CN116141965A

CN116141965A - Low-voltage power supply device and method for electric vehicle and electric vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN116141965A
Application number: CN202310172794.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王锐; 魏长河; 田飞云
Original assignee: Sany Electric Vehicle Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Sany Electric Vehicle Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2023-02-27
Filing date: 2023-02-27
Publication date: 2023-05-23

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of electric vehicles and provides a low-voltage power supply device and method for an electric vehicle and the electric vehicle, wherein the device comprises a first relay, a power switch, an ignition lock, a second relay, a third relay, a low-voltage storage battery and a conversion control module which are integrated in the same box body; the first relay is arranged in a first power supply loop of the low-voltage storage battery, and the output end of the first power supply loop is connected with first electric equipment and second electric equipment through a second relay and a third relay respectively; the first electric equipment is a driving related control unit, and the second electric equipment is a non-driving related control unit; when the ignition lock is locked to an ON gear, the second relay and the third relay are controlled to be closed; the switching control module is used for controlling the closing and opening of the first relay when the second power supply loop is conducted, and the second power supply loop is used for supplying power to the switching control module. The invention can greatly reduce the cost of the electric vehicle and improve the driving safety of the electric vehicle.

Description

Low-voltage power supply device and method for electric vehicle and electric vehicle

Technical Field

The present invention relates to the field of electric vehicles, and in particular, to a low-voltage power supply device and method for an electric vehicle, and an electric vehicle.

Background

Electric vehicles are rapidly developed due to the advantages of environmental protection, energy saving, low noise and the like. The power source of an electric vehicle is generally composed of a power battery and a low-voltage storage battery, all low-voltage systems of the electric vehicle are powered and provided with communication signals through the low-voltage storage battery, the power source is provided for the electric vehicle through the power battery, and meanwhile, the power battery charges the low-voltage storage battery through a DCDC (Direct Current Direct Current) converter.

The ON-grade electric equipment of the existing electric vehicle is usually controlled through the same switch circuit, and when the switch circuit fails, all electric equipment cannot be normally used, driving accidents are extremely easy to occur, and driving safety cannot be guaranteed. Meanwhile, the DCDC converter of the existing electric vehicle is generally integrated in a multi-in-one structure, and the DCDC converter and the low-voltage storage battery are respectively and independently controlled through separate control boards, so that the cost of the electric vehicle is greatly increased.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a low-voltage power supply device and method for an electric vehicle and the electric vehicle, which are used for solving the defects that the electric vehicle is high in cost and cannot guarantee the driving safety in the prior art, and realizing the effective reduction of the cost of the electric vehicle and the effective improvement of the driving safety.

The invention provides a low-voltage power supply device of an electric vehicle, comprising: the low-voltage storage battery and the conversion control module are integrated in the same box body;

the first relay is arranged in a first power supply loop of the low-voltage storage battery and used for controlling the on-off of the first power supply loop, and the output end of the first power supply loop is connected with first electric equipment through the second relay and connected with second electric equipment through the third relay; the first power supply loop is used for supplying power to the first electric equipment when the second relay is closed, and supplying power to the second electric equipment when the third relay is closed; the first electric equipment is a driving-related control unit, and the second electric equipment is a non-driving-related control unit;

the ignition lock is connected with the second relay, the third relay and the output end of the first power supply loop, and is used for controlling the second relay and the third relay to be closed when the ignition lock is in an ON gear;

the power switch and the conversion control module are both arranged in a second power supply loop of the low-voltage storage battery, the power switch is used for controlling the on-off of the second power supply loop, and the second power supply loop is used for supplying power to the conversion control module;

The switching control module is connected with the first relay and is used for controlling the first relay to be closed and opened when the second power supply loop is conducted.

The low-voltage power supply device for the electric vehicle provided by the invention further comprises a power distribution switch; the output end of the first power supply loop is connected with third electric equipment through the power distribution switch;

the first power supply loop is also used for supplying power to the third electric equipment when the distribution switch is closed.

The low-voltage power supply device for the electric vehicle, provided by the invention, further comprises a fourth relay; the output end of the first power supply loop is also connected with fourth electric equipment through the fourth relay; the ignition lock is also connected with the fourth relay, and is used for controlling the fourth relay to be closed when the ignition lock is in ACC gear;

the first power supply loop is also used for supplying power to the fourth electric equipment when the fourth relay is closed.

According to the low-voltage power supply device for the electric vehicle, the conversion control module is further connected with the output end of the third relay and used for detecting the output signal of the third relay, and if the third relay has no output signal, the low-voltage storage battery is controlled to enter the sleep mode.

According to the low-voltage power supply device for the electric vehicle, the low-voltage storage battery is provided with the state monitoring device;

the state monitoring device is used for detecting state data of the low-voltage storage battery;

the switching control module is connected with the state monitoring device and is used for acquiring state data of the low-voltage storage battery when the second power supply loop is conducted and controlling the first relay to be closed and opened based on the state data.

According to the low-voltage power supply device for the electric vehicle, the conversion control module is also connected with the whole vehicle controller;

the switching control module is also used for controlling the on-off of the first relay based on the on-off instruction sent by the whole vehicle controller.

According to the low-voltage power supply device for the electric vehicle, the conversion control module is also connected with the power battery and the high-voltage control module of the electric vehicle;

the conversion control module is used for obtaining the residual electric quantity and/or the discharge current of the low-voltage storage battery; the high-voltage control module is also used for sending a high-voltage request instruction to the high-voltage control module when the low-voltage storage battery meets the charging condition based on the residual electric quantity and/or the discharging current;

The high-voltage control module is used for controlling the power battery to output a voltage signal to the conversion control module based on the high-voltage request instruction;

the conversion control module is also used for converting the voltage signal into the charging voltage of the low-voltage storage battery.

