CN116131471A - Adiabatic compressed air energy storage power generation system and power generation-phase modulation switching control method thereof - Google Patents

Adiabatic compressed air energy storage power generation system and power generation-phase modulation switching control method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116131471A
CN116131471A CN202310028203.0A CN202310028203A CN116131471A CN 116131471 A CN116131471 A CN 116131471A CN 202310028203 A CN202310028203 A CN 202310028203A CN 116131471 A CN116131471 A CN 116131471A
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China
Prior art keywords
power generation
generator
control
energy storage
air
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CN202310028203.0A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
谢宁宁
梅生伟
孙长平
雷肖
薛小代
卢强
王亚洲
钟声远
丁若晨
郑志美
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Tsinghua University
China Three Gorges Corp
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Tsinghua University
China Three Gorges Corp
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Priority to CN202310028203.0A priority Critical patent/CN116131471A/en
Publication of CN116131471A publication Critical patent/CN116131471A/en
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J15/00—Systems for storing electric energy
    • H02J15/006—Systems for storing electric energy in the form of pneumatic energy, e.g. compressed air energy storage [CAES]
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
    • F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
    • F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K3/00—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
    • F01K7/16—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being only of turbine type
    • F01K7/22—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being only of turbine type the turbines having inter-stage steam heating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/18—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
    • H02J3/1885—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using rotating means, e.g. synchronous generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/28—Arrangements for balancing of the load in a network by storage of energy
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
    • H02J3/50—Controlling the sharing of the out-of-phase component
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/12—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/21—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M7/217—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M7/219—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only in a bridge configuration
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
    • H02P9/14—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field
    • H02P9/26—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
    • H02P9/30—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output by variation of field using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices using semiconductor devices
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides an adiabatic compressed air energy storage power generation system and a power generation-phase modulation switching control method thereof. The adiabatic compressed air energy storage power generation system comprises an energy storage system and a control device: the energy storage system comprises a gas storage module, a first heat storage device, a second heat storage device and a power generation module, wherein the power generation module comprises a generator and at least one stage of air acting units, each stage of air acting unit comprises a heat exchange device and an air acting device which are sequentially connected, when the energy storage system comprises a plurality of stages of air acting units, all the air acting units are sequentially connected, and the air acting device of the last stage of air acting unit is connected with the generator; the first heat storage device and the second heat storage device are connected with the heat exchange device of each stage of air acting unit; the generator is integrally provided with a full-control excitation device. The full-control excitation device is adopted, a reactive power regulation second channel is provided, and the voltage supporting and flexible phase modulation capacity of the generator and the asset utilization efficiency of the energy storage power station are improved.

Description

Adiabatic compressed air energy storage power generation system and power generation-phase modulation switching control method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of heat-insulating compressed air energy storage, in particular to a heat-insulating compressed air energy storage power generation system and a power generation-phase modulation switching control method thereof.
Background
With the continuous increase of large-scale new energy centralized access and direct current cross-region transmission capacity, the 'strong and weak intersection' characteristic of the power grid is remarkable, and the safe operation faces new challenges. The concrete steps are as follows: the conventional units of the receiving-end power grid are replaced by a large amount, and the difficulty of controlling the voltage of the direct current falling point near region is increased; when the new energy cluster scale of the power grid at the transmitting end is not matched with the strength of the alternating current system, the problem of transient overvoltage is easy to occur. Compared with power electronic devices such as a static var generator (Static Var Generator, SVG) and the like, the phase-change modulator has the advantages of strong transient voltage supporting capability, high transient response speed, short circuit capacity provision, rotational inertia provision and the like, and is more suitable for being used as a stabilizer of a novel power system. However, high equipment investment is a key factor restricting popularization and application of the camera.
In the prior art, compared with energy storage technologies based on power electronic technology, such as batteries and super capacitors, the heat-insulating compressed air energy storage (adiabatic compressed air energy storage, AA-CAES) operates as a camera in a non-power generation period, so that the strength and the disturbance resistance of an alternating current power grid can be improved, and the utilization efficiency of an energy storage power station can be improved.
