CN116141213A - Atmospheric hole grinding wheel for grinding linear guide rail and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Atmospheric hole grinding wheel for grinding linear guide rail and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116141213A CN116141213A CN202211090918.0A CN202211090918A CN116141213A CN 116141213 A CN116141213 A CN 116141213A CN 202211090918 A CN202211090918 A CN 202211090918A CN 116141213 A CN116141213 A CN 116141213A
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- grinding
- grinding wheel
- linear guide
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- guide rail
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
- B24D3/02—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent
- B24D3/04—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic
- B24D3/14—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic ceramic, i.e. vitrified bondings
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D18/00—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for
- B24D18/0009—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for using moulds or presses
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
- B24D3/34—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents characterised by additives enhancing special physical properties, e.g. wear resistance, electric conductivity, self-cleaning properties
- B24D3/342—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents characterised by additives enhancing special physical properties, e.g. wear resistance, electric conductivity, self-cleaning properties incorporated in the bonding agent
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of grinding wheels, and particularly relates to an atmospheric hole grinding wheel for grinding a linear guide rail and a preparation method thereof. The atmospheric hole grinding wheel is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of abrasive and binding agent and 7-10 parts of pore-forming material; the amount of the bonding agent is 12-18 parts, the bonding agent is a high-strength low-temperature ceramic bonding agent, and the refractoriness of the high-strength low-temperature ceramic bonding agent is 930-960 ℃; the abrasive is prepared from ceramic corundum, white corundum and monocrystalline corundum according to the mass ratio of (10-50): (15-60): 20. The atmospheric hole grinding wheel for grinding the linear guide rail has the advantages that the self-sharpening property of the grinding wheel is good and the shape retention is high due to the cooperation of the mixed abrasive and the low-temperature ceramic bonding agent, so that the technical requirement of the grinding processing of the linear guide rail is met.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of grinding wheels, and particularly relates to an atmospheric hole grinding wheel for grinding a linear guide rail and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Linear guides are widely used as sliding parts for industrial machines such as precision machine tools, textile machines, food packaging machines, printing machines, and the like. Along with the rapid development of the intelligent manufacturing industry, the development of high speed, high precision and environmental protection and energy saving in the machine tool industry is promoted, and higher requirements are also put on the dimensional accuracy, straightness and stability of the linear guide rail.
The linear guide rail is mainly made of alloy steel, the length of the linear guide rail can reach more than 4 meters, sliding grooves are formed in two sides of the linear guide rail for assembling the sliding blocks, and the groove surfaces of the sliding grooves are in contact with rolling parts in the sliding blocks. When the chute is processed, the corresponding part is subjected to surface quenching treatment, so that the hardness is high, and the requirements on the grinding removal capacity, the linear shape retention capacity and the processing precision of the grinding wheel are high.
The related capability of the existing grinding wheel product is deficient when the linear guide rail is ground, and the related capability is mainly represented by the following aspects:
1. the problems of dimensional accuracy and shape retention are further improved so as to meet the requirements of high-precision linear guide rail products.
2. The workpiece is easy to burn, shake marks, scratch and the like in the grinding process.
3. The grinding efficiency is low and frequent dressing is required.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an atmospheric hole grinding wheel for grinding a linear guide rail, which solves the problems of the existing grinding wheel that the dimensional accuracy, shape retention, surface roughness and the like are to be improved when the linear guide rail is ground.
The second object of the invention is to provide a method for preparing the atmospheric hole grinding wheel for grinding the linear guide rail.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the atmospheric hole grinding wheel for grinding the linear guide rail is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of abrasive and binding agent and 7-10 parts of pore-forming material; the high-strength low-temperature ceramic bonding agent comprises, by mass, 12-18 parts of bonding agent, wherein the bonding agent is a high-strength low-temperature ceramic bonding agent, the refractoriness of the high-strength low-temperature ceramic bonding agent is 930-960 ℃, and the high-strength low-temperature ceramic bonding agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: siO (SiO) 2 62～64％，Al 2 O 3 14～16％，Fe 2 O 3 1～2％，K 2 O 9～10％，Na 2 O 5～6％，Li 2 CO 3 4～5％，CaCO 3 2-3%; the saidThe abrasive is made of ceramic corundum, white corundum and monocrystalline corundum according to the mass ratio of (10-50): (15-60): 20.
