CN116130537B - Photovoltaic module and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Photovoltaic module and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN116130537B CN116130537B CN202310395299.4A CN202310395299A CN116130537B CN 116130537 B CN116130537 B CN 116130537B CN 202310395299 A CN202310395299 A CN 202310395299A CN 116130537 B CN116130537 B CN 116130537B
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- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000002313 adhesive film Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 63
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L22/00—Testing or measuring during manufacture or treatment; Reliability measurements, i.e. testing of parts without further processing to modify the parts as such; Structural arrangements therefor
- H01L22/10—Measuring as part of the manufacturing process
- H01L22/12—Measuring as part of the manufacturing process for structural parameters, e.g. thickness, line width, refractive index, temperature, warp, bond strength, defects, optical inspection, electrical measurement of structural dimensions, metallurgic measurement of diffusions
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
- H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
- H01L31/049—Protective back sheets
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
- H01L31/054—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
- H01L31/0543—Optical elements directly associated or integrated with the PV cell, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means comprising light concentrating means of the refractive type, e.g. lenses
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of semiconductor part assembly, in particular to a photovoltaic module, a preparation method and application thereof, comprising the following steps: analyzing the refractive index and the thickness of the glass layer to generate preset shape data; respectively prefabricating a glass layer and a battery layer; bending the adhesive film layer in a preset bending mode; bonding the glass layer, the battery layer and the bending adhesive film layer to form a semi-finished product of the photovoltaic module; detecting the semi-finished product of the bonded photovoltaic module; assembling a photovoltaic module and adjusting the preset shape data according to a detection result; according to the invention, a reasonable glass layer is selected by calculating the latitude of the photovoltaic module, and the photovoltaic module is manufactured according to the refractive index and the thickness of the glass layer, so that the photovoltaic module focuses on the battery layer during operation, the preparation accuracy of the photovoltaic module is effectively improved, and the application scene of the photovoltaic module is effectively expanded.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of semiconductor part assembly, in particular to a photovoltaic module, a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The photovoltaic module is used as a main means of solar energy application, has more application scene limitation and strict illumination requirements. Chinese patent grant bulletin number: CN115172535B discloses a method for preparing a photovoltaic module and the photovoltaic module, the invention provides a front packaging structure, a photovoltaic cell and a back plate, the front packaging structure comprises a cover plate and a packaging layer; arranging an insulating layer and a through hole on the surface of at least one side of the photovoltaic cell, so that the through hole corresponds to the grid line of the photovoltaic cell; a conductive layer is arranged on the backboard; arranging conductive adhesive in the through hole and/or on the conductive layer; connecting the backboard with the photovoltaic cell, attaching the insulating layer with the conductive layer, and electrically connecting the grid line and the conductive layer through the conductive adhesive by the through hole; the packaging layer is arranged on one side of the photovoltaic cell, which is far away from the backboard; the cover plate is arranged on one side of the packaging layer far away from the photovoltaic cell; and laminating the cover plate, the packaging layer, the photovoltaic cell and the backboard to form the photovoltaic module. The invention can reduce the process complexity of the photovoltaic module, so that the process steps are simpler and more convenient;
therefore, according to the technical scheme, the photovoltaic module has the following problems due to limited requirements on illuminance: the application scene of the photovoltaic module cannot be enlarged by expanding the illuminance range of the photovoltaic module in preparation.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention provides a photovoltaic module, a preparation method and application thereof, which are used for solving the problem that the application scene of the photovoltaic module cannot be enlarged through the preparation of the photovoltaic module in the prior art, so that the application limitation of the photovoltaic module is high.
