CN116140348B - Method for removing microplastic in soil and application of method in soybean production area soil - Google Patents
Method for removing microplastic in soil and application of method in soybean production area soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN116140348B CN116140348B CN202211209511.5A CN202211209511A CN116140348B CN 116140348 B CN116140348 B CN 116140348B CN 202211209511 A CN202211209511 A CN 202211209511A CN 116140348 B CN116140348 B CN 116140348B
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 205
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 75
- 229920000426 Microplastic Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 156
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 146
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 144
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 124
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000005802 Mancozeb Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- MNHVNIJQQRJYDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(1-chlorocyclopropyl)-3-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-hydroxypropyl]-1,2-dihydro-1,2,4-triazole-3-thione Chemical compound N1=CNC(=S)N1CC(C1(Cl)CC1)(O)CC1=CC=CC=C1Cl MNHVNIJQQRJYDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000005825 Prothioconazole Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 105
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 104
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 10
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 238000003971 tillage Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000002362 mulch Substances 0.000 description 11
- NIQCNGHVCWTJSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl phthalate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OC NIQCNGHVCWTJSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl phthalate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCC DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- FLKPEMZONWLCSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethyl phthalate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC FLKPEMZONWLCSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 9
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- -1 Polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- FBSAITBEAPNWJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl phthalate Natural products CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1OC(C)=O FBSAITBEAPNWJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229960001826 dimethylphthalate Drugs 0.000 description 5
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004803 Di-2ethylhexylphthalate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 3
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- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 2
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- 229920000120 polyethyl acrylate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007306 turnover Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002137 ultrasound extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000589151 Azotobacter Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc dication Chemical compound [Zn+2] PTFCDOFLOPIGGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003899 bactericide agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006065 biodegradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001546 nitrifying effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L phthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001707 polybutylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004445 quantitative analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid Substances OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L terephthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=C(C([O-])=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910021642 ultra pure water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012498 ultrapure water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Conditioners And Soil-Stabilizing Materials (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of microplastic treatment, and discloses a method for removing microplastic in soil and application of the method in soybean production soil. The method for removing the microplastic in the soil comprises the steps of mixing prothioconazole, mancozeb and water to obtain degradation liquid, and carrying out degradation treatment on the microplastic in the soil by using the degradation liquid; further, na 2S2O8、FeSO4·7H2 O and water are mixed to obtain a repairing liquid, and the repairing liquid is used for repairing the soil. The method for removing the microplastic in the soil is simple to operate, can prevent secondary pollution while removing the microplastic, and is more environment-friendly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of microplastic treatment, in particular to a method for removing microplastic in soil and application of the method in soybean production soil.
Background
The microplastic (microplastics) is a novel environmental pollutant, and has the characteristics of small particle size, difficult degradation and wide distribution, and has attracted high importance to students at home and abroad. The current academy generally defines plastic particles with a particle size of less than 5mm as microplastic, which is a very wide source. In one aspect, the microplastic particles added to a product such as a scrub paste can be directly introduced into the ambient medium during use, thereby forming a primary microplastic: on the other hand, as the production of plastic articles increases, large pieces of plastic that are introduced into the environment gradually form smaller pieces of plastic, collectively referred to as secondary microplastic, during degradation and weathering and the like. The existing researches show that the microplastic is widely existing in various environmental media such as atmosphere, water body, soil and the like. Microplastic has been listed by the united nations environmental planning agency as one of the ten global environmental problems in 2014.
The investigation shows that the micro-plastic amount in the soil of agriculture and urban areas exceeds the water environment at present, and the micro-plastic environment reservoir is the main micro-plastic environment reservoir. One of the major sources of microplastic in agricultural production sites is the residue of plastic mulch films, such as Polyethylene (PE) films, polybutylene adipate and polybutylene terephthalate copolymer (PBAT) films, and the like. Microplastic in soil can be stored, degraded or enter groundwater through leaching, thereby threatening the organism and further affecting human health. Therefore, the recycling and degradation of the microplastic are of great significance.
For example, chinese patent CN106626142B discloses a method for extracting residual micro mulch particles in soil, firstly, pretreating a soil sample by flowing water phase leaching, further extracting micro mulch by specific gravity difference method and electrostatic adsorption method, and purifying the separated micro mulch by concentrated sulfuric acid carbonization method; however, the extraction method of the residual micro mulch particles in the soil of the Chinese patent CN106626142B can only extract and separate the micro plastics in the soil, but cannot achieve the effect of directly removing or degrading the micro plastics, and the micro plastics are degraded after extraction, so that the operation is complex and the cost is high.
As another example, chinese patent CN109206660B discloses a method for regulating degradation speed of biodegradable mulch, which uses the used biodegradable mulch in the field as an implementation object, and obtains degradability of different microorganisms to the biodegradable mulch by comparing and screening beneficial microorganisms such as azotobacter, nitrifying bacteria and saprophytic bacteria in the soil, and then prepares the corresponding microorganisms into a preparation according to characteristics and degradation time requirements of the mulch, and sprays the preparation on the mulch by a spraying manner to control degradation speed of the mulch; but the biological method can realize effective degradation and mineralization of the water body microplastic, but the time is longer, the requirements on the reaction conditions are more strict, and the treatment efficiency is lower.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a method for removing microplastic in soil, which comprises the following steps:
And (3) degradation treatment: mixing prothioconazole, mancozeb and water to obtain degradation liquid, spraying the degradation liquid into soil, ploughing the soil while spraying the degradation liquid, and repeatedly spraying for 2 times; performing degradation treatment for 3 weeks to finish primary degradation treatment;
sprinkling water into the soil in the degradation process;
Step (2) repeatedly carrying out degradation treatment on the soil for one time according to the degradation treatment mode in the step (1);
And (3) repairing: mixing Na 2S2O8、FeSO4·7H2 O and water to obtain a repair liquid, spraying the repair liquid into soil, turning over the soil while spraying the repair liquid, repeatedly spraying for multiple times, and repairing for 1 week to finish one-time repair treatment;
And (4) repeating the repair treatment on the soil once according to the repair treatment mode in the step (3).
Preferably, in the step (1), the mass ratio between prothioconazole and mancozeb is 1:1:3500, and the single spraying amount of the degradation liquid is 700-1000L/hm 2.
Preferably, in the step (1), the soil ploughing depth is 25cm, and the water content of the soil is kept to be more than or equal to 25% by sprinkling water.
Preferably, in the step (3), the mass ratio of Na 2S2O8、FeSO4·7H2 O to water is 4:0.68:900, and the single spraying amount of the repairing liquid is 1000-1200L/hm 2.
Preferably, in the step (3), the soil ploughing depth is 25cm, and the repairing liquid is repeatedly sprayed for 6-9 times.