The invention relates to an atmospheric hole grinding wheel for grinding a linear guide rail, which is prepared from a low-temperature ceramic bonding agent and a mixed abrasive material consisting of ceramic corundum, white corundum and monocrystalline corundum.
The low-temperature ceramic bond is designed aiming at the mixed abrasive, so that the refractoriness of the bond is greatly reduced, the sintering temperature of the grinding wheel is reduced, and the production period of the grinding wheel is accelerated. In addition, the bonding agent generates more liquid phase in the sintering process, the bonding agent can wet the surface of the abrasive particles in a large area, has stronger reaction capability with the abrasive particles, has better holding force on the abrasive particles, generates more glass phase and improves the strength of the whole grinding tool. Preferably, the ignition amount of the low-temperature ceramic bonding agent is 3 to 4.5%.
The matching of the mixed abrasive and the low-temperature ceramic bond ensures that the grinding wheel has good self-sharpening property and higher shape retention, and meets the technical requirements of linear guide rail grinding processing.
Preferably, the granularity of the ceramic corundum is F80, the granularity of the white corundum is F80, and the granularity of the single crystal corundum is F100.
Preferably, the pore-forming material is refined naphthalene with a particle size of F40-F80.
Preferably, the raw materials comprise a wetting agent and a binder, wherein the wetting agent is water glass, and the binder is dextrin. It is further preferred that the wetting agent is used in an amount of 1 to 5 parts and the binder is used in an amount of 0.2 to 1.5 parts per 100 parts of the abrasive and the binder. The amount of the wetting agent is preferably 2 to 3 parts. The water glass is preferably sodium water glass, the modulus is 2.3-2.6%, and the density is 1.4-1.6 g/cm 3 。
The preparation method of the atmospheric hole grinding wheel for grinding the linear guide rail comprises the following steps: mixing, shaping, drying and sintering at 1000 deg.C.
According to the preparation method of the large-pore grinding wheel for grinding the linear guide rail, disclosed by the invention, the bonding agent is matched with the sintering temperature properly, so that the phenomena of foaming deformation and other waste products easily caused by low refractoriness are avoided, and the problem of unstable bonding between the bonding agent and abrasive particles caused by high refractoriness is also avoided.
Preferably, the mixing comprises dry mixing the abrasive materials, adding a wetting agent for wet mixing, adding a binding agent for mixing, adding a pore-forming material for mixing, and sealing for choke plug for 12-24 hours.
Preferably, after mixing, 3-5 times of feeding are carried out, before the last feeding, stirring, strickling and ramming are carried out after each feeding, and stirring, strickling and compacting are carried out after the last feeding; the pressure of the compression molding is 5-10MPa, and the pressure is maintained for 30s.
Preferably, the drying is natural drying for one day and drying at 110 ℃ for one day.
Preferably, the firing time is 16 hours; the sintering process includes heating to 110-120 deg.c for 3-4 hr, heating to 1000 deg.c at 20-60 deg.c/hr, maintaining at 1000 deg.c for 16 hr, cooling to 700-800 deg.c at 50-200 deg.c/hr, cooling to 150-200 deg.c at 25-50 deg.c/hr, cooling to 55-60 deg.c at 13-15 deg.c/hr and maintaining for 10-11 hr.
Detailed Description
When the linear guide rail is processed, the temperature of a grinding area, which is contacted with a workpiece during high-speed grinding, of the grinding wheel is extremely high (more than 1000 ℃), and the workpiece is easy to burn. In order to improve the situation, a grinding wheel preparation formula is designed to enlarge or increase the air holes of the grinding wheel (namely, an atmospheric grinding wheel) so that cooling liquid and cold air enter a grinding area to absorb heat to realize the cooling effect, and meanwhile, the air holes can take away grinding dust, so that the processing precision of a product is improved.