According to the low-voltage power supply device for the electric vehicle, the conversion control module is further used for sending a high-voltage stop instruction to the high-voltage control module when the low-voltage storage battery meets the charging stop condition based on the residual electric quantity;

the high-voltage control module is used for controlling the power battery to stop outputting the voltage signal to the conversion control module based on the high-voltage stop instruction.

The invention also provides a low-voltage power supply method of the electric vehicle, which comprises the following steps:

when the second power supply loop of the low-voltage storage battery is conducted, the conversion control module controls the first relay to be closed; the first relay is arranged in a first power supply loop of the low-voltage storage battery and used for controlling the on-off of the first power supply loop; the second power supply loop is used for supplying power to the conversion control module; the low-voltage storage battery and the conversion control module are integrated in the same box body;

If the ignition lock is in an ON gear, the second relay and the third relay are controlled to be closed, and the low-voltage storage battery supplies power for the first electric equipment and the second electric equipment; the output end of the first power supply loop is connected with the first electric equipment through the second relay and connected with the second electric equipment through the third relay; the first electric equipment is a driving related control unit, and the second electric equipment is a non-driving related control unit.

The invention also provides an electric vehicle, which comprises the low-voltage power supply device of the electric vehicle.

According to the low-voltage power supply device and method for the electric vehicle and the electric vehicle, the low-voltage storage battery and the conversion control module are integrated in the same box, when the second power supply loop which is supplied with power by the low-voltage storage battery for the conversion control module is conducted, the first relay is controlled to be turned on and off by the conversion control module so as to control the conduction and the disconnection of the first power supply loop, so that the low-voltage storage battery can be controlled by the conversion control module, the use of a control board in the low-voltage storage battery is reduced, and the cost of the electric vehicle is greatly reduced; meanwhile, under the condition that the first power supply loop is conducted, the second relay and the third relay are controlled to be closed when the ignition lock is turned ON to supply power to the first electric equipment and the second electric equipment respectively through the first power supply loop, wherein the first electric equipment is a driving related control unit, and the second electric equipment is a non-driving related control unit, so that the driving related control unit and the non-driving related control unit can be controlled through different switch circuits, the influence of a switch circuit fault ON driving safety is greatly reduced, and the driving safety of an electric vehicle is improved.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the following description will briefly explain the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

Fig. 1 is one of schematic structural diagrams of a low-voltage power supply device for an electric vehicle according to the present embodiment;

fig. 2 is a second schematic structural diagram of the low-voltage power supply device for an electric vehicle according to the present embodiment;

fig. 3 is a third schematic structural view of the low-voltage power supply device for an electric vehicle according to the present embodiment;

fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the workflow of the low-voltage power supply device for an electric vehicle according to the present embodiment;

fig. 5 is a schematic flow chart of a low-voltage power supply method for an electric vehicle according to the present embodiment;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided in the present embodiment;

reference numerals:

101: a first relay; 102: a power switch; 103: a low voltage battery; 104: a conversion control module; 105: an ignition lock; 106: a second relay; 107: a third relay; 108: the first electric equipment; 109: the second electric equipment; 201: a power distribution switch; 202: a fourth relay; 203: the third electric equipment; 204: fourth electric equipment; 301: a first fuse; 302: a second fuse; 303: a third fuse; 304: a fourth fuse; 305: a fuse box; 306: a current sensor; 307: a voltage acquisition harness; 308: a current collection harness; 309: and (5) collecting the wire harness at the temperature.

Detailed Description

For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

The low-voltage power supply device for an electric vehicle of the present invention is described below with reference to fig. 1 to 4. The low-voltage power supply device of the electric vehicle is used for providing low voltage power for the whole vehicle of the electric vehicle. As shown in fig. 1, the low-voltage power supply device for an electric vehicle of the present invention at least includes: the low-voltage storage battery 103 and the conversion control module 104 are integrated in the same box body;

the first relay 101 is disposed in a first power supply loop of the low-voltage storage battery 103, and is used for controlling on-off of the first power supply loop, and an output end of the first power supply loop is connected with a first electric device 108 through the second relay 106 and is connected with a second electric device 109 through the third relay 107; the first power supply loop is configured to supply power to the first electric device 108 when the second relay 106 is closed, and supply power to the second electric device 109 when the third relay 107 is closed; the first electric equipment 108 is a driving related control unit, and the second electric equipment 109 is a non-driving related control unit;

The ignition lock 105 is connected with the second relay 106, the third relay 107 and the output end of the first power supply loop, and is used for controlling the second relay 106 and the third relay 107 to be closed when the ON gear is reached;

the power switch 102 and the conversion control module 104 are both arranged in a second power supply loop of the low-voltage storage battery 103, the power switch 102 is used for controlling the on-off of the second power supply loop, and the second power supply loop is used for supplying power to the conversion control module 104;

the switching control module 104 is connected with the first relay 101, and is used for controlling the first relay 101 to be closed and opened when the second power supply loop is conducted.

In this embodiment, the low-voltage battery 103 is used to provide low-voltage power for the whole electric vehicle, for example, a 24V low-voltage lithium battery. The conversion control module 104 is configured to control a power supply process of the low-voltage battery 103, and meanwhile, the conversion control module 104 may also convert an output voltage of a power battery of the electric vehicle into a charging voltage of the low-voltage battery 103, so as to charge the low-voltage battery 103. The low-voltage storage battery 103 and the conversion control module 104 are integrated in the same box body, for example, the low-voltage storage battery 103 and the conversion control module 104 can be integrated in a non-standard box, the non-standard box can be singly numbered and assembled at the position closest to the frame, so that the low-voltage line is minimized, the low-voltage storage battery 103 can be controlled by the conversion control module 104, and the cost of the electric vehicle is effectively reduced. Meanwhile, in the embodiment, the low-voltage storage battery 103 and the conversion control module 104 are integrated in the same box body, and the connection of the low-voltage storage battery 103 and the conversion control module 104 can be realized through the copper bars, so that a 25 square power line between the low-voltage storage battery 103 and the conversion control module 104 is omitted, and the cost and the weight of the electric vehicle are further reduced.