Preferably, the microplastic in the soybean production soil is removed by the method.
The invention also provides a soil turning and spraying integrated tillage device which is used for spraying degradation liquid and simultaneously ploughing soil when the soil is degraded in the method for removing microplastic in the soil, and spraying repair liquid and simultaneously ploughing soil when the soil is repaired.
The soil turning and spraying integrated tillage device comprises a mounting end frame, the lower end of the mounting end frame is fixedly connected with a connecting water tank, two sides of the connecting water tank are fixedly connected with guard plates, two lower parts of the middle parts of the guard plates are respectively and rotatably connected with a second transmission rotating shaft, two connecting rotating shafts are fixedly connected between the second transmission rotating shafts, one side of the second transmission rotating shaft is fixedly connected with a side protection cover, two adjacent sides inside the connecting water tank are respectively and fixedly connected with a first water pump and a second water pump, the input ends of the first water pump and the second water pump are respectively and fixedly communicated with a connecting pipe, the output end of the first water pump is fixedly connected with a connecting water pipe, one end of the connecting rotating shaft is provided with a rotary inner hole, the inside of the rotary inner hole is rotatably clamped with a rotary connecting port, one end of the connecting water pipe passes through the side protection cover and is fixedly connected with the rotary connecting port, the inside of the connecting rotating shaft is of a hollow design, the outer surface of the connecting rotating shaft is fixedly connected with a connecting outer ring, the inside of the connecting outer ring is provided with a communicating ring groove, the communicating with the inside of the connecting rotating shaft is communicated with the inside of the connecting rotating shaft, one side of the connecting water knife is fixedly connected with the side of the hollow ring groove, the side of the connecting blade is fixedly connected with the hollow ring groove, one side of the hollow sealing ring is fixedly connected with the sealing plate, one side of the sealing plate is fixedly connected with the sealing ring, the inclined sealing plate is inclined towards one side far away from the inner cavity.
Preferably, one end inside the connection rotating shaft is fixedly connected with a filling inner pipe, the filling inner pipe is of a hollow design, and the inside of the inner cavity is fixedly connected with a supporting inner rod.
Preferably, a switching inner cavity is formed in one side of the inner portion of the connecting water tank, an atomizing nozzle is fixedly communicated with one side of the switching inner cavity, the output end of the second water pump is fixedly communicated with the switching inner cavity, and the atomizing nozzle faces the connecting rotating shaft.
Preferably, the lower ends of the two connecting pipes are fixedly connected with supporting claws, the lower ends of the supporting claws are connected with the bottom of the connecting water tank in a clamping manner, and the side walls and the upper ends of the connecting water tank are fixedly connected with reinforcing ribs.
Preferably, the lower extreme both sides of connecting the water tank are provided with a bottom plate and No. two bottom plates respectively, the equal slip joint in four bights of a bottom plate has a spacing slide bar, the equal slip joint in four bights of No. two bottom plates has No. two spacing slide bars, the upper end of No. two spacing slide bars all with the lower extreme fixed connection of connecting the water tank, the outer fringe department of No. one bottom plate upper end and the lower extreme of connecting the water tank between fixedly connected with sealing washer No. one, fixedly connected with No. two sealing washer between the outer fringe department of No. two bottom plate upper ends and the lower extreme of connecting the water tank, fixedly connected with elastic sheet between the lower extreme of No. two bottom plates and No. one bottom plate.
Preferably, one side fixedly connected with clearance mounting bracket of connecting water tank, the crushing chamber has been seted up to the inside of clearance mounting bracket, one side lower extreme fixedly connected with brush of clearance mounting bracket gets thorn board, the inside in crushing chamber rotates and is connected with crushing roller, the quantity of crushing roller is three, three the equal fixedly connected with connecting axle of one end of crushing roller, one side fixedly connected with driving cap of clearance mounting bracket, the connecting axle rotates with the driving cap to be connected, three the equal fixedly connected with internal gear of surface of connecting axle, three mesh between the internal gear, the internal gear is located the inside of driving cap, one of them one end fixedly connected with No. four gears of connecting axle No. two outside fixedly connected with No. two gears and No. three gears of transmission pivot, no. three gears and No. four gears between the transmission be connected with No. two drive chains.
Preferably, the lower extreme in crushing chamber is provided with the output area, the lower extreme in crushing chamber rotates and is connected with the drive end axle, the quantity of drive end axle is two, the output area is connected with two drive end axle transmissions, two the equal fixedly connected with drive gear in both ends of drive end axle, the transmission inner chamber has all been seted up to the both sides of clearance mounting bracket lower extreme, a drive gear is located the inside of transmission inner chamber, the inside rotation of transmission inner chamber is connected with the transmission inner shaft, the quantity of transmission inner shaft is two, two one side of transmission inner shaft is equal fixedly connected with No. two drive gears, two No. two drive gears respectively with No. one drive gear meshing connection, two the transmission is connected with the drive belt between the transmission inner shaft, the lower extreme of drive belt is located the outside of transmission inner chamber, the surface fixedly connected with friction sand grip of drive belt.
Preferably, the diameter of the second transmission gear is larger than that of the first transmission gear, and the diameter of the third transmission gear is larger than that of the fourth transmission gear.
Preferably, the one-way baffle is rotationally connected with one side upper end of the crushing cavity, one side of the one-way baffle is attached to one side of the crushing cavity, a sealing cover is fixedly communicated with one side of the upper end of the connecting water tank, a connecting water gap is fixedly clamped at one end of the sealing cover, a fixing bolt is arranged between the soil turning knife and the connecting outer ring, and the soil turning knife is fixedly connected with the connecting outer ring through the fixing bolt.
Preferably, the upper end middle part fixedly connected with drive mechanism of connecting the water tank, the upper end middle part of connecting the water tank is provided with the installation end frame, the lower extreme both sides of installation end frame and the upper end fixed connection of connecting the water tank, one side rotation of backplate is connected with a transmission pivot, the output and the transmission of drive mechanism are connected with a transmission pivot, a transmission chain is connected with in the outside fixedly connected with of transmission pivot, a transmission is connected with between gear and the No. two gears, the equal fixedly connected with side link in middle part both sides of connecting water tank one side upper end, two one side of side link all is provided with the fixed clamping frame, fixed connection between fixed clamping frame and the connecting the water tank, the inside sliding connection of fixed clamping frame has the regulation pole, lower extreme one side rotation of regulation pole is connected with the rotor, the outside of gear is provided with a side protection cover, side protection cover and one of them fixed connection.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
The micro-plastic degradation liquid in the soil can promote the degradation of the micro-plastic; in addition, mancozeb in the degradation liquid is a protective bactericide, and can supplement zinc ions for soil and provide nutrient elements for plant growth while degrading microplastic.