In the invention, firstly, the grinding materials of different varieties are reasonably proportioned and matched with proper binder formulas. The bulk density of the mixed abrasive is larger than that of a single abrasive, so that the density and hardness of the grinding wheel are improved, and the cutting sharpness and wear resistance during grinding are ensured; and secondly, adopting a special loose formula structure. The pore-forming agent is added in a certain proportion, so that no burn is caused during grinding of the grinding wheel for grinding the linear guide rail, and the machining precision is improved; finally, the optimized forming process is combined to ensure that the dimensional accuracy of the grinding wheel can still keep consistent when the grinding wheel grinds long linear guide rail products (for example, the rail length reaches 4-6 m).
The present invention exhibits the following characteristics when the linear guide is subjected to the grinding process:
1. the cutting capability and the durability of the grinding wheel are improved, and the dressing frequency of the grinding wheel is reduced, so that the dimensional accuracy and the shape retention of the guide rail are ensured.
2. The heat dissipation and chip removal capability and the tissue uniformity of the grinding wheel are improved, and the conditions of burn, vibration patterns, scratch and the like of a workpiece are prevented.
In order to achieve the characteristics, the invention performs three researches on the matching property of a binding agent and an abrasive, the matching property of a ceramic corundum abrasive and a common abrasive and the manufacturing of micro-pores.
In the aspect of matching the bonding agent with the abrasive, the low-temperature bonding agent with good self-sharpening property is adopted to match the abrasive, so that the grinding wheel has higher shape retention and meets the technical requirements of linear guide rail grinding processing.
The binding agent plays roles of binding and holding abrasive particles in the manufacture of the grinding tool, determines main performances such as strength, self-sharpening property, service life and the like of the grinding tool, and the refractoriness is one of main performance indexes of the binding agent, if the refractoriness is higher, the binding agent is not firmly combined with the abrasive particles, the hardness and strength of the grinding tool can be reduced, and if the refractoriness is lower, wastes such as foaming deformation and the like are easily generated.
The grinding linear guide rail atmospheric hole grinding wheel is prepared by adopting a high-strength ceramic low-temperature bonding agent, has better holding force on the grinding material, and greatly reduces the consumption of the bonding agent, so that the exposed area of the grinding material is increased, the fluidity of cooling liquid is better, more heat and cutting can be taken away, the burn of a workpiece is reduced, and the grinding linear guide rail atmospheric hole grinding wheel is very suitable for scenes with high requirements on cold cutting and workpiece surface quality; meanwhile, the characteristic that the binding agent has better holding force on the abrasive material obviously improves the shape retention of the grinding wheel, so that the grinding wheel does not need to be frequently dressed, and the dressing time and the loss of the dresser are greatly reduced; in addition, the bonding agent obviously increases the strength of the grinding wheel, so that the grinding machine operates at high feed speed, high linear speed and high pressure, and the productivity is greatly improved.
In the aspect of matching of the ceramic corundum abrasive and the common abrasive, the formula of mixed use of the ceramic corundum abrasive and other abrasives is adopted, so that the cutting capability is high and the roughness meets the grinding requirement during grinding of the grinding wheel.
The ceramic corundum abrasive consists of uniform submicron crystals, is sharp in abrasive particles and strong in cutting capability, can continuously generate new cutting edges through micro-crushing when being pressed, and has good self-sharpening performance. The grinding wheel is prepared by mixing white corundum abrasive materials in a certain proportion, so that the optimal combination of the grinding effect and the grinding wheel cost can be achieved. The grinding performance of the grinding wheel can be further improved by introducing the monocrystalline corundum with different granularities.
By introducing the monocrystalline corundum with different granularities, the bulk density of the abrasive can be increased, higher hardness can be achieved under the condition of the content of the same binding agent, and the strength can be slightly improved. In addition, the mixed granularity can improve the grinding efficiency and the surface finish of the processed workpiece.
In the aspect of micro-pore manufacture, the grinding wheel has a micro-pore structure and a special loose tissue structure by introducing a fine-grain pore-forming agent, so that the grinding wheel is ensured to have no conditions of burn, vibration marks and the like when a workpiece is processed.
The grinding wheel forming method of the present invention is further described below.
