CN116131227A - Construction method and device of high-sensitivity differential protection criterion based on high voltage low cosine value - Google Patents
Construction method and device of high-sensitivity differential protection criterion based on high voltage low cosine value Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及自动化继电保护技术领域，具体涉及一种基于高电压低余弦值的高灵敏差动保护判据的构建方法及装置。The invention relates to the technical field of automatic relay protection, in particular to a method and device for constructing a high-sensitivity differential protection criterion based on high voltage and low cosine value.
背景技术Background technique
现有交流系统中的线路保护广泛采用电流差动保护作为主保护。电流差动保护基于基尔霍夫电流定律，差动电流在无故障或区外故障时为零，在区内故障时为故障电流，具有较好的灵敏度与可靠性。Current differential protection is widely used as the main protection for line protection in existing AC systems. Current differential protection is based on Kirchhoff's current law. The differential current is zero when there is no fault or an external fault, and is a fault current when there is an internal fault. It has good sensitivity and reliability.
由于输电线路对地电容的影响，在正常运行时差动电流为电容电流，为了提高电流差动保护的灵敏度，需要补偿电容电流，使线路无故障时差动电流为零，但电容电流补偿对线路参数的准确性要求较高，因此制约电流差动保护动作性能的关键问题仍是高过渡电阻导致故障电流减小与线路电容电流大小难以区分，这一问题在弱馈系统中表现更为明显，甚至可能导致保护不正确动作，扩大事故范围。Due to the influence of the transmission line on the capacitance of the ground, the differential current is a capacitive current during normal operation. In order to improve the sensitivity of the current differential protection, it is necessary to compensate the capacitive current so that the differential current is zero when the line is faultless, but the capacitive current compensation has no effect on The accuracy of line parameters is high, so the key problem restricting the performance of current differential protection is still that the high transition resistance causes the fault current to decrease and the line capacitance current is indistinguishable, and this problem is more obvious in the weak feed system , It may even lead to incorrect action of the protection and expand the scope of the accident.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为解决上述问题，本发明提供一种基于高电压低余弦值的高灵敏差动保护判据的构建方法，包括：In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a method for constructing a high-sensitivity differential protection criterion based on high voltage and low cosine value, including:
获取线路两侧的电压相量和；利用所述电压相量和与差动电流相量的夹角，计算余弦值；Obtain the voltage phasor sum on both sides of the line; use the angle between the voltage phasor sum and the differential current phasor to calculate the cosine value;
根据所述电压相量和与余弦值，构建非故障相的识别判据；Constructing a non-fault phase identification criterion according to the voltage phasor sum and cosine value;
根据差动电流幅值与低制动相差动保护定值，构建低制动相差动保护判据；According to the differential current amplitude and the low braking phase differential protection setting value, the low braking phase differential protection criterion is constructed;
根据零序差动电流幅值与零差保护制动电流定值，构建零序差动保护判据；According to the zero-sequence differential current amplitude and the homodyne protection braking current setting, the zero-sequence differential protection criterion is constructed;
由所述非故障相的识别判据、低制动相差动保护判据和零序差动保护判据，构建高灵敏差动保护判据。A high-sensitivity differential protection criterion is constructed from the identification criterion of the non-fault phase, the low braking phase differential protection criterion and the zero-sequence differential protection criterion.
进一步的，获取线路两侧的电压相量和，包括：Further, obtain the voltage phasor sum on both sides of the line, including:
式中：
进一步的，利用所述电压相量和与差动电流相量的夹角，计算余弦值，包括：Further, the cosine value is calculated using the voltage phasor and the angle between the differential current phasor, including:
式中：
进一步的，根据所述电压相量和与余弦值，构建非故障相的识别判据，包括：Further, according to the voltage phasor sum and cosine value, the identification criterion of non-fault phase is constructed, including:
式中：Ue为线路额定电压。In the formula: U e is the rated voltage of the line.