The degradation of the microplastic means that PEAs plasticizers such as DMP, DEP, DBP, DEHP and the like are released to cause secondary pollution to the soil, and the method repairs the soil after degrading the microplastic in the soil, so that the secondary pollution of the soil can be prevented, the original PEAs in the soil can be removed, and the method is more environment-friendly.
The invention has simple operation, short treatment period (the treatment effect can be improved by increasing the treatment period), and has universal applicability to the reaction conditions such as temperature, soil pH and other environmental factors.
According to the soil turning and spraying integrated tillage device, the connecting water tank and the connecting rotating shaft are arranged, when soil is turned, the degradation liquid or repair liquid in the connecting water tank can be pumped out through the first water pump and enters the connecting rotating shaft through the connecting water pipe, after the connecting rotating shaft is filled with the degradation liquid or repair liquid, the degradation liquid or repair liquid enters the inner cavity through the communicating annular groove and is sprayed out of the water outlet, so that the degradation liquid or repair liquid can be attached to soil to a greater extent in the soil breaking and stirring process of the soil turning knife, the degradation or repair effect is better, the degradation or repair liquid can only flow out through the arrangement of the inclined sealing plate, the outside soil and the like cannot enter the inner cavity, the phenomenon of blocking the inner cavity is prevented, the normal outflow of the degradation liquid or the repair liquid is ensured, and the inside of the connecting water tank can be injected with moisture, so that the soil is wetted, the soil is sprayed and turned into the tillage device, the tillage efficiency can be greatly increased, and the tillage device is convenient to use;
according to the soil turning and spraying integrated tillage device, through the arrangement of the inner filling pipe, the space in the connecting rotating shaft can be reduced, so that the amount of degradation liquid or repair liquid stored in the connecting rotating shaft is reduced, and when the degradation liquid or repair liquid is injected, the degradation liquid or repair liquid can be quickly filled between the inside of the connecting rotating shaft and the outer surface of the inner filling pipe, so that the degradation liquid or repair liquid quickly flows into the inner cavity, and the ejection of the degradation liquid or repair liquid is accelerated; in addition, through the setting of supporting the interior pole, can increase the intensity of connecting the pivot.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of a method of removing microplastic from soil in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the comparison of the weight loss rate test of the microplastic after degradation of the microplastic in the soil of soybean origin according to the examples of the present invention and the comparative examples;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the DMP degradation rate test after the soybean origin soil of the present invention is repaired;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the comparative tests of DEP degradation rate after the soybean origin soil of the examples and comparative examples of the present invention is repaired;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the DBP degradation rate test after the soybean production site soil of the present invention is repaired;
FIG. 6 is a comparative graph of DEHP degradation rate test after remediation of soybean origin soil of examples and comparative examples of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the rear side structure of the soil-turning and sprinkling integrated tilling apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a transmission structure of a second transmission shaft and a crushing roller in the soil turning and spraying integrated tillage device;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the bottom structure of the soil-turning and sprinkling integrated tilling apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the bottom structure of a connecting water tank in the soil-turning and sprinkling integrated tilling apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view showing the internal structure of a connecting water tank in the soil-turning and sprinkling integrated tilling device of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a connection structure of a water tank and a first bottom plate in the soil turning and spraying integrated tillage device of the invention;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a step section structure of a cleaning mounting frame in the soil turning and spraying integrated tillage device and a schematic view of an enlarged structure at a driving belt;
Fig. 14 is a schematic view of the inside of a connection structure for connecting a rotating shaft and a soil turning blade and a schematic view of the inside of an enlarged structure of the soil turning blade in the soil turning and sprinkling integrated tillage device according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. installing an end frame; 2. a transmission mechanism; 3. a side protective cover; 4. connecting a water tank; 5. an adjusting rod; 6. a rotating wheel; 7. a side connecting frame; 8. a fixing clamping frame; 9. cleaning the mounting frame; 10. the connecting rotating shaft; 11. a soil turning knife; 12. a side shield; 13. connecting a water pipe; 14. a crushing roller; 15. sealing cover; 16. connecting a water gap; 17. a first bottom plate; 18. a second bottom plate; 19. a first limit slide bar; 20. a first sealing sheet; 21. a second sealing sheet; 22. an atomizing nozzle; 23. a second limit slide bar; 24. a transfer cavity; 25. reinforcing ribs; 26. a first water pump; 27. a connecting pipe; 28. a supporting claw; 29. an elastic sheet; 30. a first transmission rotating shaft; 31. a first gear; 32. a first transmission chain; 33. a second transmission rotating shaft; 34. a second gear; 35. a third gear; 36. a second transmission chain; 37. a fourth gear; 38. a transmission cover; 39. brushing the thorn plate; 40. a crushing cavity; 41. a one-way baffle; 42. an internal gear; 43. a connecting shaft; 44. a second water pump; 45. a transmission cavity; 46. a transmission end shaft; 47. a first transmission gear; 48. a second transmission gear; 49. a drive inner shaft; 50. a transmission belt; 51. friction raised strips; 52. connecting an outer ring; 53. a fixing bolt; 54. rotating the connection port; 55. rotating the inner hole; 56. filling the inner tube; 57. a communicating ring groove; 58. clamping the sealing port; 59. an inner cavity; 60. supporting the inner rod; 61. a water outlet hole; 62. tilting the sealing plate; 63. extruding the spring plate; 64. and outputting the belt.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without making any inventive effort based on the embodiments of the present invention are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Taking soybean production area soil as an example, a method for removing microplastic in the soil is disclosed.
Example 1
The embodiment discloses a method for removing microplastic in soil, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Degradation treatment: mixing prothioconazole, mancozeb and water according to the mass ratio of 1:1:3500 to obtain degradation liquid, spraying the degradation liquid into the soil of a soybean production place according to the spraying amount of 700L/hm 2 (namely, spraying 700L of degradation liquid into each hectare of soil), and simultaneously ploughing the soil of the soybean production place, wherein the ploughing depth of the soil of the soybean production place is 25cm, and repeatedly spraying for 2 times, wherein the spraying amount of the degradation liquid is 700L/hm 2 each time; and sprinkling water to the field for 2 times every week to keep the water content of the soybean production area soil at 25%, and performing degradation treatment for 3 weeks to finish one-time degradation treatment.
(2) And (3) repeating the degradation treatment on the soybean production area soil once according to the degradation treatment mode in the step (1).
(3) And (3) repairing: mixing Na 2S2O8、FeSO4·7H2 O and water according to the mass ratio of 4:0.68:900 to obtain a repairing liquid, spraying the repairing liquid into soybean production soil according to the spraying amount of 1000L/hm 2, ploughing the soybean production soil while spraying the repairing liquid, wherein the ploughing depth of the soybean production soil is 25cm, repeatedly spraying for 7 times, wherein the spraying amount of the repairing liquid is 1000L/hm 2 each time, and repairing for 1 week to finish one-time repairing treatment.