And (2) a binding agent: preparing raw materials of a binding agent (clay, feldspar, boron glass, lithium carbonate and the like) according to the components, ball milling for 6 hours, and passing through a No. 200 screen after ball milling, wherein the undersize is the binding agent, and the binding agent is stored in a sealing way and cannot be humidified. The raw materials comprise the following components in percentage by weight: 10-20% of clay, 25-55% of feldspar, 10-25% of boron glass and the balance of lithium carbonate. The preferable composition of the raw materials in percentage by weight is: 15-16% of clay, 52-53% of feldspar, 28-29% of boron glass and 5-6% of lithium carbonate. Wherein, clay plays a role in improving the plasticity and strength of the blank body and improving the refractoriness of the bonding agent; feldspar plays roles of promoting melting, reducing the refractoriness and sintering temperature of a bonding agent and firmly bonding abrasive materials; the boron glass has the functions of promoting melting, reducing the refractoriness of the bonding agent, improving the fluidity of the bonding agent and enabling the bonding agent to be uniformly distributed among the abrasive materials.
Mixing: dry-mixing for 2-4min to ensure uniformity of distribution of different abrasive materials, adding wetting agent, wet-mixing for 5-10min, pouring bonding agent and abrasive materials, mixing for 8-10min to ensure sufficient combination of abrasive materials and bonding agent, adding pore-forming agent, stirring for 3-5min, and sieving with No. 20 screen twice. And (5) re-weighing is carried out, so that the accuracy of the total weight is ensured. And finally, sealing and storing the mixed materials, and carrying out choke plug for 12-24 hours to ensure that the materials have good forming performance.
The mixing time is controlled, the binder can be uniformly distributed on the surface of each abrasive particle through multiple sieving and material filling, and the hardness uniformity and good forming performance of the grinding wheel are ensured.
And (3) forming: the feeding is determined to be divided into several times according to the size and the height of the grinding wheel. The material is generally required to be fed for 3 to 5 times, and after the material is fed for the last time, the material is fully stirred, scraped and rammed, the ramming is uniformly carried out from light weight to heavy weight, and the ramming is not required for the last time. The molding pressure is 5-10MPa, and the pressure is maintained for 30s. After the first sheet is formed, it is checked whether the actual height corresponds to the theoretical height to determine whether to adjust the singles.
The formed multiple feeding, stirring, scraping, ramming and pressure maintaining time control can ensure that the grinding wheel has good tissue uniformity, and prevent the occurrence of the conditions of quick sand removal, easy burn and the like of part positions.
And (3) drying: naturally drying for one day, and drying in a drying oven at 110 ℃ for one day. And after the temperature of the oven is reduced to 40 ℃, taking out the grinding wheel from the drying oven.
Firing: sintering by adopting a car kiln process, selecting 1000 ℃ as sintering temperature, and preserving heat for 16 hours.
The drying and sintering process ensures that the binding agent has high hardness and strength due to the reaction capability, fluidity and the like at high temperature, and the fluctuation is small during batch production.
Through small-batch grinding test of clients, the dimension precision of the original product is 5 mu m, and the service life is 100 pieces/piece. The grinding result of the product is that the dimensional accuracy is less than or equal to 5 mu m, the shape retention is better, the service life is 300 pieces/piece, the surface finish is less than or equal to 0.4 mu m, the trimming frequency is reduced, and the conditions of burn, vibration lines, scratch and the like are avoided.
The following describes the practice of the invention in detail with reference to specific examples.
1. The invention relates to an atmospheric hole grinding wheel for grinding a linear guide rail and a specific embodiment of a preparation method thereof
Example 1
The atmospheric hole grinding wheel for grinding the linear guide rail is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of abrasive ceramic corundum F80, 58 parts of white corundum F80 and 20 parts of monocrystalline corundum F100; 12 parts of a binding agent; 8 parts of pore-forming material, wherein the pore-forming material is refined naphthalene, and the granularity is F80; 0.2 parts of dextrin powder; 2.4 parts of wetting agent water glass, wherein the modulus M= (SiO) of the water glass 2 ％/SiO 2 )/(Na 2 O％/Na 2 O) =2.5, density of 1.45g/cm 3 。
The refractoriness of the binder of this example was 950 ℃ and the ignition loss was 3.6%. The refractoriness is carried out in accordance with the specification of GB/T7322-2007. The test procedure for the ignition loss was as follows: accurately weighing 1g of bonding agent, drying at 110 ℃ for 1h, placing the bonding agent in a crucible, burning in an electric furnace at 400 ℃ for 10min, gradually heating to 1000 ℃, continuously burning for 2h, taking out to room temperature, and weighing.