进一步的，根据差动电流幅值与低制动相差动保护定值，构建低制动相差动保护判据，包括：Further, according to the differential current amplitude and the low braking phase differential protection setting, the low braking phase differential protection criterion is constructed, including:
低制动相差动保护判据为：
式中：
进一步的，根据零序差动电流幅值与零差保护制动电流定值，构建零序差动保护判据，包括：Further, according to the zero-sequence differential current amplitude and the homodyne protection braking current setting, the zero-sequence differential protection criterion is constructed, including:
零序差动保护判据为：IΣ0＞Iset0，The zero-sequence differential protection criterion is: I Σ0 > I set0 ,
式中：
进一步的，还包括：Further, it also includes:
根据所述高灵敏差动保护判据，确定线路是否发生故障；According to the highly sensitive differential protection criterion, determine whether a fault occurs in the line;
当确定线路发生故障后，确定发生故障的故障相。When it is determined that the line is faulty, determine the faulty phase where the fault occurs.
进一步的，根据所述高灵敏差动保护判据，确定线路是否发生故障，包括：Further, according to the high-sensitivity differential protection criterion, determining whether a fault occurs in the line includes:
当同时满足低制动相差动保护判据和零序差动保护判据时，确定线路发生故障。When the low braking phase differential protection criterion and the zero sequence differential protection criterion are met simultaneously, it is determined that a fault occurs on the line.
进一步的，当确定线路发生故障后，确定发生故障的故障相，包括：Further, when it is determined that a fault occurs on the line, determine the fault phase where the fault occurs, including:
当线路发生故障后，根据非故障相的识别判据，确定发生故障的故障相。When a line fault occurs, the faulty phase that has failed is determined according to the identification criteria of the non-faulty phase.
本发明同时提供一种基于高电压低余弦值的高灵敏差动保护判据的构建装置，包括：The present invention also provides a high-sensitivity differential protection criterion construction device based on high voltage and low cosine value, including:
余弦值计算单元，用于获取线路两侧的电压相量和；利用所述电压相量和与差动电流相量的夹角，计算余弦值；A cosine value calculation unit, configured to obtain the voltage phasor sum on both sides of the line; using the angle between the voltage phasor sum and the differential current phasor to calculate the cosine value;
建非故障相的识别判据构建单元，用于根据所述电压相量和与余弦值，构建非故障相的识别判据；Build a non-fault phase identification criterion construction unit for constructing a non-fault phase identification criterion according to the voltage phasor sum and cosine value;
低制动相差动保护判据构建单元，用于根据差动电流幅值与低制动相差动保护定值，构建低制动相差动保护判据；The low braking phase differential protection criterion construction unit is used to construct the low braking phase differential protection criterion according to the differential current amplitude and the low braking phase differential protection setting value;
零序差动保护判据构建单元，用于根据零序差动电流幅值与零差保护制动电流定值，构建零序差动保护判据；The zero-sequence differential protection criterion construction unit is used to construct the zero-sequence differential protection criterion according to the zero-sequence differential current amplitude and the homodyne protection braking current setting;
高灵敏差动保护判据构建单元，用于由所述非故障相的识别判据、低制动相差动保护判据和零序差动保护判据，构建高灵敏差动保护判据。The high-sensitivity differential protection criterion construction unit is used to construct the high-sensitivity differential protection criterion from the identification criterion of the non-fault phase, the low braking phase differential protection criterion and the zero-sequence differential protection criterion.
