tube reaction unit. The intensity and frequency of the second magnetic field can be adjusted by adjusting the AC/DC power supply, and the application direction of the second magnetic field can be adjusted by setting the rotary moving device.
Furthermore, the first coil and the second coil are both helmholtz coils.
Furthermore, the upper part and the lower part of the fluidized bed double-layer tube reaction unit are respectively provided with a pressure sensor, and the pressure sensors are connected with a computer data processing and control unit through a data acquisition unit. The pressure sensor can be used for monitoring the upper pressure and the lower pressure of the fluidized bed double-layer tube reaction unit in real time, so that the change condition of the upper pressure difference and the lower pressure difference is obtained, the fluidization behavior of the iron ore powder is judged according to the relation between the change of the pressure difference and the fluidization behavior of the iron ore powder, and then the magnitude and the direction of a magnetic field outside the reaction unit are regulated, so that the fluidization behavior of the iron ore powder is regulated and controlled, and the particle agglomeration phenomenon is prevented.
Furthermore, the bottom of the fluidized bed double-layer tube reaction unit is provided with a heating unit which is connected with a hydrogen gas source and a nitrogen gas source, and the conveying pipelines of the hydrogen gas source and the nitrogen gas source are provided with flow meters which are connected with a computer data processing and control unit.
The invention relates to a method for regulating particle fluidization behavior in the reduction process of iron ore powder, which adopts the regulating device to place the iron ore powder into a fluidized bed double-layer tube reaction unit for reduction reaction, and starts a first magnetic field generation unit and a second magnetic field generation unit, thereby simultaneously applying an axial magnetic field parallel to the fluidized bed double-layer tube reaction unit and a transverse magnetic field perpendicular to the fluidized bed double-layer tube reaction unit.
The invention can apply magnetic field force to iron ore powder to break iron ore powder particles and prevent aggregation by applying variable magnetic field outside the fluidized bed double-layer tube reaction unit, and can regulate the fluidization behavior of the iron ore powder in real time and realize continuous production.
Furthermore, the pressure sensor is used for monitoring the pressure of the lower part and the upper part of the double-layer tube reaction unit of the fluidized bed in real time, the flowing state of the iron ore powder in the fluidized bed is judged according to the change of the pressure difference, and then the flowing state of the iron ore powder is regulated and controlled by changing the intensity and the frequency of the axial magnetic field and the intensity, the frequency and the direction of the transverse magnetic field.
3. Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) According to the invention, the variable magnetic field is applied to the outside of the fluidized bed double-layer tube reaction unit, so that iron ore powder particles are easy to break under the action of the magnetic field force, and particle aggregation is prevented to a certain extent; on the other hand, the iron ore powder particles are simultaneously subjected to the action of an external magnetic field force and an induced magnetic field force generated by the magnetization of the particles, so that the minimum fluidization speed of the blown iron ore powder particles is reduced, and the sufficiency of iron ore powder reduction is ensured.
(2) The variable magnetic field generating unit comprises the axial magnetic field generating unit and the transverse rotatable magnetic field generating unit, and the axial magnetic field and the transverse magnetic field are applied simultaneously, so that the application effect of the magnetic field is further guaranteed, and the intensity, the frequency and the direction of the external magnetic field can be adjusted according to the requirements, so that the regulation and control requirements of fluidization of the iron ore powder under different process conditions can be met.
(3) According to the invention, the pressure sensors are arranged at the upper part and the lower part of the fluidized bed double-layer tube reaction unit, the pressure sensors are used for monitoring the pressure at the upper part and the lower part of the reaction unit in real time, the fluidization of iron ore powder in the fluidized bed is judged according to the upper pressure difference and the lower pressure difference, and then the regulation and control of the fluidization of the iron ore powder are realized through the regulation of the variable magnetic field, so that the intelligent regulation and control are realized, and the regulation and control method is simple to operate.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a device for controlling particle fluidization behavior in the reduction process of iron ore powder;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a regulating device according to the present invention.