The low-voltage power supply device for the electric vehicle further comprises a first relay 101, a power switch 102, an ignition lock 105, a second relay 106 and a third relay 107, wherein the first relay 101 is arranged in a first power supply loop of the low-voltage storage battery 103 and used for controlling the on and off of the first power supply loop, the first power supply loop can comprise the low-voltage storage battery 103 and the first relay 101, when the first relay 101 is closed, the first power supply loop is on, the output end of the first power supply loop outputs normal electricity, when the first relay 101 is opened, the first power supply loop is disconnected, and the first power supply loop stops outputting normal electricity. The output end of the first power supply loop is connected with first electric equipment 108 through the second relay 106, meanwhile, the output end of the first power supply loop is connected with second electric equipment 109 through the third relay 107, when the second relay 106 is closed, power is supplied to the first electric equipment 108 through the low-voltage storage battery 103, and when the third relay 107 is closed, power is supplied to the second electric equipment 109 through the low-voltage storage battery 103. The first powered device 108 may be a driving related control unit, for example, a steering control unit, a braking control unit, etc., and the second powered device 109 may be a non-driving related control unit, i.e., a control unit other than driving. When the switching circuit where the third relay 107 is located fails, the influence on the power supply of the control unit related to the driving can be effectively avoided, so that the driving safety is greatly improved.

The ignition lock 105 is in signal connection with the second relay 106, the third relay 107 and the output end of the first power supply loop, when the first power supply loop is conducted, the output end of the first power supply loop outputs normal electricity to the ignition lock 105, so that when the ignition lock 105 is turned ON, the second relay 106 and the third relay 107 are controlled to be closed through the ignition lock 105, and then the paths from the output end of the first power supply loop to the first electric equipment 108 and the second electric equipment 109 are conducted, and the low-voltage storage battery 103 is used for supplying power to the first electric equipment 108 and the second electric equipment 109. The ignition lock 105, the second relay 106 and the third relay 107 may be connected to the output of the first power supply circuit via fuses, so as to prevent the power supply circuit and the consumer from being damaged by a short-circuit fault.

The power switch 102 and the conversion control module 104 are both arranged in a second power supply loop of the low-voltage storage battery 103, the power switch 102 is used for controlling the connection and disconnection of the second power supply loop, and the second power supply loop is used for supplying power to the conversion control module 104; the conversion control module 104 is in signal connection with the first relay 101, so that the conversion control module 104 can send or stop sending electric signals to the first relay 101, and further control the first relay 101 to be closed and opened. In practical application, when the power switch 102 is closed, the second power supply loop is turned on, the low-voltage storage battery 103 supplies power to the conversion control module 104, the conversion control module 104 enters a working mode and outputs an electric signal to the first relay 101, and the first relay 101 is electrically closed, so that the first power supply loop is turned on, and normal electricity can be provided through the low-voltage storage battery 103. When the power switch 102 is turned off, the low-voltage storage battery 103 stops supplying power to the conversion control module 104, the conversion control module 104 stops working and stops outputting an electric signal to the first relay 101, the first relay 101 is powered off and turned off, and the low-voltage storage battery 103 stops supplying normal electricity, so that the power switch 102 can be turned off when the electric vehicle is parked for a long time, and the situation that the power switch cannot be started due to the undervoltage of the low-voltage storage battery 103 is avoided. The power switch 102 may be a manual control switch, for example, a self-resetting switch, which is closed for 3 seconds and open for 5 seconds.

The conversion control module 104 may also determine whether the low-voltage battery 103 satisfies the power supply condition before outputting the electrical signal to the first relay 101 and during outputting the electrical signal to the first relay 101, and control the first relay 101 to be closed when the power supply condition is satisfied, and control the first relay 101 to be opened when the power supply condition is not satisfied. The state data, such as the discharge voltage, the discharge current and the temperature data, of the low-voltage storage battery 103 may be monitored in real time, so as to determine whether the low-voltage storage battery 103 meets the power supply condition according to the state data of the low-voltage storage battery 103, and may also control the low-voltage storage battery 103 to perform self-checking, and determine that the power supply condition is met when the self-checking has no fault. In addition, the conversion control module 104 may also be connected with other control devices of the electric vehicle through a CAN bus, so as to receive a control instruction sent by the corresponding control device, and control the first relay 101 to be turned on or turned off according to the control instruction.

As can be seen, in this embodiment, by integrating the low-voltage storage battery 103 and the conversion control module 104 in the same box, when the second power supply loop for supplying power to the conversion control module 104 by the low-voltage storage battery 103 is turned on, the switching control module 104 controls the first relay 101 to be turned on and off so as to control the turning on and off of the first power supply loop, so that the low-voltage storage battery 103 can be controlled by the conversion control module 104, thereby reducing the use of a control board in the low-voltage storage battery 103 and greatly reducing the cost of the electric vehicle; meanwhile, under the condition that the first power supply loop is conducted, when the ignition lock 105 is turned ON, the second relay 106 and the third relay 107 are controlled to be closed, so that power is supplied to the first electric equipment 108 and the second electric equipment 109 through the first power supply loop, wherein the first electric equipment 108 is a driving related control unit, and the second electric equipment 109 is a non-driving related control unit, and accordingly the driving related control unit and the non-driving related control unit can be controlled through different switch circuits, the influence of a switch circuit fault ON driving safety is greatly reduced, and driving safety of an electric vehicle is improved.