本发明提供一种基于高电压低余弦值的高灵敏差动保护判据的构建方法及装置，能可靠识别高过渡电阻故障时的非故障相，不受弱馈系统的影响仍能正确识别区内区外故障，且在振荡期间故障和非全相振荡的过程正仍可靠动作，兼顾了差动保护灵敏度与可靠性，提升了系统的安全稳定运行水平。The invention provides a method and device for constructing a high-sensitivity differential protection criterion based on high voltage and low cosine value, which can reliably identify non-fault phases in high transition resistance faults, and can correctly identify areas without being affected by weak feed systems Faults inside and outside the zone, and the process of faults and non-full-phase oscillations during the oscillation period is still reliable, taking into account the sensitivity and reliability of differential protection, and improving the safe and stable operation level of the system.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明实施例提供的一种基于高电压低余弦值的高灵敏差动保护判据的构建方法的流程示意图；Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for constructing a high-sensitivity differential protection criterion based on a high-voltage low-cosine value provided by an embodiment of the present invention;
图2是本发明实施例涉及的高灵敏差动保护判据逻辑图；Fig. 2 is a logic diagram of the high-sensitivity differential protection criterion involved in the embodiment of the present invention;
图3是本发明实施例涉及的常规电源接入场景系统图；FIG. 3 is a system diagram of a conventional power access scenario involved in an embodiment of the present invention;
图4是本发明实施例涉及的区内故障纵横混合制动的差动保护动作结果；Fig. 4 is the result of the differential protection action of the cross-horizontal hybrid braking for faults in the zone involved in the embodiment of the present invention;
图5是本发明实施例涉及的区外故障纵横混合制动的差动保护动作结果；Fig. 5 is the result of the differential protection action of vertical and horizontal hybrid braking for out-of-area faults according to the embodiment of the present invention;
图6是本发明实施例涉及的常规电源接入场景系统图；FIG. 6 is a system diagram of a conventional power access scenario involved in an embodiment of the present invention;
图7是本发明实施例涉及的区内故障纵横混合制动的差动保护动作结果；Fig. 7 is the result of the differential protection action of the cross-horizontal hybrid braking in the fault area involved in the embodiment of the present invention;
图8是本发明实施例涉及的区外故障纵横混合制动的差动保护动作结果Figure 8 is the result of the differential protection action of vertical and horizontal hybrid braking for out-of-area faults according to the embodiment of the present invention
图9是本发明实施例提供的一种基于高电压低余弦值的高灵敏差动保护判据的构建装置的结构示意图。Fig. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a construction device for a high-sensitivity differential protection criterion based on high voltage and low cosine value provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
在下面的描述中阐述了很多具体细节以便于充分理解本发明。但是本发明能够以很多不同于在此描述的其它方式来实施，本领域技术人员可以在不违背本发明内涵的情况下做类似推广，因此本发明不受下面公开的具体实施的限制。In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention can be implemented in many other ways different from those described here, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without violating the connotation of the present invention, so the present invention is not limited by the specific implementations disclosed below.
图1是本发明实施例提供的一种基于高电压低余弦值的高灵敏差动保护判据的构建方法的流程示意图，下面结合图1对本发明提供的方法进行详细说明。Fig. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a method for constructing a high-sensitivity differential protection criterion based on high voltage and low cosine value provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The method provided by the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with Fig. 1 .
步骤S101，获取线路两侧的电压相量和；利用所述电压相量和与差动电流相量的夹角，计算余弦值。In step S101, the voltage phasor sum on both sides of the line is obtained; and the cosine value is calculated by using the angle between the voltage phasor sum and the differential current phasor.
利用线路两侧电压计算电压相量和，Use the voltage on both sides of the line to calculate the voltage phasor sum,
式中：
利用线路两侧电压相量与差动电流相量的夹角，计算余弦值，Using the angle between the voltage phasor and the differential current phasor on both sides of the line to calculate the cosine value,
式中：
步骤S102，根据所述电压相量和与余弦值，构建非故障相的识别判据。Step S102, according to the voltage phasor sum and cosine value, construct the identification criterion of the non-faulty phase.
具体为，Specifically,
式中：Ue为线路额定电压。In the formula: U e is the rated voltage of the line.
步骤S103，根据差动电流幅值与低制动相差动保护定值，构建低制动相差动保护判据。Step S103, constructing a low braking phase differential protection criterion according to the differential current amplitude and the low braking phase differential protection setting value.
低制动相差动保护判据为：
式中：
步骤S104，根据零序差动电流幅值与零差保护制动电流定值，构建零序差动保护判据。Step S104, constructing a zero-sequence differential protection criterion according to the zero-sequence differential current amplitude and the homodyne protection braking current setting.