In one aspect, the invention provides a method for preparing a photovoltaic module, comprising:
step S1, analyzing the refractive index and the thickness of a glass layer by using a central control module, comparing an analysis result with the installation latitude of a photovoltaic module, and generating preset shape data according to the comparison result;
s2, prefabricating the glass layer into a preset glass shape according to the preset shape data by utilizing a forming module, and prefabricating the battery layer into a preset battery shape;
s3, bending the adhesive film layer in a preset bending mode by using a bending module, and fixing the bent adhesive film layer to form a bent adhesive film layer;
s4, laminating the glass layer, the battery layer and the bending adhesive film layer in a preset lamination mode by utilizing a lamination module to form a semi-finished product of the photovoltaic module;
step S5, the central control module controls the superposition module to detect the semi-finished product of the laminated photovoltaic module, and the detected semi-finished product of the photovoltaic module is assembled with the backboard to prepare the photovoltaic module;
step S6, the central control module adjusts the preset shape data according to the detection data;
the preset bending mode is to bend the adhesive film layer according to the thickness of the adhesive film layer and the bending angle of the preset shape data, the preset glass shape is to splice the adjacent glass layers at a preset installation angle, and the preset battery shape is to cut the battery layer into a strip shape with a preset width;
the preset superposition mode is to attach the glass layer and the bending adhesive film layer to form a glass composite layer, and attach the surface of the bending adhesive film layer in the glass composite layer and the battery layer to form a photovoltaic semi-finished product;
the installation latitude of the photovoltaic module is the latitude of the installation area of the photovoltaic module;
the predetermined width is related to the refractive index of the glass layer and the thickness of the glass layer.
Further, in the step S4, a vacuum operation space is provided in the stacking module, when the stacking module is attached in the preset stacking manner, vacuum is pumped into the vacuum operation space, and the glass layer and the bending adhesive film layer are attached to form a glass composite layer; when the superposition module completes the preparation of the glass composite layer, the superposition module does not maintain vacuum in the vacuum operation space any more, and the superposition module is used for adhering the battery layer to the corresponding surface of the bending adhesive film layer in the glass composite layer so as to form a photovoltaic semi-finished product.
Further, in the step S1, the central control module determines an installation angle of the photovoltaic module according to the installation latitude of the photovoltaic module, and determines the preset shape data according to the installation angle;
wherein the preset shape data includes:
the horizontal photovoltaic installation data corresponds to the installation mode of the horizontal photovoltaic module;
the inclined photovoltaic installation data corresponds to the installation mode of the inclined photovoltaic module;
the installation mode of the horizontal photovoltaic module is horizontal installation during installation, the installation mode of the inclined photovoltaic module is connected with the horizontal photovoltaic module, and an included angle formed by a lighting surface of the inclined photovoltaic module and a lighting surface of the horizontal photovoltaic module is the installation angle;
and the central control module sets the focal point of the glass layer corresponding to the preset shape as a photovoltaic focal point.
Further, in the step S2, the forming module prepares glass layers of a single photovoltaic module and arranges the glass layers, where the single glass layer corresponds to a single horizontal photovoltaic module or a single inclined photovoltaic module, and the single horizontal photovoltaic module and the single inclined photovoltaic module are alternately arranged;
wherein the single photovoltaic module is a horizontal photovoltaic module or an inclined photovoltaic module.
Further, in the step S2, when the forming module prepares the battery layer of the single photovoltaic module, the forming module cuts the battery layer according to the preset width set by the central control module;
the preset width is a corresponding width stored in the central control module and capable of receiving photovoltaic energy around the photovoltaic focus, and is related to the thickness and the refractive index of the glass layer;
the glass layer is provided with strip-shaped indentations so that the glass layer forms strip-shaped prisms used for refracting light rays to the corresponding battery layer.
Further, in the step S3, the bending module bends the adhesive film layer according to the preset shape data, the central control module controls the bending module to bend for the second time according to the thickness of the adhesive film layer, a thickness threshold of the adhesive film layer is stored in the central control module, and if the thickness of the adhesive film layer is higher than the thickness threshold, the central control module determines to bend for the second time;
wherein the thickness threshold is related to the yield strength of the glue film layer.
Further, in the step S5, the central control module controls the superposition module to perform a test on the photovoltaic semi-finished product, including a parallel light test;
the parallel light test is to irradiate the photovoltaic semi-finished product from the direction of the glass layer by using a beam of parallel laser, the central control module judges whether the photovoltaic semi-finished product is qualified or not according to the deviation degree of the position of the parallel laser irradiated on the battery layer through the glass layer and the central line of the single battery layer, the central control module is provided with a minimum deviation threshold, and if the deviation degree is larger than the minimum deviation threshold, the central control module judges that the photovoltaic semi-finished product is qualified;
the offset degree is the distance between the extension line of the refraction light path and the center line of the battery layer.