In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, a power distribution switch 201 is also included; the output end of the first power supply loop is connected with third electric equipment 203 through the power distribution switch 201;

the first power supply loop is further configured to supply power to the third powered device 203 when the distribution switch 201 is closed.

In this embodiment, the low-voltage power supply device for an electric vehicle further includes a power distribution switch 201, and an output end of the first power supply loop is connected with the third electric equipment 203 through the power distribution switch 201, so that when the first power supply loop is turned on and the power distribution switch 201 is closed, the power can be supplied to the third electric equipment 203 through the low-voltage storage battery 103. The third electric device 203 may be an electric device that distributes power through a large power source, and may include a dual-source oil pump control unit, a lifting control unit, and the like, for example. A fuse may be disposed between the distribution switch 201 and the third electric device 203, so as to avoid damage to the power supply line and the electric device caused by a short circuit fault. The distribution switch 201 may be a mechanical switch to manually control the closing of the distribution switch 201 when there is a useful electrical demand.

The power supply is carried out to different electric equipment through different switch circuits to the embodiment, so that the power demand of different electric equipment is met, the flexibility is high, and under the condition that the switch circuit where the second relay 106 is located has no fault, the power-down of a control unit related to driving is not caused, and the safety in the driving process is ensured.

In an exemplary embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, a fourth relay 202 is also included; the output end of the first power supply loop is also connected with fourth electric equipment 204 through the fourth relay 202; the ignition lock 105 is also connected with the fourth relay 202 and is used for controlling the fourth relay 202 to be closed when the ACC gear is driven;

the first power supply loop is further configured to supply power to the fourth powered device 204 when the fourth relay 202 is closed.

In this embodiment, the electric vehicle low-voltage power supply apparatus further includes a fourth relay 202. The output end of the first power supply loop is further connected with the fourth electric equipment 204 through the fourth relay 202, so that when the first power supply loop is conducted and the fourth relay 202 is closed, power can be supplied to the fourth electric equipment 204 through the low-voltage storage battery 103. The ignition lock 105 is in signal connection with the fourth relay 202, when the first power supply loop is turned on, the output end of the first power supply loop outputs normal electricity to the ignition lock 105, so that when the ignition lock 105 is turned on to an ACC gear, the fourth relay 202 is controlled to be closed by the ignition lock 105, a path from the output end of the first power supply loop to the fourth electric equipment 204 is turned on, and the fourth electric equipment 204 is powered by the low-voltage storage battery 103. The fourth powered device 204 may be a powered device that provides power to information display devices, entertainment devices, etc. in ACC gear.

In an exemplary embodiment, the conversion control module 104 is further connected to an output terminal of the third relay 107, and is configured to detect an output signal of the third relay 107, and control the low-voltage storage battery 103 to enter the sleep mode if the third relay 107 has no output signal.

In this embodiment, the conversion control module 104 is in signal connection with an output end of the third relay 107, and is configured to detect an output signal of the third relay 107, and when a switch line where the third relay 107 is located has an ON electrical output, it indicates that the electric vehicle is in a power-ON state, and can control the low-voltage storage battery 103 to normally provide low voltage power; if the third relay 107 has no output signal, it indicates that the electric vehicle is not powered on, the low-voltage battery 103 can be controlled to enter the sleep mode, so as to reduce the electric energy loss and realize the effective increase of the endurance mileage of the electric vehicle. When the low-voltage storage battery 103 is controlled to enter the sleep mode, the state data of the low-voltage storage battery 103 can be monitored in real time, so that the low-voltage storage battery 103 can normally perform low-voltage power supply after the electric vehicle is electrified.

It may be appreciated that the conversion control module 104 may detect the output signal of the third relay 107 when the electric vehicle is powered on, and control the low-voltage battery 103 to start supplying power when the third relay 107 has the output signal, so that the low-voltage battery 103 can normally perform low-voltage power supply after the electric vehicle is powered on. The conversion control module 104 may further detect an output signal of the third relay 107 when the electric vehicle is powered down, and if no output signal is provided to the third relay 107 for a preset period of time, it indicates that the electric vehicle is powered down successfully, and controls the low-voltage battery 103 to enter the sleep mode, so as to reduce power consumption.

In an exemplary embodiment, the low-voltage storage battery 103 is provided with a state monitoring device;

the state monitoring device is used for detecting state data of the low-voltage storage battery 103;

the conversion control module 104 is connected to the state monitoring device, and is configured to obtain state data of the low-voltage battery 103 when the second power supply loop is turned on, and control on and off of the first relay 101 based on the state data.

In this embodiment, the state data of the low-voltage battery 103 may include discharge voltage, discharge current and temperature data, and accordingly, the state monitoring device may include a voltage acquisition device, a current acquisition device and a temperature acquisition device, which may respectively employ a voltage sensor, a current sensor and a temperature sensor. The discharge voltage is the output voltage of the low-voltage battery 103, the discharge current is the output current of the low-voltage battery 103, and the temperature data is the self temperature of the low-voltage battery 103.

When the second power supply loop is conducted, the conversion control module 104 enters a working mode, and the conversion control module 104 is connected with the voltage acquisition device, the current acquisition device and the temperature acquisition device through the voltage acquisition wire harness, the current acquisition wire harness and the temperature acquisition wire harness respectively and is used for acquiring state data of the low-voltage storage battery 103 when the second power supply loop is conducted and controlling the first relay 101 to be closed and opened based on the state data. For example, when each state data satisfies the corresponding on-off threshold, the first relay 101 is controlled to be closed, otherwise, the first relay 101 is controlled to be opened.