(4) And (3) repeating the repair treatment on the soybean production area soil once according to the repair treatment mode in the step (3).
Example 2
The embodiment discloses a method for removing microplastic in soil, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Degradation treatment: mixing prothioconazole, mancozeb and water according to the mass ratio of 1:1:3500 to obtain degradation liquid, spraying the degradation liquid into the soil of a soybean production place according to the spraying amount of 1000L/hm 2, ploughing the soil of the soybean production place while spraying the degradation liquid, wherein the ploughing depth of the soil of the soybean production place is 25cm, and repeatedly spraying for 2 times, wherein the spraying amount of the degradation liquid is 1000L/hm 2 each time; and sprinkling water to the field for 2 times every week to keep the water content of the soybean production area soil at 25%, and performing degradation treatment for 3 weeks to finish one-time degradation treatment.
(2) And (3) repeating the degradation treatment on the soybean production area soil once according to the degradation treatment mode in the step (1).
(3) And (3) repairing: mixing Na 2S2O8、FeSO4·7H2 O and water according to the mass ratio of 4:0.68:900 to obtain a repairing liquid, spraying the repairing liquid into soybean production soil according to the spraying amount of 1200L/hm 2, and ploughing the soybean production soil while spraying the repairing liquid, wherein the ploughing depth of the soybean production soil is 25cm, and repeatedly spraying for 7 times, wherein the spraying amount of the repairing liquid is 1200L/hm 2 each time, and repairing for 1 week to finish one-time repairing treatment.
(4) And (3) repeating the repair treatment on the soybean production area soil once according to the repair treatment mode in the step (3).
Example 3
The embodiment discloses a method for removing microplastic in soil, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Degradation treatment: mixing prothioconazole, mancozeb and water according to the mass ratio of 1:1:3500 to obtain degradation liquid, spraying the degradation liquid into the soil of a soybean production area according to the spraying amount of 800L/hm 2, and ploughing the soil of the soybean production area while spraying, wherein the ploughing depth of the soil of the soybean production area is 25cm, and repeatedly spraying for 2 times, wherein the spraying amount of the degradation liquid is 800L/hm 2 each time; and sprinkling water to the field for 2 times every week to keep the water content of the soybean production area soil at 25%, and performing degradation treatment for 3 weeks to finish one-time degradation treatment.
(2) And (3) repeating the degradation treatment on the soybean production area soil once according to the degradation treatment mode in the step (1).
(3) And (3) repairing: mixing Na 2S2O8、FeSO4·7H2 O and water according to the mass ratio of 4:0.68:900 to obtain a repairing liquid, spraying the repairing liquid into soybean production soil according to the spraying amount of 1100L/hm 2, ploughing the soybean production soil while spraying the repairing liquid, wherein the ploughing depth of the soybean production soil is 25cm, repeatedly spraying for 7 times, wherein the spraying amount of the repairing liquid is 1100L/hm 2 each time, and repairing for 1 week to finish one-time repairing treatment.
(4) And (3) repeating the repair treatment on the soybean production area soil once according to the repair treatment mode in the step (3).
Example 4
The embodiment discloses a method for removing microplastic in soil, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Degradation treatment: mixing prothioconazole, mancozeb and water according to the mass ratio of 1:1:3500 to obtain degradation liquid, spraying the degradation liquid into the soil of a soybean production area according to the spraying amount of 900L/hm 2, and ploughing the soil of the soybean production area while spraying, wherein the ploughing depth of the soil of the soybean production area is 25cm, and repeatedly spraying for 2 times, wherein the spraying amount of the degradation liquid is 900L/hm 2 each time; and sprinkling water to the field for 2 times every week to keep the water content of the soybean production area soil at 25%, and performing degradation treatment for 3 weeks to finish one-time degradation treatment.
(2) And (3) repeating the degradation treatment on the soybean production area soil once according to the degradation treatment mode in the step (1).
(3) And (3) repairing: mixing Na 2S2O8、FeSO4·7H2 O and water according to the mass ratio of 4:0.68:900 to obtain a repairing liquid, spraying the repairing liquid into soybean production soil according to the spraying amount of 1150L/hm 2, and ploughing the soybean production soil while spraying the repairing liquid, wherein the ploughing depth of the soybean production soil is 25cm, and repeatedly spraying for 7 times, wherein the spraying amount of the repairing liquid is 1150L/hm 2 each time, and repairing for 1 week to finish one-time repairing treatment.
(4) And (3) repeating the repair treatment on the soybean production area soil once according to the repair treatment mode in the step (3).
Comparative example 1
This comparative example discloses a method for removing microplastic in soil, comprising the steps of:
(1) Degradation treatment: mixing prothioconazole, mancozeb and water according to the mass ratio of 1:1:3500 to obtain degradation liquid, spraying the degradation liquid into the soil of a soybean production area according to the spraying amount of 900L/hm 2, and ploughing the soil of the soybean production area while spraying, wherein the ploughing depth of the soil of the soybean production area is 25cm, and repeatedly spraying for 2 times, wherein the spraying amount of the degradation liquid is 900L/hm 2 each time; and sprinkling water to the field for 2 times every week to keep the water content of the soybean production area soil at 25%, and performing degradation treatment for 3 weeks to finish one-time degradation treatment.
(2) And (3) repeating the degradation treatment on the soybean production area soil once according to the degradation treatment mode in the step (1).
(3) And (3) repairing: mixing Na 2S2O8、FeSO4·7H2 O and water according to the mass ratio of 4:0.68:900 to obtain a repairing liquid, spraying the repairing liquid into soybean production soil according to the spraying amount of 1150L/hm 2, and ploughing the soybean production soil while spraying the repairing liquid, wherein the ploughing depth of the soybean production soil is 25cm, and repeatedly spraying for 7 times, wherein the spraying amount of the repairing liquid is 1150L/hm 2 each time, and repairing for 1 week to finish one-time repairing treatment.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example discloses a method for removing microplastic in soil, comprising the steps of:
(1) Degradation treatment: mixing prothioconazole, mancozeb and water according to the mass ratio of 1:1:3500 to obtain degradation liquid, spraying the degradation liquid into the soil of a soybean production area according to the spraying amount of 900L/hm 2, and ploughing the soil of the soybean production area while spraying, wherein the ploughing depth of the soil of the soybean production area is 25cm, and repeatedly spraying for 2 times, wherein the spraying amount of the degradation liquid is 900L/hm 2 each time; and sprinkling water to the field for 2 times every week to keep the water content of the soybean production area soil at 25%, and performing degradation treatment for 3 weeks to finish one-time degradation treatment.