Further, in the step S5, when the central control module controls the superposition module to perform the parallel light test, the superposition module stops maintaining the environment of the vacuum working space;
wherein the environment is maintained to evacuate the vacuum working space to a vacuum.
In another aspect, the present invention provides a photovoltaic module comprising:
the backboard is used for loading a preset number of semi-finished photovoltaic modules so as to form the photovoltaic modules;
a plurality of photovoltaic module semi-finished products which are loaded on the backboard in a preset installation mode;
the preset mounting mode is that each photovoltaic module semi-finished product is arranged on the backboard at a preset mounting angle, and adjacent photovoltaic semi-finished products are mutually bonded and connected;
wherein the single photovoltaic semi-finished product comprises:
the glass layer is provided with a plurality of indentations and is used for protecting the photovoltaic module and adjusting the path for receiving sunlight;
a battery layer disposed under the glass layer to generate electricity using solar light;
the bending adhesive film layer is respectively connected with the glass layer and the battery and is used for attaching the corresponding surfaces of the glass layer and the battery layer;
the preset installation angle is a corresponding inclination angle of the installation latitude of the photovoltaic module.
In still another aspect, the invention provides an application of a photovoltaic module, wherein the photovoltaic module is placed on the ground when the illumination intensity is greater than a minimum rated intensity value;
the minimum rated intensity value is the minimum irradiance of sunlight which can convert solar energy into electric energy by the photovoltaic module, and the value of the minimum irradiance is larger than that of a standard photovoltaic module.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the beneficial effects that a reasonable glass layer is selected by utilizing a mode of calculating the mounting latitude of the photovoltaic module, and the photovoltaic module is manufactured according to the refractive index and the thickness of the glass layer, so that the photovoltaic module focuses on the battery layer during operation, the preparation accuracy of the photovoltaic module is effectively improved, and the application scene of the photovoltaic module is effectively expanded;
further, by arranging the vacuum operation space in the superposition module, the compactness of each layer is effectively improved in the lamination process, and meanwhile, the stability of the photovoltaic module is enhanced, so that the application scene of the photovoltaic module is further expanded;
further, by means of arranging the horizontal photovoltaic module and the inclined photovoltaic module, damage caused by inclined arrangement of the photovoltaic module is avoided, and the application scene of the photovoltaic module is further expanded while the structural stability of the photovoltaic module is effectively improved;
furthermore, by means of testing the photovoltaic semi-finished product, the production qualification rate is effectively improved, and meanwhile, the sun illumination is simulated, so that the application scene of the photovoltaic module is further expanded;
further, by arranging the backboard and a plurality of photovoltaic semi-finished products to form the photovoltaic module, the installation efficiency of the photovoltaic module is effectively improved, and meanwhile, the application scene of the photovoltaic module is further expanded;
further, through the mode of adjusting the structure of photovoltaic module, guarantee the work of photovoltaic module under the low light environment, when effectively promoting photovoltaic module's job stabilization nature, further expanded photovoltaic module's application scene.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of manufacturing a photovoltaic module of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of bending a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
wherein: 1: a back plate; 2: a horizontal photovoltaic block; 3: tilting the photovoltaic block; 4: a glass layer; 5: bending the adhesive film layer; 6: and a battery layer.
Detailed Description
In order that the objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent, the invention will be further described with reference to the following examples; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are merely for explaining the technical principles of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are merely for convenience of description, but do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to the specific circumstances.
Referring to fig. 1, a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module according to the present invention includes:
step S1, analyzing the refractive index and the thickness of a glass layer by using a central control module, comparing an analysis result with the installation latitude of a photovoltaic module, and generating preset shape data according to the comparison result;
step S2, prefabricating the glass layer into a preset glass shape according to preset shape data by utilizing a forming module, and prefabricating the battery layer into a preset battery shape;
s3, bending the adhesive film layer in a preset bending mode by using a bending module, and fixing the bent adhesive film layer to form a bent adhesive film layer;
s4, laminating the glass layer, the battery layer and the bending adhesive film layer in a preset laminating mode by utilizing a laminating module to form a semi-finished product of the photovoltaic module;
step S5, the central control module controls the superposition module to detect the semi-finished product of the photovoltaic module which is bonded, and the detected semi-finished product of the photovoltaic module is assembled with the backboard to prepare the photovoltaic module;
step S6, the central control module adjusts preset shape data according to the detection data;
the method comprises the steps of performing a preset bending mode on a glue film layer according to the thickness of the glue film layer and bending angles of preset shape data, wherein the preset glass shape is formed by splicing adjacent glass layers at a preset installation angle, and the preset battery shape is formed by cutting a battery layer into strips with preset widths;
the preset superposition mode is to bond the glass layer and the bending adhesive film layer to form a glass composite layer, and bond the surface of the bending adhesive film layer in the glass composite layer with the battery layer to form a photovoltaic semi-finished product;
the installation latitude of the photovoltaic module is the latitude of the installation area of the photovoltaic module;
the predetermined width is related to the refractive index of the glass layer and the thickness of the glass layer.