The mass percentages of the binders are shown in table 1 below:
table 1 mass percent composition of the binder of example 1
| SiO 2 | Al 2 O 3 | Fe 2 O 3 | K 2 O | Na 2 O | Li 2 CO 3 | CaCO 3 |
| 62.50 | 14.00 | 1.00 | 9.50 | 5.00 | 5.00 | 3.00 |
The preparation method of the atmospheric hole grinding wheel for grinding the linear guide rail of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) 15 parts of clay, 52 parts of feldspar, 28 parts of boron glass and 5 parts of lithium carbonate are used as raw materials of a binding agent, the raw materials of the binding agent are ball-milled for 6 hours, the ball-milled raw materials pass through a No. 200 screen, and the undersize is the binding agent, so that the binding agent is preserved in a sealing manner and cannot be humidified.
(2) Dry-mixing the abrasive materials by adopting a countercurrent mixer for 4min, adding a wetting agent for wet mixing for 5min, mixing and stirring the binding agent and the abrasive materials for 8min, adding a pore-forming material for stirring for 3min, sieving with a No. 20 screen twice, re-weighing and choke-charging for 24h.
(3) The material is thrown for 3 times, and after the material is thrown for the last time, the material is stirred fully, scraped evenly and is stirred slowly from light to heavy, and the material is not needed to be stirred for the last time. The isostatic pressing head is used for pressing to ensure the tissue uniformity of the grinding wheel, the molding pressure is 8MPa, and the pressure is maintained for 30s. And then naturally dried for one day, and then dried in a drying oven at 110 ℃ for one day. And (5) after the temperature of the oven is reduced to 40 ℃, taking out the oven from the drying oven to obtain a grinding wheel blank.
(4) Sintering by adopting a car kiln process, wherein the sintering temperature is 1000 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 16 hours. The specific firing schedule is shown in Table 2.
Table 2 firing schedule of the atmospheric grinding wheel of example 1
| Temperature range of DEG C | Heating rate per hour | Time h is required | Accumulated time h |
| 60～120 | 60 | 1 | 1 |
| 120 | 0 | 3 | 4 |
| 120～300 | 60 | 3 | 7 |
| 300～600 | 20 | 15 | 22 |
| 600～1000 | 25 | 16 | 38 |
| 1000 | 0 | 16 | 54 |
| 1000～900 | -200 | 0.5 | 54.5 |
| 900～800 | -100 | 1 | 55.5 |
| 800～700 | -50 | 2 | 57.5 |
| 700～550 | -50 | 3 | 60.5 |
| 550～200 | -25 | 14 | 74.5 |
| 200～60 | -14 | 10 | 84.5 |
| 60 | 0 | 10 | 94.5 |
Example 2
The atmospheric hole grinding wheel for grinding the linear guide rail is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of abrasive ceramic corundum F80, 16 parts of white corundum F80 and 20 parts of monocrystalline corundum F100; 14 parts of a binding agent; 7 parts of pore-forming material, wherein the pore-forming material is refined naphthalene, and the granularity is F80; dextrin powder 0.2 weight portions, water glass as wetting agent 2.8 weight portions, and water glass with modulus M= (SiO) 2 ％/SiO 2 )/(Na 2 O％/Na 2 O) =2.5, density of 1.45g/cm 3 。
The refractoriness of the binder of this example was 950 ℃ and the ignition loss was 3.6%. The mass percentages of the binders are shown in table 3 below:
table 3 mass percent composition of the binding agent of example 2
| SiO 2 | Al 2 O 3 | Fe 2 O 3 | K 2 O | Na 2 O | Li 2 CO 3 | CaCO 3 |
| 62.50 | 14.00 | 1.00 | 9.50 | 5.00 | 5.00 | 3.00 |
The preparation method of the atmospheric hole grinding wheel for grinding the linear guide rail of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) 15 parts of clay, 52 parts of feldspar, 28 parts of boron glass and 5 parts of lithium carbonate are used as raw materials of a binding agent, the raw materials of the binding agent are ball-milled for 6 hours, the ball-milled raw materials pass through a No. 200 screen, and the undersize is the binding agent, so that the binding agent is preserved in a sealing manner and cannot be humidified.