However, adiabatic compressed air energy storage technology is still in an engineering demonstration stage, and no mature and complete theoretical technology system can be used for reference. As peak shaver sets, the AA-CAES has longer idle time and low asset utilization efficiency, and the working mode of 'daily start-stop' also puts forward a severe requirement on the manufacturing process of equipment. The hydraulic coupler/coupling between the air turbine and the generator is disconnected in the non-power generation period, so that the generator can be used as a camera to operate, the voltage supporting potential of the energy storage system can be excavated, but the frequent start and stop of the air turbine are unavoidable, and the method is not suitable for the occasion of integrating the air turbine generator set.
The related art demonstrates the feasibility of phase modulation operation of an integrated air turbine generator set and discusses the benefits of introducing a phase modulation mode in terms of grid voltage stabilization and prolonging the life of the air turbine generator set, but does not involve control of the air turbine. The performance of the excitation system is crucial to the stable operation of the generator, the traditional self-shunt excitation system based on a silicon controlled rectifier (silicon controlled rectifier, SCR) has excellent performance in the aspects of reliability, response speed and the like, but has a large gap between the dynamic voltage supporting capability under large disturbance and the requirements of flexible phase modulation and practical engineering.
Disclosure of Invention
Compared with the traditional working mode of 'day start and stop', the invention expands the function of voltage support of the adiabatic compressed air energy storage power generation system by introducing a phase modulation mode, thereby improving the asset utilization efficiency of the energy storage power station; the full-control excitation device is adopted, so that a reactive power regulation second channel is provided, and the voltage supporting and flexible phase regulating capacity of the generator is improved. In addition, the power generation-phase modulation mode switching control method can ensure that the energy storage power generation system flexibly operates in multiple modes.
The invention provides an adiabatic compressed air energy storage power generation system, which comprises an energy storage system and a control device:
the energy storage system comprises a gas storage module, a first heat storage device, a second heat storage device and a power generation module, wherein the power generation module comprises a generator and at least one stage of air acting units, each stage of air acting units comprises a heat exchange device and an air acting device which are sequentially connected, when the energy storage system comprises multiple stages of air acting units, all the air acting units are sequentially connected, and the air acting device of the last stage of air acting units is connected with the generator; the first heat storage device and the second heat storage device are connected with the heat exchange device of the air acting unit of each stage, the gas storage module is connected with the heat exchange device of the air acting unit of the first stage, and the first heat storage device and the second heat storage device are connected;
the generator is integrated with a full-control excitation device, the control device is used for sending control signals for the full-control excitation device, the air flow and the heat storage medium flow, and the full-control excitation device is used for adjusting an excitation system according to the control signals sent by the control device.
The heat-insulating compressed air energy storage power generation system provided by the invention further comprises an excitation transformer device for providing excitation power for the full-control excitation device, and the excitation transformer device is connected with the full-control excitation device.
According to the adiabatic compressed air energy storage power generation system provided by the invention, the adiabatic compressed air energy storage power generation system further comprises a main transformer for boosting the electricity generated by the generator to the power grid voltage, and the main transformer is respectively connected with the generator and the excitation transformer device.
According to the adiabatic compressed air energy storage power generation system provided by the invention, the full-control excitation device comprises a three-phase full-control rectifying circuit, a direct-current chopper circuit and a direct-current capacitor;
the three-phase full-control rectifying circuit comprises three bridge arms, and each bridge arm is provided with two voltage source type full-control devices connected in series;
the direct current chopper circuit comprises two bridge arms, and each bridge arm is provided with two voltage source type full-control devices connected in series;
and the direct-current capacitor is connected with the full-control rectifying circuit and the direct-current chopper circuit in parallel.
According to the adiabatic compressed air energy storage power generation system provided by the invention, in the three-phase full-control rectifying circuit, the midpoints of the three bridge arms are respectively connected with the three-phase windings on the low-voltage side of the excitation transformer;
in the three-phase full-control rectifying circuit, the voltage source type full-control devices on the three bridge arms adopt IGBT, and the gate electrode of each IGBT is connected with the control device;
in the direct current chopper circuit, the voltage source type full-control devices on the two bridge arms adopt IGBT, and the gate electrode of each IGBT is connected with the control device.
According to the adiabatic compressed air energy storage power generation system provided by the invention, the control device comprises a first reactive control module, a second reactive control module and an active control module;
the first passive control module is used for controlling the on-off of each IGBT in the direct current chopper circuit; the second reactive power control module is used for controlling the on-off of each IGBT in the three-phase full-control rectifying circuit; the active control module is used for controlling air flow and heat storage medium flow.