The reasonable glass layer is selected by calculating the latitude of the photovoltaic module, and the photovoltaic module is manufactured according to the refractive index and the thickness of the glass layer, so that the photovoltaic module focuses on the battery layer during operation, the preparation accuracy of the photovoltaic module is effectively improved, and the application scene of the photovoltaic module is effectively expanded;
specifically, in step S4, a vacuum operation space is provided in the stacking module, and when the stacking module performs lamination in a preset stacking manner, vacuum is pumped into the vacuum operation space, and the glass layer and the bending adhesive film layer are laminated to form a glass composite layer; when the superposition module completes the preparation of the glass composite layer, the superposition module does not maintain vacuum in the vacuum operation space any more, and the superposition module is used for jointing the corresponding surfaces of the battery layer and the bending adhesive film layer in the glass composite layer so as to form a photovoltaic semi-finished product.
By arranging the vacuum operation space in the superposition module, the compactness of each layer is effectively improved in the lamination process, and meanwhile, the stability of the photovoltaic module is enhanced, so that the application scene of the photovoltaic module is further expanded;
specifically, in step S1, the central control module determines an installation angle of the photovoltaic module according to the installation latitude of the photovoltaic module, and determines preset shape data according to the installation angle;
wherein the preset shape data comprises:
the horizontal photovoltaic installation data corresponds to the installation mode of the horizontal photovoltaic module;
the inclined photovoltaic installation data corresponds to the installation mode of the inclined photovoltaic module;
the installation mode of the horizontal photovoltaic module is horizontal installation during installation, the installation mode of the inclined photovoltaic module is connected with the horizontal photovoltaic module, and an included angle formed by the lighting surface of the inclined photovoltaic module and the lighting surface of the horizontal photovoltaic module is an installation angle;
the central control module sets a focal point of the glass layer corresponding to the preset shape as a photovoltaic focal point.
Taking latitude of 35 ° as an example:
the central control module is provided with a lighting surface inclination angle coefficient A,
in an area with the installation latitude of 35 degrees, the central control module calculates a corresponding lighting surface inclination J, J=A×35 degrees according to the lighting surface inclination coefficient A;
wherein the lighting surface inclination angle coefficient A is related to the refractive index of the glass layer, and can be obtained empirically, and the lighting surface inclination angle J is less than 35 degrees.
Specifically, in step S2, the forming module prepares glass layers of a single photovoltaic module and arranges the glass layers, wherein the single glass layer corresponds to the single horizontal photovoltaic module or the single inclined photovoltaic module, and the single horizontal photovoltaic module and the single inclined photovoltaic module are alternately arranged;
wherein, single photovoltaic module is horizontal photovoltaic module or slope photovoltaic module.
By arranging the horizontal photovoltaic module and the inclined photovoltaic module, damage caused by inclined arrangement of the photovoltaic module is avoided, and the application scene of the photovoltaic module is further expanded while the structural stability of the photovoltaic module is effectively improved;
specifically, in step S2, when the forming module prepares the battery layer of the single photovoltaic module, the forming module cuts the battery layer according to the preset width set by the central control module;
the preset width is a corresponding width which is stored in the central control module and can receive photovoltaic energy around the photovoltaic focus, and is related to the thickness and the refractive index of the glass layer;
the glass layer is provided with strip-shaped indentations so that the glass layer forms strip-shaped prisms used for refracting light rays to the corresponding battery layer.