(2) Dry-mixing the abrasive materials by adopting a countercurrent mixer for 4min, adding a wetting agent for wet mixing for 5min, mixing and stirring the binding agent and the abrasive materials for 8min, adding a pore-forming material for stirring for 3min, passing through 20 # screens on both sides, re-weighing and choke-charging for 24h.
(3) The material is added for 5 times, and after the material is added for the last time, the material is fully stirred, scraped and rammed, the ramming is uniformly carried out from light weight to heavy weight, and the ramming is not needed for the last time. The isostatic pressing head is used for pressing to ensure the tissue uniformity of the grinding wheel, the molding pressure is 8MPa, and the pressure is maintained for 30s. And then naturally dried for one day, and then dried in a drying oven at 110 ℃ for one day. And (5) after the temperature of the oven is reduced to 40 ℃, taking out the oven from the drying oven to obtain a grinding wheel blank.
(4) Sintering by adopting a car kiln process, wherein the sintering temperature is 1000 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 16 hours. The specific firing schedule was the same as in example 1.
2. Comparative example
Comparative example 1
The large-pore grinding wheel for grinding the linear guide rail of the embodiment comprises the following components in parts by weightIs prepared from the following raw materials: 10 parts of abrasive ceramic corundum F80, 58 parts of white corundum F80 and 20 parts of monocrystalline corundum F100; 12 parts of a binding agent; 8 parts of pore-forming material, wherein the pore-forming material is refined naphthalene, and the granularity is F80; dextrin powder 0.2 weight portions, wetting agent water glass 2.4 weight portions, and water glass with modulus M= (SiO) 2 ％/SiO 2 )/(Na 2 O％/Na 2 O) =2.5, density of 1.45g/cm 3 。
The refractoriness of the binder of this example was 850℃and the ignition loss was 3.5%. The mass percentages of the binders are shown in table 4 below:
table 4 mass percent composition of the binder of comparative example 1
| SiO 2 | Al 2 O 3 | Fe 2 O 3 | K 2 O | Na 2 O | Li 2 CO 3 | CaCO 3 |
| 58.50 | 16.00 | 1.00 | 9.50 | 5.00 | 7.00 | 3.00 |
The preparation method of the atmospheric hole grinding wheel for grinding the linear guide rail of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) 16 parts of clay, 50 parts of feldspar, 27 parts of boron glass and 7 parts of lithium carbonate are used as raw materials of a binding agent, the raw materials of the binding agent are ball-milled for 6 hours, the ball-milled raw materials pass through a No. 200 screen, and the undersize is the binding agent, so that the binding agent is preserved in a sealing manner and cannot be humidified.
(2) Dry-mixing the abrasive materials by adopting a countercurrent mixer for 4min, adding a wetting agent for wet mixing for 5min, mixing and stirring the binding agent and the abrasive materials for 8min, adding a pore-forming material for stirring for 3min, passing through 20 # screens on both sides, re-weighing and choke-charging for 24h.
(3) The material is added for 5 times, and after the material is added for the last time, the material is fully stirred, scraped and rammed, the ramming is uniformly carried out from light weight to heavy weight, and the ramming is not needed for the last time. The isostatic pressing head is used for pressing to ensure the tissue uniformity of the grinding wheel, the molding pressure is 8MPa, and the pressure is maintained for 30s. And then naturally dried for one day, and then dried in a drying oven at 110 ℃ for one day. And (5) after the temperature of the oven is reduced to 40 ℃, taking out the oven from the drying oven to obtain a grinding wheel blank.