According to the adiabatic compressed air energy storage power generation system provided by the invention, the power generation module comprises a first air acting unit and a second air acting unit, the first air acting unit comprises a first heat exchange device and a first air turbine, the second air acting unit comprises a second heat exchange device and a second air turbine, and the first heat exchange device, the first air turbine, the second heat exchange device and the second air turbine are sequentially connected.
According to the adiabatic compressed air energy storage power generation system provided by the invention, the circulating pump is arranged on the pipeline connected with the second heat storage device and the heat exchange device.
According to the heat-insulating compressed air energy storage power generation system provided by the invention, a throttle valve is arranged on a pipeline connected with the gas storage module and the heat exchange module.
The invention also provides a power generation-phase modulation switching control method based on the heat insulation compressed air energy storage power generation system, which comprises the following steps:
judging the operation modes of the adiabatic compressed air energy storage power generation system, wherein the operation modes comprise a power generation mode, a phase modulation mode and a power generation-phase modulation switching mode;
in a power generation mode, presetting an active power reference value of a generator, acquiring an active power signal output by the current generator, comparing the acquired active power output by the generator with the preset active power reference value, and adjusting the opening of a throttle valve and the rotating speed of a circulating pump according to a comparison result to enable the generator to output the active power according to the active power reference value;
in the phase modulation mode, a synchronous rotation speed reference value of a generator and an exhaust temperature reference value of a second air turbine are preset, a current rotation speed signal of the generator and an exhaust temperature signal of the second air turbine are obtained, the obtained rotation speed of the generator and the exhaust temperature of the second air turbine are respectively compared with the preset synchronous rotation speed reference value of the generator and the exhaust temperature reference value of the second air turbine, the opening degree of a throttle valve and the rotation speed of a circulating pump are regulated according to a comparison result, the generator rotates according to the synchronous rotation speed reference value, and the exhaust temperature of the second air turbine is more than or equal to the exhaust temperature reference value; meanwhile, the first reactive power control module and the second reactive power control module are controlled to send out corresponding reactive power according to respective preset reactive power reference values;
under the power generation-phase modulation switching mode, presetting an active power climbing instruction of a generator, acquiring an active power signal output by a current generator, comparing the acquired active power signal output by the generator with the preset active power climbing instruction of the generator, and continuously adjusting the opening of a throttle valve and the rotating speed of a circulating pump according to a comparison result to enable the generator to output active power according to the preset active power climbing instruction.
According to the adiabatic compressed air energy storage power generation system and the power generation-phase modulation switching control method thereof, the control signals for the full-control excitation device, the air flow and the heat storage medium flow are sent out through the control device, so that the active power and the reactive power output by the generator can be regulated, and the voltage support and the flexible phase modulation capability of the generator are improved through the regulation of the reactive power output by the generator. Compared with the working mode of 'day start and stop' of the traditional adiabatic compressed air energy storage power generation system, the phase modulation mode is introduced to expand the function of voltage support of the adiabatic compressed air energy storage power generation system, so that the asset utilization efficiency of the energy storage power station is improved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the following description will briefly explain the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an adiabatic compressed air energy storage power generation system provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a fully controlled exciter circuit in an adiabatic compressed air energy storage power generation system provided by the present invention;
fig. 3 is a control block diagram of a method for controlling power generation-phase modulation switching of an adiabatic compressed air energy storage power generation system provided by the invention.
Reference numerals:
1. a full-control excitation device; 2. a control device; 3. a gas storage module; 4. a first heat storage device; 5. a second heat storage device; 6. a generator; 7. an excitation transformer; 8. a main transformer; 9. a first heat exchange device; 10. a first air turbine; 11. a second heat exchange device; 12. a second air turbine; 13. a circulation pump; 14. a throttle valve; 15. and a hydraulic device.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The adiabatic compressed air energy storage power generation system and the power generation-phase modulation switching control method of the present invention are described below with reference to fig. 1 to 3.