Specifically, in step S3, the bending module bends the adhesive film layer according to the preset shape data, and the central control module controls the bending module to bend for the second time according to the thickness of the adhesive film layer, wherein the central control module stores a thickness threshold of the adhesive film layer, and if the thickness of the adhesive film layer is higher than the thickness threshold, the central control module determines to bend for the second time;
wherein the thickness threshold is related to the yield strength of the film layer.
The bending module is provided with the maximum deflection corresponding to the adhesive film layer, which corresponds to the bending thickness threshold value dα, and the dα is compared with the adhesive film layer thickness di of the ith photovoltaic module to determine the bending strategy,
if di is less than or equal to dα, the bending module bends the first bending point at a bending angle;
if di is larger than dα, the bending module bends the first bending point by a bending angle, and bends the second bending point by a preset compensation bending mode;
the first bending point is a corresponding point between the adjacent edge of the adjacent glass layer and the adhesive film layer, and the second bending point is a corresponding point between the central line of the glass layer parallel to the adjacent edge and the adhesive film layer;
wherein i=1, 2,3, …, n, n > 1 and n is an integer, and the preset compensation bending mode is to bend the second bending point into the elastic section of the adhesive film layer in the opposite direction to the first bending point.
Specifically, in step S5, the test performed by the central control module on the photovoltaic semi-finished product by the superposition module includes parallel light test;
the parallel light test comprises the steps that a beam of parallel laser irradiates towards a photovoltaic semi-finished product from the direction of a glass layer, a central control module judges whether the photovoltaic semi-finished product is qualified or not according to the deviation degree of the position of the parallel laser irradiating on the battery layer through the glass layer and the central line of a single battery layer, the central control module is provided with a minimum deviation threshold, and if the deviation degree is larger than the minimum deviation threshold, the central control module judges that the photovoltaic semi-finished product is qualified;
the offset degree is the distance between the extension line of the refraction light path and the center line of the battery layer.
By means of testing the photovoltaic semi-finished product, the solar illumination is simulated while the production qualification rate is effectively improved, so that the application scene of the photovoltaic module is further expanded;
specifically, in step S5, when the central control module controls the superposition module to perform the parallel light test, the superposition module stops maintaining the environment of the vacuum working space;
wherein the environment is maintained to evacuate the vacuum working space to a vacuum.
Specifically, in step S6, the central control module is provided with a deviation threshold, and determines whether the preset shape data needs to be adjusted according to the deviation degree of the position of the parallel laser irradiated on the battery layer through the glass layer and the central line of the single battery layer,
if the deviation degree is not greater than the deviation threshold value, the central control module judges that the preset shape data is not adjusted;
if the deviation degree is larger than the deviation threshold, the central control module judges that the preset shape data are adjusted, and the inclination angle coefficient A of the lighting surface is adjusted to be 5%.
Referring to fig. 2, a structure diagram of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the invention includes:
a back sheet 1 for supporting a photovoltaic module;
a plurality of photovoltaic module semi-finished products are loaded on the backboard 1 in a preset installation mode and are divided into:
a horizontal photovoltaic block 2 connected to the back plate 1 and horizontally mounted on the back plate 1;
the inclined photovoltaic block 3 is connected with the back plate 1 and the horizontal photovoltaic block 2 and forms a preset installation angle with the horizontal photovoltaic block 2;
the preset installation angle is a corresponding inclination angle of the installation latitude of the photovoltaic module, and the horizontal photovoltaic block 2 and the inclined photovoltaic block 3 are mutually adhered and are in pressure connection with the backboard 1;
wherein the single photovoltaic semi-finished product comprises:
the glass layer is provided with a plurality of indentations and is used for protecting the photovoltaic module and adjusting the path for receiving sunlight;
a battery layer disposed under the glass layer to generate electricity using solar light;
the bending adhesive film layer is connected with the glass layer and the battery and is used for attaching the corresponding surfaces of the glass layer and the battery layer;
the preset installation angle is a corresponding inclination angle of the installation latitude of the photovoltaic module.
By arranging the backboard, the horizontal photovoltaic block and the inclined photovoltaic block, the photovoltaic module is formed, so that the installation efficiency of the photovoltaic module is effectively improved, and the application scene of the photovoltaic module is further expanded;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating bending of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the invention.
Wherein, there is the contained angle between the adjacent glass layer 4, buckle glued membrane layer 5 and buckle according to the contained angle, battery layer 6 laminating is in buckling glued membrane layer 5 below.