(4) Sintering by adopting a car kiln process, wherein the sintering temperature is 1000 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 16 hours. The specific firing schedule was the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 2
The atmospheric hole grinding wheel for grinding the linear guide rail is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of abrasive ceramic corundum F80, 16 parts of white corundum F80 and 20 parts of monocrystalline corundum F100; 14 parts of a binding agent; 7 parts of pore-forming material, wherein the pore-forming material is refined naphthalene, and the granularity is F80; dextrin powder 0.2 weight portions, water glass as wetting agent 2.8 weight portions, and water glass with modulus M= (SiO) 2 ％/SiO 2 )/(Na 2 O％/Na 2 O) =2.5, density of 1.45g/cm 3 。
The refractoriness of the binder of this example was 850℃and the ignition loss was 3.5%. The mass percentages of the binders are shown in table 5 below:
table 5 mass percent composition of the binder of comparative example 2
| SiO 2 | Al 2 O 3 | Fe 2 O 3 | K 2 O | Na 2 O | Li 2 CO 3 | CaCO 3 |
| 58.50 | 16.00 | 1.00 | 9.50 | 5.00 | 7.00 | 3.00 |
The preparation method of the atmospheric hole grinding wheel for grinding the linear guide rail of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) 16 parts of clay, 50 parts of feldspar, 27 parts of boron glass and 7 parts of lithium carbonate are used as raw materials of a binding agent, the raw materials of the binding agent are ball-milled for 6 hours, the ball-milled raw materials pass through a No. 200 screen, and the undersize is the binding agent, so that the binding agent is preserved in a sealing manner and cannot be humidified.
(2) Dry-mixing the abrasive materials by adopting a countercurrent mixer for 4min, adding a wetting agent for wet mixing for 5min, mixing and stirring the binding agent and the abrasive materials for 8min, adding a pore-forming material for stirring for 3min, passing through 20 # screens on both sides, re-weighing and choke-charging for 24h.
(3) The material is added for 5 times, and after the material is added for the last time, the material is fully stirred, scraped and rammed, the ramming is uniformly carried out from light weight to heavy weight, and the ramming is not needed for the last time. The isostatic pressing head is used for pressing to ensure the tissue uniformity of the grinding wheel, the molding pressure is 8MPa, and the pressure is maintained for 30s. And then naturally dried for one day, and then dried in a drying oven at 110 ℃ for one day. And (5) after the temperature of the oven is reduced to 40 ℃, taking out the oven from the drying oven to obtain a grinding wheel blank.
(4) Sintering by adopting a car kiln process, wherein the sintering temperature is 1000 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 16 hours. The specific firing schedule was the same as in example 1.
3. Experimental example
The hardness value of the grinding wheel manufactured in the example 1 is 2.7 and 2.8 under the 5 sand chamber of the sand blasting hardness machine (the 5 sand chamber is used for spraying quartz sand grains with the volume of 5 cubic centimeters onto the surface of the grinding wheel under the compressed air of 0.15MPa, and the measured grinding wheel is punched into small pits, so that the hardness of the grinding wheel is measured according to the depth of the small pits); through the grinding test of a 4m guide rail processed by a customer, the dimensional accuracy of a workpiece is 4-5 mu m, the surface roughness is less than or equal to 0.3 mu m, the service life is 100 pieces/piece, the conditions of burn, vibration marks and the like are avoided, and the production requirements of the customer can be met.
The hardness values of the grinding wheel manufactured in the embodiment 2 under a 5-sand chamber of a sand blasting hardness machine are 3.3 and 3.4; through the grinding test of a 4m guide rail processed by a customer, the size precision of a workpiece is 5 mu m, the surface roughness is less than or equal to 0.3 mu m, the service life is 306 pieces/piece, the conditions of burn, vibration and the like are avoided, and the requirements of the customer are met.
The hardness values of the grinding wheel manufactured in the comparative example 1 under the 5 sand chambers of the sand blasting hardness machine are 2.1 and 2.2; through the grinding test of a 4m guide rail processed by a customer, the problems of workpiece burn, vibration lines and insufficient cutting capability of the grinding wheel occur in use, the precision is not maintained, and the technical index of a guide rail product cannot be met.
The hardness values of the grinding wheel manufactured in the comparative example 2 under the 5 sand chambers of the sand blasting hardness machine are 2.7 and 2.8; through the grinding test of a 4m guide rail processed by a customer, the vibration pattern phenomenon of the grinding wheel in use is serious, so that the smoothness and the dimensional accuracy of a guide rail product are insufficient, and the technical index of the product cannot be met.