(2) And (3) repairing: mixing Na 2S2O8、FeSO4·7H2 O and water according to the mass ratio of 4:0.68:900 to obtain a repairing liquid, spraying the repairing liquid into soybean production soil according to the spraying amount of 1150L/hm 2, and ploughing the soybean production soil while spraying the repairing liquid, wherein the ploughing depth of the soybean production soil is 25cm, and repeatedly spraying for 7 times, wherein the spraying amount of the repairing liquid is 1150L/hm 2 each time, and repairing for 1 week to finish one-time repairing treatment.
(3) And (3) repeating the repair treatment on the soybean production area soil once according to the repair treatment mode in the step (3).
Comparative example 3
This comparative example discloses a method for removing microplastic in soil, comprising the steps of:
(1) Degradation treatment: mixing prothioconazole, mancozeb and water according to the mass ratio of 1:1:3500 to obtain degradation liquid, spraying the degradation liquid into the soil of a soybean production area according to the spraying amount of 900L/hm 2, and ploughing the soil of the soybean production area while spraying, wherein the ploughing depth of the soil of the soybean production area is 25cm, and repeatedly spraying for 2 times, wherein the spraying amount of the degradation liquid is 900L/hm 2 each time; and sprinkling water to the field for 2 times every week to keep the water content of the soybean production area soil at 25%, and performing degradation treatment for 3 weeks to finish one-time degradation treatment.
(2) And (3) repairing: mixing Na 2S2O8、FeSO4·7H2 O and water according to the mass ratio of 4:0.68:900 to obtain a repairing liquid, spraying the repairing liquid into soybean production soil according to the spraying amount of 1150L/hm 2, and ploughing the soybean production soil while spraying the repairing liquid, wherein the ploughing depth of the soybean production soil is 25cm, and repeatedly spraying for 7 times, wherein the spraying amount of the repairing liquid is 1150L/hm 2 each time, and repairing for 1 week to finish one-time repairing treatment.
The microplastic in the soil of the soybean production area in all the above examples and comparative examples is mainly plastic film source polyethylene and polybutylene adipate/terephthalate microplastic, and the size of the microplastic is not more than 2mm; prothioconazole with a content of 97% from Hubei zhengyuan fine chemical Co., ltd; mancozeb content is 98%, and comes from Hubei emperor chemical industry Co., ltd; na 2S2O8, 99% from Guangzhou, yisheng trade Co., ltd; feSO 4·7H2 O with a content of 99% is obtained from Jinan Huijun chemical Co., ltd.
Test one
Loss ratio of microplastic: a simple and rapid method of measuring polymer biodegradation is by measuring weight loss. The change in average weight of microplastic in the soybean origin soil in the above examples and comparative examples before and after degradation was measured, and the degree of dry weight loss was calculated by using the following equation:
W 1: initial drying before degradation; w 2: dry weight after degradation.
The method for extracting and weighing the microplastic before and after degradation of the microplastic in the soil of the soybean production area comprises the following steps:
15 parts of the soil of the soybean production place in the above comparative example and example, 500g each, were dried in an oven at 30℃for 96 hours, and the soil and the microplastic were sieved with a stainless steel sieve of 0.3mm to obtain a microplastic. The collected microplastic was shaken 3 times in ultrapure water and absolute ethanol to remove the surface-adhered soil, dried at room temperature, weighed, and averaged to obtain the weight of the microplastic. The test results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
As shown by the test results in Table 1, the degradation liquid in the invention has a certain degradation effect on the microplastic in the soybean production area, and the degradation effect is improved along with the increase of the times of degradation treatment and the usage amount of the degradation liquid.
Test II
PAEs (phthalate) degradation Rate test: the PAEs content of the soybean origin soil before and after repair was measured in all examples and comparative examples: the degradation rates of DMP (dimethyl phthalate), DEP (diethyl phthalate), DBP (dibutyl phthalate) and DEHP (di (2-ethyl) hexyl phthalate) are mainly measured, and the degradation rates of the repair liquid on the four PAEs are obtained. The degradation rate calculation method comprises the following steps:
Degradation rate = (1-A 1/A0) x 100%
Wherein A 1 is the residual concentration of PAEs after treatment with the repairing liquid, and A 0 is the concentration of PAEs before treatment with the repairing liquid.
The specific measurement method is as follows:
5g of soybean origin soil sample is weighed into a 50mL centrifuge tube, 10mL of dichloromethane is added for ultrasonic extraction for 10min, and after centrifugation at 5000rpm for 5min, supernatant is collected. To the soil pellet was added another 10mL of dichloromethane and the total of 3 times of ultrasonic extraction was performed by the same method, the supernatants were combined, and the supernatant was transferred to a round bottom flask through a funnel containing dry cotton wool and anhydrous Na 2SO4. Concentrating the supernatant after rotary evaporation, and fixing the volume to 2mL for detection by GC-MS.
Chromatographic conditions: a QP2010Plus type GC/MS tandem mass spectrometer from Shimadzu corporation was used. The chromatographic column is Agilent HP-5 column (0.25 μm×0.25mm×30 m), the sample injection temperature is 250deg.C, the ion source (EI) temperature is 220deg.C, 1 μl of non-split sample injection is adopted, and the carrier gas is high purity helium. The temperature-raising program is as follows: the initial temperature was 100deg.C, held for 2min, ramped up to 129 deg.C at 15 deg.C/min, then ramped up to 280 deg.C at 40 deg.C/min, and held for 5min.
And (3) quality control: and (5) preparing a standard curve by adopting an external standard method and four-point correction standard substances. The average recovery rate of the matrix of the mixed label of 4 PAEs is 93.24-107.94%, and the relative deviation is lower than 7.94%. The method meets the quantitative analysis requirement of trace organic matters. The test results are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2
As shown by the test results in Table 2, the repairing liquid has very obvious effect on degrading PAEs in soybean production area soil, and especially the degradation rate of DMP, DEP, DBP can reach more than 90%.
Example 5
The embodiment provides an integrated tilling device is sprayed to soil turning, this integrated tilling device is sprayed to soil turning can be in embodiment 1-4 when carrying out degradation treatment to soybean production place soil, and when carrying out restoration treatment to soybean production place soil, the soil is ploughed to the while spraying degradation liquid, reaches better degradation, restoration effect.
Taking the soil ploughing as an example when the soybean producing area soil is degraded, the working principle of the soil ploughing and spraying integrated tillage device is introduced.