Wherein, the bending adhesive film layer 5 is an EVA adhesive film layer.
Specifically, when the illumination intensity is larger than a minimum rated intensity value, the photovoltaic module is placed on the ground, and meanwhile, the photovoltaic module is adjusted to enable the horizontal photovoltaic block to be positioned at the horizontal position, and the inclined photovoltaic block faces any direction;
the minimum rated intensity value is the minimum irradiance of sunlight which can convert solar energy into electric energy by the photovoltaic module, and the value of the minimum irradiance is larger than that of a standard photovoltaic module.
When the illumination intensity is in the rated intensity range, the glass layer refracts sunlight, and the energy received by the battery layer exceeds the rated conversion rate;
when the illumination intensity is lower than the rated intensity range, sunlight is focused on the battery layer through the glass layer, and the energy received by the battery layer is at the rated conversion rate.
Through the mode of adjusting the structure of photovoltaic module, guarantee the work of photovoltaic module under the low light environment, when effectively promoting photovoltaic module's job stabilization nature, further expanded photovoltaic module's application scene.
Thus far, the technical solution of the present invention has been described in connection with the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings, but it is easily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to these specific embodiments. Equivalent modifications and substitutions for related technical features may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present invention, and such modifications and substitutions will be within the scope of the present invention.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention; various modifications and variations of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method of manufacturing a photovoltaic module, comprising:
step S1, analyzing the refractive index and the thickness of a glass layer by using a central control module, comparing an analysis result with the installation latitude of a photovoltaic module, and generating preset shape data according to the comparison result;
s2, prefabricating the glass layer into a preset glass shape according to the preset shape data by utilizing a forming module, and prefabricating the battery layer into a preset battery shape;
s3, bending the adhesive film layer in a preset bending mode by using a bending module, and fixing the bent adhesive film layer to form a bent adhesive film layer;
s4, laminating the glass layer, the battery layer and the bending adhesive film layer in a preset lamination mode by utilizing a lamination module to form a semi-finished product of the photovoltaic module;
step S5, the central control module controls the superposition module to detect the semi-finished product of the laminated photovoltaic module, and the detected semi-finished product of the photovoltaic module is assembled with the backboard to prepare the photovoltaic module;
step S6, the central control module adjusts the preset shape data according to the detection data;
the preset bending mode is to bend the adhesive film layer according to the thickness of the adhesive film layer and the bending angle of the preset shape data, the preset glass shape is to splice the adjacent glass layers at a preset installation angle, and the preset battery shape is to cut the battery layer into a strip shape with a preset width;
the preset superposition mode is to attach the glass layer and the bending adhesive film layer to form a glass composite layer, and attach the surface of the bending adhesive film layer in the glass composite layer and the battery layer to form a photovoltaic semi-finished product;
the installation latitude of the photovoltaic module is the latitude of the installation area of the photovoltaic module, and the preset installation angle is the corresponding inclination angle of the installation latitude of the photovoltaic module;
the preset width is a corresponding width stored in the central control module and capable of receiving photovoltaic energy around the photovoltaic focus, and is related to the thickness and the refractive index of the glass layer.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S4, a vacuum operation space is provided in the stacking module, and when the stacking module is attached in the preset stacking manner, the vacuum operation space is evacuated, and the glass layer and the bending adhesive film layer are attached to form a glass composite layer; when the superposition module completes the preparation of the glass composite layer, the superposition module does not maintain vacuum in the vacuum operation space any more, and the superposition module is used for adhering the battery layer to the corresponding surface of the bending adhesive film layer in the glass composite layer so as to form a photovoltaic semi-finished product.
3. The method according to claim 2, wherein in the step S1, the central control module determines an installation angle of the photovoltaic module according to the installation latitude of the photovoltaic module, and determines the preset shape data according to the installation angle;
wherein the preset shape data includes:
the horizontal photovoltaic installation data corresponds to the installation mode of the horizontal photovoltaic module;
the inclined photovoltaic installation data corresponds to the installation mode of the inclined photovoltaic module;
the installation mode of the horizontal photovoltaic module is horizontal installation during installation, the installation mode of the inclined photovoltaic module is connected with the horizontal photovoltaic module, and an included angle formed by a lighting surface of the inclined photovoltaic module and a lighting surface of the horizontal photovoltaic module is the installation angle;
and the central control module sets the focal point of the glass layer corresponding to the preset shape as a photovoltaic focal point.