Example 1
Referring now to FIG. 1, a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an adiabatic compressed air energy storage power generation system is provided. The adiabatic compressed air energy storage power generation system of the present embodiment includes an energy storage system and a control device 2:
the energy storage system comprises a gas storage module 3, a first heat storage device 4, a second heat storage device 5 and a power generation module, wherein the first heat storage device 4 is used for storing low-temperature heat storage media, and the second heat storage device 5 is used for storing high-temperature heat storage media. In the embodiment, the power generation module comprises a generator 6 and two stages of air acting units, each stage of air acting unit comprises a heat exchange device and an air acting device which are sequentially connected, the air acting device uses high-temperature high-pressure gas to expand and act to push a rotor of the generator 6 to rotate for power generation, the two stages of air acting units are sequentially connected, and the air acting device of the second stage of air acting unit is connected with the generator 6; the first heat storage device 4 and the second heat storage device 5 are connected with the heat exchange device of each stage of air acting unit, the gas storage module 3 is connected with the heat exchange device of the first stage of air acting unit, and the first heat storage device 4 and the second heat storage device 5 are connected. When the system works, air in the air storage module 3 firstly enters the heat exchange device of the first-stage air working unit to exchange heat with the high-temperature heat storage medium from the second heat storage device 5, the temperature of the air is increased, the temperature of the high-temperature heat storage medium is reduced, after the air with the increased temperature is worked by the air working device of the first-stage air working unit, the low-temperature air is discharged into the heat exchange device of the second-stage air working unit from the air working device of the first-stage air working unit to exchange heat with the high-temperature heat storage medium from the second heat storage device 5 again, the temperature of the air is increased, the temperature of the high-temperature heat storage medium is reduced, and after the air with the increased temperature is worked by the air working device of the second-stage air working unit, the low-temperature air is discharged to the outside from the air working device of the second-stage air working unit. The heat storage medium whose temperature is reduced after heat exchange enters the first heat storage device 4 to be stored.
In this embodiment, the gas storage module 3 may adopt underground gas storage spaces such as salt caves and aquifers, or may adopt large-capacity containers such as gas storage tanks, and the like, which are in accordance with the storage conditions of high-pressure gas; the heat storage media in the first heat storage device 4 and the second heat storage device 5 are sensible heat storage media such as pressurized water or heat conducting oil; the heat exchange device adopts a non-contact heat exchanger.
The generator 6 is integrally provided with a full-control excitation device 1, the control device 2 is used for sending control signals for the full-control excitation device 1, the air flow and the heat storage medium flow, and the full-control excitation device 1 is used for adjusting an excitation system according to the control signals sent by the control device 2.
As shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the adiabatic compressed air energy storage power generation system further includes an excitation transformer 7 for providing an excitation power to the fully controlled excitation device 1, and the excitation transformer 7 is connected to the fully controlled excitation device 1. The exciting voltage transformation device 7 is arranged to provide exciting power for the fully controlled exciting device 1.
As shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, the adiabatic compressed air energy storage power generation system further includes a main transformer 8 for boosting the electricity generated by the generator 6 to the grid voltage, and the main transformer 8 is connected to the generator 6 and the excitation transformer 7, respectively. In practice, one side of the main transformer 8 is connected to the generator 6, and the other side is connected to the grid, so as to boost the electricity generated by the generator 6 to the grid voltage.
As shown in fig. 2, in the present embodiment, the fully-controlled excitation device 1 includes a three-phase fully-controlled rectifying circuit, a dc chopper circuit, and a dc capacitor;
the three-phase full-control rectifying circuit comprises three bridge arms, each bridge arm is provided with two voltage source type full-control devices connected in series, and the two voltage source type full-control devices connected in series cannot be conducted simultaneously;
the direct current chopper circuit comprises two bridge arms, each bridge arm is provided with two voltage source type full-control devices connected in series, and the two voltage source type full-control devices connected in series cannot be conducted simultaneously;
the direct current capacitor is connected with the full-control rectifying circuit and the direct current chopper circuit in parallel, so that the voltage stabilizing and filtering effects on the circuit are achieved.
In the three-phase full-control rectification circuit, as shown in fig. 2, the midpoints of the three bridge arms are respectively connected with the three-phase windings on the low-voltage side of the exciting transformer 7;
in the three-phase full-control rectifying circuit, the voltage source type full-control devices on the three bridge arms adopt IGBTs, the gate electrode of each IGBT is connected with the control device 2, the three-phase full-control rectifying circuit is used for providing direct-current voltage-stabilizing energy, and the switching-on and switching-off of the IGBTs 1-6 are controlled through switching control signals sent by the control device 2, so that flexible reactive power regulation is realized;
in the direct current chopper circuit, the voltage source type full-control devices on the two bridge arms adopt IGBT, the gate electrode of each IGBT is connected with the control device 2, and the direct current chopper circuit is used for controlling the on-off of the IGBT 7-IGBT 10 according to the switch control signal sent by the control device 2, so that the exciting current is regulated, and the terminal voltage and the output reactive power of the generator 6 are further controlled.