From this, it can be seen that the binding agents of comparative examples 1 and 2 have a mismatch phenomenon with the mixed abrasive, and cannot meet the processing requirements of customers; it can be seen from examples 1 and 2 that the grinding wheel manufactured by selecting a proper binding agent and a mixed grinding material for combination has the machining precision of less than or equal to 5 mu m, better shape retention, less than or equal to 0.4 mu m of surface roughness, and service life meeting the requirements of customers, and simultaneously reduces the trimming frequency without burn, vibration lines, scratches and the like. Wherein the grinding wheel of example 2 has a service life of 300 grinding wheels per grinding wheel.
Claims (10)
1. The atmospheric hole grinding wheel for grinding the linear guide rail is characterized by being mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of abrasive and binding agent and 7-10 parts of pore-forming material; the high-strength low-temperature ceramic bonding agent comprises, by mass, 12-18 parts of bonding agent, wherein the bonding agent is a high-strength low-temperature ceramic bonding agent, the refractoriness of the high-strength low-temperature ceramic bonding agent is 930-960 ℃, and the high-strength low-temperature ceramic bonding agent comprises the following components in percentage by mass: siO (SiO) 2 62～64％，Al 2 O 3 14～16％，Fe 2 O 3 1～2％，K 2 O9～10％，Na 2 O 5～6％，Li 2 CO 3 4～5％，CaCO 3 2-3%; the abrasive is prepared from ceramic corundum, white corundum and monocrystalline corundum according to the mass ratio of (10-50): (15-60): 20.
2. The atmospheric grinding wheel for grinding linear guide rails according to claim 1, wherein the grain size of the ceramic corundum is F80, the grain size of the white corundum is F80, and the grain size of the single crystal corundum is F100.
3. The atmospheric grinding wheel for grinding linear guide rails according to claim 1, wherein the pore-forming material is refined naphthalene with a particle size of F40-F80.
4. An atmospheric grinding wheel for grinding linear guides according to any one of claims 1 to 3 wherein the raw materials include a wetting agent and a binder, the wetting agent being water glass and the binder being dextrin.
5. The air hole grinding wheel for grinding linear guide rail according to claim 4, wherein the amount of the wetting agent is 1 to 5 parts per 100 parts of the abrasive and the binder, and the amount of the binder is 0.2 to 1.5 parts.
6. A method for producing the atmospheric grinding wheel for grinding a linear guide according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the steps of: mixing, shaping, drying and sintering at 1000 deg.C.
7. The method of manufacturing an atmospheric grinding wheel for grinding linear guide rails according to claim 6, wherein the mixing comprises dry mixing the abrasive materials, adding the wetting agent for wet mixing, adding the binding agent for mixing, adding the pore-forming material for mixing, and sealing for 12-24 hours.
8. The method for preparing the atmospheric grinding wheel for grinding the linear guide rail according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the atmospheric grinding wheel is prepared by mixing materials, then adding the materials for 3 to 5 times, stirring, strickling and ramming the materials after each time of adding the materials before the last time of adding the materials, stirring and strickling the materials after the last time of adding the materials, and pressing and forming the materials; the pressure of the compression molding is 5-10MPa, and the pressure is maintained for 30s.
9. The method of manufacturing an atmospheric grinding wheel for grinding a linear guide according to claim 6, wherein the drying is natural drying for one day and drying at 110 ℃ for one day.
10. The method for producing an atmospheric grinding wheel for grinding a linear guide rail according to claim 6 or 9, wherein the firing time is 16 hours; the sintering process includes heating to 110-120 deg.c for 3-4 hr, heating to 1000 deg.c at 20-60 deg.c/hr, maintaining at 1000 deg.c for 16 hr, cooling to 700-800 deg.c at 50-200 deg.c/hr, cooling to 150-200 deg.c at 25-50 deg.c/hr, cooling to 55-60 deg.c at 13-15 deg.c/hr and maintaining for 10-11 hr.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211090918.0A CN116141213A (en) | 2022-09-07 | 2022-09-07 | Atmospheric hole grinding wheel for grinding linear guide rail and preparation method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211090918.0A CN116141213A (en) | 2022-09-07 | 2022-09-07 | Atmospheric hole grinding wheel for grinding linear guide rail and preparation method thereof |
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| CN202211090918.0A Pending CN116141213A (en) | 2022-09-07 | 2022-09-07 | Atmospheric hole grinding wheel for grinding linear guide rail and preparation method thereof |
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| CN (1) | CN116141213A (en) |
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