零序差动保护判据为：IΣ0＞Iset0，The zero-sequence differential protection criterion is: I Σ0 > I set0 ,
式中：
步骤S105，由所述非故障相的识别判据、低制动相差动保护判据和零序差动保护判据，构建高灵敏差动保护判据。Step S105, constructing a high-sensitivity differential protection criterion based on the identification criterion of the non-faulty phase, the low braking phase differential protection criterion and the zero-sequence differential protection criterion.
根据所述高灵敏差动保护判据，确定线路是否发生故障，具体的，当同时满足低制动相差动保护判据
当确定线路发生故障后，确定发生故障的故障相，具体的，根据非故障相的识别判据，也就该相满足
例如，线路包括A、B、C三相，根据图2所示的高灵敏差动保护判据逻辑图，对A、B、C三相是否是故障相进行送别，首先判别线路是否发生故障，再判别发生故障的相，具体的，当同时满足低制动相差动保护判据
具体实施例选择了以下几种场景：The specific embodiment selects the following scenarios:
(1)常规电源接入场景(1) Conventional power supply access scenario
常规电源接入的场景为线路两侧的电源均为常规电源，系统图如图3所示，分别对线路区内单相经高阻(800Ω)接地故障和区外故障的情况进行讨论。The scenario of conventional power supply access is that the power supplies on both sides of the line are conventional power supplies. The system diagram is shown in Figure 3, and the situations of single-phase high-impedance (800Ω) ground faults in the line area and external faults are discussed respectively.
1)区内故障1) In-area failure
线路区内发生AN单相经800Ω过渡电阻接地故障，保护的动作情况如图4所示，A相低制动的相差动保护和零序差动保护10.83ms进入动作区，高电压低功率因数非故障相识别判据为1.67ms解除闭锁，A相保护可靠动作。B相和C低制动的相差动保护和零序差动保护均不动作，且高电压低功率因数非故障相识别判据持续闭锁，保护可靠不动作。AN single-phase grounding fault occurs through 800Ω transition resistance in the line area, and the protection action is shown in Figure 4. The phase differential protection and zero sequence differential protection of phase A low brake enter the action area in 10.83ms, and the high voltage and low power factor The non-faulty phase identification criterion is 1.67ms to release the blocking, and the A phase protection operates reliably. The phase differential protection and zero-sequence differential protection of B phase and C low braking are not activated, and the high voltage low power factor non-faulty phase identification criterion is continuously blocked, and the protection is reliable and does not operate.
2)区外故障2) Out-of-area failure
当线路发生区外A相接地故障时，保护的动作情况如图5所示，A相低制动的相差动保护和零序差动保护均不动作，高电压低功率因数非故障相识别判据为5.83ms解除闭锁，综合判断A相保护可靠不动作。B相和C相低制动的相差动保护和零序差动保护均不动作，且高电压低功率因数非故障相识别判据持续闭锁，B相和C相保护可靠不动作。When a phase A ground fault outside the line occurs, the protection action is shown in Figure 5. Neither the phase differential protection nor the zero-sequence differential protection of phase A low braking will operate, and the high voltage and low power factor are not faulty phase identification. The criterion is to release the block at 5.83ms, and comprehensively judge that the protection of phase A is reliable and does not operate. The phase differential protection and zero-sequence differential protection of low braking of phase B and phase C do not operate, and the high voltage low power factor non-fault phase identification criterion is continuously blocked, and the protection of phase B and phase C is reliable and does not operate.
(2)线路一侧开关断开场景(2) The scene where the switch on the line side is disconnected
用线路一侧开关断开的场景模拟最严重的弱馈系统情况，系统图如图6所示，N侧断路器断开分别，区内故障点F1和区外故障点F2处故障进行分析，保护的动作情况如下。The most serious weak feeder system situation is simulated by the scene where the switch on one side of the line is disconnected. The system diagram is shown in Figure 6. The circuit breaker on the N side is disconnected, and the faults at the fault point F1 inside the area and the fault point F2 outside the area are analyzed. The action of protection is as follows.