Referring to fig. 7-14, an integrated soil-turning and spraying tilling device comprises a mounting end frame 1, a connecting water tank 4 fixedly connected to the lower end of the mounting end frame 1, guard plates fixedly connected to both sides of the connecting water tank 4, a second transmission shaft 33 rotatably connected to the lower middle parts of both guard plates, a connecting shaft 10 fixedly connected between the two second transmission shafts 33, a side protection cover 12 fixedly connected to one side of one second transmission shaft 33, a first water pump 26 and a second water pump 44 fixedly connected to adjacent both sides inside the connecting water tank 4, a connecting pipe 27 fixedly connected to the input ends of the first water pump 26 and the second water pump 44, a connecting water pipe 13 fixedly connected to the output ends of the first water pump 26, a rotary inner hole 55 provided at one end of the connecting shaft 10, a rotary connecting port 54 rotatably clamped to the inside of the rotary inner hole 55, one end of the connecting water pipe 13 passing through the side protection cover 12 and the rotary connecting port 54, a hollow design of the inside the connecting shaft 10, a connecting outer ring 52 fixedly connected to the outer surface of the connecting shaft 10, a connecting ring groove 52 internally provided with a communicating 57, a side of the connecting ring groove 57 communicated with the inside of the connecting shaft 10, a water-side of the connecting blade 58 connected with the inner ring groove 58, a sealing plate 58 connected to the side of the inner ring groove 61, a sealing plate 61 connected to the inner side of the hollow blade 11, a sealing plate 61 connected to the hollow groove 61, a sealing plate 61 connected to the side of the hollow blade 11, a sealing plate 61 connected to the inner side of the hollow blade 61, and a sealing plate 61 connected to the inner side of the hollow blade 11 connected to the hollow blade 11, and a sealing plate 61 connected to one side of the inner sealing plate 61, inclined seal plate 62 is of an inclined design toward the side remote from interior cavity 59.
The working principle of the embodiment is as follows: through the setting of connecting water tank 4 and connecting pivot 10, when carrying out the soil turning, take out the degradation liquid in the connecting water tank 4 through water pump 26, get into the inside of connecting pivot 10 through connecting water pipe 13, after being full of degradation liquid in connecting pivot 10, degradation liquid gets into interior cavity 59 through intercommunication annular 57, then spout from apopore 61, thereby can smash the in-process of turning with soil at the soil turnover sword 11, make the degradation liquid can be great degree adhere to on soil, make degradation effect better, through the setting of slope closing plate 62, can make degradation liquid only can flow, outside soil etc. can not get into the inside of interior cavity 59, prevent to appear the phenomenon of shutoff of interior cavity 59, guarantee the normal outflow of degradation liquid, also can pour into moisture in the connecting water tank 4, moist soil, thereby with degradation and soil turning integration, can increase the efficiency of arable land by a wide margin, and convenient use.
Meanwhile, according to the illustration in fig. 14, the inner filling pipe 56 is fixedly connected to one end of the inside of the connection rotating shaft 10, the inner filling pipe 56 is of a hollow design, the inner supporting inner rod 60 is fixedly connected to the inside of the inner cavity 59, through the arrangement of the inner filling pipe 56, the space in the connection rotating shaft 10 can be reduced, and accordingly the amount of degradation liquid stored in the connection rotating shaft 10 is reduced.
Meanwhile, as shown in fig. 9-11, a transfer inner cavity 24 is formed in one side of the interior of the connection water tank 4, an atomization nozzle 22 is fixedly communicated with one side of the transfer inner cavity 24, the output end of a second water pump 44 is fixedly communicated with the transfer inner cavity 24, the atomization nozzle 22 faces the connection rotating shaft 10, and through the arrangement of the atomization nozzle 22, degradation liquid in the connection water tank 4 can be injected into the transfer inner cavity 24 by matching with the second water pump 44 when soil is turned over, and then sprayed out by the atomization nozzle 22, so that the degradation liquid is sprayed into turned soil, the degradation effect is further improved, and the degradation liquid and the soil are mixed more uniformly.
Meanwhile, according to the illustration in fig. 11, the lower ends of the two connecting pipes 27 are fixedly connected with supporting claws 28, the lower ends of the supporting claws 28 are connected with the bottom of the connecting water tank 4 in a clamping manner, the side wall of the connecting water tank 4 is fixedly connected with reinforcing ribs 25, the supporting strength of the connecting water tank 4 is increased through the arrangement of the reinforcing ribs 25, the ends of the connecting pipes 27 are limited through the arrangement of the supporting claws 28, and the connecting pipes 27 are prevented from moving so as to suck degradation liquid.
Meanwhile, as shown in fig. 10-12, the first bottom plate 17 and the second bottom plate 18 are respectively arranged on two sides of the lower end of the connecting water tank 4, the first limiting slide rod 19 is fixedly clamped at four corners of the first bottom plate 17, the second limiting slide rod 23 is fixedly clamped at four corners of the second bottom plate 18, the upper end of the second limiting slide rod 23 is fixedly connected with the lower end of the connecting water tank 4, the first sealing plate 20 is fixedly connected between the outer edge of the upper end of the first bottom plate 17 and the lower end of the connecting water tank 4, the second sealing plate 21 is fixedly connected between the outer edge of the upper end of the second bottom plate 18 and the lower end of the connecting water tank 4, the elastic plate 29 is fixedly connected between the upper ends of the first bottom plate 18 and the first bottom plate 17 and the lower end of the connecting water tank 4, and the second bottom plate 18 can be thrown to soil on the first bottom plate 17 and the second bottom plate 18 through the arrangement of the first bottom plate 17 and the second bottom plate 18 when the soil turnover cutter 11 turns over, then the first bottom plate 17 and the second bottom plate 18 can be compressed through impact, the first bottom plate 17 and the second bottom plate 18 can be prevented from being impacted by the first bottom plate 17 and the second bottom plate 18 through the elastic plate 17 and the second bottom plate 18, and the first bottom plate 17 and the second bottom plate 18 are respectively, and the first bottom plate 17 and the second bottom plate 18 are prevented from being greatly impacted by the first bottom plate 17 and the second bottom plate 18 and the soil 18.
Meanwhile, according to the illustration of fig. 8, fig. 9 and fig. 13, one side fixedly connected with of the connecting water tank 4 clears up the mounting bracket 9, the crushing cavity 40 has been seted up to the inside of the cleaning mounting bracket 9, one side lower extreme fixedly connected with of cleaning mounting bracket 9 brushes and gets thorn board 39, the inside rotation of crushing cavity 40 is connected with crushing roller 14, the quantity of crushing roller 14 is three, the one end of three crushing roller 14 is all fixedly connected with connecting axle 43, one side fixedly connected with driving cover 38 of cleaning mounting bracket 9, connecting axle 43 and driving cover 38 rotate and are connected, the equal fixedly connected with internal gear 42 of surface of three connecting axle 43, mesh between the three internal gear 42 is located driving cover 38, the outside fixedly connected with No. two gears 34 and No. three gears 35 of No. 43 of one end fixedly connected with No. 37 second driving shaft 33, the transmission is connected with No. two driving chains 36 between No. 35 and No. four gears 37, through the setting of brushing and getting thorn board 39 and crushing roller 14, can be when turning over soil, plant rhizome in the soil can be turned over through brushing and getting thorn board 39 and taking out plant rhizome in the soil, the plant rhizome through the crushing roller 14, the soybean quality can be better crushed, soybean quality can be improved.