It will be appreciated that the conversion control module 104 may also provide a relevant prompt when one or more of the status data does not meet the corresponding on/off threshold. In addition, when each state data satisfies the corresponding on-off threshold, and the temperature data is greater than the upper limit value in the temperature adjustment threshold or less than the lower limit value in the temperature adjustment threshold, a corresponding control command can be sent to the heating device or the cooling device of the low-voltage storage battery 103, so as to adjust the temperature of the low-voltage storage battery 103, ensure the safety and the effectiveness in the power supply process of the low-voltage storage battery 103, and improve the service life of the low-voltage storage battery 103.

In addition, when each state data satisfies the corresponding on-off threshold, the conversion control module 104 may also adjust the magnitude of the discharge current of the low-voltage battery 103 based on the temperature data of the low-voltage battery 103. For example, when the temperature data of the low-voltage battery 103 is greater than the preset temperature value, the target value of the discharge current of the low-voltage battery 103 may be determined based on the temperature data of the low-voltage battery 103 to adjust the discharge current of the low-voltage battery 103 according to the target value of the discharge current, where the target value of the discharge current of the low-voltage battery 103 may be determined according to the correspondence between the preset temperature data and the discharge current, thereby further improving the safety during the power supply of the low-voltage battery 103.

In an exemplary embodiment, the conversion control module 104 is also coupled to a vehicle controller;

the conversion control module 104 is further configured to control on and off of the first relay 101 based on an on/off command sent by the vehicle controller.

In this embodiment, the conversion control module 104 may be connected to a vehicle controller of an electric vehicle through a CAN bus, so as to control the on/off of the first relay 101 based on an on/off command sent by the vehicle controller, thereby implementing flexible control of power supply to the low-voltage battery 103. It will be appreciated that when controlling the closing and opening of the first relay 101 according to a plurality of conditions, the switching control module 104 controls the first relay 101 to be closed if each condition meets the requirement of controlling the first relay 101 to be closed, and otherwise controls the first relay 101 to be opened.

In an exemplary embodiment, the conversion control module 104 is further configured to:

when the second power supply loop is conducted, the low-voltage storage battery 103 is controlled to perform self-detection;

acquiring the state data of the low-voltage storage battery 103 when the low-voltage storage battery 103 is determined to be fault-free according to the self-checking result of the low-voltage storage battery 103; and when the low-voltage storage battery 103 is determined to have faults according to the self-checking result, carrying out fault prompt.

In this embodiment, when the second power supply loop is turned on, the conversion control module 104 enters a working mode, controls the low-voltage storage battery 103 to perform self-test, determines whether the low-voltage storage battery 103 has a fault according to a self-test result of the low-voltage storage battery 103, and performs fault prompt when the low-voltage storage battery 103 has a fault, for example, may control a fault lamp to be turned on to remind an operator to perform troubleshooting, and may also send fault prompt information to a vehicle controller and/or a central control screen of the electric vehicle through the CAN bus. When the low-voltage storage battery 103 has no fault, the state data of the low-voltage storage battery 103 can be further acquired to control the on and off of the first relay 101 according to the state data, so that the safety in the power supply process of the low-voltage storage battery 103 is further improved through double detection.

In an exemplary embodiment, the conversion control module 104 is also connected to a power battery and a high voltage control module of the electric vehicle;

the conversion control module 104 is configured to obtain a remaining power and/or a discharge current of the low-voltage storage battery 103; and is further configured to send a high voltage request command to the high voltage control module when it is determined that the low voltage battery 103 satisfies a charging condition based on the remaining power and/or the discharge current;

the high voltage control module is configured to control the power battery to output a voltage signal to the conversion control module 104 based on the high voltage request command;

the conversion control module 104 is further configured to convert the voltage signal into a charging voltage of the low-voltage battery.

In this embodiment, the conversion control module 104 is also electrically connected to the power battery of the electric vehicle and to the high voltage control module signal.

When the second power supply loop is turned on, the conversion control module 104 may obtain the remaining capacity and/or the discharge current of the low-voltage battery 103 in real time, for example, the conversion control module 104 may communicate with other control devices to obtain the remaining capacity and/or the discharge current of the low-voltage battery 103, and may determine the remaining capacity and/or the discharge current of the low-voltage battery 103 according to the state data of the low-voltage battery 103. For example, the product of the discharge voltage and the discharge current may be used as the remaining power, and the correction process may be performed on the discharge voltage and the discharge current based on the temperature data, and the product of the discharge voltage after the correction process and the discharge current after the correction process may be used as the remaining power. When it is determined that the low-voltage storage battery 103 satisfies the charging condition according to the remaining capacity and/or the discharge current, the voltage signal output from the power battery is converted into the charging voltage of the low-voltage storage battery 103 by the conversion control module 104, and the low-voltage storage battery 103 is charged.

The specific manner in which the conversion control module 104 determines whether the low-voltage battery 103 satisfies the charging condition according to the remaining power and/or the discharging current may be set according to actual requirements. For example, it may be determined that the charging condition is satisfied when the remaining power is less than or equal to a first preset power value; the charging condition may also be determined to be satisfied when the discharge current is greater than a preset current value; and the charging condition can be determined to be met when the residual electric quantity is larger than a first preset electric quantity value and smaller than a second preset electric quantity value and the discharge current is larger than a preset current value, wherein the second preset electric quantity value is larger than the first preset electric quantity value.