1)区内故障1) In-area failure
线路区内F1点发生AN单相经800Ω过渡电阻接地故障，保护的动作情况如图7所示，A相低制动的相差动保护与零序差动保护12.5ms进入动作区，高电压低功率因数非故障相识别判据为13.33ms解除闭锁，A相保护可靠动作。B相和C低制动的相差动保护不动作，零序差动保护动作，但高电压低功率因数非故障相识别判据持续闭锁，保护可靠不动作。AN single-phase grounding fault occurs through 800Ω transition resistance at point F1 in the line area. The protection action is shown in Figure 7. The phase differential protection and zero-sequence differential protection of phase A low braking enter the action area in 12.5ms, and the high voltage low The power factor non-faulty phase identification criterion is 13.33ms to release the block, and the A phase protection operates reliably. The phase differential protection of phase B and C low braking does not operate, and the zero-sequence differential protection operates, but the high voltage and low power factor non-fault phase identification criteria continue to be blocked, and the protection is reliable and does not operate.
(2)区外故障(2) Out-of-area failure
当线路发生区外A相接地故障时，保护的动作情况如图8所示，A相低制动的相差动保护和零序差动保护均不动作，高电压低功率因数非故障相识别判据为5ms解除闭锁，综合判断A相保护可靠不动作。B相和C相低制动的相差动保护和零序差动保护均不动作，且高电压低功率因数非故障相识别判据持续闭锁，B相和C相保护可靠不动作。When a phase A ground fault outside the line occurs, the protection action is shown in Figure 8. The phase differential protection and zero sequence differential protection of phase A low braking do not operate, and the high voltage and low power factor are non-faulty phase identification The criterion is to release the blocking within 5ms, and comprehensively judge that the phase A protection is reliable and does not operate. The phase differential protection and zero-sequence differential protection of low braking of phase B and phase C do not operate, and the high voltage low power factor non-fault phase identification criterion is continuously blocked, and the protection of phase B and phase C is reliable and does not operate.
基于同一发明构思，本发明同时提供一种基于高电压低余弦值的高灵敏差动保护判据的构建装置900，如图9所示，包括：Based on the same inventive concept, the present invention also provides a high-sensitivity differential protection
余弦值计算单元910，用于获取线路两侧的电压相量和；利用所述电压相量和与差动电流相量的夹角，计算余弦值；A cosine
建非故障相的识别判据构建单元920，用于根据所述电压相量和与余弦值，构建非故障相的识别判据；Build a non-faulty phase identification
低制动相差动保护判据构建单元930，用于根据差动电流幅值与低制动相差动保护定值，构建低制动相差动保护判据；A low braking phase differential protection
零序差动保护判据构建单元940，用于根据零序差动电流幅值与零差保护制动电流定值，构建零序差动保护判据；A zero-sequence differential protection
高灵敏差动保护判据构建单元950，用于由所述非故障相的识别判据、低制动相差动保护判据和零序差动保护判据，构建高灵敏差动保护判据。The high-sensitivity differential protection
本发明提供一种基于高电压低余弦值的高灵敏差动保护判据的构建方法及装置，能可靠识别高过渡电阻故障时的非故障相，不受弱馈系统的影响仍能正确识别区内区外故障，且在振荡期间故障和非全相振荡的过程正仍可靠动作，兼顾了差动保护灵敏度与可靠性，提升了系统的安全稳定运行水平。The invention provides a method and device for constructing a high-sensitivity differential protection criterion based on high voltage and low cosine value, which can reliably identify non-fault phases in high transition resistance faults, and can correctly identify areas without being affected by weak feed systems Faults inside and outside the zone, and the process of faults and non-full-phase oscillations during the oscillation period is still reliable, taking into account the sensitivity and reliability of differential protection, and improving the safe and stable operation level of the system.
最后应该说明的是：以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的技术方案而非对其限制，尽管参照上述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，所属领域的普通技术人员应当理解依然可以对本发明的具体实施方式进行修改或者等同替换，而未脱离本发明精神和范围的任何修改或者等同替换，其均应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围当中。Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the present invention can still be implemented. Modifications or equivalent replacements to the specific embodiments, any modification or equivalent replacement that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, shall be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention.
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