Meanwhile, as shown in fig. 13, the output belt 64 is arranged at the lower end of the crushing cavity 40, the lower end of the crushing cavity 40 is rotationally connected with the transmission end shafts 46, the number of the transmission end shafts 46 is two, the output belt 64 is in transmission connection with the two transmission end shafts 46, the two ends of the transmission end shafts 46 are fixedly connected with the first transmission gear 47, the transmission inner cavity 45 is formed in two sides of the lower end of the cleaning installation frame 9, the first transmission gear 47 is positioned in the transmission inner cavity 45, the transmission inner shaft 49 is rotationally connected with the inside of the transmission inner cavity 45, the number of the transmission inner shafts 49 is two, one side of the two transmission inner shafts 49 is fixedly connected with the second transmission gear 48, the two second transmission gears 48 are respectively in meshed connection with the first transmission gear 47, a transmission belt 50 is in transmission connection between the two transmission inner shafts 49, the lower end of the transmission belt 50 is positioned at the outer side of the transmission inner cavity 45, the outer surface of the transmission belt 50 is fixedly connected with the friction convex strips 51, when the soil is removed through the arrangement of the transmission belt 50, the transmission inner shafts 49 can be driven to rotate through friction between soil, and the soil can drive the transmission inner shafts 49 to rotate, thereby drive the second transmission gear 48 can rotate, the second transmission roller 48 can drive the second transmission roller 48 to rotate, the second transmission roller 46 and the first transmission roller 46, and the second transmission roller 14 can rotate, and the second crushing roller 14, and the crushing roller 14 can rotate.
Meanwhile, according to the figures 8 and 13, the diameter of the second transmission gear 48 is larger than that of the first transmission gear 47, the rotation speed of the transmission end shaft 46 can be higher in this way, the rotation of the output belt 64 is accelerated, the discharging speed of plant rhizomes is accelerated, the diameter of the third gear 35 is larger than that of the fourth gear 37, the rotation speed of the fourth gear 37 can be larger than that of the third gear 35 through the design, the rotation speed of the crushing roller 14 is higher, and the crushing effect on plant rhizomes is improved.
Meanwhile, according to the figures 8, 9 and 13, the upper end of one side of the crushing cavity 40 is rotationally connected with the one-way baffle 41, one side of the one-way baffle 41 is attached to one side of the crushing cavity 40, one side of the upper end of the connecting water tank 4 is fixedly communicated with the sealing cover 15, one end of the sealing cover 15 is fixedly connected with the connecting water gap 16, a fixing bolt 53 is arranged between the soil turning cutter 11 and the connecting outer ring 52, the soil turning cutter 11 is fixedly connected with the connecting outer ring 52 through the fixing bolt 53, the plant rhizomes entering the crushing cavity are limited through the arrangement of the one-way baffle 41, when the number of the plant rhizomes is large, the plant rhizomes can be accumulated inside the crushing cavity 40, and the crushing efficiency is further improved through the crushing roller 14 above the middle part.
Meanwhile, according to the figures 7-9, the middle part of the upper end of the connecting water tank 4 is fixedly connected with a transmission mechanism 2, the middle part of the upper end of the connecting water tank 4 is provided with a mounting end frame 1, two sides of the lower end of the mounting end frame 1 are fixedly connected with the upper end of the connecting water tank 4, one side of a guard plate is rotationally connected with a first transmission rotating shaft 30, the output end of the transmission mechanism 2 is in transmission connection with the first transmission rotating shaft 30, the outer side of the first transmission rotating shaft 30 is fixedly connected with a first gear 31, a first transmission chain 32 is in transmission connection between the first gear 31 and a second gear 34, two sides of the middle part of the upper end of one side of the connecting water tank 4 are fixedly connected with side connecting frames 7, one side of the two side connecting frames 7 is provided with a fixed clamping frame 8, fixed clamping frame 8 and connect fixedly connected between the water tank 4, fixed clamping frame 8's inside sliding connection has adjusts pole 5, adjust pole 5's lower extreme one side rotation and be connected with rotor 6, gear 31's outside is provided with side shield cover 3, side shield cover 3 and one of them backplate fixed connection, installation end frame 1 and side link 7 all are used for being connected with agricultural tractor, drive mechanism 2 is used for being connected with the output of tractor, thereby carry out the transmission, side shield cover 3 is used for protecting transmission pivot 30, gear 31, no. two transmission pivot 33 and No. three gear 35, no. two drive chains 36.
Working principle: when in use, the connecting water gap 16 is opened, degradation liquid is poured in through the sealing cover 15, then the sealing cover 15 is sealed by the connecting water gap 16, then the mounting end frame 1 and the side connecting frame 7 are connected and mounted with the agricultural tractor, the transmission mechanism 2 is connected with the output end of the tractor, the extension length of the adjusting rod 5 is controlled, the adjusting rod 5 is fixed by using a bolt, then the tractor is started, the transmission mechanism 2 drives the first transmission rotating shaft 30 to rotate, the first transmission rotating shaft 30 drives the first gear 31 to rotate, the first gear 31 drives the second gear 34 to rotate by the first transmission chain 32, the second transmission rotating shaft 33 and the third gear 35 drive the connecting rotating shaft 10 to rotate by the second transmission rotating shaft 33, the third gear 35 drives the fourth gear 37 to rotate by the second transmission chain 36, the fourth gear 37 drives the connecting shaft 43 to rotate, the three connecting shafts 43 rotate through the meshing of the internal gear 42, then the tractor is driven into a soybean planting area, the soil turning position of the soil turning cutter 11 is controlled, the transmission belt 50 is enabled to be in contact with soil, then the first water pump 26 and the second water pump 44 are started, the tractor moves, the soil turning cutter 11 is driven to rotate through the connecting rotating shaft 10, the soil is turned, the second water pump 44 pumps out degradation liquid, the degradation liquid is injected into the switching inner cavity 24, the degradation liquid is sprayed out by the atomizing nozzle 22 and mixed with the soil, the first water pump 26 pumps out the degradation liquid, the degradation liquid is injected into the connecting rotating shaft 10 through the connecting water pipe 13, the connection of the rotating connecting ports 54 enables the connecting water pipe 13 not to rotate, the degradation liquid in the connecting rotating shaft 10 enters the inner cavity 59 from the connecting annular groove 57, the inclined sealing plate 62 is pressed open through the pressure rise, the degradation liquid is mixed with the soil, the soil part thrown out by the soil turning knife 11 is impacted onto the first bottom plate 17 and the second bottom plate 18, the elastic sheet 29 is impacted and compressed through impact force, then the first bottom plate 17 and the second bottom plate 18 are reset through the elastic force of the elastic sheet 29, the soil can fall off through inertia and impact force, when moving, gaps between the thorn plates 39 can be brushed, the plant rhizomes are shoveled into the crushing cavity 40, the plant rhizomes are crushed through rotation of the crushing roller 14, friction between the driving belt 50 and the soil can enable the driving belt 50 to drive the driving inner shaft 49 to rotate, so that the second driving gear 48 can drive the first driving gear 47 to rotate, the driving end shaft 46 drives the output belt 64 to rotate, the output belt 64 brings the crushed plant rhizomes out, when the number of the plant rhizomes is large, the plant rhizomes are extruded through the plant rhizomes, the plant rhizomes can be enabled to fill the inside of the crushing cavity 40 and are limited by the one-way baffle 41, the plant rhizomes limited by the one-way baffle 41 can be extruded by the middle part of the plant rhizomes and the crushing roller 14 is in contact with the crushing middle part and the crushing roller 14.