The DCDC converter continuously works after the traditional electric vehicle is electrified to charge the low-voltage storage battery 103, so that the service life of the DCDC converter cannot be guaranteed, and the DCDC converter runs for a long time with low efficiency, so that the consumption of electric energy is caused, and the endurance mileage of the electric vehicle cannot be guaranteed. In the embodiment of the invention, whether the low-voltage storage battery 103 meets the charging condition is monitored in real time based on the residual capacity and/or the discharging current of the low-voltage storage battery 103, and the low-voltage storage battery 103 is charged according to the monitoring result, so that the calculated amount of the conversion control module 104 is reduced, the operation efficiency of the conversion control module 104 is improved, the consumption of electric energy is further reduced, and the endurance course of the electric vehicle is improved.

Meanwhile, the DCDC converter of the existing electric vehicle is usually integrated inside the integrated circuit, the DCDC converter and the low-voltage storage battery 103 are respectively and independently controlled through separate control boards, on one hand, the signal receiving and transmitting are greatly delayed, and the signal receiving and transmitting cannot be normally carried out under the condition of bus faults, so that the reliability of charging of the low-voltage storage battery 103 cannot be ensured, and on the other hand, the cost of the electric vehicle is greatly increased. In the embodiment of the invention, the conversion control module 104 and the low-voltage storage battery 103 are integrated in the same box body, and the power supply process and the charging process of the low-voltage storage battery 103 are synchronously controlled by the conversion control module 104, so that on one hand, the signal receiving and transmitting are not needed between the low-voltage storage battery 103 and the conversion control module 104, and the delay of the signal receiving and transmitting and the influence of bus faults on the signal receiving and transmitting are avoided, thereby ensuring the reliability of the charging of the low-voltage storage battery 103; on the other hand, the use quantity of the control boards can be effectively reduced, and the cost of the electric vehicle is effectively reduced.

In addition, in the process of determining whether the low-voltage storage battery 103 meets the charging condition, the embodiment further improves the reliability of charging by comprehensively considering the residual capacity and the discharging current of the low-voltage storage battery 103, so that the service life of the low-voltage storage battery 103 can be ensured, and meanwhile, the working performance of the low-voltage storage battery 103 can be effectively improved.

In an exemplary embodiment, the conversion control module 104 is further configured to send a high-voltage stop instruction to the high-voltage control module when it is determined that the low-voltage battery 103 meets a charge stop condition based on the remaining power;

the high voltage control module is configured to control the power battery to stop outputting the voltage signal to the conversion control module 104 based on the high voltage stop command.

In this embodiment, the conversion control module 104 further determines whether the low-voltage storage battery 103 meets the charging stop condition in the charging process of the low-voltage storage battery 103, and if the remaining capacity of the low-voltage storage battery 103 is greater than or equal to the third preset electric capacity value, determines that the low-voltage storage battery 103 meets the charging stop condition, and stops charging the low-voltage storage battery 103, so that charging can be stopped in time when charging of the low-voltage storage battery 103 is completed, electric energy consumed by the conversion control module 104 is further reduced, and the range of the electric vehicle is increased.

The third preset electric power value may be set according to actual requirements, for example, may be greater than or equal to 95% of the rated electric power of the low-voltage battery 103.

The specific construction and operation of the low-voltage power supply device for an electric vehicle according to the present invention will be described below with reference to an alternative embodiment. As shown in fig. 3, the low-voltage power supply device of the electric vehicle of the present example includes a first power supply circuit formed by a low-voltage battery 103, a first relay 101, and a conversion control module 104; when the first relay 101 is closed, the voltage conversion component in the conversion control module 104 is supplied with power by the low-voltage storage battery 103, and the output terminals (i.e., 24V positive electrode output terminal and 24V negative electrode output terminal) of the first power supply circuit output constant electricity through the first fuse 301.

The output end of the first power supply loop is connected with the second relay 106 through the second fuse 302 and is connected with the third relay 107 through the third fuse 303, the output end of the first power supply loop is also connected with the distribution switch 201 and the fourth relay 202, the distribution switch 201 supplies power to the third electric equipment 203 through the fuse box 305, a plurality of fuses connected in parallel are arranged in the fuse box 305, and each fuse can be connected with one path of the third electric equipment 203; the IG1 end of the ignition lock 105 is connected with the second relay 106 and the third relay 107, the ACC end of the ignition lock 105 is connected with the fourth relay 202, and the B1 end and the B2 end of the ignition lock 105 are connected with the output end of the first power supply loop through the fourth fuse 304 for inputting electric energy; when the ignition lock 105 is in ACC gear, the fourth relay 202 is controlled to be closed, and the fourth relay 202 outputs ACC electricity for supplying power to the fourth electric equipment 204; when the ignition lock 105 is in an ON gear, the second relay 106 and the third relay 107 are controlled to be closed, the low-voltage storage battery 103 outputs first ON power to supply power to the first electric equipment 108, and outputs second ON power to supply power to the second electric equipment 109; when the ignition lock 105 is in a START gear, an engine starting signal is output through the ST end of the ignition lock 105 so as to START the engine; when the distribution switch 201 is closed, the constant electricity output by the first power supply loop supplies power to the third electric equipment 203.

A second power supply loop formed by the low-voltage battery 103, the conversion control module 104 and the power switch 102 is further included to supply power to the control board in the conversion control module 104 through the low-voltage battery 103 when the power switch 102 is closed. The conversion control module 104 is also connected with the power battery through a high-voltage input positive electrode and a high-voltage input negative electrode, and when the conversion control module 104 recognizes that the low-voltage storage battery 103 meets the charging condition, the conversion control module converts the output voltage of the power battery into 24V voltage to charge the low-voltage storage battery 103; the low-voltage storage battery 103 is provided with a voltage sensor, a current sensor 306 and a temperature sensor (the voltage sensor and the temperature sensor are arranged inside the low-voltage storage battery 103 and are not shown in fig. 3), and the conversion control module 104 is respectively connected with the voltage sensor, the current sensor 306 and the temperature sensor through a voltage acquisition wire harness 307, a current acquisition wire harness 308 and a temperature acquisition wire harness 309 so as to acquire discharge voltage, discharge current and temperature data of the low-voltage storage battery 103; the conversion control module 104 also performs data interaction with the whole vehicle through the CAN bus.