Specifically, in this embodiment, the control device 2 includes a first reactive control module, a second reactive control module, and an active control module;
the first passive control module is used for controlling the on-off of each IGBT in the direct-current chopper circuit so as to control the voltage of the machine end of the generator 6 and the output reactive power; the second reactive power control module is used for controlling the on-off of each IGBT in the three-phase full-control rectifying circuit so as to enable the three-phase full-control rectifying circuit to realize flexible reactive power control; the active control module is used for controlling the air flow and the heat storage medium flow, so that the generator 6 achieves preset rotating speed or power.
As shown in fig. 1, in this embodiment, the power generation module includes a first air working unit and a second air working unit, where the first air working unit includes a first heat exchange device 8 and a first air turbine 9, and the second air working unit includes a second heat exchange device 10 and a second air turbine 11, and the first heat exchange device 8, the first air turbine 9, the second heat exchange device 10, and the second air turbine 11 are sequentially connected. Wherein, the air turbine can adopt a multi-stage axial flow turbine.
As shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, a circulation pump 12 is provided on a pipe line connecting the second heat storage device 5 and the heat exchange device. The active control module in the control device 2 controls the rotation speed of the circulating pump 12, so that the flow rate of the heat storage medium in the second heat storage device 5 entering the heat exchange device can be controlled, and the heating temperature of the compressed air is controlled.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, a throttle valve 13 is provided on a pipeline connecting the gas storage module 3 and the heat exchange module. The air flow rate of the air storage module 3 entering the system can be controlled by controlling the opening of the throttle valve 13 by the active control module in the control device 2. In the present embodiment, the hydraulic device 14 is controlled by the active control module in the control device 2, and the opening degree of the throttle valve 13 is further controlled by the hydraulic device 14.
Example 2
The present embodiment provides a power generation-phase modulation switching control method based on the adiabatic compressed air energy storage power generation system of embodiment 1, including:
and judging the operation modes of the adiabatic compressed air energy storage power generation system, wherein the operation modes comprise a power generation mode, a phase modulation mode and a power generation-phase modulation switching mode. In this embodiment, the method for determining an operation mode of the adiabatic compressed air energy storage power generation system includes: detecting the active output of the generator 6, wherein the active output is lower than a set threshold (such as 5% rated output) and is in a phase modulation mode; the control modes of the power generation mode and the power generation-phase modulation switching process are consistent, and the difference is only the difference of the active instructions;
in the power generation mode, presetting an active power reference value of the generator 6, wherein the reference value can be a fixed value or a value changed according to a set curve, acquiring an active power signal output by the current generator 6, comparing the acquired active power output by the generator 6 with the preset active power reference value, and adjusting the opening of the throttle valve 13 and the rotating speed of the circulating pump 12 according to a comparison result to adjust the air flow and the heat storage medium flow, so that the generator 6 outputs the active power according to the active reference value;
in the phase modulation mode, a synchronous rotation speed reference value of the generator 6 and an exhaust temperature reference value of the second air turbine 11 are preset, the reference values can be fixed values, or can be values changed according to a set curve, a current rotation speed signal of the generator 6 and an exhaust temperature signal of the second air turbine 11 are obtained, the obtained rotation speed of the generator 6 and the exhaust temperature of the second air turbine 11 are respectively compared with the preset synchronous rotation speed reference value of the generator 6 and the exhaust temperature reference value of the second air turbine 11, and the opening of the throttle valve 13 and the rotation speed of the circulating pump 12 are regulated according to the comparison result, so that the generator 6 rotates according to the synchronous rotation speed reference value, and the exhaust temperature of the second air turbine 11 is more than or equal to the exhaust temperature reference value; meanwhile, the first reactive power control module and the second reactive power control module are controlled to send out corresponding reactive power according to respective preset reactive power reference values;
in the power generation-phase modulation switching mode, presetting an active power climbing instruction of the generator 6, acquiring an active power signal output by the current generator 6, comparing the acquired active power signal output by the generator 6 with the preset active power climbing instruction of the generator 6, and continuously adjusting the opening of the throttle valve 13 and the rotating speed of the circulating pump 12 according to a comparison result to enable the generator 6 to output active power according to the preset active power climbing instruction.