4. The method for manufacturing a photovoltaic module according to claim 3, wherein in the step S2, the forming module is configured to manufacture glass layers of a single photovoltaic module and arrange the glass layers, wherein the single glass layer corresponds to a single horizontal photovoltaic module or a single inclined photovoltaic module, and the single horizontal photovoltaic module and the single inclined photovoltaic module are alternately arranged;
wherein the single photovoltaic module is a horizontal photovoltaic module or an inclined photovoltaic module.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein in the step S2, the molding module cuts the battery layer according to the preset width set by the central control module when preparing the battery layer of the single photovoltaic module;
the preset width is a corresponding width stored in the central control module and capable of receiving photovoltaic energy around the photovoltaic focus, and is related to the thickness and the refractive index of the glass layer;
the glass layer is provided with strip-shaped indentations so that the glass layer forms strip-shaped prisms used for refracting light rays to the corresponding battery layer.
6. The method according to claim 5, wherein in the step S3, the bending module bends the adhesive film layer according to the preset shape data, the central control module controls the bending module to bend for the second time according to the thickness of the adhesive film layer, a thickness threshold of the adhesive film layer is stored in the central control module, and if the thickness of the adhesive film layer is higher than the thickness threshold, the central control module determines to bend for the second time;
wherein the thickness threshold is related to the yield strength of the glue film layer.
7. The method according to claim 6, wherein in the step S5, the central control module controls the test of the superposition module on the photovoltaic semi-finished product to include a parallel light test;
the parallel light test is to irradiate the photovoltaic semi-finished product from the direction of the glass layer by using a beam of parallel laser, the central control module judges whether the photovoltaic semi-finished product is qualified or not according to the deviation degree of the position of the parallel laser irradiated on the battery layer through the glass layer and the central line of the single battery layer, the central control module is provided with a minimum deviation threshold, and if the deviation degree is larger than the minimum deviation threshold, the central control module judges that the photovoltaic semi-finished product is qualified;
the offset degree is the distance between the extension line of the refraction light path and the center line of the battery layer.
8. The method according to claim 7, wherein in the step S5, the central control module controls the superposition module to stop the environmental maintenance of the vacuum working space when the superposition module performs the parallel light test;
wherein the environment is maintained to evacuate the vacuum working space to a vacuum.
9. A photovoltaic module prepared by the method for preparing a photovoltaic module according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising:
the backboard is used for loading a preset number of semi-finished photovoltaic modules so as to form the photovoltaic modules;
a plurality of photovoltaic module semi-finished products which are loaded on the backboard in a preset installation mode;
the preset mounting mode is that each photovoltaic module semi-finished product is arranged on the backboard at a preset mounting angle, and adjacent photovoltaic semi-finished products are mutually bonded and connected;
wherein the single photovoltaic semi-finished product comprises:
the glass layer is provided with a plurality of indentations and is used for protecting the photovoltaic module and adjusting the path for receiving sunlight;
a battery layer disposed under the glass layer to generate electricity using solar light;
and the bending adhesive film layer is respectively connected with the glass layer and the battery and is used for attaching the corresponding surfaces of the glass layer and the battery layer.
10. An application mode using the photovoltaic module according to claim 9, characterized in that the photovoltaic module is placed on the ground when the illumination intensity is greater than a minimum rated intensity value;
the minimum rated intensity value is the minimum irradiance of sunlight which can convert solar energy into electric energy by the photovoltaic module, and the value of the minimum irradiance is larger than that of a standard photovoltaic module.
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| US8748727B2 (en) * | 2008-01-18 | 2014-06-10 | Tenksolar, Inc. | Flat-plate photovoltaic module |
| US20120167946A1 (en) * | 2010-12-30 | 2012-07-05 | Solaria Corporation | High impact and load bearing solar glass for a concentrated large area solar module and method |
| EP4145699A1 (en) * | 2021-09-06 | 2023-03-08 | Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) | Photovoltaic system for low solar elevation angles |
| CN114695585A (en) * | 2022-03-18 | 2022-07-01 | 苏州零碳绿建新能源科技有限公司 | Photovoltaic tile assembly and preparation method thereof |
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