The operation flow of the low-voltage power supply device for an electric vehicle is shown in fig. 4, and includes: when the vehicle has electricity demand, an operator presses the power switch 102 for three seconds, the power switch 102 is closed, and a control panel in the conversion control module 104 enters a working mode; the conversion control module 104 is used for controlling the low-voltage storage battery 103 to perform self-test, if the self-test has faults, a fault lamp is turned on to prompt faults so as to facilitate timely troubleshooting of operators, if the self-test has no faults, the conversion control module 104 is used for acquiring discharge voltage, discharge current and temperature data of the low-voltage storage battery 103 in real time, and controlling the first relay 101 to be closed when the discharge voltage, the discharge current and the temperature data meet preset ranges, and normal electricity is provided for the whole vehicle through the low-voltage storage battery 103; when the distribution switch 201 is closed, the low-voltage storage battery 103 supplies power to the third electric equipment 203 through the fuse box 305; meanwhile, the output end of the low-voltage storage battery 103 distributes electricity to the whole vehicle normally through a first fuse 301, the ignition LOCK 105 is connected with the output end of the first power supply loop through a fourth fuse 304, when an operator drives the ignition LOCK 105 from the LOCK gear to the ACC gear according to the needs, the ignition LOCK 105 controls the fourth relay 202 to be closed through a hard wire, and the low-voltage storage battery 103 supplies power to the fourth electric equipment 204; when an operator drives the ignition LOCK 105 from the LOCK gear to the ON gear according to the requirement, the ignition LOCK 105 controls the second relay 106 and the third relay 107 to be closed through hard wires, and the low-voltage storage battery 103 provides first ON electricity for the first electric equipment 108 and provides second ON electricity for the second electric equipment 109; meanwhile, whether the second ON electricity has a signal or not is detected through the conversion control module 104, if no signal exists, the conversion control module 104 controls the low-voltage storage battery 103 to enter a low-power consumption sleep mode, and discharge voltage, discharge current and temperature data of the low-voltage storage battery 103 are collected in real time; if the signal exists, the conversion control module 104 controls the low-voltage storage battery 103 to supply power to the whole vehicle at low voltage, and in the power supply process, the conversion control module 104 CAN perform data interaction with the whole vehicle through a CAN line; the conversion control module 104 monitors and calculates the residual capacity of the low-voltage storage battery 103 and the discharge current of the low-voltage storage battery 103 in real time, when the residual capacity of the low-voltage storage battery 103 is lower than 30% of a rated value or the discharge current of the low-voltage storage battery 103 is larger than 20 amperes, the conversion control module 104 requests high-voltage distribution input through a bus command, the conversion control module 104 converts the output voltage of the power battery into 24V voltage to charge the low-voltage storage battery 103, and when the residual capacity of the low-voltage storage battery 103 is larger than 95%, the charging is stopped; when the conversion control module 104 monitors that the second ON power lasts for more than 5 seconds and no signal exists, the low-voltage storage battery 103 is controlled to enter the low-power consumption sleep mode again; when the vehicle is parked for a long time, the power switch 102 is pressed for five seconds, the power switch 102 is turned off, the conversion control module 104 turns off the first relay 101, and the low-voltage battery 103 stops supplying power to the outside.

The low-voltage power supply method for the electric vehicle provided by the invention is described below, and the low-voltage power supply method for the electric vehicle is realized based on the low-voltage power supply device for the electric vehicle, which are described above, and can be correspondingly referred to each other. As shown in fig. 5, the low-voltage power supply method for the electric vehicle at least comprises the following steps:

s501, when a second power supply loop of the low-voltage storage battery is conducted, the conversion control module controls the first relay to be closed; the first relay is arranged in a first power supply loop of the low-voltage storage battery and used for controlling the on-off of the first power supply loop; the second power supply loop is used for supplying power to the conversion control module; the low-voltage storage battery and the conversion control module are integrated in the same box body;

s502, if the ignition lock is locked to an ON gear, the second relay and the third relay are controlled to be closed, and the first electric equipment and the second electric equipment are powered by the low-voltage storage battery; the output end of the first power supply loop is connected with the first electric equipment through the second relay and connected with the second electric equipment through the third relay; the first electric equipment is a driving related control unit, and the second electric equipment is a non-driving related control unit.

In an exemplary embodiment, further comprising:

if the distribution switch is closed, the third electric equipment is powered by the low-voltage storage battery; the output end of the first power supply loop is connected with the third electric equipment through the power distribution switch.

In an exemplary embodiment, further comprising:

if the ignition lock is locked to the ACC gear, the fourth relay is controlled to be closed, and power is supplied to fourth electric equipment through the low-voltage storage battery; the output end of the first power supply loop is connected with the fourth electric equipment through the fourth relay.

In an exemplary embodiment, further comprising:

and the conversion control module detects the output signal of the third relay, and controls the low-voltage storage battery to enter a sleep mode if the third relay has no output signal.

In an exemplary embodiment, the switching control module acquires state data of the low-voltage storage battery when the second power supply loop is turned on, and controls the first relay to be turned on and off based on the state data.

In an exemplary embodiment, the switching control module controls the first relay to be turned on and off based on an on-off command sent by the vehicle controller.