Referring to fig. 3, a specific description will be given below of a method for controlling power generation-phase modulation switching of the adiabatic compressed air energy storage power generation system according to the present embodiment.
In the power generation mode, the active power output by the generator 6 is measured and compared with a preset active power reference value, the comparison result is processed by a PI controller to obtain control signals of the circulating pump 12 and the hydraulic device 14, and the active control module of the control device 2 adjusts the circulating pump 12 and the hydraulic device 14 through the control signals, so that the air flow and the heat storage medium flow are adjusted to enable the generator 6 to output the active power according to the preset active power reference value;
in the phase modulation mode, the rotating speed of the generator 6 is measured and compared with a preset synchronous rotating speed reference value, a comparison result is processed by a PI controller to obtain a control signal of the hydraulic device 14, an active control module of the control device 2 adjusts the hydraulic device 14 through the control signal, and the opening degree of the throttle valve 13 is adjusted through the hydraulic device 14, so that the air flow is adjusted, and the generator 6 keeps rotating at the preset synchronous rotating speed reference value; measuring the exhaust temperature of the second air turbine 11, comparing the exhaust temperature with a preset temperature reference value, processing the comparison result through a PI controller to obtain a control signal of the circulating pump 12, and regulating the rotating speed of the circulating pump 12 through an active control module of the control device 2 by the control signal, thereby regulating the flow of the heat storage medium to prevent damage caused by ice generated by the excessively low air temperature impacting turbine blades at high speed; meanwhile, the first reactive power control module and the second reactive power control module of the control device 2 send out corresponding reactive power according to respective preset reactive power reference values;
in the power generation-phase modulation switching mode, the active power output by the generator 6 is measured and compared with a preset active power climbing instruction, control signals of the circulating pump 12 and the hydraulic device 14 are obtained through processing of a comparison structure through a PI controller, and an active control module of the control device 2 adjusts the circulating pump 12 and the hydraulic device 14 through the control signals, so that the air flow and the heat storage medium flow are continuously adjusted, and the generator 6 outputs active power according to the active instruction and the preset active power climbing instruction.
In the view of figure 3 of the drawings,
Figure BDA0004045520900000111
and->
Figure BDA0004045520900000112
Respectively representing mechanical power and electromagnetic power; />
Figure BDA0004045520900000113
Representing an inertial link of the power generation system; Δω represents a rotational speed deviation signal;
as can be seen from the description of the above embodiments, the power generation-phase modulation switching control method of the adiabatic compressed air energy storage power generation system of the present embodiment has the following advantages:
the power generation-phase modulation switching control method of the thermal compression air energy storage power generation system of the embodiment firstly judges which operation mode the system is in, then sends control signals to the full-control exciting device 1, the throttle valve 13 and the circulating pump 12 through the control device 2 according to different operation modes, so that the active power and the reactive power of the generator 6 are controlled, and the full-control exciter is adopted to provide a second channel for reactive adjustment, so that the voltage supporting and flexible phase modulation capability of the generator 6 are improved. In addition, the power generation-phase modulation mode switching control method can ensure that the energy storage power generation system flexibly operates in multiple modes.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An adiabatic compressed air energy storage power generation system, comprising an energy storage system and a control device:
the energy storage system comprises a gas storage module, a first heat storage device, a second heat storage device and a power generation module, wherein the power generation module comprises a generator and at least one stage of air acting units, each stage of air acting units comprises a heat exchange device and an air acting device which are sequentially connected, when the energy storage system comprises multiple stages of air acting units, all the air acting units are sequentially connected, and the air acting device of the last stage of air acting units is connected with the generator; the first heat storage device and the second heat storage device are connected with the heat exchange device of the air acting unit of each stage, the gas storage module is connected with the heat exchange device of the air acting unit of the first stage, and the first heat storage device and the second heat storage device are connected;
the generator is integrated with a full-control excitation device, the control device is used for sending control signals for the full-control excitation device, the air flow and the heat storage medium flow, and the full-control excitation device is used for adjusting an excitation system according to the control signals sent by the control device.
2. The adiabatic compressed air energy storage power generation system of claim 1, further comprising an excitation transformer for providing excitation power to the fully controlled excitation device, the excitation transformer being coupled to the fully controlled excitation device.