In this embodiment, the transmission mechanism 2, the first water pump 26 and the second water pump 44 are all of the prior art, and will not be described herein.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A method for removing microplastic from soil, comprising the steps of:
And (3) degradation treatment: mixing prothioconazole, mancozeb and water to obtain degradation liquid, spraying the degradation liquid into soil, ploughing the soil while spraying the degradation liquid, and repeatedly spraying for 2 times; performing degradation treatment for 3 weeks to finish primary degradation treatment;
sprinkling water into the soil in the degradation process;
Step (2) repeatedly carrying out degradation treatment on the soil for one time according to the degradation treatment mode in the step (1);
And (3) repairing: mixing Na 2S2O8、FeSO4·7H2 O and water to obtain a repair liquid, spraying the repair liquid into soil, turning over the soil while spraying the repair liquid, repeatedly spraying for multiple times, and repairing for 1 week to finish one-time repair treatment;
And (4) repeating the repair treatment on the soil once according to the repair treatment mode in the step (3).
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the mass ratio of prothioconazole to mancozeb is 1:1:3500, and the single spraying amount of the degradation liquid is 700-1000L/hm 2.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the soil is ploughed to a depth of 25cm, and the water content of the soil is maintained to be not less than 25% by sprinkling water.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the mass ratio of Na 2S2O8、FeSO4·7H2 O to water is 4:0.68:900, and the single spraying amount of the repairing liquid is 1000-1200L/hm 2.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (3), the soil plowing depth is 25cm, and the number of repeated spraying of the repair liquid is 6 to 9.
6. A method according to any one of claims 1 to 5 for removing microplastic from soybean production soil.
7. An integrated soil-turning and spraying tilling device for use in the method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising a mounting end frame, wherein the lower end of the mounting end frame is fixedly connected with a connecting water tank, both sides of the connecting water tank are fixedly connected with guard plates, two middle lower parts of the guard plates are respectively and rotatably connected with a second transmission shaft, a connecting shaft is fixedly connected between the second transmission shafts, one of the second transmission shafts is fixedly connected with a side protection cover, adjacent two sides inside the connecting water tank are respectively and fixedly connected with a first water pump and a second water pump, the input ends of the first water pump and the second water pump are respectively and fixedly connected with a connecting pipe, the output end of the first water pump is fixedly connected with a connecting water pipe, one end of the connecting shaft is provided with a rotary inner hole, the inside of the rotary inner hole is rotatably and fixedly connected with a rotary connecting port, one end of the connecting water pipe passes through the side protection cover and is fixedly connected with the rotary connecting shaft, the inside of the connecting shaft is of a hollow type, the outer surface of the connecting shaft is fixedly connected with a connecting outer ring, one side of the connecting knife is fixedly connected with a sealing ring groove, one side of the inner ring is fixedly connected with a sealing ring groove is connected with a sealing ring groove, one side of the inner sealing ring is fixedly connected with a sealing ring is connected with a sealing ring groove, and an extrusion elastic sheet is fixedly connected between the inclined sealing plate and the side wall of the water outlet hole.
8. The soil turning and spraying integrated tilling device according to claim 7, wherein one end inside the connecting shaft is fixedly connected with a filling inner pipe, the filling inner pipe is of a hollow design, and the inside of the inner cavity is fixedly connected with a supporting inner rod;
The water tank is characterized in that one side of the inside of the connecting water tank is provided with an adapting cavity, one side of the adapting cavity is fixedly communicated with an atomizing nozzle, the output end of the second water pump is fixedly communicated with the adapting cavity, and the atomizing nozzle faces the connecting rotating shaft.
9. The soil turning and spraying integrated tilling device according to claim 7, wherein the lower ends of the two connecting pipes are fixedly connected with supporting claws, the lower ends of the supporting claws are clamped with the bottom inside the connecting water tank, and the side walls and the upper ends inside the connecting water tank are fixedly connected with reinforcing ribs;
The utility model discloses a water tank, including connecting water tank, bottom plate, connecting water tank's lower extreme both sides are provided with bottom plate and No. two bottom plates respectively, the equal slip joint in four bights of bottom plate has No. one spacing slide bar, the equal slip joint in four bights of No. two bottom plates has No. two spacing slide bars, the upper end of No. two spacing slide bars all with connecting water tank's lower extreme fixed connection, fixedly connected with sealing washer between the outer fringe department of No. one bottom plate upper end and connecting water tank's lower extreme, fixedly connected with No. two sealing washer between the outer fringe department of No. two bottom plate upper ends and connecting water tank's lower extreme, fixedly connected with elastic sheet between the upper end of No. two bottom plates and No. one bottom plate.
10. The soil turning and spraying integrated tilling device according to claim 7, wherein one side of the connecting water tank is fixedly connected with a cleaning installation frame, a crushing cavity is formed in the cleaning installation frame, a brushing thorn plate is fixedly connected to one lower end of one side of the cleaning installation frame, crushing rollers are rotatably connected to the inside of the crushing cavity, the number of the crushing rollers is three, one ends of the crushing rollers are fixedly connected with connecting shafts, one side of the cleaning installation frame is fixedly connected with a transmission cover, the connecting shafts are rotatably connected with the transmission cover, three outer surfaces of the connecting shafts are fixedly connected with inner gears, three inner gears are meshed with each other, the inner gears are located in the transmission cover, one end of each connecting shaft is fixedly connected with a fourth gear, a second gear and a third gear are fixedly connected to the outer side of the second transmission shaft, and a second transmission chain is connected between the third gear and the fourth gear.
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