In an exemplary embodiment, further comprising:

the conversion control module obtains the residual electric quantity and/or the discharge current of the low-voltage storage battery;

the conversion control module sends a high-voltage request instruction to a high-voltage control module when determining that the low-voltage storage battery meets a charging condition based on the residual electric quantity and/or the discharging current; the high-voltage control module is used for controlling the power battery to output a voltage signal to the conversion control module based on the high-voltage request instruction;

the conversion control module converts the voltage signal into a charging voltage of the low-voltage storage battery.

In an exemplary embodiment, further comprising:

the conversion control module sends a high-voltage stopping instruction to the high-voltage control module when determining that the low-voltage storage battery meets a charging stopping condition based on the residual electric quantity; the high-voltage control module is further used for controlling the power battery to stop outputting the voltage signal to the conversion control module based on the high-voltage stop instruction.

The invention also provides an electric vehicle, comprising the electric vehicle low-voltage power supply device according to any embodiment.

In this embodiment, the electric vehicle may be a passenger car or a commercial car, and the commercial car may be an electric work machine such as a crane, an excavator, or the like.

Fig. 6 illustrates a physical schematic diagram of an electronic device, as shown in fig. 6, which may include: processor 601, communication interface (Communications Interface) 602, memory 603 and communication bus 604, wherein processor 601, communication interface 602, memory 603 complete the communication between each other through communication bus 604. The processor 601 may invoke logic instructions in the memory 603 to perform an electric vehicle low voltage power method comprising: when the second power supply loop of the low-voltage storage battery is conducted, the conversion control module controls the first relay to be closed; the first relay is arranged in a first power supply loop of the low-voltage storage battery and used for controlling the on-off of the first power supply loop; the second power supply loop is used for supplying power to the conversion control module; the low-voltage storage battery and the conversion control module are integrated in the same box body;

Further, the logic instructions in the memory 603 described above may be implemented in the form of software functional units and may be stored in a computer readable storage medium when sold or used as a stand alone product. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied essentially or in a part contributing to the prior art or in a part of the technical solution, in the form of a software product stored in a storage medium, comprising several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, a network device, etc.) to perform all or part of the steps of the method according to the embodiments of the present invention. And the aforementioned storage medium includes: a U-disk, a removable hard disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a random access Memory (RAM, random Access Memory), a magnetic disk, or an optical disk, or other various media capable of storing program codes.

In another aspect, the present invention also provides a computer program product comprising a computer program stored on a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, the computer program comprising program instructions which, when executed by a computer, enable the computer to perform the method of low voltage power supply for an electric vehicle provided by the methods described above, the method comprising: when the second power supply loop of the low-voltage storage battery is conducted, the conversion control module controls the first relay to be closed; the first relay is arranged in a first power supply loop of the low-voltage storage battery and used for controlling the on-off of the first power supply loop; the second power supply loop is used for supplying power to the conversion control module; the low-voltage storage battery and the conversion control module are integrated in the same box body;

In yet another aspect, the present invention also provides a non-transitory computer readable storage medium having stored thereon a computer program which, when executed by a processor, is implemented to perform the above-provided electric vehicle low voltage power supply methods, the method comprising: when the second power supply loop of the low-voltage storage battery is conducted, the conversion control module controls the first relay to be closed; the first relay is arranged in a first power supply loop of the low-voltage storage battery and used for controlling the on-off of the first power supply loop; the second power supply loop is used for supplying power to the conversion control module; the low-voltage storage battery and the conversion control module are integrated in the same box body;

The apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative, wherein the elements illustrated as separate elements may or may not be physically separate, and the elements shown as elements may or may not be physical elements, may be located in one place, or may be distributed over a plurality of network elements. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment. Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand and implement the present invention without undue burden.

From the above description of the embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the embodiments may be implemented by means of software plus necessary general hardware platforms, or of course may be implemented by means of hardware. Based on this understanding, the foregoing technical solution may be embodied essentially or in a part contributing to the prior art in the form of a software product, which may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, such as ROM/RAM, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, etc., including several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the method described in the respective embodiments or some parts of the embodiments.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A low-voltage power supply device for an electric vehicle, comprising: the low-voltage storage battery and the conversion control module are integrated in the same box body;

2. The electric vehicle low voltage power supply of claim 1, further comprising a distribution switch; the output end of the first power supply loop is connected with third electric equipment through the power distribution switch;

3. The electric vehicle low voltage power supply apparatus according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising a fourth relay; the output end of the first power supply loop is also connected with fourth electric equipment through the fourth relay; the ignition lock is also connected with the fourth relay, and is used for controlling the fourth relay to be closed when the ignition lock is in ACC gear;

4. The electric vehicle low-voltage power supply device according to claim 1, wherein the conversion control module is further connected to an output end of the third relay, and is configured to detect an output signal of the third relay, and control the low-voltage battery to enter the sleep mode if the third relay has no output signal.

5. The electric vehicle low-voltage power supply device according to claim 1, wherein the low-voltage storage battery is provided with a state monitoring device;

6. The electric vehicle low-voltage power supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the conversion control module is further connected to a whole vehicle controller;

7. The electric vehicle low voltage power supply apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the conversion control module is further connected to a power battery and a high voltage control module of the electric vehicle;

8. The electric vehicle low-voltage power supply apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the conversion control module is further configured to send a high-voltage stop instruction to the high-voltage control module when it is determined that the low-voltage storage battery satisfies a charge stop condition based on the remaining power amount;

9. A low-voltage power supply method for an electric vehicle, comprising:

10. An electric vehicle, characterized by comprising: the electric vehicle low-voltage power supply apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8.