3. The adiabatic compressed air energy storage power generation system of claim 2, further comprising a main transformer for boosting the electricity generated by the generator to a grid voltage, the main transformer being connected to the generator and the excitation transformer device, respectively.
4. The adiabatic compressed air energy storage power generation system of claim 2, wherein the fully controlled excitation device comprises a three-phase fully controlled rectifier circuit, a dc chopper circuit, and a dc capacitor;
the three-phase full-control rectifying circuit comprises three bridge arms, and each bridge arm is provided with two voltage source type full-control devices connected in series;
the direct current chopper circuit comprises two bridge arms, and each bridge arm is provided with two voltage source type full-control devices connected in series;
and the direct-current capacitor is connected with the full-control rectifying circuit and the direct-current chopper circuit in parallel.
5. The adiabatic compressed air energy storage power generation system according to claim 4, wherein in the three-phase fully-controlled rectifying circuit, midpoints of three bridge arms are respectively connected with three-phase windings on a low-voltage side of the excitation transformer device;
in the three-phase full-control rectifying circuit, the voltage source type full-control devices on the three bridge arms adopt IGBT, and the gate electrode of each IGBT is connected with the control device;
in the direct current chopper circuit, the voltage source type full-control devices on the two bridge arms adopt IGBT, and the gate electrode of each IGBT is connected with the control device.
6. The adiabatic compressed air energy storage power generation system of claim 5, wherein the control device includes a first reactive control module, a second reactive control module, and an active control module;
the first passive control module is used for controlling the on-off of each IGBT in the direct current chopper circuit; the second reactive power control module is used for controlling the on-off of each IGBT in the three-phase full-control rectifying circuit; the active control module is used for controlling air flow and heat storage medium flow.
7. The adiabatic compressed air energy storage power generation system of any of claims 1-6, wherein the power generation module comprises a first air working unit and a second air working unit, the first air working unit comprises a first heat exchange device and a first air turbine, the second air working unit comprises a second heat exchange device and a second air turbine, and the first heat exchange device, the first air turbine, the second heat exchange device, and the second air turbine are connected in sequence.
8. The adiabatic compressed air energy storage power generation system of any of claims 1-6, wherein a circulation pump is provided on a pipeline connecting the second heat storage device and the heat exchange device.
9. The adiabatic compressed air energy storage power generation system as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 6 wherein a throttle valve is provided on a pipeline connecting the gas storage module and the heat exchange module.
10. A power generation-phase modulation switching control method based on an adiabatic compressed air energy storage power generation system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by comprising:
judging the operation modes of the adiabatic compressed air energy storage power generation system, wherein the operation modes comprise a power generation mode, a phase modulation mode and a power generation-phase modulation switching mode;
in a power generation mode, presetting an active power reference value of a generator, acquiring an active power signal output by the current generator, comparing the acquired active power output by the generator with the preset active power reference value, and adjusting the opening of a throttle valve and the rotating speed of a circulating pump according to a comparison result to enable the generator to output the active power according to the active power reference value;
in the phase modulation mode, a synchronous rotation speed reference value of a generator and an exhaust temperature reference value of a second air turbine are preset, a current rotation speed signal of the generator and an exhaust temperature signal of the second air turbine are obtained, the obtained rotation speed of the generator and the exhaust temperature of the second air turbine are respectively compared with the preset synchronous rotation speed reference value of the generator and the exhaust temperature reference value of the second air turbine, the opening degree of a throttle valve and the rotation speed of a circulating pump are regulated according to a comparison result, the generator rotates according to the synchronous rotation speed reference value, and the exhaust temperature of the second air turbine is more than or equal to the exhaust temperature reference value; meanwhile, the first reactive power control module and the second reactive power control module are controlled to send out corresponding reactive power according to respective preset reactive power reference values;
under the power generation-phase modulation switching mode, presetting an active power climbing instruction of a generator, acquiring an active power signal output by a current generator, comparing the acquired active power signal output by the generator with the preset active power climbing instruction of the generator, and continuously adjusting the opening of a throttle valve and the rotating speed of a circulating pump according to a comparison result to enable the generator to output active power according to the preset active power climbing instruction.
CN202310028203.0A 2023-01-09 2023-01-09 Adiabatic compressed air energy storage power generation system and power generation-phase modulation switching control method thereof Pending CN116131471A (en)

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