In the figure:
1. a hydrogen gas source; 2. a nitrogen source; 3. a flow meter; 4. a heating unit; 5. a first coil; 6. a second coil; 7. a fluidized bed double layer tube reaction unit; 8. an exhaust gas recovery unit; 9. an AC/DC power supply; 10. a control unit; 11. and rotating the moving device.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below in connection with specific embodiments.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, a device for controlling particle fluidization behavior in a process of reducing iron ore powder according to this embodiment includes a fluidized bed double-layer tube reaction unit 7, a heating unit 4 is disposed at the bottom of the fluidized bed double-layer tube reaction unit 7, and a variable magnetic field generating unit is disposed outside the fluidized bed double-layer tube reaction unit, and the variable magnetic field generating unit includes a first magnetic field generating unit and a second magnetic field generating unit, where the first magnetic field generating unit is used for generating a magnetic field parallel to the fluidization direction of the iron ore powder particles, and the second magnetic field generating unit is used for generating a transverse rotatable magnetic field perpendicular to the fluidization direction of the iron ore powder particles. By applying the axial and transverse magnetic fields at the outside of the fluidized bed double-layer tube reaction unit 7, the agglomeration and the bonding loss of the iron ore powder particles can be effectively prevented, and the sufficiency of the reduction of the iron ore powder can be ensured. The regulating and controlling device is also provided with an exhaust gas recovery unit 8, and the exhaust gas generated in the reduction process of the iron ore powder is recovered through the exhaust gas recovery unit 8, so that the environment is prevented from being polluted.
Specifically, the first magnetic field generating unit of this embodiment includes a first coil 6, where the first coil 6 is sleeved outside the fluidized bed double layer tube reaction unit 7 and connected to an ac/dc power supply 9. The second magnetic field generating unit comprises second coils 5, and the two second coils 5 are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the outer wall of the fluidized bed double-layer tube reaction unit 7 along the vertical direction and are connected with an alternating current/direct current power supply 9. The first coil 6 and the second coil 5 are helmholtz coils, the second coil 5 is mounted on the rotary moving device 11, and the rotary moving device 11 can drive the second coil 5 to synchronously rotate around the fluidized bed double-layer tube reaction unit 7, so that the direction of the second magnetic field can be adjusted. As shown in fig. 2, the rotary moving device 11 of the present embodiment adopts a guide rail, which is circularly distributed around the fluidized bed double-layer tube reaction unit 7, and the second coils 5 are fixedly installed on the guide rail, and the guide rail can rotate around the fluidized bed double-layer tube reaction unit 7, so as to drive the two second coils 5 to synchronously rotate. The rotary moving device 11 may have other structures, as long as the two second coils 5 can be driven to synchronously rotate around the fluidized bed double-layer tube reaction unit 7.
The upper part and the lower part of the fluidized bed double-layer tube reaction unit 7 are respectively provided with a pressure sensor, the pressure sensors are connected with the computer data processing and control unit 10 through a data acquisition unit, the fluidized bed double-layer tube reaction unit 7 is also connected with the hydrogen gas source 1 and the nitrogen gas source 2, the conveying pipelines of the hydrogen gas source 1 and the nitrogen gas source 2 are respectively provided with a flowmeter 3, and the flowmeters 3 are respectively connected with the computer data processing and control unit 10. The pressure sensor can monitor the pressure of the upper part and the lower part of the fluidized bed in real time, the movement state of particles is judged according to the change of pressure difference, and then the purpose of regulating and controlling the fluidization behavior of the particles in the reduction process of iron ore powder can be achieved by changing the current, the frequency and the direction of coils of the two magnetic field generation unit power supplies.
Iron ore powder is placed in a fluidized bed double-layer tube reaction unit 7, the fluidized bed is subjected to heating treatment, and when the target temperature (673K-773K) is reached, a valve of a nitrogen source 2 is opened to introduce nitrogen. After the gas in the fluidized bed is exhausted, a valve of the nitrogen gas source 2 is closed, and a valve of the hydrogen gas source 1 is opened to introduce hydrogen gas to reduce iron ore powder particles at high temperature. And simultaneously starting the first magnetic field generating unit and the second magnetic field generating unit, measuring the pressure at the lower part and the upper part of the double-layer tube reaction unit in real time through the pressure sensor, transmitting the pressure to the signal acquisition unit, transmitting the acquired pressure to the computer for data processing, processing the data through the computer for data processing, and judging the flowing state of the iron ore powder in the fluidized bed according to the relation between the pressure difference change and the particle movement state. When the particles are agglomerated or tend to be agglomerated, the external magnetic field (intensity, frequency and direction) of the fluidized bed reaction unit is regulated, so that the movement state of the particles in the fluidized reduction process of the iron ore powder is regulated, the agglomeration phenomenon of the particles is inhibited, and the reduction of the iron ore powder is improved.
It should be noted that, the relation between the pressure difference change and the particle motion state in the application is obtained by performing a cold state experiment in the organic glass, namely, performing the cold state experiment in the organic glass, blowing up the iron ore powder at a certain linear speed under normal temperature, recording the pressure difference between the upper part and the lower part of the inlet and the outlet of the fluidized bed and the agglomeration condition of the iron ore powder particles, and analyzing the relation between the pressure difference inside the fluidized bed and the particle fluidization motion state under different gas flow rates, thereby being capable of being used for guiding the real-time monitoring and regulation of the fluidization behavior of the iron ore powder in the real reduction process.
Example 2
The device for regulating and controlling the fluidization behavior of particles in the iron ore powder reduction process of the embodiment comprises a fluidized bed double-layer tube reaction unit (the structure of the existing device can be directly adopted), wherein a variable magnetic field generation unit is arranged outside the fluidized bed double-layer tube reaction unit, is an axial magnetic field generation unit and specifically comprises a first coil 6, and the first coil 6 is sleeved outside the fluidized bed double-layer tube reaction unit 7 and is connected with an alternating current-direct current power supply 9.
In this example, the fluidization behavior of the iron ore powder can be controlled by applying an axial magnetic field to the outside of the fluidized bed double-layer tube reaction unit and adjusting the intensity and frequency of the axial magnetic field, but the control effect is slightly inferior to that of example 1.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a regulation and control device of granule fluidization action in iron ore powder reduction process, includes fluidized bed double-deck pipe reaction unit (7), its characterized in that: the outside of fluidized bed double-deck pipe reaction unit (7) is equipped with the variable magnetic field generation unit, and this variable magnetic field generation unit includes first magnetic field generation unit and second magnetic field generation unit, and wherein first magnetic field generation unit is used for producing the magnetic field that is on a parallel with iron ore powder granule fluidization direction, and second magnetic field generation unit is used for producing the horizontal rotatable magnetic field that is perpendicular to iron ore powder granule fluidization direction.
2. The device for controlling particle fluidization behavior in the reduction process of iron ore powder according to claim 1, wherein: the first magnetic field generating unit comprises a first coil (6), and the first coil (6) is sleeved outside the fluidized bed double-layer tube reaction unit (7) and is connected with an alternating current/direct current power supply (9).
3. The device for controlling particle fluidization behavior in the reduction process of iron ore powder according to claim 2, wherein: the second magnetic field generating unit comprises second coils (5), and the two second coils (5) are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the outer wall of the fluidized bed double-layer tube reaction unit (7) along the vertical direction and are connected with an alternating current/direct current power supply (9).
4. A device for controlling fluidization behavior of particles in a reduction process of iron ore powder according to claim 3, wherein: the second coil (5) is arranged on the rotary moving device (11), and the rotary moving device (11) is used for driving the second coil (5) to synchronously rotate around the fluidized bed double-layer tube reaction unit (7).
5. A device for controlling fluidization behavior of particles in a reduction process of iron ore powder according to claim 3, wherein: the first coil (6) and the second coil (5) are both helmholtz coils.
6. A device for controlling the fluidization behavior of particles in the reduction process of iron ore powder according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: the upper part and the lower part of the fluidized bed double-layer tube reaction unit (7) are respectively provided with a pressure sensor, and the pressure sensors are connected with the computer data processing and control unit (10) through the data acquisition unit.
7. A device for controlling the fluidization behavior of particles in the reduction process of iron ore powder according to claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: the bottom of fluidized bed double-deck pipe reaction unit (7) is equipped with heating unit (4), and it links to each other with hydrogen gas source (1) and nitrogen gas source (2), and is equipped with flowmeter (3) on the pipeline of hydrogen gas source (1) and nitrogen gas source (2), flowmeter (3) all link to each other with computer data processing and control unit (10).
8. A method for controlling particle fluidization behavior in a process of reducing iron ore powder, characterized in that the iron ore powder is placed in a fluidized bed double-layer tube reaction unit (7) to perform reduction reaction by adopting the control device of any one of claims 1-7, and a first magnetic field generation unit and a second magnetic field generation unit are started, so that an axial magnetic field parallel to the fluidized bed double-layer tube reaction unit and a transverse magnetic field perpendicular to the fluidized bed double-layer tube reaction unit are simultaneously applied.
9. The method for controlling the fluidization behavior of particles in the reduction process of iron ore powder according to claim 8, wherein the pressure sensor is used for monitoring the pressure at the lower part and the upper part of the double-layer tube reaction unit (7) of the fluidized bed in real time, the flowing state of the iron ore powder in the fluidized bed is judged according to the change of the pressure difference, and then the flowing state of the iron ore powder is controlled by changing the intensity and the frequency of an axial magnetic field and the intensity, the frequency and the direction of a transverse magnetic field.
CN202310167120.XA 2023-02-22 2023-02-22 Device and method for regulating particle fluidization behavior in iron ore powder reduction process Pending CN116144863A (en)

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CN202310167120.XA CN116144863A (en) 2023-02-22 2023-02-22 Device and method for regulating particle fluidization behavior in iron ore powder reduction process

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202310167120.XA CN116144863A (en) 2023-02-22 2023-02-22 Device and method for regulating particle fluidization behavior in iron ore powder reduction process

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CN116144863A true CN116144863A (en) 2023-05-23

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